Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Inwersja W Trybach Warunkowych
Inwersja W Trybach Warunkowych
Inwersja W Trybach Warunkowych
Ta karta pracy jest poświęcona tylko inwersji w trybach warunkowych. Inne przypadki zostaną
omówione w następnej karcie.
Wspólną cechą zdań warunkowych w inwersji jest to, że nie ma w nich słówka "if"!
Przykład 1:
Przykład 2:
ZDANIA PRZECZĄCE:
Przykłady:
1) Should she not phone soon, we’ll have to leave. (nie: Shouldn't she phone...)
2) Were he not so lazy, he would have passed his exams. (nie: Weren't he so lazy...)
3) Were you not to win the election, it wouldn't bo a tragedy. (nie: Weren't you to win...)
4) Had the people not been informed, the situation would have been much worse. (nie: Hadn't the
people...)
ĆWICZENIA:
13. If it hadn’t been for Samantha’s brilliant idea, this success story would never have
happened.
14. We could expand our operations if the current climate wasn’t so difficult.
15. If I’m not there when you arrive, please ask for my assistant.
16. If she hadn’t failed that exam, she would still be at university.
17. If the company was prospering, we would be able take on more staff.
18. We can meet inside the cinema if it happens to be raining.
We think it would be better if the candidate reapplied after gaining some more experience in the
19. field.
We could have had serious PR problems if it hadn’t been for the excellent way Martin handled the
20. press.
1) Dear residents,
It seems there has been a problem with the heating in some of the flats. Unfortunately we have only
just been made aware of this. Had we known earlier, we would have called in the technician
immediately.
Regarding the heating and other services, should anybody have any problems, please can they contact
the building management immediately. We will then be able take action much faster.
We have repaired all the existing faults, but were the heating to break down again, we would have to
seriously consider whether it would be worth installing new boilers.
Sincerely
The management.
2) To all employees
I regret to say that we have recently had to take disciplinary action against two employees for stealing
company funds. I must remind you that should any member of staff be found to have been stealing
from the company, they will face severe penalties.
Unfortunately, it appears as though one of these employees was having some financial difficulties at
home. As you know, we have special arrangements to help employees in such situations, and had the
person concerned been to see Jennifer in HR, she might well have been able to help.
I realise that conditions are difficult for many of you at the moment, and were any of you to find
yourself in similar circumstances, I would strongly advise you to arrange to see Jennifer as quickly as
possible.
Sincerely
Peter Parker
„ SHOULD ” – UWAGI DODATKOWE
2) „S HOU LD ” W D RU GI M TR Y BI E WA R UN KOWY M
Czasami używamy drugiego trybu po to, by nasze propozycje lub sugestie zabrzmiały bardziej
grzecznie, na przykład w negocjacjach. W takich sytuacjach, możemy użyć "should" w inwersji
zamiast formy "were to".
1) zdanie wyjściowe w 2 trybie: If you increased your order, we could consider free delivery.--->
2) zdanie z "should: If you should increase your order, we could consider free delivery.--->
Przykład 1 - have:
1) Zdanie wyjściowe: If I had the inclination, I would work harder; but I don’t. ---> inwersja ze
słowkiem "had"--->
2) Had I the inclination, I would work harder; but I don’t.
Przykład 2 - have:
1) zdanie wyjściowe: If we had the necessary time and resources, we could go ahead with this
project. But unfortunately, we don’t.
2) zdanie po inwersji: Had we the necessary time and resources, we could go ahead with this
project. But unfortunately, we don’t.
Przykład 3 - have to:
Nie możemy tak przekształcić zdania, jeśli "have" jest "action verb", na przykład:
If we had lunch earlier, we could start the meeting at 1.30.---> Inwersja TYLKO przy pomocy
"were to" --->
Were we to have lunch earlier, we could start the meeting at 1.30. NIE: Had we lunch earlier, …
Czasami można zastosować inwersję przy pomocy ”were to have + 3 forma czasownika" zamiast
zwykłej inwersji z "had" w 3 trybie warunkowym. Użycie takiej formy wzmacnia hipotetyczność
lub sugeruje, że konsekwencje moglyby być bardzo poważne.
1) zdanie wyjściowe: If the police had found out, he would have been in trouble.
2) wyrażenie tego samego przy pomocy "were to have +3 forma": If the police were to have found
out, he would have been in trouble.
3) zastosowanie inwersji: Were the police to have found out, he would have been in trouble.
"I’ve seen examples of „Were I you, …” on a couple of websites, for example – „Were I you, I would
stop smoking.” I have to say that this does not seem to me a very natural sounding sentence. Firstly,
we have a very strong existing standard expression – „If I were you...” Secondly, this seems rather
formal for what is really a bit of personal advice. And thirdly, I don’t think we often use inversion in
very short clauses like that, although admittedly – „Were I in his shoes, I would behave differently” –
sounds fine to me."
Przygotowując tę kartę pracy w dużym stopniu opierałam się na świetnym blogu prowadzonym przez
nauczyciela native speakera pracującego w Polsce. Znajdziecie tam jeszcze więcej ćwiczeń:
http://random-idea-english.blogspot.com/2013/01/inversion-in-conditionals.html