Lesson 6.

2 : Chemical
Reactions
We’re gonna learn about!

- The difference between chemical and physical change

- The parts of a chemical reactions.
- Chemical reactions that take place inside living cells
- Activation Energy
- Importance of enzymes and their activity
Chemical Vs. Physical Change

In a physical change the appearance or form of the matter changes but the
kind of matter in the substance does not. However in a chemical change, the
kind of matter changes and at least one new substance with new properties is
formed.
What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction is the process by which atoms or groups of atoms
in substances are reorganized into a totally different new substances.
-

Clues that a chemical reaction has taken place include

-the production of heat or light

- formation of a gas, liquid, or solid.

-change in color and change in luster

Do chemical reactions take place inside our
body?
All living things are chemical factories that are driven by chemical
reactions!
Chemical Equations
Law of Conservation Of Mass
 Energy of Reactions
Most compounds in living things cannot undergo chemical reactions
without energy.
Activation energy
- Is the minimum amount of
energy needed for reactants to
form products in a chemical
reaction.
Energy change in chemical reactions
Diagram A Diagram B

!!!! Some reactions rarely happen because they have a high

activation energy.
Energy calculation

Amount of activation energy:

l E max-E reactants l

Amount of energy gained or lost:

l E products - E reactants l
 Enzymes

Enzymes are bio catalysts (proteins) that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction in the
biological processes.

It is not used by the chemical reaction (it remains intact)

Once it has participated in a chemical reaction, it can be used again

An enzyme’s name describes what it does. Ex: amylase → amylose ; lactase → lactose.

Different enzymes work at different PH levels. Ex: pepsin works in an acidic medium.
Enzymes

1. Compare the activation energy of the

reaction without an enzyme to the
activation energy of the reaction with
an enzyme.

2. Which of the reactions had a higher rate.

3.
Does this graph display an endothermic
or an exothermic reaction? Justify your
answer.
 100 KJ
1- Find:
A- the amount of activation energy
B- the amount of energy lost or
gained. 50 KJ

2- does the graph show an

25 KJ
exothermic or endothermic
reaction?
→ This Virtual Lab will help you determine how substrate concentration and
PH and temperature affect the initial rate of lactase enzyme

→ Effect of temperature on an enzyme catalyzed reaction.