TANGANYIKA

No. 22 OF 1964

I ASSENT,

J us K. .

Pre s ide nt

25TH AP RIL, 1964

An Act to ratify the Article s of Union be twe e n the Re public of
Tanganyika and the Pe ople 's Re public of Zanzibar, to provide
for the gove rnme nt of the Unite d Re public and of Zanzibar,
to make provis ion for the Modification and Ame ndme nt of the
Cons titution and Laws of Tanganyika for the purpos e of giving
e ffe ct to the Union and the s aid Article s , and for matte rs
conne cte d the re with and incide ntal the re to
[ ]
WHEREAS by Articles of Union entered into between the Government
of the Re public of Ta nga nyika a nd the Gove rnme nt of the P e ople 's
Re public of Za nziba r on the twe nty-s e cond da y of April, 1964, it wa s
a gre e d tha t, s ubje ct to the e na ctme nt of la ws by the P a rlia me nt of
Ta nga nyika a nd by the Re volutiona ry Council of the P e ople 's Re public
of Za nziba r a cting in conjunction with the Ca bine t Minis te rs the re of
ra tifying the s a id Article s a nd providing for the Gove rnme nt of the
Unite d Re public a nd of Za nziba r in a ccorda nce the re with, the s a id
Re publics s ha ll be unite d in one S ove re ign Re public:
NOW THEREFORE BE IT ENACTED by the P a rlia me nt of Ta nga nyika :
1. This Act ma y be cite d a s the Union of Ta nga nyika a nd Za nziba r title
S hort
Act, 1964, a nd this Act a nd the la w of Za nziba r e ntitle d the Union of
Za nziba r a nd Ta nga nyika La w, 1964, ma y be toge the r cite d a s the
Acts of Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar.
2. In this Act, unle s s the conte xt othe rwis e re quire s - Inte rpre ta -
tion
"e xis ting la w'' me a ns the writte n a nd unwritte n la w a s it e xis ts
imme dia te ly be fore Union Da y (including a la w e na cte d or ma de
by a ny e na ctme nt or ins trume nt pa s s e d or ma de be fore , a nd
coming into ope ra tion a fte r, tha t da y), but doe s not include the
Cons titution of Ta nga nyika ins ofa r a s it provide s for the gove rn-
me nt of. the Re public of Ta nga nyika or a ny de cla ra tion or la w,
2 No. 22 Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar 1964

or a ny provis ion the re of, which e xpire s with e ffe ct from the
comme nce me nt of the inte rim Constitution;
''the inte rim Cons titution'' me a ns the cons titution de cla re d by s e ction
5 to be the Cons titution by which the Unite d Re public is to be
gove rne d during the inte rim pe riod, a s from time to time modifie d
or amended;
''the inte rim pe riod'' me a ns the pe riod comme ncing on Union Da y a nd
e xpiring imme dia te ly be fore the comme nce me nt of a Cons titu-
tion a dopte d by a Constitue nt Asse mbly in a ccorda nce with se ction
9;
''Union Da y'' me a ns the da y following the da y on which the Acts of
Union of Ta nga nyika a nd Za nziba r a re e na cte d or, if the y a re
e na cte d on diffe re nt da ys , the da y following the da y of the la te r
enactment.
Ra tifica tion 3. The Article s of Union be twe e n the Gove rnme nts of the Re public
of Article s
of Union
of Ta nga nyika a nd the P e ople 's Re public of Za nziba r (which Article s
are set out in the Schedule to this Act) are hereby approved and ratified.
De cla ra tion 4. The Re public of Ta nga nyika a nd the P e ople 's Re public of
of the
Unite d Za nziba r s ha ll, upon Union Da y a nd e ve r a fte r, be unite d into one
Re public S ove re ign Re public by the na me of the Unite d Re public of Ta nga nyika
a nd Za nziba r.
inte rim 5. (1) S ubje ct to the provis ions of this s e ction a nd to a ny Act
Cons titu- of the P a rlia me nt of the Unite d Re public whe re by the provis ions of the
tion of
the Unite d
inte rim Cons titution of the Unite d Re public ma y be a lte re d, the Unite d
Re public Re public s ha ll be gove rne d during the inte rim pe riod in a ccorda nce
with the provis ions of the Cons titution of the Re public of Ta nga nyika
a s s o modifie d a s to provide -

(a ) for the re s e rva tion to the P a rlia me nt a nd Exe cutive of the

Unite d Re public of the following ma tte rs :-
(i) the Constitution and government of the United Republic,
(ii) External Affairs;
(iii) Defence;
(iv) Police;
(v) Emergency Powers;
(vi) Citizenship;
(vii) Immigration;
(viii) External trade and borrowing;
(ix) the P ublic S e rvice of the Unite d Re public;
(x) Income ta x, corpora tion ta x, cus toms a nd e xcis e dutie s ;
(xi) Ha rbours, civil a via tion, posts a nd te le gra phs;
a nd for the e xclus ive a uthority of the s a id P a rlia me nt a nd
Exe cutive in s uch ma tte rs throughout a nd for the Unite d Re public
a nd in a ll othe r ma tte rs in a nd for Ta nga nyika ;
No. 22 Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar 1964 3

(b) for a se pa ra te Le gisla ture a nd Exe cutive for Za nziba r constitute d

in a ccorda nce with the e xis ting la w of Za nziba r (or a s s o va rie d
or re pla ce d from time to time in a ccorda nce with s uch e xis ting
la w), a nd for the e xclus ive a uthority of the s a id Le gis la ture
a nd Exe cutive in a nd for Za nziba r in ma tte rs othe r tha n thos e
re se rve d, in a ccorda nce with pa ra gra ph (a ) of this subse ction, to
the P a rlia me nt a nd Exe cutive of the Unite d Re public;
(c) for the a ppointme nt of two Vice -P re s ide nts of the Unite d
Re public, one of whom s ha ll be a pe rs on norma lly re s ide nt in
Za nziba r, a nd for s uch Vice -P re s ide nt to be the principa l
a s s is ta nt of the P re s ide nt of the Unite d Re public in the dis cha rge
of his e xe cutive functions in re la tion to Za nziba r a nd, unde r the
s tyle of P re s ide nt of Za nziba r, to be the he a d of the a fore s a id
Exe cutive for Za nziba r;
(d) for the re pre s e nta tion of Za nziba r in the P a rlia me nt of the
Unite d Re public; a nd
(e ) for s uch othe r ma tte rs a s ma y be e xpe die nt or de s ira ble to, give
e ffe ct, or e na ble e ffe ct to, be give n, to the Union a nd to the
Articles of Union.
(2) The modifica tions to the Cons titution of Ta nga nyika provide d
for in s ubs e ction (1) of this s e ction s ha ll be ma de by De cre e of the
P re s ide nt of the Unite d Re public a nd the powe r of the s a id P re s ide nt
in tha t be ha lf ma y be e xe rcis e d from time to time ; a nd s uch De cre e s ,
a nd a ny a me ndme nts , va ria tions or s ubs titutions the re of ma de in the
like ma nne r, s ha ll ha ve e ffe ct for the modifica tion of the Cons titution
of Ta nga nyika for the purpos e s of this s e ction a nd for the a lte ra tion,
of the inte rim Cons titution of the Unite d Re public, notwiths ta nding
the provis ions of s e ction 35 of the s a id Cons titutions .
(3) In this s e ction-
(a ) re fe re nce s to the Cons titution of Ta nga nyika include re fe re nce s
to s e ctions 3, 19, 20, 21, 23 a nd 26 of, a nd P a rts I, II a nd III
of the S e cond S che dule to, the Re public of Ta nga nyika (Cons e - CA, Act 2
que ntia l, Tra ns itiona l a nd Te mpora ry P rovis ions ) Act, 1962;
(b) re fe re nce s to a n Act of the P a rlia me nt of the Unite d Re public
by which the provis ions of the inte rim Cons titution ma y be
a lte re d a re re fe re nce s to a n Act the Bill for which ha s be e n
pa s s e d in the ma nne r pre s cribe d by s e ction 35 of the s a id inte rim
Constitution;
(c) re fe re nce s to the e xclus ive a uthority of the P a rlia me nt of the
Unite d Re public or of the Le gis la ture for Za nziba r s ha ll not
be cons true d a s pre cluding tha t P a rlia me nt or Le gis la ture from
confe rring on a ny pe rs on or a uthority the powe r to ma ke
provisions in re la tion to ma tte rs within the ir re spe ctive a uthoritie s
which ha ve the force of la w or from confe rring the force of
la w on a ny s uch provis ions ma de by a ny pe rs on or a uthority, a nd
references to the exclusive authority of the Executive of the United
Re public or of Za nziba r s ha ll not be cons true d a s pre cluding
a competent legislature from conferring or providing for the delega-
tion of functions in re la tion to ma tte rs within its a uthority upon
or to a ny othe r pe rs on or a uthority.
4 No. 22 Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar 1964

The
a dminis tra -
6.-(1) The firs t P re s ide nt of the Unite d Re public s ha ll be Mwa limu
tion of the J ULIUS KAMBARAGE NYERERE.
gove rnme nt (2) The firs t Vice -P re s ide nt a ppointe d from Za nziba r in a ccorda nce
of the
Unite d with the modifica tions provide d for in pa ra gra ph (c) of subse ction (1)
Re public of s e ction 5 s ha ll be S he ikh ABEID KARUME.
(3) On the comme nce me nt of the inte rim Cons titution, the s a id
P re s ide nt s ha ll ma ke s uch provis ion for the cons titution of office s in
the s e rvice of the Unite d Re public, a nd for a ppointme nts to s uch
office s (including a ppointme nts by wa y of tra ns fe r of pe rs ons who,
imme dia te ly be fore Union Da y he ld office in the se rvice of the Re public
of Ta nga nyika or the P e ople 's Re public of Za nziba r) a s he s ha ll think
necessary or expedient.
No
s e pa ra te 7. On the comme nce me nt of the inte rim Cons titution of the Unite d
cons titution Re public, the Cons titution of Ta nga nyika s ha ll ce a s e to ha ve e ffe ct
for for the gove rnme nt of Ta nga nyika a s a s e pa ra te pa rt of the Unite d
Ta nga nyika Re public.
The la ws 8.-(1) S ubje ct to the provis ions of this s e ction, on a nd a fte r Union
of the
Unite d
Da y the e xis ting la w of Ta nga nyika a nd of Za nziba r s ha ll continue
Re public to be the la w in the te rritorie s of Ta nga nyika a nd of Za nziba r
re s pe ctive ly, s a ve in s o fa r a s it is the re a fte r a me nde d, modifie d,
re pe a le d or re voke d by compe te nt a uthority or a ny provis ion the re of
e xpire s , but s ha ll be cons true d with s uch modifica tions , a da pta tions ,
qua lifica tions a nd e xce ptions a s ma y be ne ce s s a ry to bring it into
conformity with the Union of the two Re publics a nd with the provisions
of the inte rim Cons titution a nd of this Act; a nd for the a voida nce of
doubts it is he re by de cla re d tha t the ope ra tion of the e xis ting la w on
a nd a fte r Union Da y in a ccorda nce with the provis ions of this s ub-
s e ction, s ha ll not be a ffe cte d by the ce s s a tion of the Cons titution of
Ta nga nyika for the gove rnme nt of Ta nga nyika a s a s e pa ra te pa rt of
the Unite d Re public or by the a me ndme nt, modifica tion, a broga tion
or re voca tion of a ny de cla ra tion or la w of Za nziba r unde r which the
existing law of Zanzibar was enacted or made.
(2) The P re s ide nt of the Unite d Re public ma y, during the inte rim
pe riod, by De cre e -
(a ) e xte nd a ny e xis ting la w of Ta nga nyika which re la te s to a ny of
the ma tte rs se t out in pa ra gra ph (a ) of subse ction (1) of se ction
5 to Za nziba r a s pa rt of the la w the re of a nd re pe a l or re voke
a ny la w of Za nziba r corre s ponding to, or incons is te nt with, a ny
law so extended;
(b) ma ke such a me ndme nts, a da pta tions a nd modifica tions (includ-
ing provis ions for the cons truction of la ws ) to the e xis ting la w
of Ta nga nyika (including a ny s uch la w e xte nde d to Za nziba r
unde r pa ra gra ph (a ) of this s ubs e ction) a s ma y a ppe a r to him
to be ne ce s s a ry or e xpe die nt for bringing the s a me into
conformity with the provis ions of the inte rim Cons titution or for
giving e ffe ct or e na bling e ffe ct to be give n to the Union;
(c) ma ke such tra nsitiona l, conse que ntia l a nd te mpora ry provision in
re s pe ct of a ny of the ma tte rs s e t out in pa ra gra ph (a ) of s ub-
s e ction (1) of s e ction 5, or in re la tion to the e xis ting la w of
Ta nga nyika , a s ma y a ppe a r to him to be ne ce s s a ry or e xpe die nt
for giving e ffe ct or e na bling e ffe ct to be give n to the Union.
No. 22 Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar 1964 5

(3) Where the President makes a Decree under this section in relation
to a n Act of the Common Se rvice s Orga niza tion, tha t De cre e sha ll ha ve
e ffe ct s o to a me nd tha t Act in a nd m re la tion to a ny pe rs on or ma tte r
conne cte d with the Unite d Re public, or to a ny pa rt the re of to which
the de cre e re la te s , notwiths ta nding a ny provis ions of the Inte rpre ta tion
and General Clauses Ordinance. Ca p. 1

9.-(1) A Cons titue nt As s e mbly s ummone d m a ccorda nce with the Cons titue nt
Article s of Union s ha ll ha ve powe r to ra tify a nd a dopt a Cons titution As s e mbly
for the gove rnme nt of the Unite d Re public, to ma ke provis ion con-
s e que ntia l on, a nd s upple me nta l to, the ne w Cons titution a nd to ma ke
s uch othe r provis ion a s the Cons titue nt As s e mbly think fit, a nd s uch
powe rs ma y be e xe rcis e d notwiths ta nding a ny powe r in tha t be ha lf
ve s te d in the P a rlia me nt of the Unite d Re public or in the Le gis la ture
for Za nziba r.
(2) The provis ions of the Cons titue nt As s e mbly s ha ll be ma de in
s uch form a nd ma nne r a s ma y be pre s cribe d by de cre e of the P re s ide nt
of the Unite d Re public, a cting with the a gre e me nt of the Vice -
P re s ide nt who is the he a d of the Exe cutive for Za nziba r, a nd whe n s o
ma de s ha ll ha ve the force of la w throughout the Unite d Re public, or
such pa rts the re of a s ma y be spe cifie d the re in, a nd ma y be cite d a s Acts
of the Constituent Assembly.
(3) S ubje ct to a ny Act of the Cons titue nt As s e mbly, nothing in this
s e ction s ha ll be cons true d a s a ffe cting the e xe rcis e by the P a rlia me nt
of the Unite d Re public, or the Na tiona l As s e mbly of the P a rlia me nt
the ir re spe ctive functions unde r a ny la w in force during the continua nce
of the interim Constitution.
(4) On the comme nce me nt of a Cons titution a dopte d by the
Cons titue nt As s e mbly, the powe r to s ummon a Cons titue nt As s e mbly
a nd the powe rs of the Cons titue nt As s e mbly to ma ke a ny provis ion
which it is e mpowe re d to ma ke unde r the Article s of Union or this
Act shall expire.
10.-(l) De cre e s of the P re s ide nt of the Unite d Re public ma de in De cre e s
a ccorda nce with the provis ions of this Act- of the
P re s ide nt
(a ) s ha ll be publis he d in the Gaz e tte of the Unite d Re public a nd
s ha ll be la id be fore the Na tiona l As s e mbly of the P a rlia me nt of
the United Republic;
(b) shall have effect as if enacted in this Act;
(c) ma y provide for the ma king of rule s , orde rs a nd s che me s
the re unde r a nd for the de le ga tion of powe rs .
(2) The provis ions of pa ra gra ph (a ) s ha ll not a ffe ct the ope ra tion
of a ny De cre e s of the P re s ide nt of the Unite d Re public prior to the
da te on which the y a re la id be fore the s a id Na tiona l As s e mbly, but
s ubje ct to the fore going, the provis ions of s e ction 27 of the Inte rpre ta -
tion a nd Ge ne ra l Cla us e s ordina nce s ha ll a pply in re la tion to s uch
Decrees.
6 No. 22 Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar 1964

THE S CHEDULE

THE ARTICLES OF UNION

be twe e n
THE REP UBLIC OF TANGANYIKA AND THE P EOP LES ' REP UBLIC OF
ZANZIBAR
WHEREAS the Gove rnme nts of the Re public of Ta nga nyika a nd of the P e ople s ' Re public
of Za nziba r be ing mindful of the long a s s ocia tion of the pe ople s of the s e la nds a nd of
the ir tie s of kins hip a nd a mity, a nd be ing de s irous of furthe ring tha t a s s ocia tion a nd
s tre ngthe ning of the s e tie s a nd of furthe ring the unity of Africa n pe ople s ha ve me t a nd
cons ide re d the union of the Re public of Ta nga nyika with the P e ople s Re public of
Za nziba r:
AND WHEREAS the Gove rnme nts of the Re public of Ta nga nyika a nd of the P e ople s '
Re public of Za nziba r a re de s irous tha t the two Re publics s ha ll be unite d in one
S ove re ign Re public in a ccorda nce with the Article s he re ina fte r conta ine d:-
It is the re fore AGREED be twe e n the Gove rnme nts of the Re public of Ta nga nyika a nd
of the P e ople s ' Re public of Za nziba r a s follows : -
(i) The Re public of Ta nga nyika a nd the P e ople s ' Re public of Za nziba r s ha ll be
unite d in one S ove re ign Re public.
(ii) During the pe riod from the comme nce me nt of the union until the Cons titue nt
As s e mbly provide d for in Article (vii) s ha ll ha ve me t a nd a dopte d a Cons titu-
tion for the unite d Re public (he re ina fte r re fe rre d to a s the inte rim pe riod) the
unite d Re public s ha ll be gove rne d in a ccorda nce with the provis ions of Article s
(iii) to (vi).
(iii) During the inte rim pe riod the Cons titution of the unite d Re public s ha ll be
the Cons titution of Ta nga nyika s o modifie d a s to provide for-
(a ) a s e pa ra te le gis la ture a nd e xe cutive in a nd for Za nziba r from time to time
cons titute d in a ccorda nce with the e xis ting la w of Za nziba r a nd ha ving
e xclus ive a uthority within Za nziba r for ma tte rs othe r tha n thos e re s e rve d
to the P a rlia me nt a nd Exe cutive of the unite d Re public;
(b) the office s of two Vice -P re s ide nts one of whom (be ing. a pe rs on norma lly
re s ide nt in Za nziba r) s ha ll be the he a d of the a fore s a id e xe cutive in a nd
for Za nziba r a nd s ha ll be the principa l a s s is ta nt of the P re s ide nt of the
Unite d Re public in the dis cha rge of his e xe cutive functions in re la tion to
Za nziba r;
(c) the re pre s e nta tion of Za nziba r in the P a rlia me nt of the Unite d Re public;
(d) s uch othe r ma tte rs a s ma y be e xpe die nt or de s ira ble to give e ffe ct to the
unite d Re public a nd to the s e Article s .
(iv) The re s ha ll re s e rve d to the P a rlia me nt a nd Exe cutive of the unite d
Re public the following ma tte rs -
(a) The Cons titution a nd Gove rnme nt of the unite d Re public.
(b) External Affairs.
(c) Defence.
(d) Police.
(e) Emergency Powers.
(f) Citizenship.
(g) Immigration.
(h) Exte rna l Tra de a nd Borrowing.
(i) The P ublic S e rvice of the unite d Re public.
(j) Income Ta x, Corpora tion Ta x, Cus toms a nd Excis e .
(k) Ha rbours , Civil Avia tion, P os ts a nd Te le gra phs .
And the s a id P a rlia me nt a nd Exe cutive s ha ll ha ve e xclus ive a uthority in s uch
ma tte rs throughout a nd for the purpos e s of the unite d Re public a nd in a ddition
e xclus ive a uthority in re s pe ct of a ll othe r ma tte rs in a nd for Ta nga nyika .
(v) The e xis ting la ws of Ta nga nyika a nd of Za nziba r s ha ll re ma in in force in
the ir re s pe ctive te rritorie s s ubje ct-
(a ) to a ny provis ion ma de he re a fte r by a compe te nt le gis la ture ;
(b) to s uch provis ion a s ma y be ma de by orde r of the P re s ide nt of the
unite d Re public for the e xte ns ion to Za nziba r of a ny la w re la ting to a ny
of the ma tte rs s e t out in Article (iv), a nd the re voca tion of a ny
corre s ponding la w of Za nziba r;
(c) to s uch a me ndme nts a s ma y be e xpe die nt or de s ira ble to give e ffe ct to the
union a nd to the s e Article s .
No. 22 Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar 1964 7

(v) (a ) The firs t P re s ide nt of the unite d Re public s ha ll be Mwa limu J ulius K.
Nye re re a nd he s ha ll ca rry on the Gove rnme nt of the unite d Re public
in a ccorda nce with the provis ions of the s e Article s a nd with the a s s is ta nce
of the Vice -P re s ide nts a fore s a id a nd of s uch othe r minis te rs a nd office rs
a s he ma y a ppoint from Ta nga nyika a nd Za nziba r a nd the ir re s pe ctive
public s e rvice s .
(b) The firs t Vice -P re s ide nt from Za nziba r to be a ppointe d in a ccorda nce
with the modifica tions provide d for in Article (iii) s ha ll be S he ikh Abe id
Ka rume .
(vii) The P re s ide nt of the unite d Re public: in a gre e me nt with the Vice -P re s ide nt
who is he a d of the Exe cutive in Za nziba r s ha ll-
(a ) Appoint a Commis s ion to ma ke propos a ls for a Cons titution for the
unite d Re public.
(b) S ummon a Cons titue nt As s e mbly compos e d of Re pre s e nta tive s from
Ta nga nyika a nd from Za nziba r in s uch numbe rs a s the y ma y de te rmine to
me e t within one ye a r of the comme nce me nt of the union for the purpos e
of cons ide ring the propos a ls of the Commis s ion a fore s a id a nd to a dopt
a Cons titution for the unite d Re public.
(viii) The s e Article s s ha ll be s ubje ct to the e na ctme nt of la ws by the P a rlia me nt of
Ta nga nyika a nd by the Re volutionaCouncil ry of the P e ople s ' Re public of
Za nziba r in conjunction with the Ca bine t of Minis te rs the re of, ra tifying the
s a me a nd providing for the Gove rnme nt of the unite d Re public a nd of
Za nziba r in a ccorda nce the re with.
IN WITNES S WHERE J ulius K. Nye re re , the P re s ide nt of the Re public of Ta nga nyika ,
a nd Abe id Ka rume the P re s ide nt of the P e ople s ' Re public of Za nziba r ha ve s igne d
the s e Article s , in duplica te , a t Za nziba r, on this twe nty-s e cond da y of April, 1964.

P a s s e d in the Na tiona l As s e mbly on the twe nty-fifth da y of April,

1964.

Msekwa
Cle rk of the National As s e m bly

I he re by ce rtify tha t the Bill for this Act wa s pa s s e d by the Na tiona l

As s e mbly in a ccorda nce with the provis ions f on 35 of the
Constitution.

25th April, 1964 S pe ake r

----- -
P rinte d by the Gove rnme nt P rinte r, Da r e s S a la a m.