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Disciplines and Ideas in

the Social Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Emergence of Social Science
First Edition, 2020

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 11

Disciplines and
Ideas in the Social
Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Nature and Function of Social
Science
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on the Nature and Function of Social Science

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators to

assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set
by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Nature and Functions of Social Science Part 2.

Why children below 18 years old are allowed only to go in public places on Fridays
and Saturdays? Why is there a CURFEW for minors?

The ready answers are (1) The president of the Republic declares it so! And (2) The
Bohol Governor is also proclaiming it.

The ready answers are correct. Those are the factual responses. But for those
students trained to seek the meaning of situations and inquire more that the FACTS,
these students would venture into the never-ending-questions of WHY.

The Social Science is for you.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and significant opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

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 What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the Range of Social Science. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.

The module focuses on the Nature and Function of Social Science and the
distinguishable traits among Social Science, Natural Science and the Humanities

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Categorize the parameters of Social Sciences

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. This social science is most closely related to sociology

A. Anthropology
B. Biology
C. Psychology
D. Social Psychology

2. This Social Science studies past, primitive cultures

A. Anthropology
B. Geography
C. History
D. Sociology

3. One would study this to learn about past events & how we are affected by them

A. Anthropology
B. history
C. Political Science
D. Social sciences

4. The study of choices people make to satisfy their needs and wants

A. Economics
B. History
C. Political Science
D. Sociology

5. With this Social Science one would study voting patterns, and the formation of politically based
groups.

A. Economics
B. History
C. Political Science
D. Sociology

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 Lesson
The Sciences in studying
1 Society

A. Operational Definition

What are Social Sciences?

Social sciences are a group of academic disciplines dedicated to examining society. This branch of
science studies how people interact with each other, behave, develop as a culture, and influence the
world.

Purpose of Social Sciences

Social sciences help to explain how society works, exploring everything from the triggers of economic
growth and causes of unemployment to what makes people happy. This information is vital and can
be used for many purposes. Among other things, it helps to shape corporate strategies and
government policies.

B. Scientific Limits of Social Science

What is scientific about social science?

"Social science, which is generally regarded as including psychology, sociology, anthropology,
economics and political science, consists of the disciplined and systematic study of society and its
institutions, and of how and why people behave as they do, both as individuals and in groups within
society.

At a minimum it would appear that to be "scientific" entails a systematic and disciplined method of
acquiring knowledge, and that knowledge must be verifiable knowledge.

What’s In

In this module, we are to unpack the details of the Nature and Functions of Social
science.

But before we advance to the new lesson, let me invite your attention on this short mental
workout.

As a student during the ‘old norms,’ there is a class grouping every beginning of the school
year which we call as “DAILY SWEEPERS.”
The mechanics of this daily sweepers are: (a) the class is divided in to 5 groups and (b) these
groups are assigned as sweepers based on the days in the week.
Most often, the class would agree that a FINES will be set to those classmate who would escape
from their assigned task. The amount depends on the agreement.

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HERE ARE THE QUESTIONS:
1. How would you justify the FINES for not sweeping on the assigned day?
2. What social science arguments you can possibly use to justify the giving of FINES for those who
violate the Daily Sweeper Assignment?

If you want to examine further, here are few guide questions:

a. What is a FINES?
b. How would you distinguish a Fines from a Special Payment or Expensive Payment?
c. Does the FINES enable a group to achieve the required objective of cleaning a classroom as the
case in the daily sweepers?
My dear learners, our task is to help situate everything in perspective. The function
of social Science is to place situations in PERSPECTIVE. Social Science therefore is
instrumental in Society’s Order of Things.

Notes to the Teacher

This writer is placing high optimism that Teacher/Facilitator will
give priority to Loyalty to every Social Sciences. Also, though
there is a semblance of connectedness and overlapping of the
Disciplines, but please do remember that every Social Science is
unique based on its goal and the objective wherein which She
was Formulated.

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 What’s New

Below are images of the events and or directions of the majority of the human beings. In your point
of view, rank the events according to your priority. Put 1 for your TOP priority and 4 as your LAST
priority. Write your answer in a piece of paper. Example: 1 – Career
2 - Family

.
A. Courtship/Dating/ Relationship with
the Opposite Sex

B.
Marriage

C.
Family

D.

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Basic Questions
1. What is your basis in choosing your Top priority?
2. What is your reason for choosing your Last priority?
3. In your OPINION, what is the PURPOSE of your life?
4. According to Social Science, what is the PURPOSE of life?

What is It

What is the Purpose of our life? Why is there a Community? How can we envision a Society? These
are vital questions. Disregarding these questions brings harm to Life, Community and Society as a
whole.

Take along to perspective, let me request your concentration to our Operational Definition.

“Social sciences help to explain how society works, exploring everything from the triggers of
economic growth and causes of unemployment to what makes people happy.”

My treasured learners, it is my hope that when you CHOSE YOUR PRIORITISE, you reason is for you to
be HAPPY. Other reason outside your OWN HAPPINESS brings problems to yourself and thereby
increasing the UNHAPPY PEOPLE in our Community and eventually contributing problem to Society.

What is a Community?

Community is not a place, a building, or an organization; nor is it an exchange of information over the
Internet. Community is both a feeling and a set of relationships among people. People form and
maintain communities to meet common needs.

What are examples of a Community?

Feature of a Community Description

Sense of Place Interaction in a PHYSICAL or DIGITAL Space
Civility Treats each other with respect. In situations of conflict, they would
resolve it according to NORMS and prevailing Culture
Solidarity Working towards shared goals and values
Celebration Unity in jubilation of life and culture (rejoicing during fiesta, success)
Socialization Opportunities for interaction learning new behaviors and acquisition
of skills
Identity In every individual, the norms of a community becomes part of their
life
Participation Community events for releasing of dynamisms and vitalities
Information Exchange Chances of learning and forming of new knowledge
Influence Development of two-way communication whereby people are
swaying each other
Fulfillment The interaction is an avenue for connectedness and sense of purpose
Giving Community exist through the PROMISE of sharing, an individual is
always motivated to give back to the community

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Community therefore is a SITUATION wherein there is a sense of trust, belonging, safety, and caring
for each other. They have an individual and collective sense that they can, as part of that community,
influence their environments and each other.

What is a Society?

A. Extensive Definition

A society is a grouping of individuals, which is characterized by common interest and may have
distinctive culture and institutions. A "society" may refer to a particular ethnic group, such as the Nuer,
to a nation state, such as Switzerland, or to a broader cultural group, such as Western society. An
organized group of people associated together for religious, benevolent, cultural, scientific, political,
patriotic, or other purposes may also be considered a society.

B. Etymological and Sociologist-based Definition

The term society emerged in the fifteenth century and is derived from the French société. The French
word, in turn, had its origin in the Latin societas, a "friendly association with others," from socius
meaning "companion, associate, comrade or business partner." Essential in the meaning of society is
that its members share some mutual concern or interest, a common objective or common
characteristics, often a common culture.

Society and culture are similar concepts, but their scopes are different. A society is an interdependent
community, while culture is an attribute of a community: the complex web of shifting patterns that
link individuals together. For example:

a. Clifford Geertz suggested that "society" is the actual arrangement of social relations while "culture"
consists of beliefs and symbolic forms.

b. Edward Burnett Tylor wrote in 1871 that "culture or civilization, taken in its wide ethnographic
sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other
capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society."

My Treasured learners, lets simplify this.

A. This is a Community

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B. This is a Society

C. Goal of Social Science

“Social sciences help to explain how society works, exploring everything from the triggers of
economic growth and causes of unemployment to what makes people happy.”

SIMPLE Question:

What will happen to a Community and or the Society if we put an UNHAPPY PERSON in their midst?

What’s More

Now my cherished learners, let us come to understand this COVID 19 pandemic in connection with

Policies and Guidelines that our Government is implementing.

A. Words and Term used

1. Covid 19 virus
The current strain is a novel coronavirus, recognized as SARS-CoV-2, according to the National Institues
of Health (NIH), and is a new variation that had not been previously identified. SARS-CoV-2 likely
originated in an animal and spread to humans, similar to SARS. COVID-19 is the disease caused by the
SARS-CoV-2 virus.

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Along with SARS-CoV-2, the SARS epidemic (2002 to 2003) and the MERS outbreak (2012 to 2015)
were similar strains of coronavirus.

2. Epidemic
The WHO says an epidemic can simply be defined as an occurrence of health-related events in a
specific region that exceeds the normal expectancy. Because of the different factors surrounding
population, previous experience, exposure, time and location (among many other variables), the
number of cases needed to qualify for an epidemic varies.

3. Pandemic
Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director General of the WHO, spent numerous weeks in February
and early March saying COVID-19 had 'pandemic potential' but stopping short of using the official term
before officially making the assessment on March 11.

A pandemic is recognized officially as a worldwide spread of a new disease. The recognition of COVID-
19 as a pandemic was initially held up due to uncertainty surrounding the global scope of the virus's
impact. A pandemic refers to how many parts of the world deal with the rate of a disease and doesn't
say anything about the disease's seriousness.

4. Lockdown
There have been many different utilities of the word lockdown, but during the current coronavirus
pandemic, the standard set by countries like China, Italy and France shows a lockdown as a
government-imposed ban on any movement inside the country and the closing of all nonessential
businesses. This month, police squads in Rome have checked citizens' documents and imposed fines
for individuals that did not have valid excuses, even those out on walks or seen taking pictures outside.

5. Flattening the curve

According to the WHO, the idea of flattening the curve is for collective action to be taken in order to
slow the number of new cases. This is important in order to give people better access to proper care.
Social distancing practices are intended to accomplish this and to slow transmission and spread the
infections as thinly as possible over time so health systems can cope.

6. Essential vs. Nonessential businesses and services

While it is generally up to individual states and municipalities to determine what qualifies as an
essential vs. nonessential business. Those businesses include grocery markets, pharmacies,
convenience stores, sanitation services, healthcare operations, daycare centers, gas stations, banks,
post offices and transportation services, among others are considered essential business.

Businesses that are recreational in nature are generally considered nonessential. These include
theaters, gyms, museums, casinos, sports venues and others.

7. Nonessential Travel
Travel bans imposed by governments and businesses around the world have consistently touted the
need to cut down on nonessential travel, whether it is by car or plane.

8. Self-Quarantine
People who are at risk of COVID-19 due to potential exposure are recommended by health experts to
self-quarantine for at least 14 days in order to determine whether or not they will become ill and
contagious. Self-quarantining involves staying at home at all times, not having visitors, staying at least
6 feet away from all people in your household and not sharing things like towels and utensils.

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9. Self-Isolation
Self-isolation is necessary for individuals who have been confirmed to have COVID-19. Isolation is a
health care term that means keeping infected people away from the uninfected.

10. Social Distancing

Social distancing is deliberately increasing the physical space between people in order to avoid
spreading illnesses. Also known as physically distancing, examples of social distancing practices
include working from home, closing schools, canceling in-person meetings or hangouts and visiting
others electronically rather than in person. In guidelines set by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC),
social distancing means maintaining a distance of about 6 feet from others.

11. Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ)

12. General Community Quarantine (GCQ)
13. Modified Enhanced Community Quarantine (MECQ),
14. Modified General Community Quarantine (MGCQ)

B. What is the difference between MECQ, GCQ, and MGCQ?

1. Modified Enhanced Community Quarantine (MECQ)

Essential workers (doctors, nurses, grocery personnel, etc.) are allowed to go out. Non-essential
workers will only be allowed to go out of their homes if they have to purchase groceries and other
necessities. Just like ECQ, only essential industries will be allowed to operate—groceries, health
services (pharmacies, veterinary clinics), and food manufacturing/production. But the government has
also allowed certain manufacturing plants to operate, given that they only allow 50% of their work
force.

Transportation will still only be for essential workers.

Schools will still not be allowed to hold physical classes.

2. General Community Quarantine (GCQ)

People living in barangays with no confirmed cases will be allowed to go out for work and other
necessary errands. Government offices and some establishments will be allowed to resume
operations, given that only 75% or less of its work force will be in the office premises.

Transportation services is only for government work and other allowed sectors.
Flexible learning arrangements may be made for students and teachers–physical classes will be
regulated.

3. Modified General Community Quarantine (MGCQ)

Movement of people goes back to normal given that the public continues to wear face masks, maintain
social distancing, and other necessary health protocols will be observed.
Work in all sectors and schools will be allowed to resume operations at 100% capacity while making
sure that health protocols will be practiced (wearing face masks, etc.).

Public transportation resumes and observes proper health protocols.

Physical classes may resume in full capacity.

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Again, lets us review our definition of Social Science. For your convenience, below is the definition
that I would like you to memorize.

“Social sciences help to explain how society works, exploring everything from the triggers of
economic growth and causes of unemployment to what makes people happy.”

Eyes here: Social sciences help to explain how society works. Few questions;

1. Who decide the naming of the virus?

2. What is the basis for a declaration of an Epidemic?
3. Differentiate Epidemic from a Pandemic.
4. What are Essential and Non-essential business/activities?

What I Have Learned

At stage, let us test how far we can remember discussions found in this module. Below are 5
questions. Answer as asked. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus?

2. It is defined as an occurrence of health-related events in a specific region that exceeds the normal
expectancy.
3. This word is used to categorize the worldwide spread of a new disease.
4. The number of days mandatory self-isolation as a precaution for the spread of Covid 19.
5. Accordingly, how many feet is the distance for Physical Distancing?

Essay questions. Kindly provide unbiased perspective and provide factual reference to support your
view. Always provide explanation.

1. What is important to you, work or health?

2. What will happen to you if your father don’t work to earn money?
3. What will happen to your community if there are workers RESTRICTED to work?
4. What is the effect if the working people can’t work?

What I Can Do

At this moment, let us review few of the Government policies implemented and present your own
assessment. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Here are the guide questions;

1. What is your insight on the motorcycle barrier?

2. If you were the Governor, would you allow back-riders on motorcycles? Why or Why not.
3. What is your comment on the opening of classes for the private schools and extending the classes
of the public school to October 2020?

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4. Are modules helpful to students?
5. What are other method of learning delivery other than modules that would help student?

NOTE to Students and Teacher: This Rubric is the basis for grading.

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 Assessment
Read the article below and answer the questions using a
separate sheet of paper.

PNP warns Gadon of arrest for flouting protocols on face mask, face shield
By: Consuelo Marquez - Reporter / @CMarquezINQINQUIRER.net / 12:33 PM August 28, 2020

MANILA, Philippines — The Philippine National Police on Friday warned lawyer Lorenzo “Larry” Gadon
that he may face arrest for blatantly refusing to wear a face mask and face shield in public places,
violating the minimum health protocols in the country.

“Hindi uubra ito, DOH (Department of Health) ang naglabas nito at sinabayan ng maraming ordinansa
so sa ngayon, kapag inulit pa niya (Gadon) ulit yan pwedeng puntahan ng pulis at pagsabihan at
pagpumalag, pwedeng arestuhin,” Police Lt. Gen. Guillermo Eleazar, PNP deputy for operations, told
INQUIRER.net, reacting to reports that Gadon has repeatedly flouted such ordinance and health
protocols, and who has openly been seen and heard numerous times about his vehement refusal to
comply.

(This is not allowed, the DOH mandated this as well as local ordinances so if he repeats this, police
will remind him of the health protocols and if he will disobey, he will get arrested.)

PNP spokesman Brig. Gen. Bernard Banac echoed Eleazar’s remark, saying Gadon must follow the rules
as he is an officer of the court.

“Atty. Larry Gadon may face arrest if he continues to violate health protocols and ordinances
imposed by Local Government Units that require the use of face mask and face shield in public,”
Banac said in another statement.

“As an officer of the court he should know better than to flagrantly disrespect the rules and regulations
that protect public health,” he added.

Eleazar, who is also the commander of Joint Task Force (JTF) COVID Shield, said Gadon could be liable
for violation of Manila City’s Ordinance No. 8627, which mandates citizens to wear face masks in
public, and the Republic Act 11332 or the Law on Reporting of Communicable Disease.

Gadon was in Manila on Thursday to petition the Supreme Court to nullify a 33-year-old law renaming
the Manila International Airport to Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA).

He came under fire earlier this month after a picture of him wearing a face shield with a surgical mask
taped to it circulated in social media. The lawyer then made known his disbelief that wearing masks
is a deterrent to the coronavirus disease, and that the government was just overreacting to the
COVID-19 paranoia.

On top of this, Gadon, who is not a medical professional, slammed the DOH for instilling fear to the
public on the respiratory disease. He even claimed that COVID-19 is curable.

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His claims have been repeatedly disputed by the DOH, adding that this “misinformation” is “not a
joking matter,” considering the massive number of the population who have fallen due to the disease.

The Philippines’ total tally of COVID-19 cases has reached 205,5811 Thursday after 3,249 new
infections were logged by the DOH. Based on the latest case bulletin from DOH, there are now 68,357
are active COVID-19 cases.

Read more: https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1328290/pnp-warns-gadon-of-arrest-for-flouting-

protocols-on-face-mask-shield#ixzz6WOsyzHTm
Follow us: @inquirerdotnet on Twitter | inquirerdotnet on Facebook

Above is a Newspaper article on Attorney Gadon about face mask issue. Read the article carefully and
answer the below-listed questions. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Part I. Note, always provide explanation in support for your answer.

1. Is Attorney Gadon correct when he said that “wearing masks is a deterrent to the coronavirus
disease, and that the government was just overreacting to the COVID-19 paranoia.”

2. What would be the effect of Attorney Gadon’ statement to the community?

“Atty. Larry Gadon may face arrest if he continues to violate health protocols and ordinances
imposed by Local Government Units that require the use of face mask and face shield in public,”
Banac said in another statement.

3. Is the PNP correct in saying that Atty. Gadon could be arrested if he continues to violate health
protocols?

4. If wearing of face mask effective, why is it that the total number of COVID-19 cases has reached
205,5811?

Part II.
1. Let your Mother or Father or Guardian read the news article. (if mother is present, no need for
father or guardian, if no mother, then proceed to your father, if parents are not around, guardian
could be fine)

2. Ask the same question above.

3. Let one sibling read the news article.
4. Ask the sibling the same questions.
5. Write your answer and their answer in a table form.
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4

Your Answer

Mother or Father
or Guardian
Answer

Sibling’s Answer

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 Additional Activities

Kindly find time and watch any video clip:

1. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/videos
WHO updates on Covid 19

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqqIaICKpSg Philippine Updates on Covid 19 by the DOH.

Answer Key

What's More
1. World Health
Organization (WHO)

2. Number of Persons and or

Society affected
3. Responsiveness
3. Epidemic is Smaller in
format. Scope while Pandemic is
2. Answers will be in table Wider in Scope
Instruction. 4. Essential business like
1. Compliance to the transportation, food Essay:
establishment
Assessment What I Know
Non-essential like gyms,
sports areas, beauty areas

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References

1. https://www.le.ac.uk/oerresources/media/ms7500/mod1unit2/page_03.htm

2. https://ssir.org/articles/entry/what_is_community_anyway

3. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Society

4. https://www.accuweather.com/en/health-wellness/know-the-terms-a-complete-covid-19-
pandemic-glossary/707048

5. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590061720300521

6. https://www.mypope.com.ph/types-of-community-quarantine/

7.
https://www.google.com/search?q=rubric+for+essay+questions&rlz=1C1GGRV_enPH829PH830&sxs
rf=ALeKk03PqaQOwlqqchoy_J1zF0ZIyzPQVw:1598605851464&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=PeP
zooRvqI_joM%252CFacNfOZ1HuzhQM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-
kTDHTfJ_xD3ftmpsvuCNcorugzrZA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjd5qXvxr3rAhWZZt4KHZm7DBIQ9QF6BAgKE
Cc&biw=1366&bih=608#imgrc=IKzmwyvFVmW6zM

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