LESSON 1

(Important Details)
Summary of Characteristics of Quantities Research.
• The emphasis in quantitative research is on proof rather than discovery.
Although a big population generates more trustworthy data, random sampling
procedures must be properly observed to avoid researcher bias. Quantitative
approaches can be used to confirm findings in a different situation, so
confirming their validity.

 LESSON 2

SUMMARY OF LESSON 2

True Experiments in the Lab

True experiments with people are common in laborator experiments
and in the testing of new medicines. People who go through tough
initiation rites put a lot of personal investment into getting into the
group. Later, if people see evidence that the group is not what they
thought it would be, they are reluctant to admit the fact.

True Experiment in the Field

White students were more likely to report being intimidated by their
AfricanAmerican peers than vice versa. Researchers noticed that
African-American and white children seemed to react differently to
"mildly aggressive acts"- things like bumping in the hallway, poking
one another in the classroom.

Quasi-Experiment

Quasi-experiments are most often used in evaluating social programs.

Students are measured before and after an intervention to see
whether their reading scores improve. This design contains many of
the elements of a true experiment. But the participants are not
assigned randomly to the treatment and control groups.

In the 1950s, physicians began general use of the Pap Test, a simple
procedure for determining the presence of cervical cancer.
Measurements were made for several years to see if there was any
effect. Later, it was noticed that cervical cancer rates had been
dropping steadily.

SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

Experimental study is to determine the impact of one element on
another while controlling for all other variables that may have an
 impact. More than any other research strategy, it is based on the
ideals of a positivist approach to science. The most strictly regulated
laboratory experimentation entails bringing specific conditions into a
well controlled setting.

LESSON 3

Exercise A. On the kinds of Quantitative Research

Designs
Directions: On the spaces provided, write survey or
experiment, indicating the kind of
. quantitative research you will use, given the following
problem inquiries,
you, as researcher, intend to investigate:
Survey A. how many students use the university library
between 7AM and BAM.
Survey B. how many hours adolescents do Facebook in a
day.
Survey C. the most frequently used student service in
your university.
Experiment D. the impact of blended learning on
students enrolled in English 1.
Survey E. the number of students who read the
broadsheets (newspapers) daily
Survey F. the food preference of basketball players of
your university or institution.
Survey G. the number of times students go to the
guidance counselor for help every month.
Survey H. the kind of shampoo women prefer. 1. the
kind of shampoo men prefer.
Survey J. the most saleable items in three food chains.
Experiment K. the effects of coaching on the academic
performance of Grade XII students in the subject
Mathematics.
Experiment L. The results of a prescribed daily diet on
the sugar count of diabetic patients.
Survey M. The popularity of two top dishwashing liquid
brands among housewives.
Experiment N. The impact of cooperative stores on a
selected barangay.
Survey O. The correlation of admission test results of
high school graduates under the ALS (Alternative
Learning System) and those under the regular Dep-Ed
system of schooling.
Survey P. The top 3 academic tracks chosen by SHS
students in your school.

Exercise B. On Variables Directions: Do as directed.

1. Distinguish independent from independent variables
in a complete sentence.
2. Explain the term "control variable in your own words
in a complete sentence.
 • In scientific experimentation, a control variable is an
element that remains constant and unmodified
throughout the investigation.
3. Explain "confounding variable" in your own words in
a complete sentence.
• In statistics, a confounder is a variable that influences
both the dependent variable and independent variable,
causing a spurious association. Confounding is a causal
concept, and as such, cannot be described in terms of
correlations or associations.
4. Which of the two is the independent variable?
A. Students undergo blended learning in an English
subject.
B. Students who undergo blended learning have
improved grades in an English subject. Explain your
answer in a complete sentence.

• For me, it is B. Because the independent variable is the one

that can count the data. It is easy to count the students who
study Blended Learning and then their grades increase.
 5. Which of the two is the dependent variable?
A. A considerable number of consumers use the twin
pack in a 3 in 1 coffee product.
B. A leading coffee manufacturer introduces twin pack
in a 3 in 1 coffee product
Explain your answer in a complete sentence.

EXERCISE C. ON SURVEY
4. We do an Online survey about the most liked
primetime programs of ABS-CBN and GMA

What is/are your most watched primetime show in ABS-

CBN?
It's Showtime- 18 (72%)
FPJ Ang Probinsyano- 5 (20%)
Dolce Amore- 3 (12%)
Nang ngumiti ang langit- 2 (8%)
Pinoy big brother season 10- 8 (32%)
Huwag Kang mangamba- 2 (8%)
TV patrol- 7 (28%)
 Other- 3 (12%)

What is/are your most watched primetime show in

GMA
One true love- 1 (4%)
24 oras- 10 (40%)
Temptation of wife- 0 (0%)
Eat bulaga- 7 (28%)
Kapuso mo Jessica soho- 16 (64%)
Imbestigador- 7 (28%)
Bubble gang- 9 (36%)
Other- 1 (4%)

In terms of rating, based on AGB Nielsen’s NUTAM

survey on July 22, the show led by Alden and Jasmin
tallied a 13.6% rating, followed by the Kapuso re-run
Endless Love at 11.1%.
 ABS-CBN’s FPJAP meanwhile had a rating of 10.5%,
Huwag Kang Mangamba at 6.2%, and Init sa
Magdamag at 4.3%.
Maja Salvador’s show on TV5 currently has a rating of
4.1%.

Based on the latest available numbers from the AGB

Nielsen NUTAM survey, GMA Network shows continued
to lead the rating board securing the top 3 rankings.
First Yaya continues to be the undisputed number 1
weekday program nationwide scoring a combined
rating of 21.2%, 20.7%, 22%, and 21.8% ratings
respectively from May 10 to 13 from GMA Network,
GTV, and Heart of Asia.
The Kapuso romcom meanwhile is followed by their
flagship newscast 24 Oras in second place. The Kapuso
primetime newscast which also aired in multiple
channels GMA Network and HGTV registered a rating of
16.4%, 16.4%, 17%, and 16.8% respectively for the
survey week.
The Julie Anne San Jose-David Licauco starrer remains in
the number 3 rank with a rating of 13.6%, 12.9%,
14.1%, and 13% for the week of May 10 to 13.

C. How Quantitative Research can contribute to poverty

reduction?
For me, Quantitative Research can reduce poverty
because the government can better understand the
number of people who are suffering and do not have
enough food on a daily basis. Their daily needs cannot
be bought. This will help with the numbers that will be
displayed or the data that will appear. In today's time
when the government needs to focus on poverty,
quantitative research is a tool for researchers to get the
real data. and to properly address the poverty that our
country is experiencing.