Introduction to the Philosophy

of the Human Person

The Human Person as
Embodied Spirit
Quarter 1, Module 6

Noddings, Nel (1995). Philosophy of Education. Boulder, CO: Westview
Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-8133-8429-X.
Frankena, William K.; Raybeck, Nathan; Burbules, Nicholas (2002).
"Philosophy of Education". In Guthrie, James W. (ed.). Encyclopedia of
Education, 2nd edition. New York, NY: Macmillan Reference. ISBN 0-
02-865594-X.
THE HUMAN PERSON AS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT
This module will help students understand the human person as
an embodied spirit.
Learning Objectives:
Specifically, you will be expected to:

Phillips, Trevor J. (2017-03-18). "Ch. III: Transactionalism in Contempo- .

rary Philosophy and Ch. V: The Educative Process". In Tibbels, Kirk-
land; Patterson, John (eds.). Transactionalism: An Historical and Inter-
pretive Study. Independently published. pp. 163–205.
ISBN 9781520829319.
"Philosophy and Education". Teachers College - Columbia University.
Retrieved 2017-04-29.
 Recognize own limitations and possibilities.PPT11/12-If-3.1
 Evaluate own limitations and possibilities for their transcend-
ence.PPT11/12-Ig-3.2
 Recognize the how the human body imposes limits and possi-
bilities for transcendence.PPT11/12-Ih-3.3
 Distinguish the limitation and possibilities for transcend-
encPPT11/12-Ii-3.4

"Philosophy of Education - Courses - NYU Steinhardt". stein-

hardt.nyu.edu. Retrieved 2017-04-29. In doing this module, the
following are some reminders:

PREPARED BY: 1. Take the pretest before

answering the module.
2. Read the instructions carefully
Name of Teacher : MICHAEL G. FABIA
before doing each task.
3. Answer all the exercises.
Position : Teacher II
4. Take the posttest.
5. Use a separate sheet in
School: Judge Jose De Venecia Senior Technical Voca-
answering all the activities.
tional Secondary School

9 1
Matching type: Write the correct letter before each number.
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
__1.The soul is imprisoned in the body. In death, the soul is released
from the body.
__2. Man is the whole of his body and soul; The body and soul are two 1. The following are the philosophical definitions of human spirit
aspects of man. except one:
A. This includes intellect, emotions, passion and creativity
__3. Man is the unity of body and soul . B. This considered to be the mental functions of awareness,
__4. Soul is not the man; The nature of man is composed of soul, flesh, insights, and understanding, judgment.
and bone. C. This comprises entities of emotions, images, memory
and personality
__5. Real essence of man is different from the body . D. This studies about moral values and judgment.
__6. The physical aspect of the human person . 2. Yana is righteous believer of God, suddenly death as result of
heart disease, his family believe that he is now in heaven.
__7. The observable aspect; The aspect that is visible and tangible What ascended to heaven?
__8.All the skills we have learned in life. A . Human Body C. Human Spirit
B. Human soul D. All of the above
__9. The awareness of our body of the things that we cannot do. 3 .Zaldy is death as result of car crash, his wife cannot accept his
__10. Spirituality something which cannot be seen. early death, since then , most his children knew that their dad
is still with them. What had they experience?
A . The spirit of dead C. Both Soul and Spirit
A. Soul I. Aristotle B. The soul of the dead D. Undecided
4. .A discipline of philosophy that attempts to apply ethical theory
B. Sense of limitation J. Plato to real life situation?
C .Sense of skills A . Metaphysics C. Ethics
B. Applied Ethics D. Logic
D. Physicality 5. How did Daniel Helminiak and Bernard Lonergan explains the
E. The body human spirit except one?
A. Considered to be the mental functions of awareness,
F. Rene Descartes insights, understanding and judgment and other reason-
G. Saint Thomas Aquinas ing powers
B. Component of human philosophy, psychology, art and
H. Saint Augustine knowledge.
C. Is used to refer impersonal, universal on higher com-
ponent of human nature
D. The Principle of Existentialism

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8

The freedom of the soul from the body, its imprisonment is tran-
scendence.
Transcendence is the existence that is present beyond normal
or physical level.
Transcendence means that: “I am my body but at the same
time I am more than my body. The things that I do, all those
physical activities and attributes which are made real through my
body, reveals the person that I am”.
Three Main Spiritual Philosophies
Hinduism is the belief in karma and reincarnation.
Brahman is Self-Hood Hinduism lies the idea of human be-
ing's quest for absolute truth, so that one's soul and the Brah-
man or Atman (Absolute Soul) might become one. For the Indi-
ans, God first created sound and the universe arose from it.
The Aum (Om) is the root of the universe and everything that
exists and it continues to hold everything together, the most sa-
cred sound in which the universe arose from and was the first
thing God created.
Primary Values of Hindus:
wealth, pleasure, duty and enlightenment
Wealth and Pleasure are worldly values, but when kept in per-
spective they are good and desirable.
The spiritual value of duty, or righteousness, refers to pa-
tience, sincerity, forgiveness, love, honesty and similar virtues.
The spiritual value, though, is enlightenment, by which one is
illuminated and liberated and most importantly, finds release
from the wheel of existence. Buddhism is the life experience and
teaching of Prince Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha -he who
achieves his aim), a tradition that focuses on personal spiritual
development, solutions is lay in his own mind and is famous for
its belief in Nirvana; a place of perfect peace and happi-
ness .Buddhism, contained in the teachings of its founder, Sid-
dhartha Gautama or Buddha.
7
.
The Human Person As An Embodied Spirit (Recognize Own
Limitations and Possibilities).
Man is not only body, but he is something infinitely higher. Of
all the animal creations of God, man is the only animal who has
been created in order that he may know his maker. Man’s aim in
life is not to add from day to day to his material prospects and to
his material possessions but his predominant calling is from day
to day to come nearer to his maker [Mohandas Gandhi, 1948].
To recognize our own limitations and possibilities it is right to
know where we are, what is our world.
According to Plato reality is made up of two worlds namely, the
world of Forms and the world of Sense where human beings par-
ticipate in both of these different worlds.
The world of Sense which is proposed and believed by Heracli-
tus, is the world we see, experience, the world of objects; a world
of change, it is made up of matter and is bound to decomposition.
Heraclitus proves this through the statements “Cold things grow
hot, the hot cools, the wet dries, the parched moistens.” and “We
both step and do not step into the same revers. We are and we
are not.”The world of Forms which is proposed by Parmenides
who influenced Plato in this type of world is a world that is eternal,
perfect and unchanging.
Parmenides proved the world of Forms by his statement “ We
can speak and think only of what exists. And what exists is uncre-
ated and imperishable for it is whole and unchanging and com-
plete. It was not or nor shall be different since it is now, all at
once, one and continuous.
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For Plato, reality is eternal and unchanging, it is the real world,
the world of forms. Everything in the world of senses is but an
imitation or a mere shadow of the ideal.
Human beings participate in both the senses and the ideal
world because they have a material body and immaterial soul,
synthesis of change and permanence.
Human beings is a body and soul, according to Plato, body is
evil for it is inclined to temporal things; objected to temporal sat-
isfaction and happiness.
As stated by Origen, a Christian theologian and philosopher
that is also a Platonian “all rational beings were once pure intel-
lects in the presence of God, and would remain so forever had
they not fallen away through Koros (satiety).”
Because of koros (sin) or our transgression and disobedience
to God we are punished by being given a body.
To be free it is a human task to gradually recollect the ideas
the soul used to know through education in order for it to be re-
leased from being imprisoned in our body and be able to return
to its place in the world of forms, for the soul is superior and ex-
ists eternally even after the body evanesces gradually.
However, failure to recall everything the soul used to know,
the soul has to undergo another imprisonment and this process
will continually occur until the soul is ready to go back to its
place in the world of forms.
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I. True or False
___1. According to Aquinas, all creatures are metaphysically made
of essence and existence.
___2. Neil doubts everything and he even question facts, belief,
knowledge . His act of extreme doubting follows the methods
of empiricism.
____3.Aquinas sought to Christianize Plato
____4. Syllogistic or logical method is attributed from Aristotle, the
founder of logic
____5. Descartes rejected the notion that knowledge is innate.
____6. Stoicism was founded by Zeno.
____7. According to Sartre, essence precedes existence.
____8.According to existentialists, human nature is chosen through
life choices.
____9. Aquinas believe that the principal purpose of man is to be
virtuous.
____10. Essence is acquisition of extrinsic properties upon our ex-
istence
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