QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE

DEN5002

ENGINEERING MATERIALS FOR DESIGN FINAL REPORT

Part C of the Technical Portfolio: Laboratory Part

NAME: SILVIA MEHILLI

22.04.2021
Part C of the Technical Portfolio: Laboratory Part

The primary data from the scheduled laboratory session, which was mentioned in the
progress report, is shown below, along with secondary data from an online journal.

Stress Vs Strain for Al 6063 and 0.2C steel _2

500
450
400
350
Stress(MPa)

300
250 Stress Vs Strain for Al 6063
200 Stress Vs Strain for 0.2C Steel_2
150
100
50
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Stain

Figure 1: Graph of Stress Vs Strain curve for Al 6063 and 0.2C Steel_2

Discussion on material substitutes and comparison between one current and substitute
material

To fully comprehend if the proposed materials have a surplus in relation to the advantages
and disadvantages, it is necessary to compare and weight the final outcome of whether the
proposed materials will offer more positive improvements to the target sector in both the
short-term and long- term impacts. The 0.2% Carbon steel and aluminium 6063 were chosen
as the comparisons to be done. The stress- strain relationship between the 0.2% Carbon Steel
and Aluminium 6063 is seen in the graph above.

It can be seen that when comparing the trend for the stress against strain for the two different
materials Al 6063 and 0.2% carbon steel, the 0.2% Carbon Steel displayed a more significant
trend of Hook’s Law than aluminium. This is shown by the linear regions of the two curves.
As we already know, Hooks Law states that when small deformations occur to a material, the
displacement of the deformation is directly proportional to the load. (Stanbrough, 2002).
When observing the Al-6063 curve, it can be said that there is a smaller region due to a
higher level of elasticity. This occurs as the displacement of molecules is higher for smaller
forces. After evaluating the given data, the yield stresses for 0.2% Carbon steel are between
0.0625 -0.0780 strain and can be determined by the dip on the curve. Yielding takes place
after the elastic limit region on the graph. At this point the material undergoes plastic
deformation and causes the structure of the metal to be changed on a molecular level through
constant shift(Philphot, 2012).The required energy stems from the elastic potential energy,
which is stored after yielding, causing it to decrease. Additionally, the area below the graph
displays the elastic potential energy held in the given material. The elastic potential energy
stored in Al-6063 is greater compared to 0.2% carbon steel. The ultimate tensile stress is
essentially the maximum amount of stress a material can tolerate before breaking. The
ultimate tensile stress of 0.2% Carbon steel is much greater than Al 6063 at 475MPa and
160MPa respectively. Necking occurs at these stresses as a result of an instability in the
material, causing its cross-section to deplete by a greater proportion when the strain hardens
after undergoing tensile deformation (Instron, 2021). Additionally, when observing the figure
it can be stated that Aluminium 6063 starts to achieve its greatest yield strength around 0.27
N/mm2, while carbon steel reaches the limits of proportionality when the stress strain is at
roughly 0.68 N/mm2. When observing the Carbon Steel curve, it can be seen that the curve
starts steep towards the force curve even though in the latter it starts reducing the steepness as
the strain goes beyond 0.025. At the point where the force remains constant at roughly 0.068
N/mm2. Furthermore, it can be concluded that based on these both comparisons, the
Aluminium 6063 can withstand greater tolerance than the Carbon Steel. According to the
observations of the proposed new composites, it can be stated that the proposed materials
would provide benefits to both consumers and companies that employ these polymers.

Reference List

Philpot, A., 2012. The Stress-Strain Diagram. W. Ashenberg, ed. Mechanics of Materials.
s.l.:John Wiley & Sons (Accessed on: 15.04.2021).

Stanbrough, K (2002). Investigation of Hook’s Law Available at:

http://www.batesville.k12.in.us/physics/apphynet/lab/experiments/measurement/hookes_law.
htm

(Accessed on 19.04.2021)