BAB 8.

SISTEM DAYA UAP

Bagian 1
 Sub sistem A: Konversi energi dari panas ke mekanik
Sub sistem B: Energi masuk menguapkan fluida kerja
Sub sistem C: Energi keluar mengkondensasikan fluida kerja
Sub sistem D: Konversi energi dari mekanik ke elektrik

Siklus daya dengan fluida kerja uap dimana proses terjadi di sekitar kubah uap, dan uap air bergantian
diuapkan dan dikondensasikan berulang-ulang.
 Siklus Uap Karnot

1-2 : Isothermal Expansion / isothermal heat addition or absorption

2-3 : Isentropic (reversible adiabatic) expansion of the gas
(isentropic work output).
3-4 : Isothermal Compression. Heat transferred reversibly to low
temperature reservoir at constant temperature TC. (isothermal
heat rejection)
4-1 : Adiabatic reversible compression
 SIKLUS RANKINE SEDERHANA IDEAL

Proses-Proses Pada Siklus Rankine Ideal (2P-2s):

Turbin : Proses 1 – 2: Ekspansi Isentropik : W t / m = h1 − h2
Kondensor : Proses 2 – 3: Pendinginan Isobarik : Q c / m
 = h2 − h3
Pompa : Proses 3 – 4: Kompresi Isentropik : W p / m = h4 − h3
Ketel : Proses 4 – 1: Pemanasan Isobarik : Q b / m
 = h1 − h4
Asumsi: Pengaruh KE dan PE diabaikan, aliran tunak.
Konvensi tanda: Arah W dan Q positif sesuai dengan arah panah.
Contoh Soal
 Pekerjaan Rumah 1
1. Why is excessive moisture in steam undesirable in steam turbines? What is
the highest moisture content allowed?
2. Why is the Carnot cycle not a realistic model for steam power plants?
3. Water enters the boiler of a steady-flow Carnot engine as a saturated liquid at
180 psia and leaves with a quality of 0.90. Steam leaves the turbine at a
pressure of 14.7 psia. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram relative to the
saturation lines, and determine (a) the thermal efficiency, (b) the quality at the
end of the isothermal heat-rejection process, and (c) the net work output.
4. Water is the working fluid in an ideal Rankine cycle. The condenser pressure
is 8 kPa, and saturated vapor enters the turbine at (a) 18 MPa and (b) 4 MPa.
The net power output of the cycle is 100 MW. Determine for each case the
mass flow rate of steam, in kg/h, the heat transfer rates for the working fluid
passing through the boiler and condenser, each in kW, and the thermal
efficiency.