Osteoarthritis

1. Discussion point. Work in pairs or small groups to discuss about

Osteoarthritis. Justify whether it is a Mythor a Fact.
a) There are more than 200 types of
arthritis, but osteoarthritis is the most
common.
b) Osteoarthritis is caused by aging.
c) More women have osteoarthritis than
men.
d) Rainy weather does not cause arthritis,
nor makes the condition worse.
e) Osteoarthritis cannot be prevented.

2. Watch the video “Osteoarthritis | Nucleus Health”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41IMR_Dp5bs&t=15s

3. Match the words in column A with as many words from Column B as possible to make
meaningful combinations.
A B
Osteoarthritis

1. Synovial 4 cartilage
2. Movablemobil 12changes
3. Joint 6 disease
4. Articular 15 drugs
5. Body 3flexibility
6. Degenerative 1 fluid
7. Family 13 inflammation
8. Joint 14 injury
9. Bony 2 joints
10. Common 11 medications
11. Anti-inflammatory membrane
12. Lifestyle 14 osteoarthritis
13. Severe 9 projections
14. Bone 15 provider
15. Healthcare 3 removal
7 tendency
5,14tissue

4. Follow up activities. Choose the correct variant. More than one is possible. Justify your
answers.
a) Bones provide….
 Movement  Speed
 Strength  Support
b) There are ……………….types of joint.
 unmovable, movable or freely moveable
 immovable, slightly movable or largely moveable
 immovable, slightly movable or freely moveable
 non-movable, slightly movable or freemoveable
c) A synovial membrane surrounds …………….. joints.
 Non-movable
 Movable
 Slightly movable
 Immovable
d) Joints give the body …………..

 Flexibility  Energy
Osteoarthritis

 Precision of movement  Support

e) Arthritis is any disorder that affects ………..

 Joints  Bones
 Limbs  Old people
f) The joints most commonly affected are in the ….
 shoulders, knees, hips and spine.  fingers, knees, hips and spine.
 hands, shoulders, legs and spine.  hands, knees, hips and spine.
g) Osteoarthritis is a joint disease resulting from…
 Aging  Cold weather
 Cartilage damage  Excessive exercises
h) Osteoarthritis is also called…
 Wear and tear disease  Degenerative disease
 Old people’s disease  OA

5. Vocabulary Comprehension check. Guess the word….

a) __Synovial liquid_________ the thick liquid that lubricates your joints and keeps
them moving smoothly.
b) ________articular cartilage__________ is the smooth, white tissue that covers the
ends of bones where they come together to form joints.
c) ________Bone spurs __________ are hard bumps that form around your joints or on
your spine
d) __non- steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs and NSIADs_ are medicines that are widely
used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and bring down a high temperature.
e) _________Hyaluronic acid _________ is a clear naturally produced substance , found
in your skin, connective tissue and eyes.
f) ________Joint resurfacing__________is a surgical procedure that cuts and reshapes
your bones.

6. Choose the correct variant.

Osteoarthritis

a) Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that commonly occurs at/

inolder people.
b) Over many years, these factors can wear away/offthe articular cartilage.
c) The synovial fluid lubricates and nourishes joint tissue inside/around the membrane.
d) Osteoarthritis is characterized by the growth of bony projections, called bone spurs
onto/intothe bone surfaces.
e) Often the cause of osteoarthritis might be problem with the bone joints not lining on/up
properly.
f) Lifestyle changes may help slow down/upthe progression of osteoarthritis.
g) Hyaluronic acid allows the bones to slide across/overeach other more easily.

7. a) Let’s identify the risk factors for developing Osteoarthritis.

b) Tick statements referring to people included within the OA risk

groups. Explore online.

 Obese people  Athletes

 People with family history  People who lead a sedentary
 People over 50 years old and lifestyle.
children.  Diabetic people
 Gender. OA can affect  People who abuse alcohol
both men and women.  Smokers
 Aggressive people  African people
Osteoarthritis

 People with poor posture.  Pregnant women

 Muslims  People with low immune system
 Vegetarians  Bedridden people
 People with  People who had previous injury.
other types of  Nordic people
arthritis.

8. Grammar Point. Many medical terms use prefix re- to show that something is done
repeatedly. Make your own examples. Explain them.

Move
Start
Search
remake______________________
reuse
rebuild
_____________________________
RE- _____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
____________
Osteoarthritis

9. Fill in the new Vocabulary (Verbs) to make meaningful statements.

1) Injections of hyaluronic acid may the joint
Lubricate 1) Line up- alinia
and relief pain.
2) This therapy is well-known for its property to relieve pain, 2) 1)Lubricate - unge

swelling and Nourish to the tissues. 3) 2)Nourish - alimenta

3) Eventually, if Wear away the cartilage
4) Rearealiniati
completely, bone will rub on bone.
4) This material allows the bones to over 5) Replace- a inlocui

each without causing pain. 6) Resurface- reaparea

5) The doctor may want you to walk or stand on one leg to see
7) 7)Slide – alunecare
how your hips realign
6) Whether to the patella remains 8) 3) Wear away – sterge
resurface
controversial in total knee arthroplasty. 9) Remove
7) Surgeons may fuse more bones in order to stabilize and
10) Restore- restabli
line up

the spine.
8) The damaged cartilage will be Replace with long-lasting artificial parts.
9) Repeat these five breaths as soon as you put on the mask, and
Remove again after you
it.
10) There are no treatment to restore knee function, only reducing pain.

10. About bone spurs…Write derivatives for:

Bone spurs also called osteophytes, are smooth, bony______growth_______ (to grow)that form
over a long period. They grow on normal
bone and tend to occur
with_______aging_____ (age). The spurs
themselves are not _______painful ______
(pain). Their effect on______neighborin __
(neighbor) structures, such as nerves and
Osteoarthritis

the _______spinal______ (spine)cord can cause pain. Common symptoms are

________losing_____ (to lose) of coordination, muscle_______weakness______(weak),muscle
spasms or _______numbness______ (numb). Factors that contribute to bone spurs include
aging, ______heredity_______ (hereditary), injuries, poor nutrition and poor _______posture
_____ (post).Physical therapy and _____manipulation________ (to manipulate) of joints to
restore ________flexibility___ (flexible) and ______strength___ (strong).

11. OA- diseased patientstalking about their problems. Fill in the proper Adjectives:
1) I can’t make simple daily tasks like brushing my teeth, and even eating can be sometimes
Painful/low-impact/poor/tough/safe/
loose/limber/desperate/stiffer /excruciating/degenerative/unbearable.

…………tough………because of pain in
fingers.
2) Yes, I started with …………low-impact….....
exercises that I tried to gradually increase to
moderate…
3) I had to talk with my healthcare provider about
my……safe……………weight-loss program ,
since I am overweight.
4) I think yoga is quite very helpful for me ,
stretching keepsmy joints ………
limber…………
5) Sometimes the braces on my knees become
too……loose……………and I don’t help anymore.
6) Sometimes the pain killers just don’t work and the pain is even more ……
excruciating…………
7) I do quite a lot weight training and I often feel………unbearable…………pain in my
elbows.May this lead to arthritis?
8) A yearon, my neck feels much …………painful………like I constantly have a crick in my
neck from sleeping awkwardly.
Osteoarthritis

9) Hi, I have arthritis in both knees, and I'm finding it difficult to walk up stairs
and now every step is ………stiffer……………
10) I was told it was a progressively ………degenerative…….… disease so I tried to stay
ahead of the oncoming issues by getting an orthopaedic mattress…
11) My pain doctor said I have to live with it. I try to be positive but a lot of the time I am
…………disperate…………
12) Unfortunately , my quality of life is ……poor……………. Pain medication can’t enable me
function better ….

12. Extra speaking activity. Match theDoctor’s Questions with Patient’s Answers.
Doctor’s Questions
1. Hello Mrs. Bellamy. Can you tell me
why you are here today?
2. Is anything else that is bothering
you?
3. What is the pain like? Can you score
it from 1 to 10 points?
4. Have you felt this kind of pain
before? When did it actually start?
5. Any ideas why is this happening?
Did you have any injuries or falls in
the past?
6. Do you have any other complications
aside from the pain in your knees?
7. Is there anything that makes the pain
worse or makes it better?
8. Are you taking any medications now?
9. Well , it looks like you have
osteoarthritis. But some
investigations need to be done to
confirm it.
10. The joint becomes damaged or
Patient’s Answers
 5 I did fall, well over a decade ago. At that
time the doctor told me that I will get arthritis
but of course I paid no attention then... I was
too young to worry about…
 4 In the beginning, I started feeling pain in
my knees, like pins and needles. It was
perhaps some months before.
 1 Good morning, Doctor! I have a terrible
pain in my knees for a while…And it is quire
bothersome…
 6 No, but it affects me mentally; because I
can't do the things that I used to do around the
house. Even walking around can be difficult
some days.
 2 No. This pain is just really bad … I feel
them stiff and swollen in the morning and it
isn't getting any better.
 3 Oh, I think it is 10! The pain is really
excruciating now!!! I cannot even climb the
staircase at home!
 11Well, doctor , I'm worried about how
Osteoarthritis
deteriorated. And again, we don't
know exactly the cause. Do you have
anyone in your family suffering from
Osteoarthritis? Genetics can be a
major risk factor…
11. I see. Do you have any other
concerns?
arthritis will affect my everyday
life. What should I do to ease the pain and
discomfort?
 8 Oh, I am taking pain relievers. But they
don’t last long…
 10 Yes, my mom.
 9 Oh, why does this happen, Doctor?
 7 Well, on cold days or rainy days, the pain is
debilitating…Nothing helps, even when I’m
at rest…
Osteoarthritis

13. Following the dialogue, make up the treatment options for Mrs. Bellamy,
based on the information above. Complete the case report.

1st treatment option:

2nd treatment option:

3rdtreatment option:

Case study : Osteoarthritis, Female, 62 years old

Osteoarthritis

Current health condition:

Symptoms:

Recent complains:

Medication Use:

Family History:

Investigations :

Treatment plan:
Osteoarthritis

14. Home project. Complete the concept mapping with useful tips.