Math - Q2 Lesson

SIMPLIFYING FRACTIONS ADD or SUBTRACT SIMILAR FRACTIONS

To add or subtract fractions with like denominators:

SIMPLIFY means to reduce a fraction to its simplest or lowest
form.
SIMPLEST FORM when:
- The numerator and denominator do not have any
common factors besides 1 or when the only common
- If the denominators are already the same, then you’re
ready to add or subtract.
- Add or subtract the numerators. Keep the
denominators the name.
- Simplify (reduce) the fraction, if possible.
- If you end up with an improper fraction, change it to a
mix number.

factor between the 2 or more number is 1.

- The numerator is 1
- The numerator is 1 less than the denominator (counting
order).

WRITING FRACTIONS IN SIMPLEST FORM

1. Find the GCF or greatest common factor of the numerator
and denominator.
2. Divide both the numbers by the GCF.
Math - Q2 Lesson
ADD AND SUBTRACT DISSIMILAR FRACTIONS
1. Change the dissimilar to similar fractions
2. Add/subtract the fractions
3. Add/subtract the whole numbers
4. Always express the answer in lowest term
SUBTRACTING FRACTION FROM A WHOLE NUMBER
 A whole number can be renamed as mixed number
with a fraction as 1.
 To subtract a fraction or a mixed number from a
whole number, rename the whole number as a
fraction whose denominator is the same as the
given fraction or mixed number.

Example 1 Example 2

5- 2
1
3 6- 3
5
6

3 1 6 5
4 −2 5 −3
3 3 6 6

1 1
2 2
3 6
Math - Q2 Lesson
STEPS IN SOLVING WORD PROBLEM
a. What is asked?
b. What is/are given?
c. What is/are operation/s to be used?
d. Number sentence
e. Solution and answer
FRACTIONS AND DECIMALS
Decimals are related to fractions because they also
represent numbers less than 1.
When do we use fractions?
Telling time
Cooking/Recipes

after four
cups flour (a quarter after four)

Measuring Length Reading Music

inches
note

When do we use Decimals?

Prices Pi
3.141592…

Gas Amounts Sports

18.8959 gallons

0.375 – baseball

batting averages
Math - Q2 Lesson
DECIMAL FRACTIONS - Fractions whose denominators Decimal Fractions using number line
are powers of 10.
Decimal values can be written as a decimal fraction.

4 Fractions can be renamed as decimals.

10 0.4

Changing fractions into decimals.

7
100 0.07 Changing decimals into fractions.
Math - Q2 Lesson
PLACE VALUE READING DECIMALS
- Saying what you see before the decimal
- Say “and” for the decimal point
- Say what you see after the decimal
- Say the place value of the final digit
- It is important in reading money values
Examples:
Math - Q2 Lesson
COMPARING DECIMALS - You can write the numbers being compared
vertically by aligning the decimal points.
- To compare decimals, start comparing the whole
numbers.
- If the whole numbers are the same, compare
the decimal parts beginning with the tenths and
so on.
ORDERING DECIMALS
Increasing Order – arranging from least to greatest
Decreasing Order – arranging from greatest to least
Math - Q2 Lesson
ROUNDING DECIMAL NUMBERS
- When rounding decimals, it is first necessary to
find the place value you are rounding to.
- The digit that follows will tell you whether you
should round up or leave the digit the same.
- If the digit is 5 or higher, round up by one.
- If the digit is 4 or lower, leave the same.
- Digits past the rounded digit are not recorded in
the recorded number.
- When rounding, it is helpful if you:
o Circle the place value you are rounding to.
o Underline the digit that follows. It is the digit
that tell you to round up or leave the same.

Examples:
Math - Q2 Lesson
POINTS, LINES, LINE SEGMENTS, RAYS AND ANGLES 5. ANGLE is formed when two endpoints of two rays
meet at one point. The point is called the vertex.
The architects used portions of lines to design
structures like bridges.

GEOMETRIC IDEAS
1. POINT represents an exact location in space. We
use dot to symbolize a point and a capital letter to
name it.
6. PLANE is a flat two-dimensional surface which
.
A contains points, lines segments. Plane figures are
(point A) closed.
It is represented by a shape that looks like a
2. LINE - a straight path that goes on in both tablecloth or wall.
directions. We use two points to name a line. Examples: walls, desktops, floors and paper etc.

3. LINE SEGMENT is part of a line that has two

endpoints.

4. RAY is a part of a line that has one endpoint and

goes on in one direction.
Math - Q2 Lesson
KINDS OF LINES 3. PERPENDICULAR LINES are two lines that cross to
1. PARALLEL LINES are lines that never intersect. The form a right angle or 90⸰.
two lines are equidistant to each other that is why
they never meet.

2. INTERSECTING LINES are lines that cross at any

point. It does not measures 90⸰.
Math - Q2 Lesson
ANGLES AND THEIR MEASURE

To measure angles, we use a protractor.

Kinds of Angles:
1. RIGHT ANGLE if angle measures 90⸰.

2. ACUTE ANGLE if angle measures between 0⸰ to 90⸰

These are angles less than 90⸰.

3. OBTUSE ANGLE if angle measures between 90⸰ to

180⸰
These are angles greater than 90⸰ but less than 180⸰

4. STRAIGHT ANGLE if angle is 180⸰. How to use a protractor?

Math - Q2 Lesson
1. You need to make sure the protractor is lined up 4. Read from the 90⸰, and follow the inner set of
correctly. Is this ready to measure the angle? numbers.

2. Look at the upside down “T” in the middle of the

straight line on your protractor.
This needs to be exactly at the vertex of your angle.

3. It doesn’t matter which way around the angle is, you

ALWAYS need to line the upside down “T” to the
vertex of the angle.
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