Name: ELOISA A.

ASWEGI
Year and Section: BSN 3A

MODULE 4 ACTIVITY
Evidence-based Nursing Research
DIRECTION. Given the situation below, you are required to create an answerable
question using the PICO(T) Method/Format.
You are the nurse practitioner visiting Mr. Kung-Pao, a 52 year old Chinese-Canadian man on the
day of his discharge from the heart unit for severe angina and CAD. His past medical and social
history are benign except for a father deceased at age 75 from AMI and a past history of migraines.
He has undergone cardiac catheterization and will be followed up by his cardiologist upon
discharge for his coronary artery disease.
While reviewing discharge instructions with the patient, he asks you about his physician’s standard
discharge recommendation that he drink a 4 oz. glass of red wine each day for its cardioprotective
effects. He hates wine and wants to know why he can’t have a beer instead. He says that beer is
cheaper and does not leave stains.
Can beer have a cardioprotective effect? You have read an article discussing resveratrol, an
antioxidant found in the skins of red grapes. Does that mean that red wine is better? The article
stated that long-term wine ingestion can be associated with negative factors such as snobbery and
pretentiousness. Should the standard discharge instruction be changed to incorporate beer?
The cardiologist tells you to gather evidence and make a recommendation. Before looking for
research evidence, create an answerable clinical question using the PICO(T) method.
● P- patients with Coronary Artery Disease
● I- consuming 4 oz. glass of red wine
● C- compared to beer
● O- more effective cardioprotective effect
● T- each day

In patients with Coronary Artery Disease (P), is consuming 4 oz. glass of red wine (I) each day
(T) provides a more effective cardioprotective effect (O) compared to beer (C)?

● P- middle-aged males
● I- with a family history of acute myocardial infarction
● C- middle-aged males without a family history of AMI
● O- more likely to develop Coronary Artery Disease
● T- throughout their lifespan

Are middle-aged males (P) with a family history of acute myocardial infarction (I) more likely
to develop Coronary Artery Disease (O) throughout their lifespan (T) compared to those
middle-aged males without a family history of AMI(C)?
 ● P- patients with Coronary Artery Disease
● I- consuming 4 oz. glass of red wine
● C- patients without red wine consumption
● O- provides cardioprotective effects
● T- each day

In patients with Coronary Artery Disease (P), how does consuming 4 oz. glass of red wine (I)
each day (T) provides cardioprotective effects (O) compared to patients without red wine
consumption (C)?