Chapter 27

Atoms

Solutions

SECTION - A
1. Answer (1)

⎛ 1 1⎞
E  13.6⎜ 2 – 2 ⎟
⎜n ⎟
⎝ 1 n2 ⎠

2. Answer (2)

1 ⎛ 1 1⎞
 R⎜ 2 – 2 ⎟
 ⎜n ⎟
⎝ 1 n2 ⎠

1 ⎛ 1 1⎞ ⎡ 20 ⎤
 R⎜ – ⎟  R⎢
1 ⎝ 16 36 ⎠ ⎣16  36 ⎥⎦

1 ⎛1 1 ⎞ ⎡ 7 ⎤ 1 7
 R⎜ – ⎟  R⎢ , 
2 ⎝ 9 16 ⎠ ⎣ 9  16 ⎥⎦ 2 5

3. Answer (3)

4. Answer (3)
r  n2
T  n3
rT  n5

5. Answer (2)
E3n – E1 = 404
Maximum energy will emit when electron comes to ground state
E1 – E3n = 404

E1
E1   404
9n2
⎛ 9n2  1 ⎞
E1 ⎜ ⎟  404 (i)
⎝ 9n2 ⎠
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Solutions of Assignment Atoms 29
again
En – E3n = 40.4

⎡1 1 ⎤
E1 ⎢ 2  2 ⎥  40.4
⎣n 9n ⎦
⎡ 8 ⎤
E1 ⎢ 2 ⎥  40.4 (ii)
⎣ 9n ⎦
Dividing (i) by (ii)

9n2  1
 10
8
9n2 = 81
n2 = 9
n=3

6. Answer (4)
T  n3

Ln

∴ L  T1/3

7. Answer (2)
Potential energy = 2 × total energy

8. Answer (3)
E1 = 3E – 2E = E = h (i)

3 E
E2 = 2E – E = h  (ii)
2 2

Divide (i) by (ii)


 
2
Frequency must be half of 1st case.

9. Answer (3)

1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
 R⎜ 2 – 2 ⎟⎟
 ⎜
⎝ n1 n2 ⎠

1 ⎛1 1 ⎞
 R⎜ – 2 ⎟
1 ⎝1 2 ⎠
4
1 
3R
1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
 R⎜ 2 – 2 ⎟
2 ⎝2  ⎠

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30 Atoms Solutions of Assignment

4
2 
R
1 4 R 1
  
 2 3R 4 3

10. Answer (2)

For 7th excited state n = 8

n(n – 1)
Number of lines =
2
8(8 – 1)
=
2
= 4 × 7 = 28

11. Answer (1)

Z
v
n
v1 Z1 n2
 
v 2 n1 Z2

v1 1 1 1
  
v2 2 3 6
v2 = 6v1 = 6v

12. Answer (2)

1
v
n
and
r n2

r
 n3
v

13. Answer (3)

14. Answer (2)

15. Answer (2)

(EC  EB )  (EB  EA )  EC  EA

hc hc hc 
  ⇒ 3  1 2
1  2 3 1  2

16. Answer (1)

17. Answer (4)

13.6 13.4
En    3.4 eV
2 4
n

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Solutions of Assignment Atoms 31
18. Answer (1)
1
r0 
m

19. Answer (4)

 cannot be attracted by nucleus.

20. Answer (2)

1 ⎡ 1 1 ⎤ 3R 16
 R⎢   ⇒
 2 2⎥ 16 3 R
⎣2 4 ⎦

21. Answer (2)

n(n  1) 3  2
n  3
2 2

22. Answer (3)

1 ⎡ 1 1⎤
 R⎢  ⎥ For first law of Lyman n = 1, n = 2 For first law of Balmer n = 2, n = 3
 2 2
⎣⎢ n1 n2 ⎥⎦
1 2 1 2


Lyman 5

 27
Balmer

23. Answer (4)

1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
 RZ 2 ⎜  ⎟
2
 ⎝1 22 ⎠
For Di-ionised lithium the value of Z is maximum

24. Answer (3)

r n2

25. Answer (1)

26. Answer (4)

IR  uv and wavelength of emitted rediation

1

E

27. Answer (4)

E = Z2 × (–13.6) eV = –122.4 eV
Energy required E = E – E1
= 0 –(–122.4) = 122.4 eV

28. Answer (2)

Potential energy = 2 (Total energy) = – 27.2 eV
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32 Atoms Solutions of Assignment

29. Answer (3)

1 ⎡ 1 1⎤
 RZ 2 ⎢  ⎥
 ⎢⎣ n12 n22 ⎥⎦

30. Answer (1)

31. Answer (3)

0 I
B
2r
I
B
r
e
B
Tr

Z3
 B
n5

32. Answer (4)

2

T
2

n 3T0

1

n3
1 n23 33 27
  
2 n13 13 1

SECTION - B
1. Answer (4)

1
rn 
m
0.51
r   2.56  10 13 m
 207
E  me
(E) = –13.6 × 207
= –2.8 keV

2. Answer (3)
In Bohr's model of H atom

U
 K.E.  TE 
2
 K.E. = 3.4 eV
U = –6.8 eV
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Solutions of Assignment Atoms 33
3. Answer (2)
KE = –(total energy)
So, kinetic energy : Total energy = 1 : –1.

4. Answer (3)
1 ⎡1 1 ⎤
For last Balmer series, R⎢ 2  2⎥
b ⎣2  ⎦
4
b 
R
1 ⎡1 1 ⎤
For last Lyman series,  R⎢ 2  2⎥
l ⎣1  ⎦
1
l 
R
4
b R

l 1
R

b
4
l

5. Answer (3)
1

⎛ 1 1 ⎞
R⎜ 2 – 2 ⎟
⎝2 3 ⎠

1
' 
⎛ 1 1 ⎞
R⎜ 2 – 2 ⎟
⎝3 4 ⎠

⎛ 1 1 ⎞
–
 ' ⎜⎝ 22 32 ⎟⎠
 20
 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞  ' 
⎜ 2 – 2⎟ 7
⎝3 4 ⎠

6. Answer (2)
Initial kinetic energy = potential energy at closest approach

1 2Ze 2 1
mv 2   r0 
2 4 0 r0 m

7. Answer (4)
RH = 107m–1
Last line n2 = , n1 = 2

1 4
 = m  0.25  107 m1
⎛ 1 ⎞ 7
RH ⎜  0 ⎟ 10
⎝4 ⎠
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34 Atoms Solutions of Assignment

8. Answer (3)
For hydrogen like atom

2KZe 2
Vn 
nh
C Z 2.2  106  2
Vn    1.46  106 m/s
137 n 3

9. Answer (3)

1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞ 1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
 R⎜  ⎟   1.097  107 ⎜  ⎟
 ⎜ 2 2 ⎟ 975  10  10 ⎜ 2
n22 ⎟⎠
⎝ n1 n2 ⎠ ⎝1

n2 = 4
n(n  1)
Number of spectral line = 6
2

10. Answer (4)

11. Answer (2)

1 1

 2 9 16

1 1 1

4 9

1 20
 
2 7

12. Answer (3)

As per conservation of momentum
Momentum of photon = Momentum of atom

h
  mv

h h ⎡1 1⎤
 v  RZ 2 ⎢ 2  2 ⎥
m m ⎣1 5 ⎦

hR 24
 v
25 m

13. Answer (4)

Energy released in this range is of infrared frequency range.

14. Answer (1)

There are 2 equation and 2 unknown

1 ⎡1 1⎤
 R⎢ 2  2⎥ ...(i)
 ⎣1 2 ⎦
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Solutions of Assignment Atoms 35

1 ⎡1 1⎤
also,  RZ 2 ⎢ 2  2 ⎥ ....(ii)
 ⎣2 4 ⎦
on comparing (i) and (ii), we get Z = 2.

15. Answer (4)

13.6
–13.6 + 10 + 2.75 = –0.85 =
n2
 n=4

16. Answer (4)

Only the fourth is not available for any ionisation.

17. Answer (2)

E0
E = Z2
He + 2
n
4
 13.6 
4
= −13.6 eV

18. Answer (3)

1 Ze 2
r0 
40 1
mv 2
2

19. Answer (4)

⎡1 1 ⎤
Energy of radiation = 13.6 ⎢ 1  2 ⎥
⎣1 3 ⎦
⎡8⎤
 13.6 ⎢ ⎥
⎣9⎦
= 12.08 eV
KEmax = E – w0
= 12.08 – 5.1
= 6.98 eV

20. Answer (3)

n ⋅ (n − 1)
The shell as state of an atom is =6
2
n=4
The lowest energy change will correspond the maximum wavelength.

21. Answer (2)

22. Answer (4)

⎛ 1⎞
Energy absorbed for electron to go to 2nd shell is E  13.6 ⎜ 1  2 ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
E = 10.2 eV
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36 Atoms Solutions of Assignment

23. Answer (2)

PE
KE =
2n 2

27.2
KE = n=2
2  n2
= 3.4 eV

24. Answer (2)

Electrons are excited by 12.1 eV radiation. New PE of electron = –(13.6 – 12.1) = –1.5 eV
This is the energy corresponding to n = 3
n(n − 1)
Hence number of spectral lines =3
2
25. Answer (2)

26. Answer (2)

1 ⎡ 1 1⎤
 R⎢ 2  2 ⎥
3 ⎣⎢ nC nA ⎦⎥

1 ⎡ 1 1⎤
 R⎢ 2  2 ⎥
1 ⎢⎣ nC nB ⎥⎦

1 ⎡ 1 1⎤
 R⎢ 2  2 ⎥
2 ⎣⎢ nB nA ⎦⎥

1 1 1
= +
λ 3 λ 2 λ1
1 λλ
= 1 2
λ3 λ1 + λ 2

27. Answer (4)

28. Answer (3)

29. Answer (4)

Transition is from n = 4 to n = 2 of hydrogen atom
1 ⎛ 1 1 ⎞
 R⎜ 2  2 ⎟
 ⎝2 4 ⎠
1 R
=
λ 16
16
λ=
3R

30. Answer (4)

The potential energy increases when the electron is taken to a higher shell.
The kinetic energy or velocity of the electron decreases.

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Solutions of Assignment Atoms 37
31. Answer (3)
Only 1, 2, 3rd lines will be there in the absorption spectrum as those are the only line which include the ground
state. In absorption a non-excited or ground-state atom absorbs energy and the electron goes into an excited state.

32. Answer (2)

Energy in ground state hydrogen atom = –13.6 eV

13.6
In n = 2, E = – = –3.4 eV
n2

33. Answer (4)

r = 0.53n2. Here r  n2

34. Answer (2)

r = 0.53n2

At first excited level, n = 2

r = 0.53 × 4

r = 2.1 Å

35. Answer (3)

Taking weighed mean
10.81 = 10x + 11(1 – x)
10.81 = 10x +11 – 11x
10.81 = 11 – x

x = 11 – 10.81
x = 0.19 or 19%
(x) : (1 – x) = 19 : 81

36. Answer (1)

mv 2 1 e2
=
a0 4 πε0 a02
e
v=
4πε0 a0 ⋅ m

37. Answer (1)

⎛ 1 1 ⎞
Maximum frequency is obtained for maximum energy difference in levels E  13.6 ⎜⎜ 2  2 ⎟⎟
⎝ nf ni ⎠
The values of nf and ni for which this is maximum is nf = 1 and ni = 2.

38. Answer (2)

Fact.

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38 Atoms Solutions of Assignment

39. Answer (1)

Energy in hydrogen like atom is given by En × Z2
Since Z = 2 in helium
E = En × 4

40. Answer (1)

1
r ∝
Z
Since in lithium Z = 3

41. Answer (1)

Fact.
42. Answer (4)

⎡1 1⎤
E  13.6 ⎢ 2  2 ⎥  1.9 eV
⎣2 3 ⎦

43. Answer (1)

n2
r
Z
42
If rH is 1 rHe = =8
2
 rH : rHe =1:8

44. Answer (4)

E = E0 × Z2 for hydrogen like atom.

45. Answer (2)

1 ⎡1 1 ⎤ 5R
R⎢ 2  2⎥ 
0 ⎣2 3 ⎦ 36

1 ⎡1 1⎤ ⎡ 4  1⎤
 R⎢ 2  2⎥ R⎢ ⎥
 ⎣2 4 ⎦ ⎣ 16 ⎦

1 R3
or =
λ 16

20
λ= λ0
27

46. Answer (2)

1 ⎡1 1⎤
R⎢ 2  2⎥
B ⎣1 2 ⎦

1 ⎡1 1⎤
R⎢ 2  2⎥
P ⎣3 4 ⎦
Solve B : P
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Solutions of Assignment Atoms 39
47. Answer (1)
1 ⎡ 1 1⎤
R⎢ 2  ⎥
min ⎣1  ⎦
1 1
=
λmin R

48. Answer (1)

49. Answer (2)

⎡1 1⎤
E = 13.6 × Z2 ⎢ 2  2 ⎥
⎣1 2 ⎦
Put Z = 3 and solve for energy to get the answer.

50. Answer (4)

n(n + 1)
The emission transition lines between any two shells is given by
2
Since there are 3 absorption lines the shell 3 is mentioned here.

51. Answer (3)

This is the transition from 3rd shell to the first
3h h h
Change in angular momentum = − =
2π 2π π

SECTION - C
1. Answer (1)
2. Answer (1)
3. Answer (1)
4. Answer (2)
5. Answer (1)
6. Answer (1)
7. Answer (1)
8. Answer (1)
9. Answer (2)
The nature of the characteristic X-rays does not depend on characteristic accelerates potential but on the
material. Both statements are true, independent facts.

10. Answer (3)

If vacuum is created inside the tube the emitted electrons will not hit the molecules of air and will hit target
to produce X-rays.

11. Answer (1)

12. Answer (1)

13. Answer (1)

  
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