1.

Importance of the Magnetic Navigating Compass

A compass is a device that indicates direction. It is one of the most important instruments for
navigation. Magnetic compasses are the most known type of compass. They have become so popular
that the term “compass” almost always refers to a magnetic compass. While the design and
construction of this type of compass has changed significantly over the centuries, the concept of how it
works has remained the same. Magnetic compasses consist of a magnetized needle that is allowed to
rotate so it lines up with the Earth's magnetic field. The ends point to what are known as magnetic north
and magnetic south. As early as 2,000 years ago, Chinese scientists may have created a simple and
temporary way to make a working magnetic compass. As engineers and scientists learn more about
magnetism through the years, they eventually change the design structure and add features for better
use of the magnetic compass. In their earliest use, compasses were likely used as backups for when the
sun, stars, or other landmarks could not be seen. Eventually, as compasses became more reliable and
more explorers understood how to read them, the devices became a critical navigational tool.

2. Importance of motors and generators in machines

Electric motors impact almost every aspect of modern living. Refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, air
conditioners, fans, computer hard drives, automatic car windows, and multitudes of other appliances
and devices all use electric motors to convert electrical energy into useful mechanical energy. Electric
motors are used at some point in the manufacturing process of nearly every conceivable product that is
produced in modern factories. There are millions, if not billions of motors that are applied to machinery
and so the cause for their different variety in efficiency and size. The systems that controlled electric
motors in the past suffered from very poor performance and were very inefficient and expensive. In
recent decades, the demand for greater performance and precision in electric motors, combined with
the development of better solid-state electronics and cheap microprocessors has led to the creation of
modern ASDs. A conductor coil (a copper coil tightly wound onto a metal core) is rotated rapidly
between the poles of a horseshoe type magnet. The conductor coil along with its core is known as an
armature. The armature is connected to a shaft of a mechanical energy source such as a motor and
rotated. The mechanical energy required can be provided by engines operating on fuels such as diesel,
petrol, natural gas, etc. or via renewable energy sources such as a wind turbine, water turbine, solar-
powered turbine, etc. When the coil rotates, it cuts the magnetic field which lies between the two poles
of the magnet. The magnetic field will interfere with the electrons in the conductor to induce a flow of
electric current inside it. Electrical generators utilize four key features that make it very important like
power, fuel, portability, and noise reduction technology.