Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Proff Eng Aviation
Proff Eng Aviation
Proff Eng Aviation
Kyiv 2017
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УДК 811.111:629.73 (076.5)
ББК Ш 143.21я7
F 75
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................4
MODULE I THE HISTORY OF AVIATION INTERNATIONAL
AVIATION ORGANISATIONS. PRINCIPAL STRUCTURAL
UNITS OF THE AIRCRAFT
LESSON 1 THE HISTORY OF AVIATION..........................................5
LESSON 2 INTERNATIONAL AVIATION ORGANISATIONS…....9
LESSON 3 ICAO ALPHABET.............................................................13
LESSON 4 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE.................................................17
LESSON 5 TYPES OF AIRCRAFT......................................................24
MODULE II INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS. AIRPORT
SECURITY
LESSON 1WHEN YOU TRAVEL.......................................................27
LESSON 2 INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS...................................... 31
LESSON 3 AIRPORT SECURITY: 3 D BODY SCANNER...............37
LESSON 4 AIRPORT SECURITY MEASURES.................................41
LESSON 5 BANNED LIQUIDS ON PLANES....................................46
LIST OF REFERENCES................................................................... 50
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INTRODUCTION
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MODULE I THE HISTORY OF AVIATION. INTERNATIONAL
AVIATION ORGANISATIONS. PRINCIPAL STRUCTURAL
UNITS OF THE AIRCRAFT.
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. Look at the following quotes about the history of
flight. What do you understand by them?
“That flight lasted only 12 seconds, but it was nevertheless - the first
time in the history of the world in which a machine carrying a man had
raised itself by its own power into the air in full flight, had sailed
forward without reduction of speed, and had finally landed at a point as
high as that from which it started.”
Orville and Wilbur (1903)
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INPUT
Exercise 3. You are going to watch a video about the History of
Aviation. Familiarize yourself with some information about it and
then discuss the focal events in the history of aviation.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 5. Match the words (1-10) with their definitions (A-H):
1 glider A a military aircraft designed to carry
out bombing missions
2 stealth fighter B is the most modern variation of the
basic gas turbine engine. They are
widely used because of their high
thrust and good fuel efficiency.
3 turbo-fan engine C a fighter that is difficult to detect by
radar; is built for precise targeting
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and uses laser-guided bombs
4 turbo-jet engine D an internal-combustion engine
having radial cylinders that rotate
about a fixed crankshaft
5 biplane E a large impermeable bag inflated
with a lighter-than-air gas, designed
to rise and float in the atmosphere. It
may have a basket or gondola for
carrying passengers
6 rotary engine F a type of gas turbine in which air,
drawn into a combustion chamber by
fans, is rapidly heated by combusted
fuel, creating air pressure that drives
turbines and provides jet propulsion
7 balloon G a type of aeroplane having two sets
of wings, one above the other
8 bomber H a light aircraft that is designed to fly
without using an engine
Exercise 6. The sentences below have been taken from the video
you have just watched. Use the words in the box to fill in the gaps.
a) stealth fighter, b) gliders, c) turbo-fan, d) compressed air, e) turbo-
jet engines, f) supersonic speed, g) unpiloted and piloted
1. More significant advances came at the end of the nineteenth century
when 1) _______ became more well-developed.
2. Lawrence Hargrave then helped develop the rotary engine by
introducing the use of 2) ___________.
3. Also involved in the flight race was Samuel Pierpont Langley, who
attempted several 3) __________ efforts. His Aerodrome was later
considered the first machine capable of flight.
4. They developed new technologies that allowed for pressurized cabins,
more aerodynamic designs, new metals, larger sizes and turbo-jets
capable of 4) ____________.
5. Boeing introduced the B-52 in the 1950s, and this strategic bomber
was equipped with eight 5)_____________, intercontinental range and a
capacity of half a million pounds.
6. Six years later, Boeing developed the revolutionary 747. That wide-
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bodied 6) _________powered commercial airliner became the most
successful model ever created.
7. This also spurred the creation of crafts like Lockheed Martin`s F-117
7)__________.
SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Think of some type of an aircraft or engine. Describe
it to your partner without naming it and let your partner guess.
HOME TASK
Exercise 9. Find out some more additional materials about the
History of Aviation.
Home work suggestions:
Parker, Steve, Science Discoveries: The Wright Brothers and Aviation,
Chelsea House Publishers, NY, 1995.
Joseph, Paul, Inventors: The Wright Brothers, Abdo & Daughters,
Edina, MN, 1997
Web Sites:
NASA Glenn Research Center, UEET Program Student Site
http://www.ueet.nasa.gov/StudentSite/historyofflight.html
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LESSON 2. INTERNATIONAL AVIATION ORGANISATIONS
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. You will read a text about International Aviation
Organizations. Before you read, discuss the following questions.
1. What International Aviation Organizations do you know?
2. What is ICAO and its primary objective?
3. What is EUROCONTROL and its main activities?
4. What do you know about a European initiative (SES)?
5. Is it necessary to have such international organizations as ICAO,
EUROCONTROL, SES? Why?
(A) The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a
United Nations specialized agency, established by States in 1944 to
manage the administration and governance of the Convention on
International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention). ICAO has its
headquarters in Montreal, Canada, with seven regional offices
throughout the world.
The establishment and maintenance of
international Standards and Recommended
Practices (SARPs), as well as Procedures
for Air Navigation (PANS), are fundamental
tenets of the Convention on International
Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention) and a
core aspect of ICAO’s mission and role.
ICAO works with the Convention’s 191
Member States and industry groups to reach
consensus on international civil aviation Standards and Recommended
Practices (SARPs) and policies in support of a safe, efficient, secure,
economically sustainable and environmentally responsible civil
aviation sector. These SARPs and policies are used by ICAO Member
States to ensure that their local civil aviation operations and regulations
conform to global norms, which in turn permits more than 100,000
daily flights in aviation’s global network to operate safely and reliably
in every region of the world.
According to the terms of the Convention, the Organization is made
up of an Assembly, a Council of limited membership with various
subordinate bodies and a Secretariat. The chief officers are the
President of the Council and the Secretary General.
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The Assembly, composed of representatives from all Contracting
States, is the sovereign body of ICAO. It meets every three years,
reviewing in detail the work of the Organization and setting policy for
the coming years. It also votes a triennial budget.
The Council, the governing body which is elected by the Assembly
for a three-year term, is composed of 36 States. The Assembly chooses
the Council Member States under three headings: States of chief
importance in air transport, States which make the largest contribution
to the provision of facilities for air navigation, and States whose
designation will ensure that all major areas of the world are represented.
As the governing body, the Council gives continuing direction to the
work of ICAO.
The Secretariat, headed by a Secretary General, is divided into five
main divisions: the Air Navigation Bureau, the Air Transport Bureau,
the Technical Co-operation Bureau, the Legal Bureau and the Bureau of
Administration and Services. In order that the work of the Secretariat
reflects a truly international perspective, professional-level personnel
are recruited on a broad geographical basis.
ICAO works in close cooperation with other members of the United
Nations family such as the World Meteorological Organization (WMO),
the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Universal Postal
Union (UPU), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World
Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and the International Maritime
Organization (IMO).
(B) EUROCONTROL is the European Organization for the Safety
of Air Navigation and is an inter-governmental organization working
for seamless, pan-European air traffic management.
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It works in close cooperation with civil and military aviation
stakeholders and the European institutions. 5)_____
The Secretariat, headed by a Secretary General, is divided into
five main divisions. 6)____
It provides a legislative framework to meet future safety, capacity
and efficiency needs at a European rather than at a national level.
7)____
From its beginning in 1944 it has grown to an organization with
191 Member States. 8) ____
It is the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation.
9)____
It is the specialized agency of the United Nations whose aim is
the safe and orderly development of all aspects of international
civil aeronautics. 10)____
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 3. Match the words in bold in the text with their
synonyms below :
a) joint, b) partnership, c) occurring every three years, d) administration,
e) fundamental, f) principle, g) adjust, h) independent, i) main office,
j) auxiliary.
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Exercise 6. What do the following abbreviations stand for?
1) SARPs, 2) PANS, 3) ICAO, 4) SES, 5) IMO, 6) UNWTO, 7) WHO,
8) UPU, 9) ITU, 10) WMO.
SPEAKING
Exercise 7. Summarize the text in three paragraphs specifying
the following themes:
1. ICAO`s structure.
2. ICAO and Eurocontrol`s main objectives and functions.
3. SES.
HOME TASK
Exercise 8. Find out some more additional materials about the
International Aviation Organizations and prepare the reports.
Home work suggestions:
www.icao.int/about-icao
www.iata.org
iawa.org/
https://www.eurocontrol.int/
www.icao.int/.../ifalpa_international_federation_of_air_line
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. You are going to watch a video about the ICAO
alphabet. Give your answers to the following questions.
1. Why do pilots have their own alphabet?
2. When did ICAO develop the “phonetic alphabet”?
3. What is the whole idea of developing the “phonetic alphabet”?
4. When was the final choice of code words for the letters of the
alphabet made?
5. What is a similar solution with numbers?
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INPUT
Exercise 2. Read a text about the History of ICAO alphabet and
complete the table with missing information.
Year Organization The use
1927
ICAN
1946 civil aviation
1947-1951
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The coexistence of two spelling alphabets led the International Air
Transport Association (IATA) at its First Technical Conference in Nice
in 1947 to submit for consideration by ICAO a first draft of a proposed
single universal alphabet. During 1948 and 1949, Professor Jean-Paul
Vinay of the Université de Montréal, Canada worked on the problem in
collaboration with the ICAO language section. After those studies,
consultations with communications experts and comments from all of
ICAO’s member governments, a new ICAO alphabet was adopted and
incorporated in the Aeronautical Telecommunications Annex 10 for
implementation on 1 November 1951 in civil aviation, with one year
transition to this new alphabet.
Immediately, problems were found with the newly adopted alphabet.
Some users felt that they were so severe that they reverted to the old
"Able/Baker" alphabet. Because of the complaints, ICAO decided in
1952 to re-examine the question and its member governments (through
airlines, pilots, air traffic controllers, etc.) were invited to collaborate in
further studies and actual tests which could be as objective as possible;
testing was conducted among speakers from 31 countries, principally by
the governments of Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.
The conclusions confirmed strikingly the basic soundness of the
original work. The final version was implemented by ICAO on 1 March
1956, and thus was adopted by many other international and national
organizations, including the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO), ITU, the International Maritime Organization (IMO), etc. The
phonetic alphabet became to be formally known as the International
Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet or the NATO Phonetic Alphabet. It is
commonly referred to as the Alpha/Bravo/Charlie alphabet.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 3. Match the words in bold in the text with their
definitions below. Choose 3 of them and prepare 3 sentences of your
own.
1) joined by treaty, agreement, or common cause____
2) affording a choice of two or more things, propositions, or courses of
action____
3) connected with the sea in relation to navigation, shipping, etc.___
4) something succeeded or replaced by something else____
5) a first or preliminary form of any writing, subject to revision,
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copying, etc.____
6) something created by working jointly with another or others_____
7) a policy of living peacefully with other nations, religions, etc., despite
fundamental disagreements _____
8) eminently, remarkably_____
9) returned to a former habit, practice, belief, condition, etc._____
10) the act of implementing, or putting into effect; fulfillment____.
REVIEW
Exercise 6. You are going to watch the video and listen to the
spelling of aviation phonetic letters. Repeat these letters after the
speaker.
Exercise 7. Spell the following items with the help of the ICAO
letters for your partner to write down:
– the town where you were born
– your full name
– your address
HOME TASK
Exercise 8. Did you know that in the NATO/ICAO scheme it is
not only the letters that are supposed to be pronounced in specified
ways, but also the numbers? Watch the video and give the answers
to the following questions.
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1. What is the proper pronunciation of the numbers 3, 4, 9, 1000?
2. What numbers do we pronounce each digit separately?
3. What exceptions do you know which involve the whole hundreds?
4. How many digits of a frequency must be transmitted?
5. What is the exception in pronunciation of a frequency?
INPUT
Exercise 2. You are going to read a text about “Parts of an
airplane”. Look at these words from the text and match them with
the definitions below (1-14).
a) debris, b) collide with, c) to steer, d) frequency, e) satellite, f) flight
controls, g) pitch, h) thrust, i) to accelerate, j) drag, k) yaw, l)
counteract, m) curvature, n) disrupt
Parts of an airplane
Any vehicle, whether it`s a car, truck, boat, airplane, helicopter or
rocket, is made up of many individual component parts. Some
components are common amongst a variety of vehicles, while others are
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exclusive to specific types. Figure 1 shows a typical airplane with its
major components listed.
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is because the GPS satellites are in Space, and therefore always above
the aircraft.
Cockpit
The cockpit, sometimes referred to as the Flight Deck, is where the
pilots sit. It contains the flight controls, which move the airplane, as
well as all the buttons and switches used to operate the various systems.
Elevator
As the name implies, the elevator helps "elevate" the aircraft. It is
located on the tail and directs the nose of the aircraft. It is located on the
tail and directs the nose of the aircraft either upwards or downwards
(pitch) in order to make the airplane climb and descend.
Empennage
This name stems from the French word "empenner ". The
empennage is the name given to the entire tail section of the aircraft,
including both the horizontal and vertical stabilizers, the rudder and the
elevator.
Engine
An airplane has at least one, or as many as eight engines, which
provide the thrust needed to fly. There are many different makes and
models on aircraft today but all perform the same basic function of
taking the air that's in front of the aircraft, accelerating it and pushing it
out behind the aircraft.
Flap
Flaps are a "high lift / high drag" device. Not only do they improve
the lifting ability of the wing at slower speeds by changing the camber,
or curvature of the wing, but when extended fully they also create more
drag. This means an aircraft can descend (or lose altitude) faster,
without gaining airspeed in the process.
Fuselage
The fuselage, from the French word "fusele" meaning "spindle
shaped", is the portion of the airplane used to literally join, or fuse, the
other parts together. It is commonly thought of as the body of the
aircraft and holds the passengers and cargo safely inside.
Horizontal Stabilizer
The horizontal stabilizer is quite simply an upside-down wing,
designed to provide a downward force (push) on the tail. Airplanes are
traditionally nose-heavy and this downward force is required to
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compensate for that, keeping the nose level with the rest of the aircraft.
Some aircraft can control the angle of the stabilizer and therefore the
level of downward force while in flight, while others are fixed in place.
Rudder
The rudder is attached to the vertical stabilizer, located on the tail of
the aircraft. It works identically to a rudder on a boat, helping to steer
the nose of the aircraft left and right; this motion is referred to as yaw.
Its main purpose is to counteract certain types of drag, or friction,
ensuring that the aircraft's tail follows the nose, rather than sliding out to
the side.
Slat
A slat is a "high lift" device typically found on jet-powered aircraft.
Slats are similar to the flaps except they are mounted on the leading
edge of the wing. They also assist in changing the camber, or curvature
of the wing, to improve lifting ability at slower speeds.
Spoiler
The spoiler's function is to disrupt, or spoil, the flow of air across the
upper surface of the wing. They are usually found on larger aircraft,
which can have two types installed. The in-flight spoilers are small and
designed to reduce the lifting capability of the wing just enough to
allow the aircraft to descend quicker without gaining airspeed. The
ground spoilers typically deploy automatically on landing and are much
larger than their in-flight cousins.
Vertical Stabilizer
The vertical stabilizer is designed to stabilize the left-right motion of
the aircraft. While most aircraft use a single stabilizer, some models use
multiple, smaller stabilizers.
Windshield
The windshield on smaller aircraft is usually made from
polycarbonate, a type of plastic, while pressurized airplanes use a
sandwich of plastic and glass layers, called a laminate, up to 20mm
thick. This is necessary to absorb the impact of birds, insects and other
debris that may collide with the windshield as the airplane flies at close
to the speed of sound.
Wing
The wing provides the majority of the lift an airplane requires for
flight. Its shape is specifically designed for the aircraft to which it is
attached. On most aircraft, the interior of the wing is also used to store
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the fuel required to power the engines.
Winglet
Some aircraft wings have an additional component called a winglet,
which is located at the end of each wing. Its purpose is to reduce the
drag (or air resistance) the wing produces as it pushes through the air.
Wheel
The wheels are another part of the undercarriage, or landing gear.
Typically aircraft wheels are filled with nitrogen instead of air.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 4. The sentences below have been taken from the text
you have just read. Use the words in the box to fill in the gaps.
The vertical stabilizer, spoiler`s, slats, rudder, flaps, engines,
elevator, cockpit, GPS antenna, ailerons, empennage, horizontal
stabilizer
1. The ___________is designed to provide a downward force (push) on
the tail.
2. The ___________ function is to disrupt, or spoil, the flow of air
across the upper surface of the wing
3. The _________ is always mounted to the top of an airplane
4.______ are a "high lift / high drag" device.
5. The _________is the name given to the entire tail section of the
aircraft.
6. The _________ is located on the tail and directs the nose of the
aircraft either upwards or downwards.
7. The _________, sometimes referred to as the Flight Deck, is where
the pilots sit.
8. An airplane has at least one, or as many as eight ________, which
provide the thrust needed to fly.
9. The _______is attached to the vertical stabilizer, located on the tail of
the aircraft.
10. ______ are similar to the flaps except they are mounted on the
leading edge of the wing.
11. _______ roll the aircraft sideways, causing the aircraft to turn.
12. ________ is designed to stabilize the left-right motion of the
aircraft.
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Exercise 5. Match the words on the left with the words on the
right to make plane parts:
1) horizontal………………… a) spoilers
2) in-flight……………………...b) gear
3) ground……………………… c) deck
4) wing……………………....... d) spoiler
5) flight……………………....... e) let
6) trailing..................………… f) edge
7) under....................................... g) stabilizer
8) landing.................................... h) edge
9) leading ................................... i) carriage
SPEAKING
Exercise 6. With a partner, act out the roles. Student A: You are
a flight instructor. Talk to Student B about:
– parts of an aircraft and their functions
– an error he or she makes
Student B: You are a student. Talk to student A about aircraft parts
and their functions.
HOME TASK
Exercise 7. Look at the website and complete the table.
www.ueet.nasa.gov/StudentSite/engines.html
Engine part Function
fan
compressor compresses air and so increases pressure
combustor
turbine
nozzle
Exercise 8. Using the same site, find out about different types of
jet engine. Work in small groups. Each of you should choose a
different engine. Make notes and then prepare a short presentation
for your group to explain how it works and what it is used for.
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LESSON 5. TYPES OF AIRCRAFT
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. Look at the six handouts (photos) related to the
aircraft. Is it important for controllers to be able to identify an
aircraft type? How many of these aircrafts can you identify? Match
the following photos (1-6) with the names:
AN -225 “Mriya”- Gulfstream G 100-
Airbus A 330- Lockheed C-5 Galaxy-
Airbus A 380- Sikorsky S-61 N Helicopter-
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it`s one of the most comfortable and quiet helicopters for passengers
even now.
INPUT
Exercise 3. You are going to listen to part of a talk about the
Airbus A380. Listen and put these points in the order they are
mentioned.
Subject Order
a) the countries which collaborate in
the manufacturing
b) the range without refuelling
c) the size
d) where the plane is put together
e) where the wings are made
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 6. Many adjectives were used by the speaker to describe
the construction of the A380. Add the following adjectives to the
table below: immense, complex, overwhelming, complete, current,
extraordinary, incomplete, standard, easy, past, ugly, tiny.
Adjective Synonym (similar Antonym ( opposite
meaning) meaning)
actual
remarkable
overall
mind-boggling
complicated
enormous
Exercise 7. Match the words on the left with the words on the
right to make phrases relating to the A380:
1) assembly a) area
2) two-deck b) together
3) similar-sized c) cost
4) take-off d) length
5) to be put e) fuselage
6) actual d) weight
7) wing f) electronics
8) the result of g) line
9) overall h) jumbo-jets
10) cockpit i) collaboration
SPEAKING
Exercise 8. You are going to read the other text about aircraft
types. Think of two or three questions you`d like to ask students
about it after reading.
HOME TASK
Exercise 9. Prepare a presentation “Types of general aviation
airplanes”.
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MODULE II INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS. AIRPORT
SECURITY
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. Discuss the questions.
1. Do you ever travel by plane?
2. Do you enjoy it?
3. What do you like/dislike about air travel?
INPUT
Exercise 3. Work in pairs. Write a list of three things you must
and mustn`t do in an airport.
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Ten things NOT to do in an airport
1) Pick the wrong terminal- Most airports have more than one
terminal, so check which terminal you need before your taxi drops you
off and drives away.
2) Annoy the check-in desk- They may be taking a long time, but
getting annoyed with them will get you nowhere.
3) Make jokes about bombs or drugs- You might end up in jail
instead of enjoying your holiday.
4) Take more than one bag- If it says one bag only for hand luggage,
then you can`t bring your handbag and shopping bags, too.
5) Go crazy on liquids- 100 ml is the limit. No extra bottles of
suncream, shampoo and hair conditioner.
6) Waste people`s time- Take off your jewellery, watch and belt before
you go through the X-ray machine, so people don`t have to wait while
you go through the machine again and again.
7) Leave things in the tray- Don’t wait until you get to the departure
gate before you remember that you left your phone, iPod, keys and
passport in the tray.
8) Use the airport internet terminals- They are slow and expensive,
and you`ll soon wish you hadn`t bothered.
9) Shop because you`re bored- You got cheap flights and a budget
hotel, so why waste money on things you don’t need, like giant-sized
chocolate bars?
10) Leave the toilet stop until it`s time to board- You`ll keep the
other passengers waiting, and then have to make that embarrassing walk
down the aisle when you finally board.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 6. You are going to watch a video about Craziest
Things Found by Airport Security. Watch and match the halves (1-
10) with the halves (a-j) to complete the sentences.
1) A coral covered cannonball was determined to be denied
2) The Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport encountered a
man
3) Headlines were ablaze raising questions as
4) In 2010 at Bangkok International Airport in Thailand,
5) It is uncertain if the drug smuggler
6) Officials asked if he had anything else illegal to declare and
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7) The German couple that tried to smuggle them back home after
8) In 2002, a frightening weapon known as a “wheel of pain”
9) With careful examination it was discovered
10) Security decided to physically inspect her with a more than careful
patdown after
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clothed person to detect concealed weapons,
drugs, etc.; frisking
SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Complete the following dialogue with the words and
phrases from the box below:
available flight , cover the cost for, relief, airport shuttle bus, keeping
track, fix, alternative flight, connecting flight
HOME TASK
Exercise 10. A travelers` magazine has asked its readers to send
in short stories entitled: “The best travel experience of my life” (80-
100 words). When writing a story, present the events in the order they
happened. This will help readers follow the story easily.
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LESSON 2. INTERNATIONAL AIPORTS
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. Match the photos (A-F) with the names of
International Airports (1-6).
A) B)
C) D)
E) F)
1) Madeira International Airport, Portugal
2) Denver International Airport, USA
3) Princess Juliana International Airport, Saint Martin
4) Incheon International Airport, South Korea
5) Hamad International Airport, Qatar
6) Congonhas-Sao Paulo Airport, Brazil
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Exercise 2. You are going to watch a presentation about
“Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport”, while watching
think about 3 questions of your own which you can ask your
groupmates.
INPUT
Exercise 3. Read the text about “The most impressive airports”.
One sentence is missing in each of the paragraphs. Mark the
number with a letter. One sentence is extra.
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Exercise 4. Discuss the following question.
1. Did you have a positive or negative experience in the airport? Think
of some interesting/important event concerning airport services that
happened to you at the international airport.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 5. Match the words (1-10) with their synonyms (A-J).
Choose 3 of them and prepare 3 sentences of your own.
1 gateway A unusual
2 benchmark B peculiar
3 accommodate C induce, stimulate
4 striking D exhaust gas flow
5. state-of-the art E a number of vehicles
6 distinctive F advanced, up-to-date
7 evoke G extraordinary
8 jet blast H reference point
9 bizarre I entrance
10 fleet J supply
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and states his/her nationality, age
etc
6 a visa A place at the end of a journey
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SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Look at these problem situations and decide with
your partner what would be the best way to resolve them. Some
questions have more than one possible answer.
Problem 1
When James got to his destination, he unlocked his suitcase using a
key and opened it. He saw that there was nothing inside. He knew that
theft couldn`t have been the reason as his suitcase had been locked the
whole time.
Question: What did James forget to do?
Answer______________________________________________.
Problem 2
A man named Abdul was arrested by airport police because a bomb
was discovered inside his laptop bag.
Question: Where in the airport do you think the bomb was
discovered?
Answer________________________________________________
_____________________.
Problem 3
Sam arrived at the airport and wanted to check in for his 8:00 pm
flight. He was annoyed to see that there were 50 check-in desks, one for
each airline. He couldn`t remember which airline he had booked his
ticket with so he didn`t know which desk to go to.
Question: What should he have taken with him to the airport?
Answer________________________________________________
_____________________.
Problem 4
Sarah went to the airport at 5:30 pm because she was going to fly to
Dubai at 6:00 pm. At the airport she found her check-in desk, waited in
a queue and then checked in. She then made her way to airport security
where she waited in a very long queue. Eventually, she got through
security. She ran to her gate, which was quite far from airport security.
When she got there, she was told that the plane had taken off 30 minutes
before, so she had already missed her flight.
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Question: What was Sarah`s biggest mistake?
Answer________________________________________________
_____________________.
HOME TASK
Exercise 9. Find out additional information about Extraordinary
Airports Around the World.
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. Look at the following quotes about AIRPORT
SECURITY. What do you understand by them?
“The only sure way of dealing with the threat is to talk to every
passenger and find out whether they can tell a convincing account of
their travel plans.”
UK newspaper Daily Mail
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Exercise 3. What do you understand by these phrases? Write
down your answers.
1. 3 seconds____________________________________
2. 95 % ______________________________________
3. for more than 3 decades___________________________________
4. 15-minute check_________________________________________
INPUT
Exercise 4. Look at the following headline. What do you think
this article is about? New Body Scanners See Through Clothes
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Exercise 6. Discuss the following questions.
1. Do you understand why privacy groups are worried?
2. Do you share the civil liberties group's concerns that the scanner
is the same as a virtual strip search?
3. Do you think airport staff would use the scanner for the wrong
purposes?
4. Do famous people need extra attention when passing through the
body scanner?
5. Do you think the 3-D images could end up on the Internet?
6. Do you think air travel will ever be totally free from terrorist attack?
7. What do you think of the current security procedure of metal
detectors and being searched by security officials?
8. What other kinds of security would you like to see at airports?
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 8. Match the words (1-10) with their synonyms (a-j):
1) searched a) hiding
2) mainly b) reach
3) concealing c) touching
4) devices d) created
5) patting e) freedoms
6) raised f) frisked
7) liberties g) machines
8) safequards h) appeal
9) temptation i) precautions
10) end up on online j) largely
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Exercise 9. Match the words and word combinations on the left
with those on the right:
1) searched by new a) questions
2) mainly search for weapons and b) embarrassed
3) radio waves create a 3-D image c) tool for airports
4) they are a brand new security d) high-tech scanners
5) a security quard patting e) much of the naked body
6) the new technology has raised f) their body
7) they say the device can see too g) are good safequards
8) we need to make sure there h) of time
9) she said she was highly i) of someone`s body
10) it seems it`s only a matter j) explosives
SPEAKING
Work in pairs
Exercise 10. You are going to take part in a debate. Students A
strongly support airports using body scanners that can see through
clothes to improve security; Students B are strongly against this.
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HOME TASK
WRITING
Exercise 12. Write a magazine article about the necessity of 3-D
body scanners at airports. Include imaginary interviews with an
airport security chief and passengers.
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. Match the following handouts (photos) security
checks with the names. Rate each item from 10 (This is essential) to
1 (This is unimportant).
INPUT
Exercise 2. Read the text about the different kinds of Airport
Security Measures and answer the questions.
According to the Department of Homeland Security, 730 million
people travel on passenger jets every year, while more than 700 million
pieces of their baggage are screened for explosives and other dangerous
items.
Airport security refers to the techniques and methods used in
protecting passengers, staff and aircrafts. Large numbers of people pass
through airports every day. This presents potential targets for terrorism
and other forms of crime because of the number of people located in a
particular location.
There are a lot of essential security
measures at an airport. The high-tech
buzzword in airport security today is
biometrics. Biometrics generally refers
to the study of measurable biological
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characteristics. There are several types of biometric identification
schemes:
face: the analysis of facial characteristics ;
fingerprint: the analysis of an individual's unique fingerprints;
hand geometry: the analysis of the shape of the hand and the length of
the fingers;
iris: the analysis of the colored ring that surrounds the eye's pupil;
signature: the analysis of the way a person signs his name;
voice: the analysis of the tone, pitch, cadence and frequency of a
person's voice.
The passenger is screened
through security, which will always
envolve an x-ray screening machine,
looking through any hand luggage
intended to be brought into the
aircraft’s cabin. Such an x-ray
machine generates x-rays from a
high-voltage coil in an oilbath, not
from dangerous radioactive
materials. The x-rays are therefore
very weak, and cannot harm you, your belongings or anything else
around it. X-ray machines use low dose penetrating radiation for
detecting suspicious metallic and non-metallic objects hidden under
clothing or in shoes and in the cavities of the human body.
It does take a lot of training to interpret these pictures accurately, and
it takes even more training to be able to do it as fast as the security
personnel at airports do it, but we’ll take a stab at a quick walk-through
here.
The basics of image interpretation means knowing what the strange
colors stand for. Here it is:
– Blue equals hard materials. Metal
(blue/black), hard plastics, alloys etc. For
example, your gun or your metal knife will
show up as blue or black or a mix. So will
wires, your sunglass case, batteries, etc.
– Orange is biological material. Anything
that is natural, that is, and some things that
aren’t. Rubber, leather, food, dynamite and
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other explosives (except plastique – that’ll turn slightly blueish), all
liquids and gels and organic powders (like flour, for example).
– Green is for plastics and
alloys, where the density isn’t
great enough to make it blue or
black. This can also be
ceramics, though only the
densest of them. Normally,
ceramics (think ceramic knives)
will show up as orange.
Gas chromatography is a
technique for separating closely-related compounds from a liquid or
gaseous mixture. Applications of gas chromatography include : drug
detection, fire investigation, environmental analysis, explosives
investigation, identification of unknown samples. It can be used in
airport security to detect substances in luggage or on human beings.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 3. Match the words (1-10) with their synonyms (a-j).
Choose 3 of them and prepare 3 sentences of your own.
1) buzzword......................................... a) bombs
2) application ....................................... b) thickness
3) to generate........................................ c) popular word
4) to penetrate....................................... d) to involve
5) suspicious......................................... e) use
6) alloy................................................. .f) to create
7) hazardous......................................... g) to invade
8) to engage......................................... .h) distrustful
9) density............................................. .i) mixture, usually of two metals
10) explosives...................................... .j) dangerous
SPEAKING
Work in pairs
Exercise 5. Write down ten questions that a journalist could ask
the head of airport security about the advantages and disadvantages
of airport security measures.
Student A, you are the head of airport security. Answer the reporter`s
questions.
Student B, you are a reporter for a national newspaper. Ask the
questions you prepared, and any others that you think of during the
interview.
Look at these expressions below and add your own to ask
questions and express your opinion during the interview:
Giving opinions Behavioral-Based Questions
The reason I say this is Give me a recent example of a situation
that... you have faced when...
For me, there are two What happened? How did you handle it?
options here. What major problems have you
I am convinced that... encountered and how did you deal with it?
It is my firm belief By providing examples, convince me
that... that...
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I am inclined to believe Give me an example of a recent situation
that... when you disagreed with someone on the
It seems to me that... job.
As far as I am
concerned...
HOME TASK
Exercise 6. Make a poster about the latest airport security
measures. Show your work to your groupmates in the next lesson.
Did you all have similar things?
LEAD-IN
Exercise 1. Work in small groups and discuss the following
questions.
1. Have you ever experienced major havoc while traveling?
2. How would you feel about your flight suddenly being canceled?
3.What are the greatest inconveniences about traveling for you –
especially by air?
4. When do you think terrorists will stop trying to blow up airplanes?
5. Should people be allowed to carry laptop computers onto airplanes?
6. Do you think airlines should be responsible and pay compensation for
anything that is lost, stolen or broken in suitcases?
7. What do you think are the best ways to ensure the safety of airplanes?
8. Would you be willing to pay a lot more money for an air ticket to
cover extra security at airports?
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Exercise 2. With your partner(s), talk about how your life would
change if using the following means of transport became too
dangerous:
Airplanes Boats
Trains Bicycles
Subways Taxis
Buses Other ______________
INPUT
Exercise 3. Read the article and guess whether these sentences
are true (T) or false (F).
New emergency measures have been incorporated into security
checks at airports worldwide. Five years after the 911 terrorist attacks,
would-be mass murderers are still coming up with ways to breach the
tightest of safety checks, as witnessed by the foiled bombings planned
on transatlantic planes last week. The perpetrators intended to use
liquids to make bombs on board airliners. Authorities have banned all
liquids from carry-on luggage. Depending on the destination, all non-
essential items must be checked in and stored in the airline’s hold. This
includes laptop computers and other electrical items, car keys with a
remote control fob and liquid medication that is not on airports’ lists of
acceptable substances. In some cases, mothers have to drink the baby
milk they carry to satisfy check-in staff of its authenticity.
The stringent new actions are creating havoc at major airports.
London’s Heathrow is canceling one third of its daily flights to ensure
the safety of passengers. Airlines are up in arms at the cancellations,
which they deem as a short-term fix and unsustainable for the longer
term. Passengers too are facing greater inconveniences and anxiety.
Business travelers may switch to private charter jets to avoid having to
stow away their computers and peripherals out of reach. Many
executives may view the small additional cost they would incur would
outweigh the hassles of having no hand baggage. Economy class
passengers will inevitably worry about whether their valuables will be
lost, pilfered or broken after check-in. Many fear baggage handlers
might rifle through suitcases, which may have to be checked-in
unlocked. Most airlines do not recompense for damage to or loss of
fragile items.
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1. Emergencies are being measured at airports worldwide. T/F
2. Bombings of transatlantic flights were foiled. T/F
3. Authorities have banned liquids from cabin and hold T/F
luggage.
4. Mothers are being asked to drink baby milk to prove it is T/F
safe.
5. The measures have caused very little disruption at T/F
Heathrow Airport.
6. Airlines say the measures cannot be sustained for a long T/F
time.
7. Many business travelers may switch to private charter jets. T/F
8. Baggage handlers are worried about rifles in unlocked T/F
suitcases.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Exercise 4. Match the words on the left with their synonyms on
the right. Choose 3 of them and prepare 3 sentences of your own.
1) incorporated a) stolen
2) would-be b) evil doers
3) breach c) genuineness
4) perpetrators d) furious
5) authenticity e) potential
6) stringent f) deposit
7) up in arms g) plunder
8) stow h) built in
9) pilfered i) rigorous
10) rifle j) break through
SPEAKING
Work in pairs
Exercise 6. Students A believe airline passengers should not be
allowed to have any hand luggage at all. Students B believe hand
luggage is OK. Debate this with your partners.
REVIEW
Exercise 7. You are going to watch the video “Checkpoints of the
future”. Match the following future checkpoints with appropriate
years.
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1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 2.
3. 3. 3.
4. 4. 4.
5. 5. 5.
HOME TASK
Exercise 8. Make an outline of how you would guarantee the
safety of passengers on board airplanes. What security measures
would you incorporate at airports and on airplanes? Talk about the
ones you liked best and why.
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LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Петращук О.П. Integrative Approach to Language Training of Air
Traffic Controllers (Інтегративний підхід до мовної підготовки
авіаційних диспетчерів). – Науковий журнал. Вісник НАУ №1,
2014, с.84-89.
2. Brumfit Ch.J. Communicative Methodology in Language Teaching.
– Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990. – 166 p.
3. Ch. Brumfit and K. Johnson. Communicative Approach to Language
Teaching. – Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1991. – 243 p.
4. http://www.icao.int/secretariat/PostalHistory/annex_10_aeronautical
_telecommunications.htm.
5. http://www.icao.int/Pages/default.aspx.
6. http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/aero/parts_of_an_airplane_.
7. http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/book.html.
8. http://www.britishcouncil.org.
9. http://www.teachingtruffles.com.
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Навчальне видання
FOREIGN LANGUAGE
(ENGLISH)
(Англійською мовою)
Укладач
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