Islamic University of Technology (IUT)

Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EEE)

Name: ………………………………… Student No…..……. Section and Group.…….

Course No. : EEE 4604

Course Name : Measurement and Instrumentation LAB
Experiment No. : 03
Experiment Name : Construction and Study of Digital to Analog Converter (DAC)
using LM 741 (Weighted Resistor & R-2R Ladder Resistor)
Objective:
This experiment is intended to realize the Digital to Analog Conversion process by weighted
resistor method. The LM 741 IC will be used here to construct and study the behavior of the DAC.

Apparatus:
➢ Component
o 10K resistor – 8 nos.
o IC LM 741 – 1 nos.
o Jumper Wires
➢ Equipment
o Bread Board
o Trainer Kit/DC power Supply
o Multimeter

Theory:
Since the real world is analog, but the computer world is binary, conversion of data becomes
necessary if communication need to be established between the two. For example, devices that
change data from digital to analog are known as digital to analog converters (DAC).
A DAC is used when the binary input (bit value) from a digital system is to be converted into its
equivalent analog signal (either voltage or current). At the input side, a sequence of 0’s and 1’s are
provided and their respective output values are read between 0~8.75 V.

In this experiment, 3 binary inputs provided by jumper wires JP1, JP2 and JP3 are designated as
V1, V2 and V3 respectively. This makes 8 possible combinations and provides 8 analog outputs at
the output pin. When any binary combination is provided through the inputs, the DAC generates
the corresponding analog output.

Prepared by: Edited by:

Md. Mozammel Hossain Saad Mohammad Abdullah
Asst. Lab. Instructor, Dept. of EEE Lecturer, Dept. of EEE Page 1
PIN Configuration of LM 741:

Figure 1: LM 741 Pin Configuration

Task 1: DAC using Weighted Resistor

Circuit Diagram:

Prepared by: Edited by:

Md. Mozammel Hossain Saad Mohammad Abdullah
Asst. Lab. Instructor, Dept. of EEE Lecturer, Dept. of EEE Page 2
Procedure:

1. Implement the Weighted Resistor DAC it as shown in Fig. 2 in a breadboard.

2. 3 binary inputs provided by jumper wires JP1, JP2 and JP3 are designated as b1 (MSB),
b2 and b3 (LSB) respectively.
3. Keep b1, b2 and b3 off. Measure the output from pin number 6.
4. Then turn ON b1 and keep b2 and b3 in OFF position.
5. Make different combinations among b1, b2 and b3 (like 000, 001, 010 ……..up to 111)
and record different analog outputs from output pin.
6. Calculate Vout for each combination by using the following formula.

𝑅𝑓 𝑏1 𝑏2 𝑏3
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 = − ∗ 𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓 ( + + )
𝑅 2 4 8

Sl.
V1 V2 V3 Vout
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Task 2: DAC using R-2R Ladder Resistor

Figure 3: R-2R Ladder Resistor Circuit Diagram.

Prepared by: Edited by:

Md. Mozammel Hossain Saad Mohammad Abdullah
Asst. Lab. Instructor, Dept. of EEE Lecturer, Dept. of EEE Page 3
Procedure:

1. Implement the R-2R Ladder DAC circuit as shown in Fig.3 in a breadboard.

2. 3 binary inputs provided by jumper wires JP1, JP2 and JP3 are designated as b1 (MSB),
b2 and b3 (LSB) respectively.
3. Keep b1, b2 and b3 off. Measure the output from pin number 6.
4. Then turn ON b1 and keep b2 and b3 in OFF position.
5. Make different combinations among b1, b2 and b3 (like 000, 001, 010 ……..up to 111)
and record different analog outputs from output pin.
6. Calculate Vout for each combination by using the following formula.

𝑅𝑓 𝑏1 𝑏2 𝑏3
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 = − ∗ 𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓 ( + + )
𝑅 2 4 8

2 𝑏1 𝑏2 𝑏3
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 = − ∗ 𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓 ( + + )
1 2 4 8

𝑏2 𝑏3
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡 = −𝑉𝑟𝑒𝑓 (𝑏1 + + )
2 4

Sl.
b1 b2 b3 Vout
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Report:

1. What is a DAC?
2. What are the applications of DAC?
3. Comparison between Weighted Resistor and R-2R Ladder Resistor.
4. Discuss on the results obtained and any discrepancies among the experimental
and calculated outputs.

Discussion:

Prepared by: Edited by:

Md. Mozammel Hossain Saad Mohammad Abdullah
Asst. Lab. Instructor, Dept. of EEE Lecturer, Dept. of EEE Page 4