Answers

TOPIC 1: CONCEPTS IN ALGEBRA

Exercise 1.1
3 1 3 2
1. (a)  (b) 
4( x  2) 4( x  2) x x 1

1 1
(c) 1 
2( x  1) 2( x  1)

3 6 9
2.  
2( x  1) x  2 2( x  3)

x2 1
3. 
2( x  2) 2( x  4)
2

TOPIC 2: LINEAR AND QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS

Exercise 2.1
1
1. (a) m  , c  1 (b) m = 5, c = 5
2
2 5
(c) m = 3, c = 0 (d) m , c
3 3

2. y = x + 5

3. 3y = 8x  4

4. 2y + x = 4

5. 3y + x + 3 = 0

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Exercise 2.2
(a) (b)

y = 3x + 2 x
y
2

(c)

3y + 2x = 2

Exercise 2.3
(a) The parabola opens upward.
The turning point is (3, – 4).
The y-intercept is (0, 5).
The x-intercepts are (1, 0) and (5, 0).

(b) The parabola opens upward.

The turning point is (–2, –4).
The y-intercept is (0, 0).
The x-intercepts are (0, 0) and (–4, 0).

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(c) The parabola opens downward.

The turning point is (–1, –2).
The y-intercept is (0, –3).
There is no x-intercept.

(d) The parabola opens upward.

The turning point is (0, –16).
The y-intercept is (0, –16).
The x-intercepts are (4, 0) and (– 4, 0).

(e) The parabola opens downward.

The turning point is (2, 1).
The y-intercept is (0, –3).
The x-intercepts are (1, 0) and (3, 0).

Exercise 2.4
(a) (1, 8)
(b) (0, 2)
(c) (2, –1)
(d) (–3, –1) and (–1, 7)
(e) (1, –1) and (2, 2)
(f) (1, 9) and (3, 29)

Multiple-choice Questions 2.1

1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A

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TOPIC 3: APPLICATION OF LINEAR AND

QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS

Exercise 3.1
1. (450, 9.50) 2. p = RM75 q = 5,225

Exercise 3.2
1. 2p = 100q – 600 is a supply equation
p = 50q + 600 is a demand equation
p = RM150 q=9

2. (a) 50q
(b) 40q + 5,000
(c) 10q – 5,000
(d) 500

Exercise 3.3
(a) 1,850p – 5p2
(b) RM9,125
(c) RM185
(d) RM171,125

Multiple-choice Questions 3.1

1. D 2. A 3(a). C 3(b). D 3(c). C

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TOPIC 4: MATRICES

Exercise 4.1
1. (a) 32 (b) 1 3 (c) 31

2. a0

3. No. Identity matrix only exists for square matrix.

4. (a) Zero Matrix (Null)

(b) Column Matrix
(c) Row Matrix

Exercise 4.2
 6 3 9 2 2 1
1. (a)   (b)  
12 0 3 9 1 4

6 3
 
(c)  3 1 (d) Not possible
 2 5 


 130 140   27 35

(e)   (f)  
 110 60  4 26 

 20 2 2
 
(g)  2 1 3
 2 3 10 
 

 2 1
2. A 
5 2

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Exercise 4.3
1. (a) 11

(b) a2 + b2

(c) 27
(d) 27

2. (a) 1

(b) The determinant does not exist.

Exercise 4.4
1 2
7  
7
1. (a)  
1 3 
 7 14 

2 11 3
 
(b) 1 6 2
0 1 0 


(c) Does not exist

 13 7 1
  10 5 2
 
 2 1
(d)  5  0 
5
 
 7 3 1
  10 5 2 

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 5 3
  
2. A  2
1
2
 
 2 1 

1  d b
3. (a) B 1   
ad  bc  c a 

(b) ad – bc  0

Exercise 4.5
24 23
1. and 2. (a) x , y
5 5
(b) x  1, y  3, z  2

2 10 60
3. (a) x , y , z
17 17 17
(b) x  1, y  0, z  5

Multiple-choice Questions 4.1

1(a). B 1(b). D 2. D 3. C 4. D

TOPIC 5: EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC

FUNCTIONS

Exercise 5.1
1
(a) (b) 1 (c) 3
27
1
(d) (e) 125 (f) 8
4

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Exercise 5.2
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 1

1
(d) (e) 2 (f) 1
4

Exercise 5.3
1. (a) 52 = 25 (b) 2x = y (c) 101 = 0.1

1
2. (a) log10 100 = 2 (b) 10ga 1 = 0 (c) log2 = 3
8

1
3. (a) 4 (b) (c) 1
3
(d) 1 (e) 2 (f) 4

1
4. (a) (b) 3 (c) 3
2
(d) 4 (e) 20 (f) 2

Exercise 5.4
1. (a) 55 years
(b) 97,045 people

2. (a) RM6,016.61
(b) RM14,693.28
(c) RM11,373.99
(d) RM2,354.99

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3. (a) RM15,000
(b) RM10,000
(c) RM6,000
(d) RM25,000

Multiple-choice Questions 5.1

1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C

TOPIC 6: COMPOUND INTEREST: PRESENT

VALUE AND FUTURE VALUE

Exercise 6.1
1. 8.4% 9. RM2448.40
2. RM5 10. RM1403.83
3. 3% 11. RM643.23
4. RM323.75 12. RM106.643.23
5. RM6381.40 13. 7.4%
6. RM17388.80 14. 5.3 years
7. 5.6% 15. 12.6%
8. RM10710.00 16. RM577.90

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TOPIC 7: DIFFERENTIATION

Exercise 7.1
(a) 0 (b) 0

(c) 0 (d) 0

(e) 7x6 (f) 5x4

5 8
2  3 
(g)  r 3 (h)  t 5
3 5
1 3
5 4 5 2
(i) x (j) x
4 2
3
3
(k) x4 (l)  10x
x2

1
(m) 3 (n) 
4

(o) 2x + 4 (p) 10x3

4
(q) 8x  (r) 1  2 x 3  10  7 x 
x2

 x2  2 x  2
(s)  x  13 10 x  2 (t)
x 
2 2
2

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(u)

2 x 2 x3  6 x  1  (v) 4(2x – 1)
 x  1
2 2

1
 

(w) 10 x(x 2 + 4)4 (x) 3x 2  2 x  1 2  3x  1
2
2x  5  2x  2  4 
(y) (z) 3   
2 x2  5x  x3    x  3 2 
 

Multiple-choice Questions 7.1

1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C

TOPIC 8: APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIATION

Exercise 8.1
12
1. (a) 24 x  24 (b)
x4

2. (a) 0 (b) 24 (c) 12x 4

Exercise 8.2
1. (a) 10x + 5,000 (b) RM7,000
5, 000
(c) 10  (d) 10
x

2. (a) 100,000 + 1,500q + 0.2q 2 (b) 1,500+ 0.4q

(c) 1,504

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q 400 1 400
3. (a) 3 (b) 
2 q 4 q2

(c) 40 units

4. (a) 10 dozens (b) RM203,000

2,500
5. (a) 75  0.25q (b) 100
q

(c) RM12,500

Exercise 8.3

1. (a) 0.01q 3 + 840 (b) 0.01q 2 + 840

(c) 0.003q 2 + 840

2. (a) 2 x – 0.1x 2 (b) RM1,000

3. (a) RM200 (b) RM400

Exercise 8.4

1. (a) R(q) = 54q – q 2 (b) K(q) = 4q + 100

(c)   q   q 2  50q  100 (d) RM29

2. (a) 300x – x2 (b) –1.1x 2 + 286 x – 100

(c) 130 (d) RM170
(e) RM18,490

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1 3 2 3
3. (a) x  2 x2  5 (b) x  5 x 2  16 x
3 3
1 3
(c) x  3 x 2  16 x  5 (d) 8
3
(e) RM101.67

Multiple-choice Questions 8.1

1. (a) D (b) C

2. (a) A (b) C (c) D

TOPIC 9: INTEGRATION

Exercise 9.1
(a) xc (b) ex  c
ex3
(c) 8p3x + c (d) c
3
3 5
u4 3 1 2 2 12 4 x 3
(e)  c (f)  x  x  c
4 u 2 x 2 3 5 3

x 2 x5 x2 2 1
(g)  c (h)   c
2 5 2 x 3 x3
e 0.07t e3 s  4
(i) c (j) c
0.07 3
1 1 x2
(k)   2 ln x  xc (l) 4ln x   ex  c
x2 x 8

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Exercise 9.2
65 87
(a) (b)
4 10

22 1
(c) (d) 
3 3

211
(e) (f) 3e5
5

20
(g) 4 ln 8 (h)
3

Exercise 9.3
1
1 4
  3
 
2
(a) t  8t  2 c (b) 4x2  2 2 c
8 4
3

(c)

2 ex  2  2
c (d)
1
c
3
 2
18 4  3 x  2 x 3 3

2
(e) 
3
8

1  2s 2  3 c (f)
1
2

ln x 2  2 x  1  c 
Multiple-choice Questions 9.1
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D

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TOPIC 10: APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRATION

Exercise 10.1
4
1. (a) (b) 12 (c) 4 (d) 18
3

4 32 9 1
2. (a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 2 6

Exercise 10.2
1. (a) 0.001q3 – 0.015q2 + 176
(b) RM45,038

2. RM2,000

3x 2
3. (a)  15 x  8,000
2
(b) 165x – 3x2 – 8,000

4. Consumer surplus: 11,250

Producer surplus : 11,250

0.001 3
5. q  0.01q 2  1,000
3

6. Consumer surplus = 9,000 Producer surplus = 18,000

7. Consumer surplus = 166.66 Producer surplus = 53.33

Multiple-choice Questions 10.1

1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A

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