MATH 1: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

I. FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
A. CARTESIAN PLANE COORDINATE SYSTEM

Quadrant I Quadrant II Quadrant III Quadrant IV

x + - - +
y + + - -

Example given for a single point:

1. (-2, 5) = Quadrant II
2. (2, -5) = Quadrant IV
3. (-2, -5) = Quadrant III
4. (2, 5) = Quadrant I
5. x2= 4 , y2=25
x=2,y=5
(2, 5) = Quadrant I

Example given for two points:

1. Solve for point A as x2 = 2x2-4 and y3 = 125 and point B as x3 = 125 and 3y = -27.
Answer:
MATH 1: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

Graph:

3𝑥 2 +2
2. Solve for point A as 16 = 𝑥2
and 6 = 2(y+7) and point B as x = 6x-8 and y2 = 25.
Answer:

Graph:
MATH 1: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

3. Solve for point A and B as 2x2+x-6=0 and y2+11y+30=0.

Answer:

Graph:

B. DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS

Case 1: Horizontal line distance formula: 𝒅 = |𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 |
Case 2: Vertical line distance formula: 𝒅 = |𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 |
Case 1: Slant line distance formula: 𝒅 = √(𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 )𝟐 + (𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 )𝟐
MATH 1: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

Refer to the answers above. Solve for their distance.

1. Solve for the distance of point A as x2 = 2x2-4 and y3 = 125 and
point B as x3 = 125 and 3y = -27.
Answer:

3𝑥 2 +2
2. Solve for the distance of point A as 16 = 𝑥2
and 6 = 2(y+7) and
2
point B as x = 6x-8 and y = 25.
Answer:

3. Solve for the distance of point A and B as 2x2+x-6=0 and y2+11y+30=0.

Answer:

C. MIDPOINT OF A LINE SEGMENT

MATH 1: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

Refer to the answers above. Solve for their distance.

1. Solve for the midpoint of point A as
x2 = 2x2-4 and y3 = 125 and point B as
x3 = 125 and 3y = -27.
A (2, 5), B(5, -9)
x1= 2 x2= 5 y1=5 y2= -9

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑀=( , )
2 2
2+5 5−9
𝑀=( , )
2 2
7 −4
𝑀=( , )
2 2
𝑀 = (3.5, −2)

3𝑥 2 +2
2. Solve for the distance of point A as 16 = 𝑥2
and
2
6 = 2(y+7) and point B as x = 6x-8 and y = 25.
A (0.39, -4), B(1.6, 5)
x1= 0.39 x2= 1.6 y1= -4 y2= 5

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑀=( , )
2 2
0.39 + 1.6 −4 + 5
𝑀=( , )
2 2
1.99 1
𝑀=( , )
2 2
𝑀 = (0.995, 0.5)

3. Solve for the distance of point A and B as

2x2+x-6=0 and y2+11y+30=0.
A (1.5, -2), B(-5, -6)
x1= 1.5 x2= -5 y1= -2 y2= -6

𝑥1 + 𝑥2 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑀=( , )
2 2
1.5 − 5 −2 − 6
𝑀=( , )
2 2
−3.5 −8
𝑀=( , )
2 2
𝑀 = (−1.75, −4)

D. INCLINATION AND SLOPE OF A LINE

MATH 1: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

Inclination: Inclination is an angle made by a straight line with the direction of x-axis.
Inclination of a line: The inclination of a nonhorizontal line is the positive angle θ with θ less than 180
degrees and measured counterclockwise from the x-axis to the line.
https://intl.siyavula.com/read/maths/grade-11/analytical-geometry/04-analytical-geometry-03
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sRONjyYhZ3I
Slope of a line: The slope of a line gives the measure of its steepness and direction.
𝑦 −𝑦
Slope formula: 𝑚 = 𝑥2 −𝑥1
2 1
Parallel lines (non-vertical lines): Slopes are equal (A//B).

˔
Perpendicular lines (vertical lines): Slopes are negative reciprocal (A B).

Refer to the answers above. Solve for their distance.

1. Solve for the slope of point A as
x2 = 2x2-4 and y3 = 125 and point B as
x3 = 125 and 3y = -27.
A (2, 5), B(5, -9)
x1= 2 x2= 5 y1=5 y2= -9
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
−9 − 5
𝑚=
5−2
−14
𝑚=
9
𝑚 = −1.56
MATH 1: ANALYTIC GEOMETRY
3𝑥 2 +2
2. Solve for the distance of point A as 16 = and
𝑥2
2
6 = 2(y+7) and point B as x = 6x-8 and y = 25.
A (0.39, -4), B(1.6, 5)
x1= 0.39 x2= 1.6 y1= -4 y2= 5
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
5 − (−4)
𝑚=
1.6 − 0.39
5+4
𝑚=
1.6 − 0.39
9
𝑚=
1.99
𝑚 = 4.52

3. Solve for the distance of point A and B as

2x2+x-6=0 and y2+11y+30=0.
A (1.5, -2), B(-5, -6)
x1= 1.5 x2= -5 y1= -2 y2= -6
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
−6 − (−2)
𝑚=
−5 − 1.5
6+2
𝑚=
−5 − 1.5
8
𝑚=
−6.5
𝑚 = −1.23