Final Requirement - Group6 - Salazar-Salipande-Senining-Waje-Valenzuela-Zara

Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

BatStateU Alangilan
Alangilan, Batangas City
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
https://batstate-u.edu.ph/, Tel. No. (043) 425-0139 loc. 118/2121
Civil and Sanitary Engineering Department
A FEASIBILITY DESIGN OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT FOR LAUNDRY
WASTEWATER AT BRGY. SAN MIGUEL, PADRE GARCIA, BATANGAS
A Project Design
Presented to Engr. Nelmar P. Porlaje
Faculty of Civil and Sanitary Engineering Department
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Batangas State University
Alangilan, Batangas City
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the course:
EnSE 520: Water Purification Process and Design
By:
Salazar, Raven Adrian B.
Salipande, Joshua G.
Senining, Samuel L.
Valenzuela, Mara D.
Waje, Patrick Ian C.
Zara, Jean Pearl T.
MAY 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Title Page i
Table of Contents ii
I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 1

A. INTRODUCTION 1
B. RATIONALE OF THE PROJECT 2
Figure 1. Lone outfall sewer discharging laundry
4
wastewater to the water body
C. PROJECT LOCATION 4
Figure 2. Proposed Working Location 5
D. DESCRIPTIVE DEFINITION OF THE PROJECT 6
Figure 3. Summary of Unit Processes and Operations for
9
WTF
E. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT STUDY 9
II. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 11

Table 1. Environmental Management Plan for The
11
Project
III. RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN 16

Table 2. Risk Management Plan for The Project 16
IV. PROJECT DESIGN 19

A. BRIEF DISCUSSION OF UNIT PROCESS AND
19
OPERATIONS
Figure 4. Process Flow Diagram for Laundry Shop
20
Wastewater Treatment Facility Project
B. DETAILED PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS 20
Figure 5. Anaerobic Upflow Filter Tank 21
Figure 6. Dosing Chamber 22
Figure 7. Aerobic Filter Tank 23
Figure 8. Storage Tank 24
C. LAUNDRY WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY
25
CAPACITY SUMMARY
Table 3. Laundry Wastewater Treatment Facility
25
Capacity Summary
V. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 26
VI. COMPUTATIONS 28
6.1 Population Estimation 28
6.2 Average Discharge (QAVE) 28
6.3 Aerobic Filter Tank 29
6.4 Storage Tank 29
REFERENCES 31
ATTACHMENTS: DESIGN PLANS AND LAYOUTS 33
A Feasibility Design of Water Treatment Facility for Laundry Wastewater…
Salazar, R., Salipande, J., Senining, S., Valenzuela, M., Waje, P., & Zara, J.
I. The Problem and Its Background

A. Introduction
The Philippines is a nation made up of 7,107 islands located in Southeast Asia's
western Pacific. The Luzon Strait, the South China Sea, the Sulu Sea, the Celebes Sea,
and the Philippine Sea surround the region. According to the United Nations, the
Philippines' unchecked, accelerated population growth has contributed to widespread
poverty, environmental destruction, and pollution. Water pollution is a major problem
in the Philippines. The consequences of water contamination cost the Philippines $1.3
billion a year. The government tries to attempt to clear up the mess by imposing
penalties on polluters and imposing pollution taxation, but several issues remain
unresolved. According to government sampling reports, coliform was found in up to 58
percent of the groundwater sampled, and water-borne causes were responsible for about
one-third of the illnesses observed over a five-year span. Furthermore, several countries
face water scarcity during the dry season (WEPA, 2016).
Laundry wastewater contains an excessive amount of nutrients, which depletes
oxygen and reduces photosynthesis of the inhabitants and contaminants that can pose a
danger to public health. Water quality is determined by variables such as dissolved
oxygen (DO) content, acidity, the number of suspended particles, and the presence of
microorganisms. The consistency of water is an essential factor to remember while
using it. Water with a comparatively large ion content is unfit for consumption;
however, it may be used for irrigation (Class C). Polluted water is unsuitable for human
use, although it may be handled in several ways based on contaminant and effluent
desired form. Surfactants, also known as surface-active agents or wetting agents, are
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massive compounds that are only partially soluble in water. It reduces the surface
tension of water, causing foams to form on the surface. The method of analysis is used
to evaluate the surfactants, and methylene blue dye is used as a surfactant.
Wastewater is more than just a waste product. Energy (heat), lint, dirt, dyes,
finishing agents, and other detergent chemicals are all present in the waste generated by
the laundry operation. When it comes to sewage infrastructure, any laundry wastewater
is discharged directly into the atmosphere. The rest of the laundry wastewater is treated
at waste material treatment plants before being released into the area. On the other side,
certain detergent additives linger in the environment, contaminating our water supply
and potentially causing animal mortality due to a shortage of oxygen (Steber, 2011).
B. Rationale of The Project
If pollution is not adequately handled, it may have a detrimental effect on the
ecosystem and human health. Fish and habitat habitats may be harmed, and oxygen
levels may be depleted, beach closures and other bans on public water usage, fish and
shellfish fishing restrictions, and drinking water pollution can occur.
Some examples of contaminants present in wastewater, as well as the possible
damage these compounds can do to habitats and human health: decomposing organic
matter and sediment will deplete dissolved oxygen in a lake, making it impossible for
fish and other marine life to live; excessive nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen
(including ammonia), can cause eutrophication, or over-fertilization of receiving waters,
which can be toxic to aquatic organisms, promote excessive plant growth, reduce
2
available oxygen, harm spawning grounds, alter habitat and lead to a decline in certain
species; chlorine compounds and inorganic chloramines may poison marine
invertebrates, algae, and fish; and bacteria, viruses, and disease-causing pathogens may
contaminate beaches and shellfish stocks, limiting human tourism, drinking water
intake, and shellfish consumption.
The primary goal of wastewater treatment is to extract as many dissolved solids
as practicable before returning the residual water, known as effluent, to the atmosphere.
Solid matter decomposes, which depletes oxygen, which is needed by aquatic plants and
animals.
About 60% of dissolved solids are removed from drainage through "primary
treatment." Aerating (stirring up) the drainage to reintroduce oxygen is also part of this
treatment. More than 90% of suspended solids are removed through secondary therapy.
A laundry shop in Padre Garcia, Batangas, was analyzed by the researchers. The
laundry shop has been discharging its effluent without treatment for more than two
decades. As a result, untreated effluent has been discharged continuously until now.
They have two accepting pick-up points located at Lipa City. Bed covers and pillow
cases from hotels and resorts are their only laundries. The procedure is carried out using
washing machines. The laundry shop's total daily laundry load is 750kg-800kg. The
operation's water supply comes from a 300-gallon water tank. Laundry wastewater
collection was completed at 9:30 p.m., while the activity was at its peak.
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Source: San Miguel, Padre

Garcia, Batangas
Date Captured: March 10, 2021
Figure 1. Lone outfall sewer discharging
laundry wastewater to the water body
C. Project Location
With the provided situation and challenge, the researchers/project team agreed
to pursue a feasible project study involving a water treatment plant design to bridge the
water gap among difficulties. The project intends to prevent water contamination where
the laundry shop discharges their polluted water and design a water treatment system
that will treat contaminated water. The project's planned working area (Figure 2) is San
Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas
4
Source: Google Map Data, 2021

Date Captured: March 10, 2021
Figure 2. Proposed Working Location
The proposed location of the Project has a project area of 7,324.62 m2 and is
theoretically and strategically positioned since it will help the turbines of the treatment
plant to also provide energy to the facility.
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D. Descriptive Definition of the Project
This project entitled “A Feasibility Design of Water Treatment Plant for
Laundry Wastewater at Brgy. San Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas” aims to
improve the quality of wastewater being discharged by the laundry shop by providing
facilities and treatment system design processes. This feasibility design will be adopting
a “Fixed Type” (Davis, 2010) water treatment facility having a design period of 25 years
(Davis, 2010). Furthermore, the plant layout to be used is a linear type of design.
In line with this, the Water Treatment Facility will be having the following
services and inclusions in the design lay-out:
1. Anaerobic Filters
In household greywater treatment systems, anaerobic filters are commonly
used as a secondary treatment stage. The anaerobic filter is a solids-targeting
biofilm device (fixed-film reactor) connected to the anaerobic filter. It consists of a
watertight tank with many layers of submerged media that provide bacteria with
surface space to settle. The wastewater comes into touch with the biomass on the
filter as it runs into it, normally from bottom to top (up-flow). It is then exposed to
anaerobic degradation. Prior to greywater passing via the anaerobic filter, primary
treatment in a septic tank is normally needed to remove larger solids.
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2. Dosing Chamber
Dosing tank is located in the sewage pool or other chemical liquid pool, after
before the distribution of lateral system in sewage. If there is an on-demand system,
the pump is shut down when sufficient waste water is collected from the tank and
the dose is delivered. Commonly used with sewage treatment and other industrial
situations. The capacity of our dosing pumps ranges from 0.4 l/h to 2000 l/h with a
pressure up to 220 bar. A suitable material is available for each dosing medium.
(Davis, 2010)
Dosing chamber means a watertight receptacle located between the OWTS
treatment unit (i.e., septic tank or supplemental treatment unit) and a disposal field
equipped with an automatic siphon or pump designed to discharge wastewater
intermittently to the distribution pipe or lateral in amounts proportioned to the
capacity of such lines or laterals and to provide adequate rest periods between such
discharges.
3. Aerobic Filter
Aerobic systems need a method of providing oxygen to the biomass, which
may be achieved by using wastewater treatment ponds (which operate by having a
wide surface area for adding air to the wastewater) or integrating a mechanical
aeration unit. Aerobic systems are less energy effective than anaerobic systems due
to the need to circulate or otherwise aerate the wastewater. Aerobic treatment is a
7
form of biological wastewater treatment that takes place in an oxygen-rich setting.
Organics in wastewater are converted to carbon dioxide and fresh biomass by
aerobic biomass. Finally, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), gross suspended
solids (TSS), nitrogen, and phosphorus can be reduced still further. In a method
known as biological nutrient recovery, aerobic treatment systems may be used
directly to extract nitrogen and phosphorus (BNR).
4. Storage Tank
This is provided order to balance high water demands and to help maintain
stable treatment processes; the storage tanks from the site will allow the further
contact time with the filtered water and sodium hypochlorite ensuring efficient
disinfection before discharge or use in irrigation or in the gardening.
8
Summary of how the Water Treatment System will treat the Laundry Shop wastewater
for discharge or irrigation:
Laundry Shop Wastewater
Collection Greywater Tank
Anaerobic Upflow Filter Tank Start of treatment

Addition of coagulating agents
Dosing Tank
Disinfection Method (30 minutes) using chlorine
Storage Tank End of treatment

Holding of treated water ready for discharge/irrigation
Figure 3. Summary of Unit Processes and Operations for WTF
E. Objectives of the Project Study
The feasibility project design aims to propose a feasible project design of water
treatment facility for the laundry shop located at San Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas.
Furthermore, the study will incorporate existing laws and ordinances for its design
considerations.
Specifically, the main thrusts of the project study are:
1. To provide Environmental Management Plan and Risk Management Plan for
the feasibility project;

9
2. To propose a feasibility design of water treatment facility; and
3. To provide plans and specifications including computations on the proposed
water treatment facility.
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II. Environmental Management Plan
This project, A Feasibility Design of Water Treatment Plant for Laundry
Wastewater at Brgy. San Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas, is a treatment facility that
has been identified as posing a threat to the ecological setting of the region where it is
proposed to be constructed. In order to reduce and avoid potential environmental issues, a
suitable environmental protection strategy is hereby given.
Table 1. Environmental Management Plan for The Project

Environmental Management Plan
Environmental Mitigation / Enhancement

Potential Impact
Concerns Measures
Project Phase: Pre-construction and Construction

- Modification of the land's current
topography and a minimal rise in Pre-construction operations
soil erosion must be well-planned and
- Loss of fertile top soil during closely monitored
excavation of site
- Minimal loss of natural and Re-use of excavated top soil
Land - Geology cultivated vegetation
- Temporary disturbance to wildlife

Ensuring that building
movements and activities
operations are restricted
- Possible escalation of current such that harm to plants and
intermittent floods in nearby biodiversity is reduced
alignment zones
- Generation of various types of

wastes including hazardous wastes
11
Implementation of strict
- Possible reduction in water flow compliance to Waste
rate of rivers crossed by the project Management Program
alignment due to impediments
created by building spoils and debris
Use of re-channeling devices
Water Quality - Possible contamination of
groundwater table due to oil seepage
and indiscriminate disposal of toxic
chemical
Strict monitoring of earth-
- Possible increase in the siltation moving activities to prevent
level of the waterways due to surface further disturbance to soil
run-off
- Possible increase in the oil and

grease level of the waterways due to
oil spillage from heavy equipment Strict cleaning and repair
and machineries during construction maintenance of the machines
will be provided
Sprinkling of water along

- Dust generation
exposed areas during hot and
dry season
- Noise level emission above

Air and Noise standard Regular maintenance of
Quality vehicles and construction
- Possible increase in the equipment
concentration levels of SO2 and
NO2 due to exhaust gas emissions
from various equipment and Daily check-up of exhaust
machineries gas emissions and machines
- Generation of wastes on the

construction premises Strict implementation of
Waste Management Program
People - Site for increase job opportunities of the water treatment facility
and provides livelihood
opportunities in the workers living
in the area
12
- Traffic volume problems Continuous implementation

of local hiring policy
- Long-term exposure of workers,
especially heavy equipment
operators to high noise level may Provision of the use of
lead to hearing impairment adequate Personal Protective
Equipments (PPE) and strict
- Direct contact of workers handling implementation of the use of
toxic materials may lead to chronic these equipment
diseases
Project Phase: Operational Phase
- Conversion of forest area to newly

Communication with LGUs
constructed water treatment facility
Land - Geology
- Production of sludge from residual
waste coming from sedimentation Provision of residual
tanks and filtration beds treatment in the facility
- Possible contamination of the
laundry wastewater with chemicals
Implementation of surface
used in the water treatment
Water Quality water and groundwater
- Generation of wastewater and its quality monitoring program
possible disposal
Provision of the use of

adequate Personal Protective
- Foul odour emission from the
Air and Noise Equipments (PPE) and strict
open basins in the water treatment
Quality implementation of the use of
facilities
these equipment
- Employment for the qualified

residents of Padre Garcia, Batangas Affected people living nearby
People the project site will be given
- No untreated water will be priority to work
discharged near the area
Project Phase: Abandonment and Demobilization
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- Replacement of trees that were cut Ensure that the trees to be

for the treatment facility; planted can adapt well in the
area / environment
Land-Geology - Re-introduction of vegetation in
the area of cut slopes and
embankment areas; landscaping Proper placement of
activities for areas stripped with vegetative covers
vegetation
- Possible contamination of
groundwater due to abandoned
hazardous waste chemicals in the Ensuring that all temporary
water treatment facility stockpiles by construction
Water Quality
and debris are totally
- Possible transport of materials removed from the area
from the facility and construction
debris to the area
- Possible illegal settlement on the

Ensuring complete closure of
area where the facility was
People all temporary facilities in the
abandoned and at areas where
area
workers used to stay
The Environmental Management Plan for the Project is shown in Table 1. The
environmental management strategy is classified depending on the project process the
problem/impact can arise and which environmental elements, such as land, water quality,
air and noise monitoring, and people, will be affected. Vehicles or trucks used for
commodity and waste transportation may get trapped in traffic, so careful preparation for
purchase and transportation of goods, as well as waste disposal, is needed. Dust created
during vehicle travel and shipment of used equipment may be minimized by sprinkling
water on its route.
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Noise-generating equipment will be adjusted at the maximum permissible level,
and adequate enclosures and buffer zones will be used to reduce noise levels. To prevent
disruption to human habituation, high-noise building works would be planned and carried
out throughout the day as far as necessary.
Construction hazards may occur during the construction process, endangering
construction staff. To prevent incidents or injury, products and equipment should be stored
in their assigned areas. Furthermore, items that have been demolished or are no longer used
must be maintained in a secure location that would not endanger the staff.
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III. Risk Management Plan
The table below contains an in-depth discussion of the project study's risk control
strategy. This is the product of the proponents' diligent deliberation and risk assessment
phase in order to lessen the adverse consequences of hazards present in the project and
achieve the targets and objectives set.
Table 2. Risk Management Plan for The Project

Risk Assessment and Management Plan
Assessment
without
No Potential Risk Mitigation Management Plan
Risk
L S
Value
Falls, slips, and trips on the level on 4
Wear safety shoes
1 floors made wet and slippery during the 1 4 Medium with non-skid soles.
handling of water Risk
During work with

these machines,
ensure that work
clothes are attached
Capture of work-clothes and/or various
9 to the body; use
2 parts of body, in/between moving/ 3 3 High Risk appropriate
rotating unprotected parts of machinery
headgear; guard all
moving parts of
equipment that may
injure the worker.
Check electrical
equipment for safety
Electric shock caused by contact with 15
before beginning to
3 “live” wires or defective electrical 3 5 Extreme
work; call a qualified
installations. Risk
electrician for testing
of suspect equipment.
Exposure to hazardous substances due to

the sudden release of toxic materials as 15
All chemical supply
4 a result of an accident or human error, 3 5 Extreme
connection points
such as addition of chemicals to an Risk
must be checked and
unsuitable installation
appropriate signs
must be posted at
these points. Apply
chemical safety rules
when handling or
Fire due to contact of a very strong working with
oxidizer with flammable substance, as a 15 hazardous chemicals;
5 result of improper storage of chemicals, 3 5 Extreme read SDS and consult
human error, sudden release from Risk a safety supervisor
process piping. regarding specific
chemicals.
Apply safety rules

Suffocation while carrying-out
while working in a
maintenance or installation works, such 8
6 as working in a confined place or when
2 4 High Risk
confined space: check
air quality and, if
doing excavation work
necessary, exhaust
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ventilation before
entering into a
confined space; use
harnesses that are
held by your co-
workers; use
respirators and gas
masks.
Exposure to high noise levels, from
9 Use of appropriate
7 electro-mechanical equipment and a 3 3 High Risk ear protection
noisy environment
Work clothes should

4
fit the climatic
8 Exposure to adverse weather condition 1 4 Medium
conditions of the work
Risk
place.
Exposure to UV radiation during water

8
9 disinfection may be damaging for eyes 4 2 High Risk
and skin
Exposure to various disinfectants used Apply chemical safety
15
for water disinfection such as chlorine rules when handling
10 gas, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine
3 5 Extreme
Risk or working with
dioxide. chemicals
6
Exposure to coagulants such as
11 aluminium sulphate.
3 2 Medium
Risk
Provide traps for
5 insects and rodents.
Possible exposure to insects and rodents
12 that may transmit diseases
1 5 Medium Ensure proper
Risk housekeeping method
in the area.
Exposure to pathogenic micro- 5

Water quality
13 organisms due to accidental contact 1 5 Medium
monitoring.
between drinking water and wastewater Risk
Learn and use safe

Musculoskeletal injuries caused by lifting and moving
4
awkward working postures during the techniques for heavy
14 cleaning/inspection of the pipe system
2 2 Medium
or bulky loads; if
Risk
and/or the installation necessary, use lifting
aids.
Learn and use safe

Overexertion while moving or handling lifting and moving
heavy and bulky equipment or big 2 techniques for heavy
15 packages of chemicals may affect
1 2 Low Risk or bulky loads; if
various systems of the body necessary, use lifting
aids.
Psychological stress and pressure due to

Consider consultation
environmental factors: annoying noise, 2
16 water splashing, odors, and high
1 2 Low Risk
with an occupational
psychologist.
humidity.
Psycho-social problems due to increased

workload, requirements of improving
work output, constant need of high skill
levels, lack of privacy due to the
increased possibility of superiors to 2 Consider consultation
17 locate and reach the worker by means of
1 2 Low Risk with a psychiatrist.
cellular phone, even after normal
working hours, and due to the
commitment to answer unexpected calls
during emergency situations;
17
requirement of doing shift work

overtime
Psychological problems of adaptation to Consider consultation

3
18 computer-based jobs especially for 1 3 Low Risk
with an occupational
elderly workers. psychologist.
The Risk Management Plan for The Project is seen in Table 2. The risk management
strategy is given to anticipate and minimize potential project risks. The identification of threats, as
well as their evaluation and assessment, would allow the project manager to use appropriate and
productive risk management techniques in order to meet the project's priorities and goals.
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IV. Project Design
This part of the discussion tackles the unit process and operations, design
specifications and lay-outs and capacity of the proposed water treatment facility design for
the Laundry Shop at San Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas.
A. Brief Discussion of Unit Process and Operations
The Laundry Wastewater Treatment Facility is a fixed-type facility having an
anaerobic and aerobic up-flow filter as its main treatment system design. The main
source of wastewater is from the laundry shop located at San Miguel, Padre Garcia,
Batangas.
The greywater treatment system comprises a simple screen, a septic tank, two
anaerobic up-flow filters in series, and a vertical-flow aerobic filter. The greywater first
flow by gravity through bar screen into a septic tank at a hydraulic retention time (HRT)
of 1.5-2 days. The effluent from the septic tank then passes through a T-shaped pipe
into a doubled-chambered up-flow anaerobic gravel filter. The void space of the two
chambers amounts to 40% to 50%, respectively. The organic loading rate of the
anaerobic filter totals 30g/p/d BOD with minimum HRT of one day. The anaerobic filter
works at maximum flow during the day and zero flow at night. Effluent from the
subsequent dosing chamber is pump onto an aerobic filter composed of three layers
(sand, coal, gravel). Finally, the treated greywater is stored in a 500-litre plastic tank
and used for irrigation or gardening. The process low diagram is presented below.
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Figure 4. Process Flow Diagram for Laundry Shop Wastewater Treatment

Facility Project
B. Detailed Plan and Specifications
The following lay-outs are presented as part of plans and specification of the
proposed water treatment facility design for the Laundry Shop at San Miguel, Padre
Garcia, Batangas. Please see the “Computations” for reference of the engineering
calculations involved in the attached plans.
1. Anaerobic Filters
Anaerobic filters are widely used as secondary treatment step in
household greywater treatment systems. The anaerobic filter is an attached
biofilm system (fixed-film reactor) that aims solids. It comprises a watertight
tank containing several layers of submerged media, which provide surface area
for bacteria settle. As the wastewater flows through the filter-usually from
bottom to top (up-flow) - it comes into contact with the biomass on the filter
and is subjected to anaerobic degradation. Primary treatment in a septic tank is
20
usually required to eliminate solids of larger sizes before greywater is allowed
to pass through the anaerobic filter.
Anaerobic filters produce inflammable gases (methane) and foul odors
that need to be controlled and evacuated. The filters may be constructed above
ground, but most often they are below the ground surface to provide insulation
and protection against severe climates. Access to inlet and outlet should be
provided to allow for cleaning and servicing. Cleaning is required when the
bacterial film on the filter media becomes too thick. The filter mass is removed
and cleaned outside the reactor. More, frequently the filter is not removed but
cleaned by backwashing. Figure 6 shows the detailed plan for the anaerobic
upflow filter tank.
Figure 5. Anaerobic Upflow Filter Tank
2. Dosing Chamber
The detailed design specification of the dosing chamber is presented in
figure 7. Dosing chamber means a watertight receptacle located between the
OWTS treatment unit (i.e. septic tank or supplemental treatment unit) and a
disposal field equipped with an automatic siphon or pump designed to
discharge wastewater intermittently to the distribution pipe or lateral in
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amounts proportioned to the capacity of such lines or laterals and to provide
adequate rest periods between such discharges.
Figure 6. Dosing Chamber
3. Aerobic Filter
The basic structure consists of a watertight box filled with filter
materials (sand, coal, and gravel). Greywater is applied to the top of the VFF,
percolates through an unsaturated zone of porous material and is then collected
in a drainage system. The water is applied intermittently and evenly on the filter
surface by a pressure distribution device such as an electric pump or
mechanical siphon. By charging the entire surface of the filter, oxygen is
supplied to the filter media.
Aerobic systems require some means of supplying oxygen to the
biomass, which may be accomplished by wastewater treatment ponds (which
work by creating a large surface area for introducing air to the wastewater),
and/or by incorporating some type of mechanical aeration device to introduce
oxygen into the biomass. Due to the need to circulate the wastewater or
otherwise aerate it, aerobic systems tend to be less energy efficient than their
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anaerobic counterparts. Aerobic treatment is a biological wastewater treatment
process that takes place in the presence of oxygen. Aerobic biomass converts
organics in the wastewater into carbon dioxide and new biomass. Ultimately,
further reducing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids
(TSS), nitrogen, and phosphorus. Aerobic treatment systems can also be used
specifically to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the process known as
biological nutrient removal (BNR). The figure 8 presents the detailed design
specification of the aerobic filter tank.
Figure 7. Aerobic Filter Tank
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4. Storage Tank
The filtered water is now ready to be stored in the storage tank. The
storage tank will also ready to discharge or use in irrigation or in the gardening.
The storage tank design is presented below.
Figure 8. Storage Tank
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C. Laundry Wastewater Treatment Facility Capacity Summary
The presented table summarizes the dimensions, area and capacity of the
treatment tanks involved in the project.
Table 3. Laundry Wastewater Treatment Facility Capacity Summary

Component Component Quantity of Shape of Dimensions and
No. Name Component Component Capacity of
Unit Component
001 Anaerobic 1 circular Volume=9m3
upflow filter
tank Area=6m2
Depth=3m
Diameter pipe=
.09m
002 Aerobic 3 Rectangular Area=2m2
filter/vertical
upflow filter Length = 1m
tank Filtration rate =
1.9m/hr
003 Storage Tank 1 Circular Retention Time =
1.5 days
(Treated
Greywater) Volume =
881.28m3
Area = 88.128m2
Depth = 10
Diameter = 11m
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V. Design Considerations
The proposed design of water treatment plant for laundry wastewater will be
designed accordingly based on the related laws and policy frameworks of the Philippines.
For the air quality management of the proposed project relative to its treatment
system design as design option, the proposed facility will incorporate the regulation,
protection and recognition of the factors that will occur during construction, operation and
abandonment of the project. The reduction and elimination of excessive amount of air
pollutants will be considered as per Republic Act No. 8749 – The Philippine Clean Air
Act of 1999.
Furthermore, the extensive protection of water, air and land which will be utilized
by the proposed project study will be accordingly to the prevention, abatement and control
of pollution as per Presidential Decree No. 984 – Pollution Control Law.
As with the possible unfavorable and impending effect that may harm the
environment and public health, the proposed project study will also consider the alternative
means and methods to provide possible actions. This is pursuant with the Presidential
Decree No. 1151 – Philippine Environmental Policy and Presidential Decree No. 1586
– Environmental Impact Statement System of 1978.
All the installation and materials to be considered on the design criteria of the
project will be based on proper piping installation in accordance to the applicable standards
of 2012 Uniform Plumbing Code of the Philippines, specifically on Chapter 7 of the law.
For further alignment with the code, the following are extracted from the UPC:
New or repaired potable water systems shall be disinfected prior to use where
required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The method to be followed shall be that
prescribed by the Health Authority or, in case no method is prescribed by it, the following:
1. The pipe system shall be flushed with clean, potable water until potable water appears
at the points of outlet.
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2. The system or parts thereof shall be filled with a water chlorine solution containing
not less than 50 parts per million of chlorine, and the system or part thereof shall be
valved-off and allowed to stand for 24 hours; or, the system or part thereof shall be
filled with a water-chlorine solution containing not less than 200 parts per million of
chlorine and allowed to stand for 3 hours.
3. Following the allowed standing time, the system shall be flushed with clean, potable
water until the chlorine residual in the water coming from the system does not exceed
the chlorine residual in the flushing water.
4. The procedure shall be repeated where it is shown by bacteriological examination
made by an approved agency that contamination persists in the system.
Sumps and receiving tanks shall be provided with substantial covers having a bolt-
and-gasket- type manhole or equivalent opening to permit access for inspection, repairs,
and cleaning.
The proper piping for other facilities that will be incorporated in the project will
conform to the proper water piping inside the buildings and premises under provision of
Presidential Decree No. 1096 or the National Building Code for a proper design
requirement and application to buildings or structures.
27
VI. Computations
This part of the feasibility study presents the detailed engineering calculations
based on various conceptual and empirical formula related to water treatment processes.
Population Estimation
The population of the San Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas is estimated for 25-year design
period.
Year Population
2010 3639
2015 4054
Using Arithmetic Method Formula as Population Estimation formula,
P2015 = P2010+ k (T2015 - T2010)

4054= 3639+ k (2015 - 2010)
k = 83
P2020 = P2015 + 83 (5)

P2020 = 4469
P2045 = P2020 + 83 (25)
P2045 = 6544
Average Discharge (QAVE)
The average discharge is computed using the population forecast at 2025. For this
design, the maximum will be used which is 41gpcd and a population of 6544.
Average discharge = Population × Water Demand = 6544 x 41 gpcd

Average discharge = 268304 gpd / 1219734 lpd / 1219.734 m3/d
Flow rate per pipe = (1219.734 m3/day) / 1
Flow rate per pipe = 1219.734 m3/day
Flow rate per pipe = 0.0068 m3/s (assuming 24 hours of operation)
Velocity inside the pipe = 1 m/s (based on Azis et. al., 2019)
Area (A) = Discharge (Q) / Velocity (v)
28
Area (A) = (0.0068) / (1m/s)

Area (A) = 0.0068 m2
Diameter (D) of water pipe = 0.09meters
Detention time (t) = 20 min

Discharge (Q) = Volume (V) / Time (t)
(based on Hammer, M. J. & Hammer, Jr. M. J., 1996)
Q = 0.0068 m3/s = 0.408m3/minutes
V = Q x t = 0.408m3/minutes x 20 min = 8.16m3/9m3
Effective depth = 3m
Area = 9 m3/ 3m3= 6m2
Aerobic Filter Tank
The water will now undergo three media filter sand, coal and gravel.
Filtration aims in removing those that are not removed in the anaerobic upflow filter
tank. The engineering calculations are as follows.
QAVE = 1219.734 m3/day = 0.0068 m3/s = .408m3/minute = 24.48 m3/hr

Using the flow of the filter: Q filter =7 m3/h/m2 as adapted from Aziz (2000) and
Amin, et. al. (2002)
Area of filter bed = QAVE / Q filter
Area of filter bed = (24.48 m3/hr) / (7 m3/h/m2)
Area of filter bed = 3.50 m2
Number of filter media to be installed = 3;
Area of one filter = (3.50 m2) / 3
Area of one filter = 1.17m2
Using a depth of 2.5 meters, the length of the filter tank will be:
Length = (3.50 m2) / (3m) = 1.17, say 1.2 meters
To check filtration rate:

Total Area = 2.5 meters x 1.2 meters x 3 filter = 12.6m2
Then, the filtration rate is:
Filtration Rate = (24.48 m3/hr) / (12.6m2) = 1.9m/hr (< 7 m/h,ok)
Storage Tank
After the unit operation using aerobic filtration, the water is now ready to
be stored. For the detailed engineering calculation regarding storage tank:
QAVE = 1219.734 m3/day = 0.0068 m3/s = 0.408 m3/minute = 24.48 m3/hr

Time to hold water = 1.5 days= 129600 sec
Volume of storage tank = 0.0068m3/s x 129600s
29
Volume of storage tank = 881.28 m3

Depth of storage tank = 10 meters (based on Davis, 2010)
Area of tank = Volume of storage tank / Depth of Storage Tank
Area of storage tank = 881/28m3 / 10 m = 88.128 m2
Diameter of storage tank can now be computed using:
D2
Area of storage tank = π 4
Diameter of storage tank = 11m
30
REFERENCES
Abaloyan, D. (2016, March 17). Collection and Distribution of Water: Intakes.
Anupoju, S. (2019). Methods of Setting Water Distribution System Layout.
Balkema. (2002). The Sustainability of Wastewater Treatment Systems.
Brian, J. (2015, December 28). Dynamix Agitators. Retrieved from Dynamix Agitators
Web Site: https://dynamixinc.com/
Concepcion, N. A. (2017). Proposed Design of Sewage Treatment Facility at Batangas
State University, Alangilan Batangas .
Cressler, A. (2019, September 30). USGS Science For A Changing World. Retrieved
from USGS Science For A Changing World Web site: https://www.usgs.gov/
Ding, H. (2020). Characterization of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial community
in selected municipal and industrial sewage treatment plants beside Poyang Lake.
Equip Water. (2021). Retrieved from Equip Water Web Site:
https://www.equipwater.com/
Fernandez, A. C. (2019). Proposed Design of Sewage Treatment Plant for Barangay
Poblacion East and Barangay Poblacion West in Taysan, Batangas.
GL Environment. (2020, March 10). Retrieved from GL Environment Web site:
http://www.glenvironment.com/
Kulkarni, B. (2017). Study on Sewage Quality from Sewage Treatment Plant at Vashi,
Navi Mumbai.
Lancaster, P. (2021). ERC. Retrieved from ERC Web Site: https://www.ercofusa.com
Mena Water and Wastewater Treatment. (2020). Retrieved from Mena Water Web site:
https://mena-water.com/
OVIVO Worldwide Experts in Water Treatment. (2019). Retrieved from OVIVO Water
Web Site: https://www.ovivowater.com/
31
Patel, S. J. (2018). Proposed Design of Sewage Treatment Plant for Kadodara Town
located at South Gujarat Region.
Puspalatha P, K. P. (2016). Design Approach for Sewage Treatment Plant: A Case Study
of Srikakulam Greater Municipality, India. Environ Sci Ind J, 112.
(n.d.). Rosario Water District and Municipality of Rosario's CDP 2016-2030. Rosario,
Batangas.
Sengupta, A. (n.d.). Intakes: Design, Types and Selection | Water Collection | Water
Engineering. Retrieved from Engineering Notes:
https://www.engineeringenotes.com/
Sharma, R. (2017). A Case Study on Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), Delawas, Jaipur.
Speight, J. G. (2020). Natural Water Remediation: Chemistry and Technology.
SUEZ. (2019). Retrieved from SUEZ Web site: https://www.suez.com/
32
ATTACHMENTS
In this section, it represents the design plans and layouts of the project entitled “A
Feasibility Design of Water Treatment Plant for Laundry Wastewater at Brgy. San
Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas”.
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Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Civil and Sanitary Engineering Department

A FEASIBILITY DESIGN OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT FOR LAUNDRY

WASTEWATER AT BRGY. SAN MIGUEL, PADRE GARCIA, BATANGAS

Presented to Engr. Nelmar P. Porlaje

Faculty of Civil and Sanitary Engineering Department

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts

Batangas State University

Alangilan, Batangas City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the course:

EnSE 520: Water Purification Process and Design

Salazar, Raven Adrian B.

Waje, Patrick Ian C.

Zara, Jean Pearl T.

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 1

II. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 11

III. RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN 16

IV. PROJECT DESIGN 19

I. The Problem and Its Background

Philippines' unchecked, accelerated population growth has contributed to widespread

poverty, environmental destruction, and pollution. Water pollution is a major problem

unresolved. According to government sampling reports, coliform was found in up to 58

face water scarcity during the dry season (WEPA, 2016).

Laundry wastewater contains an excessive amount of nutrients, which depletes

danger to public health. Water quality is determined by variables such as dissolved

microorganisms. The consistency of water is an essential factor to remember while

to evaluate the surfactants, and methylene blue dye is used as a surfactant.

B. Rationale of The Project

If pollution is not adequately handled, it may have a detrimental effect on the

shellfish fishing restrictions, and drinking water pollution can occur.

Some examples of contaminants present in wastewater, as well as the possible

(including ammonia), can cause eutrophication, or over-fertilization of receiving waters,

species; chlorine compounds and inorganic chloramines may poison marine

intake, and shellfish consumption.

The primary goal of wastewater treatment is to extract as many dissolved solids

Source: San Miguel, Padre

Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas

Source: Google Map Data, 2021

plant to also provide energy to the facility.

D. Descriptive Definition of the Project

This project entitled “A Feasibility Design of Water Treatment Plant for

Laundry Wastewater at Brgy. San Miguel, Padre Garcia, Batangas” aims to

services and inclusions in the design lay-out:

In household greywater treatment systems, anaerobic filters are commonly

used as a secondary treatment stage. The anaerobic filter is a solids-targeting

biofilm device (fixed-film reactor) connected to the anaerobic filter. It consists of a

treatment in a septic tank is normally needed to remove larger solids.

before the distribution of lateral system in sewage. If there is an on-demand system,

Dosing chamber means a watertight receptacle located between the OWTS

equipped with an automatic siphon or pump designed to discharge wastewater

intermittently to the distribution pipe or lateral in amounts proportioned to the

Aerobic systems need a method of providing oxygen to the biomass, which

may be achieved by using wastewater treatment ponds (which operate by having a

to the need to circulate or otherwise aerate the wastewater. Aerobic treatment is a

form of biological wastewater treatment that takes place in an oxygen-rich setting.

Organics in wastewater are converted to carbon dioxide and fresh biomass by

aerobic biomass. Finally, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), gross suspended

known as biological nutrient recovery, aerobic treatment systems may be used

directly to extract nitrogen and phosphorus (BNR).

disinfection before discharge or use in irrigation or in the gardening.

for discharge or irrigation: