Professional Documents
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Chapter I
Chapter I
Koronadal City
By:
CATEDRILLA, DANIEL
BUGANTE, RINAFLOR
ENRIJO, KRISTINE
LICAYAN, SHAYNE
AISHAH D. ANDRADE
Research Adviser
November 2021
CHAPTER I
Flu Nature Lover (2018) discovered that Annato (Bixa orellana L.) is easily confused
with rambutan due to its similar appearance, texture, and colour. Considering rambutan was a
favourite of Filipinos, the achiote tree generally draws the eye of any by passer (Reddoorz,
2020). This led to neglecting its beneficial chemical components such as carotenoids,
volatile oils, and other miscellaneous substances from all parts of this plant (Islam et al., 2016).
The Annato (Bixa orellana L.) natural extract possesses insect repellent properties due to its
about equal farnesyl pyrophosphate (C15) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (C20) content, and
it has an advantage over synthetics considering the low negative side effects, low resistance, and
environmental friendliness.
Inside a household, there are various pests that can disrupt individuals' way of life and
disintegrate a family's economy by infesting their household goods; which may lead them to lose
their own resources in rebuilding damaged materials. As mentioned in the article "Things You
Should Know" (2017), aside from ruining portions of a home, pests can pose major health threats
like contamination of air, food, and water, as well as asthma, allergy, salmonella, E. coli, and
Lyme disease, among many other things. Home Team Pest Defense (2012) surveyed houses
across the country, underlining those termites are the most prevalent pest problem, impacting one
out of every four people and that 13% had experienced termites in the last year. A mite
infestation caused structural damage to nearly one-quarter (22 percent) of homeowners' homes.
Ignorance of the termite pest problem may result in serious allergy and asthma attacks. In the
article “Are Termites Harmful to Humans?”, although the pest is not toxic and cannot transmit
any diseases, it still stings and bites humans. Also consider how much termites (Isoptera) can
damage household goods, which will cost homeowners a significant amount of money. Arizona’s
experts on pests since 1969 said that the longer the pest remains, the more difficult it is to
eradicate it.
That is why, in order to keep a family's economy stable and reduce financial burdens, the
researchers came up with an idea on experimenting annato seed oil extract as a human and eco-
friendly insect repellent, because termites are commonly found living in walls, bathrooms,
furniture, logs, and other wood sources found in or near the home that are highly exposed to
human interaction. According to (Ventosa, 2018), achiote seeds grow in warm regions of Asia.
No specific studies have proved the potential of annato (Bixa orellana L.) seed oil extract as an
alternative for termite (Isoptera) repellent. This study will be conducted to test the termite
This study aims to determine the efficacy of utilizing Annatto oils seed extract as
1. How much is the weight of the wood after using the following concentrations?
2. Is there a significant difference on the weight of the wood before and after the
treatment?
3. Is there a significant difference on the weight of the wood among all trials of all