General Chemistry 2

ACTIVITY SHEETS

Name: Maxi Dave G. Rarogal Grade and Section:12- Albert Einstein Week #: 1

KINETIC MOLECULAR MODEL OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

1. The word kinetic comes from a Greek word that means “to move.” The kinetic molecular theory is
based upon the assumption that atoms are in constant RANDOM MOTION

2.

Lowest temperature In between temperatures Highest temperature

SOLID LIQUID GAS
Lowest kinetic energy In between kinetic energy Highest kinetic energy
SOLID GAS
Lowest density Highest density
GAS
High strength bonds Weak bonds No bonds
SOLID LIQUID GAS

3. KINETIC ENERGY is directly related to temperature. As the temperature increases so does the

4. Compared to solids and liquids gases tend to have a lower DENSITY. This can be explained by the fact
that there is so much EMPTY SPACE between particles in a gas.

5. A small pressure will easily COMPRESS a gas. If this happens, it’s DENSITY will increase. The space

between the atom will DECREASE.

6. Even a large pressure will not COMPRESS a solid because the atoms are so closely packed.

Fig. 1-8. Structures of ice, liquid water and steam

7. A solid like ice or diamond has a highly ordered arrangement of bonds between atoms which is called
its STRUCTURE. A liquid or gas does not have this.
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES OF ATTRACTION

Worksheet #2

Name the type(s) of intermolecular forces that exists between molecules (or basic units) in each of the
following species.

Justify your answer.

1. LiF - ION-DIPOLE FORCES

2. CH4 - DISPERSION
3. SO2 - DIPOL-DIPOL

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES AND PROPERTIES OF LIQUID

Worksheet #3

A. Use the word bank below to answer the following questions:

1. The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a molecule are held together by COVALENT bonds.

2. The electrons are not shared equally between the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atom in a water
molecule, making it a POLAR molecule

3. The polarity of water allows it to DISSOLVE most substances. Due to this fact, it is often

referred to as the UNIIVERSAL SOLVENT.

4. Water molecules stick to other water molecules. This property is called ADHESION.

5. Hydrogen bonds form between adjacent water molecules because the POSITIVELY charged hydrogen
end of one water molecule attracts the NEGATIVELY charged oxygen end of another water molecule.

6. Water molecules stick to other molecules due to its polar nature. This property is called ADHESION

7. SURFACE TENSION is the skin-like surface formed due to the polar nature of water.

B. Refer to the properties of water to answer the following questions:

1. Explain why ice is able to float on water.

THE DENSITY OF THE ICE IS LESSER THAN THE WATER AND SINCE WATER IS HEAVIER IT CAN DISPLACE
THE ICE CAUSING IT TO FLOAT.

2. If you touch the edge of a paper towel to a drop of colored water, the water will move up into (or be
absorbed by) the paper towel. Explain why this happens.

IT HAPPENS BECAUSE WATER IS STICKY AND IT LIKES TO STAY TOGETHER AND ALSO WATER MOLECULES
ARE ATTRACTED TO AND STICKS TO OTHER SUBSTANCES. THE ADHESION OF WATER TO THE PAPER
TOWEL WILL CAUSE AN UPWARD FORCE ON THE LIQUID AT THE EDGES AND RESULT IN A MENISCUS
WHICH TURNS UPWARD THIS PHENOMENON IS KNOWN AS THE CAPILLARY ACTION.
3.How does water affects the regulation of body temperature?

WATER IN OUR BODY ACTS AS A THERMOREGULATOR IT DESSIPITATES HEAT IN OUR BODY IF THE BODY
INCREASES IN TEMP, WATER IS LOST THROUGH SWEATING AND THE EVAPORATION OF THOSE SWEAT
FROM THE SKIN SURFACE REMOVES HEAT FROM OUR BODY AND IT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY THAT
OUR BODY COULD PREVENT FROM OVERHEATING.