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2 1 Axial Loading
2 1 Axial Loading
2 1 Axial Loading
CHAPTER MECHANICS OF
SOLIDS
2 Dr. Javed A. Chattha
Dean FME
Stress and Strain
– Axial Loading
Fig. 2.1
Fig. 2.3
Fig. 2.4
P 2P P P
σ= = stress σ= = σ=
A 2A A A
δ δ 2δ δ
ε= = normal strain ε= ε= =
L L 2L L
GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences. 2- 4
Edition
Fifth
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS – ME 213 CHAPTER-2
Stress-Strain Test
Fig 2.7 This machine is used to test tensile test specimens, Fig 2.8 Test specimen with tensile load.
such as those shown in this chapter.
Fig. 2.18
Fig. 2.21
SOLUTION:
• Divide the rod into components at
the load application points.
P2 = −15 × 103 lb
P3 = 30 × 103 lb
Pi Li 1 ⎛ P1L1 P2 L2 P3 L3 ⎞
δ =∑ = ⎜⎜ + + ⎟⎟
A
i i iE E ⎝ 1A A 2 A 3 ⎠
=
1 ( ) ( ) (
⎡ 60 × 103 12 − 15 × 103 12 30 × 103 16 ⎤
+ +
)
6⎢ ⎥
29 × 10 ⎣⎢ 0.9 0 .9 0 .3 ⎦⎥
= 75.9 × 10−3 in.
L1 = L2 = 12 in. L3 = 16 in.
δ = 75.9 × 10−3 in.
A1 = A2 = 0.9 in 2 A3 = 0.3 in 2
SOLUTION:
• Apply a free-body analysis to the bar
BDE to find the forces exerted by
links AB and DC.
• Evaluate the deformation of links AB
The rigid bar BDE is supported by two and DC or the displacements of B
links AB and CD. and D.
δ D = 0.300 mm ↓
BB′ BH
=
DD′ HD
0.514 mm (200 mm ) − x
=
0.300 mm x
x = 73.7 mm
EE ′ HE
=
DD′ HD
δE
=
(400 + 73.7 )mm
0.300 mm 73.7 mm
δ E = 1.928 mm
δ E = 1.928 mm ↓
SOLUTION:
• Consider the reaction at B as redundant, release
the bar from that support, and solve for the
displacement at B due to the applied loads.
Pi Li 1.125 × 109
δL = ∑ =
A
i i iE E
A1 = 400 × 10 − 6 m 2 A2 = 250 × 10 − 6 m 2
L1 = L2 = 0.300 m
δR = ∑
Pi Li
=−
(
1.95 × 103 RB )
A
i i iE E
GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences. 2- 19
Edition
Fifth
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS – ME 213 CHAPTER-2
Example 2.04
• Require that the displacements due to the loads and due to
the redundant reaction be compatible,
δ = δL +δR = 0
δ = −
( )
1.125 × 109 1.95 × 103 RB
=0
E E
RB = 577 × 103 N = 577 kN
R A = 323 kN
RB = 577 kN