ASSESSMENT COVER SHEET/

LEMBARAN HADAPAN PENILAIAN KURSUS

JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

PROGRAM DKM

SESI 1 2021/2022

DJJ20053 : ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

LECTURER’ S NAME/ : PUAN NUR FARAHDIBA BINTI ZULKEFLE
NAMA PENSYARAH
TYPE OF ASSESSMENT/ : LABORATORY
JENIS PENILAIAN
: RESISTOR COLOR CODE AND ANALOG
TITLE/ TAJUK
MULTIMETER
SUBMISSION DATE/ :
28 OCTOBER 2021
TARIKH HANTAR
RECEIVED DATE (fill in by lecturer) :
TARIKH TERIMA (diisi oleh pensyarah)

MATRIC NUMBER/ CLASS/

STUDENT’S NAME/ NAMA PELAJAR
NOMBOR MATRIK KELAS
NORNAZREN SHAH BIN NORAZAM SHAH 23DKM20F2023 DKM2A
MOHAMED EIMAN HAFIDZ BIN MOHD AZZAD 23DKM20F2002 DKM2A

MARKS/ MARKAH:
CLO1 CLO2 CLO3 CLO4 TOTAL
MARKS/
JUMLAH MARKAH

LECTURER’S COMMENT/
KOMEN PENSYARAH

GP PdP Edisi 2020

L(16) P:0 08.03.2021
 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

1.0 NO EXPERIMENT: 1

2.0 TITLE: RESISTOR COLOR CODE AND ANALOG MULTIMETER MEASUREMENT

3.0 OBJECTIVE:
1. To acquaint students with the skill to read resistor values based on color code.
2. To acquaint students with the skill to read the analog multimeter
3. To measure the value of the resistor in series and parallel circuit using Digital Multi-meter (DMM)

4.0 COMPONENT/EQUIPMENT:
Resistor
Analog & Digital Multi-meter
Bread-board
Connecting wires

5.0 THEORY
1) Resistor
Resistors is a passive two-terminal electrical compenent that implements electrical resistance as a circuit
element . In electrical circuits, resistors are used to reduce curret flow , adjust signal levels , to divide
voltages , bia active elements and terminate transmission lines among other uses. For the resistor color
bands , the first two bands are significant values , the third is a multiplier and the fitfth band is
tolerance.
2) Multimeter
A multimeter is a measuring instrument that can measure multiple electrical properties . A typical
multimeter can measure voltage , resistance , and current , in which case it is also known as a volt-ohm-
milliammeter (VOM) as the unit is equipped with voltmeter , ammeter , and ohmmeter functionality .
some feature the measurement of additional properties such as temperature and volume .

6.0 PROCEDURES

1) Prepare materials such as resistor , analog and digital multi-meter, bread-board and connecting wires.
2) For resistor , determine coded resistance by identify the amount of bands on the resistor.
3) Based on the color code chart , identify the value each band .
4) Multiply the first and second band’s values . After that , multiply with the third band’s value to get
value of resistance (Ω). Calculate the amount of tolerance and finally find the maximum and minimum
value by adding and subtracting the resistance’s value with the value of tolerance .
5) For analog multimeter , connect the meter in series with the lood. Set the range selector. Knob to
appropriate DCV range for DC Voltage measurement and DCA range for DC current measurement.
6) Take out measured circuit and apply the block-test pin to minus potential of measured circuit and the
red test pin to the potential .
7) Read the movement of the pointer by V and A scale.
 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

8) For resistance measurement, turn range selector knob to approtiate Ω range .

9) Short the red and black test pin and turn the 0Ω so that the pointer may align exactly to 0Ω .
 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

PART B – ANALOG MULTIMETER READING

1. Measuring DC Voltage using Analog Multimeter

Basic
 The red meter lead/probe is Positive.
 The black meter lead/probe is Negative.
 There are three meter scales you are working with.c

Each range on the DC display is used for three positions of the selector switch
 The 10 range is used for 10V and 1000V selector switch positions.
 The 50 range is used for 0.5V and 50V selector switch positions.
 The 250 range is used for 2.5V and 250V selector switch positions.

To protect the meter when measuring voltage, here are some guidelines to follow
 Do not let the meter “peg” – means needle at full deflection
 Start measuring the highest range of selector switch for unknown voltages
 Pay attention to the polarity and meter probe placement

This is the position you will start with.

For Unknown Voltage, start high on Selector switch and adjust down to accurately measure the
voltage
 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

Example:1 Exercise:1
This is 1000 DCV on selector switch. This is 250 DCV on selector switch.
Here is a meter reading. What would you read Here is a meter reading. What would you read
if the selector switch was at 1000 DCV if the selector switch was at 250 DCV

Answer: Answer: _______𝟐𝟐𝟓_______ DCV

You would use 10 meter range multiply by 100
to determine the actual range
This means 2=200, 8=800 etc…
The minor increments = 20 VCD
The meter reading is approximately 930 VDC
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REPORT: LABORATORY 1

Exercise:2 Exercise:3
This is 50 DCV on selector switch This is 2.5 DCV on selector switch
Here is a meter reading. What would you Here is a meter reading. What would you
read if the selector switch was at 50 DCV? read if the selector switch was at 2.5 DCV?

Answer: _______24________ DCV Answer: ________70_______ DCV

 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

2. Measuring DC current using Analog Multimeter

Basic
 The red meter lead/probe is Positive.
 The black meter lead/probe is Negative.
 There are three meter scales you are working with.c

Each range on the DC display is used for two positions of the selector switch
 The 250 range is used for 0.25A, 25mA and 2.5mA selector switch positions.
 The 50 range is used for 50µA selector switch positions.

To protect the meter when measuring voltage, here are some guidelines to follow
 Do not let the meter “peg” – means needle at full deflection
 Start measuring the highest range of selector switch for unknown voltages
 Pay attention to the polarity and meter probe placement

Exercise:1 Exercise:2
This is 2.5 DCmA on selector switch.Here is a This is 0.25 DCmA on selector switch.Here is a
meter reading. What would you read if the meter reading. What would you read if the
selector switch was at 2.5 DCmA? selector switch was at 0.25 DCmA?

Answer: _______1.25_______ DCmA Answer: _______0.07_______ DCmA

 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

3. Measuring Resistance using Analog Multimeter

Basic
 The red meter lead/probe is Positive.
 The black meter lead/probe is Negative.
 Must do 0Ω adjustment every time change the Ohm (Ω) selector

Range on the Ω display is not same fungsion like DCV and DCmA selector.
Fungsion of Ω selector is for multiplier unit in analog multi-meter not the maximum limit range.
 X 1 mean the answer must multiplier with “1”
 X10 mean the answer must multiplier with “10”
 X1Kmean the answer must multiplier with “1000”
 X10Kmean the answer must multiplier with “10000” etc..

To protect the meter when measuring voltage, here are some guidelines to follow
 Do not let the meter “peg” – means needle at full deflection
 Start measuring the highest range of selector switch for unknown voltages

Example:

This is X1 Ω on selector switch.

Here is a meter reading. What would you read if the
selector switch was at is X1 Ω?

Answer :
Selector X1 Ω
Meter scale = 22

Result Answer : 22 X 1Ω = 22Ω

 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

Exercise:1 Exercise:2
This is X10 Ω on selector switch.Here is a meter This is X1K Ω on selector switch.Here is a meter
reading. What would you read if the selector reading. What would you read if the selector
switch was at is X10 Ω? switch was at is X1K Ω?

Answer: __𝟓𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎Ω = 𝟓𝟓𝟎________ Ω Answer: ___ 𝟐. 𝟐 × 𝟏𝒌Ω = 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟎 _____ Ω

 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

Exercise:3
This is X1K Ω on selector switch.Here is a meter reading. What would you read if the selector switch was
at is X1K Ω?

Answer: ____ 𝟐𝟐 × 𝟏𝒌Ω = 𝟐𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎 _______ Ω

[8 marks]
 DJJ20053: ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
REPORT: LABORATORY 1

8.0 DISCUSSION:

a. What is the function of tolerance value at each resistor?

Tolerance indicates how much the measured value of its actual resistance is different
from its theoretical value, and it is calculated using percentages.
[1 mark]
b. Why we need to find the maximum and minimum value of each resistor?

Resistors are used to limit the current in a circuit or to get a voltage drop across it.

[1 mark]
c. What is the difference between the test probe red and test probe black on the analog
multimeter?
The black one is normally connected to the negative (-) or common terminal of the meter.
The red probe is generally connected to the positive (+) terminal of the meter.

[2 marks]
d. What is the first step we need to do if we want to measure the resistance value using the
analog multimeter?
Always make sure the power is turned off and disconnected before measuring resistance.

[1 mark]
e. Where is the position of the multimeter while measure the value of the current and
voltage in a circuit?
The voltage position is must parallel to the multimeter while the current position is must
in series with the multimeter.

[2 marks]
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REPORT: LABORATORY 1

9.0 CONCLUSION:
Instead of using such as multimeter, resistance value can be determined by it`s color coding.
There are small between color coded value and measured of resistances. These difference
may be caused by some factors such as multitester used in the experiment and some silly
mistakes made by experimenters. It is much easier to read resistance value of a resistor
through a digital multimeter than by using an analor multimeter and by color coding.

[4 marks]