Learner’s Activity Sheet

Assessment Checklist

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and to

the World

Quarter 1 – Week 1

Dimensions of Philippine Literary History from Pre-

Colonial Period

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Name of Student

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Year Level / Section

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Teacher

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Parent or Guardian

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School

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Date of Retrieval
12
 TEACHER'S REFERENCE GUIDE (TRG)
School: Grade Level: 12
Teacher: Learning Area: English
Teaching Date: Quarter: 1 . Week: 1 .

I. OBJECTIVES Identify the geographic, linguistic and ethnic

dimensions of Philippine literary history from pre-
colonial period.
A. Content Standard The learner will be able to understand and appreciate
the elements and contexts of 21st Century Philippine
literature from the regions.
B. Performance The learner will be able to demonstrate understanding
Standard and appreciation of 21st century Philippine literature
from the regions through: 1. A written close analysis
and critical interpretations of a literary text in terms of
forms and themes, with a description of its context
derived from research; and 2. An adaptation of a text
into other creative forms using multimedia.
C. MELC Writing close analysis and critical interpretation of
literary texts and doing an adaptation of these require
from the learner and ability to identify: a. the
geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of
Philippine literary history from pre-colonial period to
the contemporary b. representative texts and authors
from each region (e.g. engage in oral history research
with focus on personalities from the students’ region /
province / town).
Dimensions of Philippine Literary History from Pre-
II. SUBJECT MATTER: Colonial Period
a. Literary History
b. Literary Forms during Pre-Colonial Period
a. References a. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines
and to the World by
b. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and
to the World Modules by Gina P. Bituaran
c. Materials MELC, CG, TRG, LAS, Social Media, Learner’s Module
d. Integration Aralin sa Panlipunan
III. PROCEDURE
ACTIVITY Activity 1
(DO) Instructions:
Let the students recall the Philippine Pre- Colonial
Literature
ANALYSIS Activity 2
(THINK) Distinguish the various literary forms during the pre-
colonial period:
1. Myths
2. Legends
3. folksongs
4. Proverbs
 5. Riddles
6. Chants
7. Epics
ABSTRACTION Activity 3
(LEARN) 3.1. Let the students ask their folks in their
community or province for any example of the
literary forms in the pre-colonial period.
3.2. Let them re-tell the story to their family.
3.3. Let them ask one of their family members to take
a picture while storytelling.
3.4. Let them print the picture and attached it to the
back of their written chosen literary text.
APPLICATION Activity 4
(APPLY) Perform the following:
4.1. Let the students identify the literary forms of the
given literary texts.
4.2. Let them involve parents in formulating a local
riddle and its Tagalog version.
IV. EVALUATION Activity 5
5.1. Let the students share a Maranao proverb and
reflect on the given advice.
5.2. Let them promote the ethnic dimensions of
Philippine pre-colonial literature through a
hashtag.
SELF-ASSESSMENT Write significant learnings about the ethnic
dimensions of pre-colonial period.
 LEARNER'S ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)

Dear Students,

Assalamo alaikom warahmatullahi wabarakatuho!

Welcome to our subject, 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and to the
World. Despite this pandemic, we should continue to search knowledge in any mode
of learning possible for us. In this module, you will reminisce on the different
Philippine literary forms that evolved even before the colonial periods that were
passed on from generation to generation through the word of mouth.
While reading, if query arises relevant to the topic, you may clarify your teacher
via SMS/call (my no. _________________), through messenger, our Group Chat
(_____________________) or you may ask for consultation to make an appointment for
your queries before the submission date.

Always remember that in any undertakings, “If others can, why can’t I”. So.
Guys, enjoy reading while learning!

Sincerely,
Your Teacher

Dimensions of Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial Period

Let's Do It

Let us make a quick recall on Philippine literature during the Pre-Spanish Era.
Philippine literary history during pre-colonial times (BC -1564) was considered as
the longest period in the Philippine’s Literary Timeline. The indigenous culture of the
pre- colonial Philippines survived for so long due to resistance of Native Filipinos to
colonial rule and isolating themselves from the strong holds of the colonial powers.

Pre-colonial inhabitants of our islands showcased a rich past in a form of chants,

proverbs, songs, spells, and different folk narratives like folk tales, fables, legends,
myths, and epics.
It is referred to as The Oral Lore of the Pre-Colonial Times, which technically passed
down from generation to generation through the word of mouth.

Think About This

Let us distinguish the different Philippine literary forms before the Spanish invasion in
the country.
 Literary Forms during the Pre-colonial Period

1. MYTHS
Myth is a narrative that depicts the origin of the basic elements and assumptions
of a certain culture. It involves supernatural elements like how the world began, how
humans and animals were created, and how certain customs, gestures, or forms of
human activities originated. The stories were orally handed down from generation to
generation. Although myths are not based on facts, they reflect both universal
worries and the worries of specific cultures.
Myths from the Different Regions of the Philippines

a) The god and goddess (Ilocos)

b) Why there is high tide during full moon (Ibanag)
c) Why the dead come back no more (Ifugao)
d) Mag--asawang tubig (Tagalog)
e) How the moon and the stars came to be (Bukidnon-Mindanao)

Example:

How the Moon and the Stars Came to Be (A Myth from

Bukidnon)

One day, in the times when the sky was close to the
ground, a spinster went out to pound rice. Before she began
her work, she took off the beads from around her neck and
the comb from her hair, and hung them on the sky, which
at that time looked like coral rock. Then she began working,
and each time that she raised her pestle into the air it struck
the sky. For some times she pounded the rice, and then she
raised the pestle so high that it struck the sky very hard.
Immediately, the sky began to rise and it went up so far that
she lost her ornaments. Never did they come down, for the
comb became the moon and the beads are the stars that are
scattered about.

2. LEGENDS
Legend is a traditional narrative about real people who are famous for doing
something brave or extraordinary. It differs from a myth by portraying a human hero
rather than one who is a god. Every time the story was told, it became more
exaggerated and so it is difficult to tell how much of the story is really true.
 Examples of Legends from the Philippines
a) The Legend of Palendag (Maguindanao)
b) The Legend of the Sleeping Beauty (Kalinga)
c) Legend of the Dama de Noche
d) Legend of the Banana Plant
e) Legend of the Firefly

3. FOLK SONGS
The folk song, a form of folk lyric which expresses the hopes and aspirations,
the people’s lifestyles as well as their loves. These are often repetitive and sonorous,
didactic and naive as in the children’s songs or Ida-ida (Maguindanao), tulang
pambata (Tagalog) or Cansiones Para Abbing (Ibanag).

A few examples are the lullabyes or Ili-ili (Ilongo); love songs like the Bayok
(Maranao); the Panawagon and Balitao (Ilongo); Harana or serenade (Cebuano); the
seven-syllable per line poem, Ambahan of the Mangyans that are about human
relationships, social entertainment and also serve as a tool for teaching the young;
work songs that depict the livelihood of the people often sung to go with the
movement of workers such as the Kalusan (Ivatan), Soliranin (Tagalog rowing song)
or the Mambayu, a Kalinga rice-pounding song; the verbal jousts/games like the
duplo popular during wakes.

Other Examples of Folk Songs

1. Uyayi – lullaby
2. Komintang – war song
3. Kundiman – melancholic love song
4. Harana – serenade
5. Tagay – drinking song
6. Mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song
7. Subli – dance ritual song of courtship or marriage
8. Tagulaylay – songs of the dead

4. PROVERBS or EPIGRAMS (Salawikain or Sawikain)

A proverb is a simple and concrete saying, popularly known and repeated, that
expresses a truth based on common sense or experience. They are often
metaphorical. A proverb that describes a basic rule of conduct may also be known
as a maxim. These have been customarily used and served as laws or rules on good
behavior by our ancestors. To others, these are like allegories or parables that impart
lessons for the young.

Examples of Proverbs

1. “So sagorompong a buk a makambabibabid, na phakarun sa bagiyo.”

A tightly bound hair can deter a storm.
Isang bigkis na buhok, bagyo kayang harangin.
➢ In unity, there is strength.
 2. “Marugun a phukawn so taw a makaanaw.”
It is hard to wake up someone who is pretending to be asleep.
Mahirap gisingin ang nagtutulog-tulugan.
➢ While it is easy to tell people something they do not know, it is
much harder if they are willfully choosing not to see what is before
them.
3. “Pamunag ka ayonan ka kagiya pundato ka na kompasang ka so
ingud, taritibangka so tao ko sominundig a ingud.”
New king, new character.
Bagong hari, bagong ugali.
➢ New leadership always brings new ways.

5. RIDDLES (Bugtong or Palaisipan)

Riddles are made up of one or more measured lines with rhymes and may consist
of 4 to 12 syllables. It showcases the Filipino wit, literary talent, and keen observation
of the surroundings that involves reference to one or two images that symbolize the
characteristics of an unknown object that is to be guessed.

Examples of Riddles
1. “Piyata sa kalasan, pekhanug sa ingud”. Pinutol sa gubat, naririnig sa nayon.
(Cut in the forest but can be heard in the town).
Answer: pipidaw / kabo (propeller / drum)
2. “Isa ka walay, palaya opaw”. Sa isang bahay lahat kalbo.
(Everybody living in the house is bald.)
Answer: kogit (match)
3. “Di taw, di pagigimo, ipulalakaw niyan a buk iyan”. Hindi tao, hindi hayop, buhok
ang inilalakad.
(Not a person, not a thing but walks by its hair.)
Answer: tar’mbabak (waterlilies)
4. “Somagad so mangoda na mamaripik so raga”. Dumaan ang binata, kinilig ang
dalaga.
(Bachelor passing by, lass giggles).
Answer: n’do (air)
5. “Buk I Adam, di khabilang.” Buhok ni Adan, hindi mabilang.
(Adam's hair, you can't count.)
Answer: oran (rain)

6. CHANTS (Bulong)
Chants are used in witchcraft and enchantments. Our ancestors also believe in
unseen spirits or elemental spirits like dwarfs. They give respect, ask for
permission, and excuse or apology to these spirits in order to deliver them from
trouble and danger.
 Example of chants
Phanabiya ako rkano mga tongkayatao, pagokit ako na oba ko skano karimpasi.
(Maranao)
Tabi, tabi po, Ingkong, makikiraan po lamang. (Tagalog)
Bari-bari Apo, umisbo lang ti tao. (Ilokano)

7. EPICS
Philippine epics are varied and filled with magical characters. They are either
narratives of mostly mythical objects, persons or certain places, or telling
supernatural events and bravery of heroes, customs and ideologies of a
community.

Example of Epic
Bantugan of Maranao tribe is a long narrative epic about Prince
Bantugan, the greatest warrior in the kingdom of Bumbaran. After
successfully defending his kingdom against the invaders, he decided to left
for he knew that was hated by his elder brother, the king. His adventure
in the Kingdom-Between-Two-Seas, after courting the beautiful but
sorceress Princess Datimbang, he died but his soul revived by Prince
Madali, his brother.

Let us Learn

Congratulations guys for reading and comprehending Activity 2. This time,

3.1. Ask your folks in your community or province for any example of the literary
forms in the pre-colonial period.

3.2. Retell the story to your family.

3.3. Ask one of your family members to take a picture while storytelling.
3.4. Print the picture and attached it to the back of your written chosen literary text.

Put it in Application

Perform the given tasks. You may engage your siblings and parents, or whoever
individuals you are comfortable to share with.

4.1. Identify the literary form of each of the following:

1. Kawto, katii dun (there it is, here it is)
2. Ino pun makatukak (he who cackled
 Ka aya miyakaorak (laid the egg)
3. The Origin of the World (Maranaw of Mindanao)
4. The Legend of Lanao
5. Indarapatra and Sulayman

Activity 4.2. Involve parents or siblings in the Bugtungan game. Ask them again if
they remember any riddles (bugtong) in any dialect they know. Ask for a tagalog
translation of that riddle. Then, write the answer of that riddle. Use the table as your
guide in answering.

Riddle (Bugtong) Tagalog Translation Answer

1.

2.

EVALUATION

5.1. Share a Maranao proverb and reflect on the given advice. You may use the
table below as your guide in answering.

Maranao Proverb Advice / Thought

5.2. Promote the ethnic dimensions of Philippine pre-colonial literature. Express it

through a hashtag (not more than 10 characters). Be creative. Write it in a
short bond paper.

Let’s Reflect!
5.2. In one short paragraph, write your significant learnings about the ethnic
dimensions of pre-colonial period.

RUBRICS
(To be used for evaluation
10-8 7-5 4-1
Content indicates synthesis of Content indicates thinking Shows some thinking and
ideas, in depth analysis and and reasoning applied with reasoning but most ideas
evidences, original thought and original thought on a few are underdeveloped
support for the topic. ideas
 ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST (AC)
(To be accomplished by a parent or guardian)

Subject Matter: Dimensions of Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial Period

Check ( ) the appropriate observation that corresponds to your child’s

performance in the accomplishment of the activities.

OBSERVATION

Accomplished

Accomplished

Accomplished
Partially
Parent’s/
Bases for Evaluation

Fully
Not
Guardian’s
Remarks

Activity 1
The student read and understood the
literary history in the pre-colonial period.
Activity 2
The student read and comprehended the
different literary forms during the pre-
colonial period.
Activity 3
3.1. The student asked their folks in his/her
community or province for any example
of the literary forms in the pre-colonial
period.
3.2. The student retold the story to his/her
family.
3.3. The student asked one of his/her family
members to take a picture while
storytelling.
3.4. The student printed the picture and
attached it to the back of his/her written
chosen literary text.
Activity 4
4.1. The student identified the literary forms
of the given literary texts.
4.2. The student involved hi/her parents in
formulating a local riddle and its Tagalog
version.
Activity 5
5.1. The student shared a Maranao
proverb and reflect on the given
advice.
5.2. The student promoted the ethnic
dimensions of Philippine pre-colonial
literature then expressed it through a
hashtag (not more than 10
 characters). Be creative. Write it in a
short bond paper.
5.3. The student wrote a short paragraph
about their significant learnings on
Philippine literature during pre-
Spanish era.

______________________________________________
Name and Signature of Parent or Guardian