9 MATH Q4W1-4

Exercise 1
Sides
Angle sinθ cosθ tanθ cscθ secθ cotθ
Opposite Adjacent Hypotenuse
a c a b b c
∠A a c b b b c a c a
c a c b b a
∠B c a b b b a c a c

Exercise 2
1. If A = 15° and c = 37, find a.
c = hypotenuse
a = opposite ∠x

opposite
sin θ=
hypotenuse
a
sin A=
37
a
sin 15=
37
a=37 sin 15 °

2. If A = 76° and a = 13, find b.

c = hypotenuse
a = opposite of ∠A
b = adjacent

opposite
tanθ=
adjacent
13
tan A=
b
13
tan76 ° =
b
b tan76 ° =13
13
b=
tan 76 °

3. If A = 49° and a = 10, find c.

c = hypotenuse
a = opposite of ∠A

opposite
sin θ=
hypotenuse
10
sin A=
c
10
sin 49 °=
c
c sin 49 °=10
 10
c=
sin 49 °

4. If a = 21.2 and A = 71°, find b.

a = opposite of ∠A
b = adjacent

opposite
tanθ=
adjacent
21.2
tan71 °=
b
b tan71 °=21.2
21.2
b=
tan 71°

5. If a = 13 and B = 16°, find c.

c = hypotenuse
a = adjacent
b = opposite of ∠B

adjacent
cos θ=
hypotenuse
13
sin B=
c
13
sin 16 °=
c
c sin 16° =13
13
c=
sin 16 °

Exercise 3 A = 42.34°

1.
A

c = 23cm
b = 17cm

C B
C = 90° a = 15.49cm B = 47.66°

b = adjacent side of ∠A
c = hypotenuse

b
cos A= m∠ B=180−∠ A+∠C
c
17
cos A= m∠ B=180−42.34+90
23
cos A=0.7391 m∠ B=180−132.34
m∠ A=42.34 ° m∠ B=47.66 °

a 2+b 2=c 2
 a 2=c 2−b 2
a 2=232−17 2
a 2=529−589
a 2=264
√ a2= √240
a=15.49 cm

A = 15°
2.
A

c = 37cm

b = 35.74cm
C B
C = 90° a = 9.58cm B = 75°

adjacent opposite
m∠ B=180−∠ A+∠C cos θ= sin θ=
hypotenuse hypotenuse
b a
m∠ B=180−15+ 90 cos A= sin A=
37 37
b a
m∠ B=180−105 cos 15 °= sin 15 °=
37 37
m∠ B=75° b=37 cos 15 ° a=37 sin 15 °
b=35.74 cm b=9.38 cm

A = 26°
3.
A

c = 19.2cm
b = 17.26cm
C B
C = 90° a = 8.41cm B = 64°
 c = hypotenuse c = hypotenuse
b = opposite of ∠B a = adjacent of ∠B
opposite adjacent
m∠ A=180−∠ C+∠ B sin θ= cos θ=
hypotenuse hypotenuse
b a
m∠ A=180−90+64 sin B= cos B=
19.2 19.2
b a
m∠ A=180−154 sin 64 °= cos 64 °=
19.2 19.2
m∠ A=26 ° b=19.2 sin64 ° b=19.2 cos 64 °
b=17.26 cm b=8.41 cm

A = 76°
4.
A

c = 13.2cm
b = 3.24cm
C B
C = 90° a = 13cm B = 14°

c = hypotenuse
a = adjacent of ∠B
opposite adjacent
m∠ B=180−∠ C +∠ A tanθ= cos θ=
adjacent hypotenuse
13 13
m∠ B=180−90+ 76 tan A= cos B=
b c
13 13
m∠ B=180−166 tan76 ° = cos 14 ° =
b c
m∠ B=14 ° b tan76 ° =13 c cos 14 °=13
13 13
b= c=
tan 76 ° cos 14 °
b=3.24 cm b=13.4 cm

A = 59.74°
5.
A

c = 13.89cm
b = 12cm
C B
C = 90° a = 7cm B = 30.26°

opposite
c 2 ¿ a2 +b2 tanθ= m∠ B=180−∠ C +∠ A
adjacent
12
c 2 ¿7 2+ 122 tan A= m∠ B=180−90+ 59.74
7
c 2=49+1 44 tan A=1.71 m∠ B=180−149.74

√ c 2=√ 193 A=59.74 ° m∠ B=30.26 °

c=13.89 cm

Guide Questions
1. What are the six trigonometric ratios? Sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant and
cotangent.

2. Using a right triangle, what is the trigonometric ratio of sin θ? cos θ? tan θ? csc θ?
opposite adjacent opposite hypotenuse
sec θ? cot θ? sin θ = hypotenuse , cos θ = hypotenuse , tan θ = adjacent , csc θ = opposite , sec θ =
hypotenuse adjacent
adjacent
, and cot θ = opposite

3. How to solve the missing parts of a right triangle using trigonometric ratio? By using
the Pythagorean Theorem.

Reflection
I have learned that there are six different trigonometric ratios.
I have realized that these symbols were in the calculator.
I will apply this lesson when finding for the measurement of a triangle.

MELC 2
Activity 1
t=8 g = √2
r = 8 l = √4

o = 60√ 2 n = 15
o = 15

Exercise 2
sin 60 °
0
1
2
tan30 °
1
7
4
tan 45 °
 sec 45°
cot 30 °
√2
4
1
2
csc 60 °
6 √2
sin 30 °
9
4

Solution
1 3 1 3 2 3
1. √2 + √2 = √2 =√ 3
1 1
2. 2 − 2 =0
3.¿ ¿
√ 3 = √ 9 = 3 =1
4. ( √ 3 ) ( 3) 3 3
1 √3 √3 1 √ 9 1 1
5. ( 2 ) ( 1 )+( 3 )( 2 )= 2 + 6 = 2 + 2 =1
√3 √3 √9 3 1 7
6. ( 2 )( 2 )+1= 4 + 1= 4 + 1 = 4
1
7. 2 ( 2 )+1=1+1=2
√2
8. 3 x+ 2 ( 2 )=4 √2 3 x=4 √2−√ 2 x=√ 2∨sec 45 °

9. 3 csc 60 °−x=√ 3 x=√ 3−2 √ 3 x=√ 3∨cot 30°

√2 1 √2 1 √ 2
10. 2 (1− 2 )= 2 ( 2 )= 4
√3 √3 − 1 1 = √9 − 1 = 3 − 1 =1
11. ( )( ) ( )( )
2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 2
1 2(3) 6
12. ( ) ( ) ( √3 ) 2 √ 3 = 2 √ 9 = = =1
2 3 6 3 6
√ 2 +3 ( 2 )=3 2+3 2=6 2
13. ( ) 36
2
√ √ √ √
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
14. ( ) ( )
3
2
+2
2
−2 ( 1 ) =
2
1 +1−2=
2
=
2 2 2
3 1 6 3 9
15. ( ) ( )
2
2
+3 = + =
2 2 2 4
Exercise 3
1. ¿
2 3 9 3
( √3 ¿( √3 )−(√3)( √3 )
√ 9 − √9 = 3 − 3 =1−1=0
3 3 3 3

5 sin2 30 ° +cos 2 45 ° + 4 tan 2 60 °

2. 2 sin30 ° cos 45 ° + tan 45 °
2
1 2 √3
5
2()( )
+
2
+4 ( √3 )
2

= 1 2
2 ( ) ( √ ) +1
2 2
1 4
5 + √ + 4 ( √ 9)
4 4
= 2
1( √ )+1
2
5 √4
+ +4 (3)
4 4
= 2 1
( √ )+
2 1
 5 2
+ +12
4 4
= √2+2
2
5 2
+ +12
4 4
= √2+2
2
7 12
+
4 1
= √2+2
2
7+12
4
= √ 2+2
2
55 2
= (
4 √ 2+2 )
55
= 2 ( √ 2+2 )
55
= √ 2+ 4

Guide Questions
How did you answer the exercises? By using the six trigonometric ratios.
What mathematical concepts did you apply to find the answer? By using the six
trigonometric ratios.

Reflection
I have learned that you can find the trigonometric ratios of special triangles.
I have realized that 30°, 60° and 45° are special angles.
I will apply our lesson when measuring special angles in triangles.

MELC 3
Activity 1
Line
Angle of Angle of
of
Figure Elevatio Depressio
Eigh
n n
t

∠B ∠O ´
OB

∠O ∠X ´
XO

∠O ∠A ´
AO
 ∠Y ∠O ´
OY

∠R ∠Q ´
QR

Activity 2
1. E
2. D
3. E
4. D
5. E

Activity 3
Activity 4
1.

Draw the Diagram

What is/are given? h = 12m

What is to be determined? s = 19m
opp
Formula used tanθ=
adj
12
tanθ=
Solution 19
θ=32°

2.
Draw the Diagram
What is/are given? h = 92m
What is to be determined? ∠ = 12°
opp
Formula used tanθ=
adj
92
tanθ=
x
x tan=92
Solution 92
x = tan 12°
x = 432.8m

3.
Draw the Diagram
What is/are given? h = 250m
What is to be determined? s = 170m
opp
Formula used tanθ=
adj
250
tanθ=
Solution 170
θ=55°

4.
Draw the Diagram
What is/are given? h = 280m
What is to be determined? ∠ = 25°
 Formula used x tan θ=280
280
x ¿ tan 28 °
Solution
x = 600.5m

5.

Draw the Diagram

What is/are given?

h = 1200m
What is to be
∠ = 28°
determined?
Formula used x tan θ=1200
1200
x ¿ tan 28 °
Solution
x = 2256.9m

Guide Questions
1. Did you encounter any difficulty in illustrating angles of elevation and angle of
depression? Yes, a little.
2. How did you identify angle of elevation from angle of depression? Angle of
elevation is the angle between the horizontal line of sight and the line of sight up to
an object, while the angle of depression is the angle between the horizontal line of
sight and the line of sight down to an object.
3. How will you define angle of elevation and angle of depression in your own words?
If a person stands and looks up at an object, the angle of elevation is the angle
between the horizontal line of sight and the object. If a person stands and looks down
at an object, the angle of depression is the angle between the horizontal line of sight
and the object.
4. How did you solve the problems and what mathematical concept did you apply? By
illustrating angles of elevation and depression.

Reflection
1. What have you learned from this lesson? I learned about angles of depression and
elevation.
2. What situations in your life can you apply the concepts you have learned today?
When measuring the distance of a certain point to another.