PERSONAL PRONOUNS

AS SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS

NUR RAHMIANI
IAIN PONTIANAK
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
WHAT ARE PERSONAL PRONOUNS?
Personal pronouns: pronouns are used both in their
position as subjects or objects which referred to
humans, animals, plants, or other things.
Please remember these basic personal pronouns below to
enhance your pronouns comprehending:
Personal Pronouns (Indonesian) Personal Pronouns (English) Examples
Saya I I read a book.
Kamu/Kalian You You read a book.
Mereka They They play football.
Kami/Kita We We play football.
Dia (Perempuan) She She eats fresh fish.
Dia (Laki-Laki) He He eats fresh fish.
Dia (benda atau hewan) It It eats fresh fish.
Can you differ the use of personal pronouns in
subject and object positions?
Personal Pronouns as Subjects (PPS) refer to the core discussion or the
subject of conversation, in particular, can be actors or the persons who
do some action or can be a cause of action. Examples:
• I (PPS) wear a face mask.
• You (PPS) wear a face mask.
• We (PPS) wear a face mask.
• He (PPS) wears a face mask.
Form of PPS
PPS is always in the beginning of the sentence.
You may follow the structure of tenses. Example:
Simple Future
1. S (PPS) + V1 (Verbal form) or It depends on the tense
2. S (PPS) + to be + O/Adj/Adv (Nominal form)
or It depends on the tense
Example:
1. I wear a face mask.
2. I am a student.
The use of PPS can be differed in several
situation.
1. Because of number
• Singular : person or thing is only one (I, You, He, She, It)

• Plural : person or thing is more than one (You, We, They)

2. Because of gender
• Masculine : refers to men, boys, or gentlemen (He, You, We, They)

• Feminine : to women, girls, or ladies (She, You, We, They)

• Neutral : can be things or animals that are not supposed to a gender selection (It, They)
Personal Pronouns as Objects (PPO) refer to pronouns of something that
can be targets of actors or complements of the verb. Examples:
• Tolong dengarkan saya! → Please listen to me (PPO)!
• Saya senang bertemu denganmu. → I am glad to see you (PPO).
• Saya akan mengajak mereka berkemah. → I will invite them camping
(PPO).
• Saya sedang menunggunya. → I am waiting for her (PPO).
So, the form can be detailed in the table below:
Personal Pronouns as Personal Pronouns as
Subject (PPS) Objects (PPO)
I Me
You You
They Them
We Us
She Her
He Him
It It
As noted in the previous explanation, PPO can be
differed in several situation.
1. Because of number
a. Singular : person or thing is only one (Me, You, Him, Her, It)

b. Plural : person or thing is more than one (You, Us, Them)

2. Because of gender
a. Masculine : refers to men, boys, or gentlemen (Him, You, Us, Them)

b. Feminine : to women, girls, or ladies (Her, You, Us, Them)

c. Neutral : can be things or animals that are not supposed to a gender selection (It, Them)
FORM OF PPO
• DIRECT OBJECT
(S+V>depend on the tense)+PPO
Cth: I invite you to join the seminar.
• INDIRECT OBJECT
(S+V>depend on the tense)+PPO+O
Cth: I sent you a letter
• OBJECT OF PREPOSITION
(S+V>depend on the tense)+PREPOSITION+PPO
Cth: I am waiting for her
References
• Pillai, S. S et al. (2008). English Language Teaching. English Language
Teaching First Year. Chennai: Tamilnadu Textbook Corporation
• Altenberg, E. P & Vago, R. M. (2010). English Grammar:
Understanding the Basic. Cambridge: Cambridge.
• DeCapua, A. (2008). Grammar for Teachers. New York: Springer.
Thank You