DIET THERAPY

DIET
• is the sum of food consumed by a person or
other organism.
• implies the use of specific intake of nutrition
for health or weight-management reasons.
 DIET THERAPY
• is a broad term for the alteration or adoption
of a diet to prevent or treat a disease or to
simply promote optimum health.
 Purpose of Diet Therapy

• 1. To maintain or restore good nutritional

status
 Purpose of Diet Therapy

• 2. To correct
nutritional
deficiencies
• Anemia: Iron +
Vitamin C
 Purpose of Diet Therapy

• 3. To afford rest to a particular organ

 Purpose of Diet Therapy
• 4. To adjust the diet to the ability of the body to
metabolize the nutrients
Type 2 diabetes
impairs the body's ability to metabolise glucose.

Type 2 diabetes
Consequently blood sugars become elevated

Type 2 diabetes
weight gain is more likely

Type 2 diabetes
the resistance to insulin becomes greater.
 Purpose of Diet Therapy

• 5. To bring about the changes in the body

weight
Hospital Routine Diet
 Hospital Routine Diet:

• 1. Full, general or regular diet - designed for

patients who require no special dietary
modifications or restrictions.
• DAT (Diet as Tolerated)
 Hospital Routine Diet:
• 2. Soft Diet -- patients who are unable to chew, swallow or
digest foods
 Hospital Routine Diet:
• 3. Liquid Diet -- Clear, full, cold, osterized,
blenderized or tube feeding
REGULAR DIET
 REGULAR DIET
• is a meal plan that includes a variety of foods
from all of the food groups.
• A healthy meal plan is low in unhealthy fats,
salt, and added sugar.
HEALTHY MEAL PLAN
 A healthy meal plan
• is low in unhealthy fats, salt, and added sugar.
 A healthy meal plan

Half of your plate should contain fruits and

vegetables.
 GUIDELINES
• Choose and prepare foods and drinks with less
salt and added sugars.

• A percent daily value of 5% or less means that the

food is low in a nutrient. A percent daily value of
20% or more means that the food is high in a
nutrient.
 GUIDELINES
• Get 2 hours and 30 minutes or more of
physical activity each week, such as brisk
walking.
 GUIDELINES
• Get 1 hour and 15 minutes of physical activity
each week if the activity requires a higher
level of effort, such as running. Spread
physical activity throughout the week.
 GUIDELINES
• Limit the amount of alcohol you drink.
• Alcohol can
damage your
brain, heart, and
liver. It can
increase your risk
of a stroke and
high blood
pressure.
 GUIDELINES
• Women should limit alcohol to 1 drink a day.
 GUIDELINES
Men should limit alcohol to 2 drinks a day.
A drink of alcohol is 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces
of wine, or 1% ounces of liquor.
REGULAR DIET
 REGULAR DIET
• The regular diet composed of all types of
foods, is well balanced and capable of
maintaining a state of good nutrition.
• It is intended for convalescing patients who do
not require a therapeutic diet.
MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET
• These diets are modifications of the regular
diet designed to meet specific patient
needs.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET
• Method of preparation (boiling or broiling)
• Consistency (ground or chopped)
• Total calories (high or low calorie diets)
• Nutrients (altering carbohydrate, protein, fat,
vitamins, minerals)
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
EXAMPLE: DIABETIC DIET
• •Allowing only specific foods
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
SOFT DIET
• This diet is soft in texture and consists of liquids
and semisolid foods.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
SOFT DIET
• It is indicated in certain postoperative cases, for
convalescents who cannot tolerate a regular
diet, in acute illnesses, and in some
gastrointestinal disorders.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
SOFT DIET
• It is an intermediate step between the liquid and
regular diets.

LIQUID REGULAR DIETS

 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
SOFT DIET

• It is low in connective tissue and indigestible

dietary fiber.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
SOFT DIET
• Little or no condiments are used in its preparation.
• Why?
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
LIQUID DIET

• This diet consists of foods that are in a liquid

state at body temperature.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
LIQUID DIET
• It is important that feedings consisting of 6 to
8 ounces or more be given every2 to 3 hours
while the patient is awake.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
LIQUID DIET
• It is indicated in some post-operative cases, in
acute illnesses, and in inflammatory
conditions of the gastrointestinal(GI) tract.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
LIQUID DIET
• These diets are usually ordered as clear, full,
or dental liquid.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
LIQUID DIET

• A clear liquid diet includes clear broths, black

tea or coffee, plain gelatin, and clear fruit
juices (apple, grape, and cranberry), popsicles,
fruit drinks, and soft drinks. This diet is in-
adequate in all nutrients.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
FULL LIQUID DIET
• -includes all the liquids
served in a clear liquid diet,
with the addition of strained
soups and broths, milk and
milk drinks, ice cream,
sherbet, puddings, and
custard.
• The all liquid diet is
inadequate in iron, niacin,
and possibly Vitamin A and
thiamin.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
DENTAL LIQUID DIET

• A dental liquid diet includes foods slenderized

and strained in liquid form and all foods
allowed on clear and full liquid diets.
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
DENTAL LIQUID DIET

• Vitamin and mineral supplements may be

necessary with the dental liquid diet if the
recommended amounts of food are not
tolerated.
 HIGH FIBER DIET
• A high-fiber diet is a commonly recommended
treatment for digestive problems: such as
constipation, diarrhea, and hemorrhoids.
 WHAT IS FIBER?

Most dietary fiber is not digested

or absorbed (so it stays within the
intestine where it modulates
digestion of other foods and affects
the consistency of stool)
 TYPES OF DIETARY FIBER?
SOLUBLE FIBER INSOLUBLE FIBER

• consists of a group • comes from plant

of substances that cells walls and does
is made of not dissolve in
carbohydrates and water.
dissolves in water. • wheat, rye, and
• fruits, oats, barley, other grains, wheat
and legumes (peas bran
and beans).
 MODIFIED OR THERAPEUTIC DIET-
HIGH FIBER DIET
• Benefits:
• decreased risk of heart disease, stroke, and
type 2 diabetes.
 BENEFITS OF A HIGH-FIBER DIET
• Insoluble fiber (wheat bran, and some fruits
and vegetables) has been recommended to
treat digestive problems such as constipation,
hemorrhoids, chronic diarrhea, and fecal
incontinence.
 BENEFITS OF A HIGH-FIBER DIET
• Fiber bulks the stool, making it softer and
easier to pass. Fiber helps the stool pass
regularly, although it is not a laxative.
• Soluble fiber (psyllium, pectin, wheat dextrin,
and oat products) can reduce the risk of
coronary artery disease and stroke by 40 to 50
percent (compared to a low fiber diet)
 BENEFITS OF A HIGH-FIBER DIET
• • Soluble fiber can also reduce the risk of
developing type 2 diabetes.
• In people who have diabetes (type 1 and 2),
soluble fiber can help to control blood glucose
levels.
 RECOMMENDED AMOUNT OF DIETARY FIBER
• • The recommended
amount of dietary fiber is
20 to 35 grams per day.
• By reading the nutrition
label on packaged foods,
it is possible to determine
the number of grams of
dietary fiber per serving
 FIBER SIDE EFFECTS
• abdominal bloating or gas.
This can sometimes be
minimized by starting with a
small amount and slowly
increasing until stools
become softer and more
frequent.
• However, many people,
including those with irritable
bowel syndrome, cannot
tolerate fiber supplements
and do better by not
increasing fiber in their diet.
 VEGETARIAN DIET
• The term vegetarian generally means
a person who does not consume
animal products; this includes land
and sea animals.
• Most vegetarians generally do
consume eggs and dairy products
(milk products).
 VEGAN
• Somebody who does not consume any animal
protein at all, not even eggs, dairy, or honey
• only consume plant-based foods
 Ovo-vegetarians
• they consume eggs, but no dairy. Most do
consume honey.
 Lacto-vegetarians
• they consume dairy products, but no eggs.
Most do consume honey.
 Lacto-ovovegetarians
•they consume eggs and dairy. Most do
consume honey.
 VEGETARIAN DIET-BENEFITS
• Have a lower body weight
• Have better cholesterol levels
• Live longer
• Have a lower risk of developing cancer
• Have a lower risk of developing several
diseases
 THERAPEUTIC DIETS
• refer to diets indicated for the treatment of
various medical and surgical conditions
• e.g. the gluten-free diet used for the
treatment of celiac disease.
 Therapeutic Diets
• Healthy Eating
• We provide a healthy eating menu which has
been specifically modified for people with
diabetes or heart disease. A varied range of
main meals and snacks are available that are
lower in total fat and sugar content.
 Therapeutic Diets
• Gluten-Free
• These dishes do not contain wheat, rye, barley
or oats.
• Suitable gluten free varieties of bread, pasta
and biscuits are readily available
GLUTEN-FREE DIET FOR PTS WITH
CELIAC DISEASE
a digestive and autoimmune disorder
that can damage the small intestine.

Gluten can worsen….

can worsen autism symptoms by causing
inflammation in the gut that spreads to
the brain.

Eliminating gluten and casein may help to

change symptoms and behaviors of autism.
 Therapeutic Diets
• Renal
• This diet is required for
people with impaired kidney
function. The person with
kidney disease may need to
modify their intake of some
or all of the following
• dietary components - protein,
salt, potassium and
phosphate.
 Therapeutic Diets

Modified Consistency
• These diets are generally required for people
with difficulty swallowing, for example,
following a stroke.
• Puree and soft diets are available. Foods are
thickened with food thickener as/if necessary
to ensure the correct consistency.
 FINALS
• Choose a common nutritional problem and
create an INFOMERCIAL which would focus on
improving the nutritional status of clients:
• Group 1- pregnant women
• Group 2 – lactating
• Group 3 – Infants
• Group 4 – Toddlers (eg. picky eaters)
• Group 5 – Pre-schoolers/Schoolage
 FINALS
• Choose a common nutritional problem and
create an INFOMERCIAL which would focus on
improving the nutritional status of clients:
• Group 6- adolescents (eg. poor dietary lifestyle)
• Group 7 – adults (renal failure)
• Group 8 – elderly (dementia)
• NOTE: (telegram, canvas, FB-tag your
instructor)