WOKSHEET 1

Choose the best alternative

1. We were impressed by the impeccable/appreciative/ low-cost/ priceless service
at the hotel and would definitely stay there again.
2. We got a severe/poor/ desolate/raw deal when we booked our accommodation
and ended up paying through the nose for it.
3. As a scheduled/ weary/ unwary/ seasoned traveller, he knows how to get the
best deals on flights and accommodations.
4. These are only convention/ provisional/ provincial/ existential plans for the trip
and they may change.
Replace the word(s) in bold with a word from the box

quaint renovated convened impoverished lush secular

1. The jeep tour is set up to help poor villages in the countryside by bringing
tourist money to these areas.
2. This tour visits a variety of both religious and non-religious attractions in the
city.
3. I suggested this travel package as it provides accommodation at a recently
improved and restored hotel in the city centre.
4 Our guide took us on a canoe trip through the very green and thick vegetation
of the valley.
5 We stayed ai this charming and old-fashioned bed and breakfast while in
Vermont.
6 The restaurant is a transformed theatre from the early 19th century.

Fill in: in (x2), at (x2), through, down, up, over.

1. Travel, ................. essence, is the discovery of new places and cultures.
2. Tourists, ................ the very least, should be somewhat familiar with local
customs.
3. .................. the end, the exchange between tourists and locals should be a
positive experience.
4. We asked the taxi driver to pull ................ at the museum.
5. We were held .................. in traffics on our way to ths airport.
6. Be careful crossing the road; people in this country often race down ltE
street .................. full speed.
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7. lt's easy to flag .................. a taxi outside the street market-
8. l/t/e sailed ................. customs at the airport without a problem.

Complete the collocations in the following sentences

1. Implementing a tourism tax flies in the .................... of plans to increase€
tourism in the area.
2 Mike apologized to the personnel at the front desk for flying off the...................
when there was a mix up with his booking.
3 Time and …………… wait for no man, so don't miss this opportunity to see
the Amazon.
4 The disgruntled passenger was so upset that he told the airport security to go
fly a .................!
5 She had the time of her ................... on the cruise ship.

Fill in: ordinary, vibrant, unbeatable, beaten, luxurious, far-flung, tedious,

receptive.
Break FREE!
These days we seem to be spending more time planning our holidays than
enjoying them. With the plethora of travel websites and blogs at our fingertips,
offering the inside scoop on the most 1) ........................... accommodation and
how to get 2) ........................ prices on practically all your travel needs, there is
more choice than ever. Whatever happened, though, to throwing cation to the
wind and just heading off to some 3l ........................... location completely plan
free?
These kinds of holidays can be extremely refreshing and full of adventure as you
have no idea what will happen next. They offer you the chance to discover
something out of the 4) ……………. in places which can often lie off the
5) ........................... track and are populated by 6)................ communities full of
fun-loving, colorful people. These 7) ........................... locals are ready to
welcome you in and show you an authentic cultural experience. Spur-of-the-
moment travel sometimes results in long and extremely 8) ...........................
journeys but it's worth all the trouble when you return home with some amazing
stories to tell.

Find and correct 12 mistakes in this passage

Page 2
When it comes to an organ of such complexity as the eye, that is not difficult to
understand why some people cannot accept that such perfection was arrived with
the trial and error, or gradual development, of natural selection. Yet people
thought the earth stood still until Copernicus told them else. In the same way, it
shouldn’t be hard to believe that a complex eye could be formed by natural
selection unless it can be shown that there were numerous stages from a simple
and imperfect eye to a complex and perfect one, with each development being
useful to its possessor and the variations are inherited.
However, the search for stages through them an organ in anyone species have
come to perfection, which ideally would mean looking exclusively at its past
generations, really possible. Therefore, researchers are forced to examine species
and genora of the same group to discover which stages or gradual developments
are possible. Even the state of development of the same organ in a different class
of creature may send light on the steps taken towards perfection.
Some people object that in order for the eye to modify being still remain a useful
instrument to its owner, many changes would have had to take place
simultaneous. However, it is not necessary to suppose this if the modifications
were extremely slight and gradual.

Fill in each blank with a suitable word

People in ……………… book business are always saying how difficult it is to
think of a great title. There are so many books ………………….. these days that
it is probably getting harder and harder. Recently, I am walking through the
aisles of a bookshop - I was hoping to ……………… something for my
grandmother‘s birthday- when I was noticing some very odd titles, some so
clever that I had no idea ………….. the book was about. If you have been
…………… on your masterpiece for years, it seems ……………. a shame that
the book might get lost …………….. of a poor title. Publishers are always telling
would-be authors to …………… the title short and descriptive, but I think
there’s more …………… it. The title is the first thing the reader is seeing and it
has to be catchy. James Austen called one of her books ‘First Impression‘. I
wonder …………………. it would have been as famous if she had not been
changing the title to Pride and Prejudice. William Golding wrote a novel called
Strangers from Within. That’s OK, but I am preferring what ………………
became Lord of the Flies. Famously Paul McCartney had been ……………. on
a melody when he decided to give it the working title Scrambled Eggs.
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Fortunately the Beatles changed it. Yesterday is now ………………. classic.
Anyway, I think of writing a book called ‘How To Name Your Book’. That is
something I have …………….. for at least 10 minutes and I am expecting it to
make me millions.

Fill in each blank with a suitable word

Cool and sharp stories by a forgotten writer
In her afterword to a new edition of Bette Howland’s 1978 story collection, Blue
in Chicago, Honor Moore writes of “the exhausting formulaic epithet” that is “a
lost woman writer”. I know what she ………………... All my life, “lost” women
writers have suddenly reappeared, brought ……………… from the attics where
they languished, yellowing quietly. When I was young, I found this exciting: the
green spines of my Virago Classics transmitted to me nothing ……………….
energy and pride. But ………………. every year that passes, the idea of the lost
woman grows more wearying. It’s not only that there are ……………….. many.
The …………….. between disappearance and re-emergence is shrinking,
something that suggests, at best, a certain collective carelessness on our
……………. and, at ……………….., that the patriarchy is still snoring quietly
away in its favourite library chair.

Still, it’s wonderful that Howland is back in print, a woman who,

…………………. received a MacArthur “genius” fellowship in 1984, would
never publish again (she died in 2017, the author of just three books). Her prose
is cooler than a cocktail and ……………… than a Japanese knife. It’s zippy,
witty and sometimes deeply sad: Nora Ephron meets Lorrie Moore, which is
about as good as it gets.

Page 4
SECTION B. LEXICO- GRAMMAR (50 points)
Part 1. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences and write
your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (20 points)
1. Without additional funds from the government, the principal cannot ___________ the
issue of overcrowding in his school.
A. rectify B. banish C. sanction D. maltreat
2. Salt intake may lead to raised blood pressure in ___________ adults.
A. susceptible B. dangerous C. futile D. feasible
3. No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but ___________ it is clear that he is a
great artist.
A. in the aftermath B. by the time C. in retrospect D. in this eventuality
4. In recent years, many hills have been ___________ to give way to buildings.
A. demolished B. levelled C. flattened D. felled
5. The ___________ of thirst is based on the concentration of salt in the blood.
A. sensation B. sentiment C. response D. impression
6. The brother and sister were ___________ over who would get to inherit the beach house.
A. at large B. at odds C. at a standstill D. at a loose end
7. Don’t trust what you hear on the grapevine. It’s best to hear it straight from the
___________ mouth so you know it’s true.
A. dog’s B. horse’s C. camel’s D. cat’s
8. Charles Babbage’s “difference engine” is widely regarded as the ___________ of modern
computers.
A. precedent B. precursor C. ancestor D. antecedent
9. Because so much wheat has been sold to other countries, local supplies are ___________.
A. expanded B. depleted C. apprehended D. preoccupied
10. Parents know that a caring attitude can not only save you a small fortune, but also even
make you feel good about being ___________ and offering more care than presents.
A. tight-fisted B. pigheaded C. highly strung D. easy-going
11. Ann’s encouraging words gave me ___________ to undertake the demanding task once
again.
A. a point B. an incentive C. a resolution D. a target
12. The international conference of the Cardiological Association has been ___________ in
Cairo to discuss the revolutionary discovery of doctor Gonzales from Mexico.
A. deployed B. collected C. mobilized D. summoned
13. We did our best to fix the broken computer but our efforts bore no ___________
A. success B. fruit C. luck D. end
14. It was decide that the cost of the project would be ______ so it was abandoned.
A. repressive B. prohibitive C. restrictive D. exclusive
15. Many children who get into trouble in their early teens go on to become ______
offenders.
A. persistent B. insistent C. inverted D. innate
16. Advertisers often claim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable
spending _______.
A. power B. force C. energy D. ability
17. Before their restoration, parts of the medieval building were in a state of _______.
A. debris B. dilapidation C. devastation D. destruction

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18. As you are the strongest in the group, you can take the ______ .
A. lead B. head C. part D. way
19. His new play is not only interesting but also unique. It is really off the beaten _____ .
A. track B. road C. path D. route
20. Even the best medicines are not ______ .
A. infallible B. unfailing C. fail-proof D. falsified
Your answers:
1. 5. 9. 13. 17.
2. 6. 10. 14. 18.
3. 7. 11. 15. 19.
4. 8. 12. 16. 20.

Part 2. Read the passage below which contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and
write the corrections in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points)
Earth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life. Yet human
activities are making the planet less fit to live by. As the western world carries on consuming
two-third of the world's resources while half of the world's population do so just to stay
alive, we are rapidly destroying the only resource we have by what all people can survive
and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is neither built on or washed into the sea. Renewable
resources are exploited so much that they will never be able to recover completely. We
discharge pollutant into the atmosphere without any thought of the consequences. As a result
the planet's ability to support people is reducing at the very time when rising human numbers
and consumption are making increasing heavy demands on it.
Earth's natural resources are there for us to use. We need food, water, air, energy, medicines,
warmth, shelter and minerals to keep us feed, comfortable, healthy and active. If we are
sensitive in how we use the resources they will last indefinitely. But if we use them
wastefully and excessively they will soon run out and everyone will suffer.
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

Part 3. Complete each sentence with one suitable particle or preposition. Write your
answers in the box provided. (10 points)
1. You shouldn't pick ________ him just because he's different.
2. Table salt is composed _________ two elements, sodium and chlorine.
3. _________ the whole, I enjoyed the movie.
4. The boss was really hot _____ the collar when you told him you lost the contract.
5. I have to study day and night to keep _____ top.
6. He showed great ingenuity _____ solving the problem.
7. We had to take _____ the deliveries to make sure every piece was in good condition.
8. What chemical is this? It’s giving ________ a horrible smell.
9. The guide rounded _________ the party of tourists and led them to the cathedral.
10. Owing to circumstances ________ our control, the flight to Rome has been cancelled.
Your answers:
Page 6
1. 2. 4. 5.
3.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4. Write the correct form of the words given in the brackets. Write your answers in
the spaces provided below. (10 points)
It is commonly believed that a break from everyday routine can only do you good. Every
summer, you can spot (1) __________ PROSPECT holidaymakers at airports and waiting
for car ferries. They are (2) __________ MISTAKE - you can tell them a mile away by their
sun hats and hopeful expressions.
For all their optimism, what often actually happens can be a rude awakening from the
blissful holiday dreams of the rest of the year. Sunburn, mosquitoes and (3) ___________
FORESEE expenses can make you think twice about how (4) ____________ BENEFIT
getting away from it all really is.
The fact is, the (5) __________ LIKELY of something going wrong is maximised
when you are abroad and, (6) __________ FORTUNE your ability to deal with crisis and
catastrophe is often minimised. This could be because of language problems, (7) _________
FAMILIAR with the culture, or simply a different climate, all of which make everything
seem different and unreal.
So, what is the answer? (8) ___________ DOUBT an annual escape from normal working
life is a very positive thing. However, the (9)___________ WISE of seeking an exotic
location is (10) ___________ QUESTION when you think of all the things that can go
wrong.
Your answers:
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

C. READING (50 points)

Part 1. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each
gap. Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points)
Very few of us would admit putting much trust in horoscopes and the fact that the
movements of astronomical bodies (1) _________ to earthly occurrences affecting peoples’
everyday lives.
We all know about the zodiac signs which reflect the position of the sun, the moon and
the planets at the moment of a man’s birth and about the peculiar characteristics (2)
_________ to them by astrologers. We say we will take these phenomena with a (3)
_________ of salt while we keep running our eyes over them in every tabloid we (4)
_________ our hands on. Most frequently, we expect horoscopes to predict the future, to
restore our optimistic mood with a piece of comforting information or to (5) _________ our
ego by confirming the superlative features that we tend to attribute to our zodiacs.
However, there’s no scientific evidence to (6) _________ the assumption that human
existence is so closely (7) _________ with the parameters of the celestial bodies. Our
curiosity in horoscopes may, then, (8) _________ our sheer fascination with the unexplained

Page 7
or the unpredictable as well as in the enticing insight into the future that the horoscopes
offer, thus establishing the sense of our (9) _________ an extreme power over our own lives.
An addition explanation is that humans tend to have a soft (10) _________ for any form of
flattery, which is the fact to which astrologers and the horoscope writers seem to attach the
greatest deal of weight.
1. A. rely B. correspond C. match D. compare
2. A. identified B. associated C. incorporated D. ascribed
3. A. speck B. pinch C. grain D. scrap
4. A. settle B. draw C. grab D. lay
5. A. boost B. escalate C. revitalize D. improve
6. A. conclude B. concede C. corroborate D. Confound
7. A. fused B. adhered C. coalesced D. intertwined
8. A. stem B. crop C. rear D. dawn
9. A. disposing B. wielding C. effecting D. committing
10. A. pin B. dot C. spot D. nick
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 2. Read the following text and fill in the blank with ONE suitable word. Write your
answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
The trouble with school
In the first few years at school all appears to (1) ____ very well. There is much
concern, (2) ____the part of the teachers, with high educational standards, and the children,
even those who are (3) ____ from being socially privileged in other ways, seem eager and
happy. However, by the time the children reach adolescence, the promise of the early years
frequently remains unfulfilled. Many leave school (4) ____ having mastered those basic
skills which society demands, let (5) ____ having developed the ability to exercise any sort
of creative intelligence.
There is no denying that, in spite of the enlightened concern of our primary schools with
happiness, schooling (6) ____ or other turns into a distinctly unhappy experience for many of
our children. Large (7) ____ of them emerge from it well aware that they are ill-equipped for
life in our society. So then they either regard (8) ____ as stupid for failing or else, quite
understandably, they regard the activities at (9) ____ they have failed as stupid. In any event
they want no (10) ____ of them. How can we justify a long period of compulsory education
which ends like that?
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Fill in each blank with a suitable word
Cool and sharp stories by a forgotten writer
In her afterword to a new edition of Bette Howland’s 1978 story collection, Blue
in Chicago, Honor Moore writes of “the exhausting formulaic epithet” that is “a
lost woman writer”. I know what she ………………... All my life, “lost” women
writers have suddenly reappeared, brought ……………… from the attics where
Page 8
they languished, yellowing quietly. When I was young, I found this exciting: the
green spines of my Virago Classics transmitted to me nothing ……………….
energy and pride. But ………………. every year that passes, the idea of the lost
woman grows more wearying. It’s not only that there are ……………….. many.
The …………….. between disappearance and re-emergence is shrinking,
something that suggests, at best, a certain collective carelessness on our
……………. and, at ……………….., that the patriarchy is still snoring quietly
away in its favourite library chair.
Still, it’s wonderful that Howland is back in print, a woman who,
…………………. received a MacArthur “genius” fellowship in 1984, would
never publish again (she died in 2017, the author of just three books). Her prose
is cooler than a cocktail and ……………… than a Japanese knife. It’s zippy,
witty and sometimes deeply sad: Nora Ephron meets Lorrie Moore, which is
about as good as it gets.

Part 3. Read the following passage and circle the best answer to each of the following
questions. Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points)
The response of most animals when suddenly faced with a predator is to flee. Natural
selection has acted in a variety of ways in different species to enhance the efficacy of the
behaviours, known as "flight behaviours" or escape behaviours that are used by prey in
fleeing predators. Perhaps the most direct adaptation is enhanced light speed and agility. 
Adaptations for speed, however, are likely to require sacrifices biter attributes, so we
might expect only some species to adopt a simple fast flight strategy. 
Another way of enhancing the effectiveness of flight is to move in an erratic and
unpredictable way. Many species, like ptarmigans, snipes, and various antelopes and
gazelles, flee from predators in a characteristic zigzag fashion. Rapid unexpected changes in
flight direction make it difficult for a predator to track prey. 
In some species, like the European hare, erratic zigzagflight might be more effective in
the presence of predators that are faster than they are and straight light more effective against
predators that are slower. One observation that supports this suggestion is the recorded
tendency for slow-flying black-beaded gulls, which are normally able to escape predators by
means of direct flight, to show frequent changes in flight direction when they spot a
peregrine falcon (peregrinesare adept at capturing flying birds). 
A quite different way of enhancing escape by flight is to use so-called "flash" behaviour.
Here, the alarmed prey flees for a short distance and then "freezes." Some predators are
unexcited by immobile prey, and a startling flash of activity followed by immobility may
confuse them. "Flash" behaviour is used in particular by frogs and orthopteraninsects,
which make conspicuous jumps and then sit immobile. In some species, "flash" behaviour is
enhanced by the display of bright body markings. Good examples of insects with colourful
markings are the red and yellow underwing moths. At rest, both species are a cryptic brown
color. When they fly, however, brightly coloured hind wings are exposed, which render the
moths highly conspicuous. Similarly, some frogs and lizards have brightly coloured patches
or frills that may serve a 'flash" function when they move quickly. Some species even appear
to possess "flash" sounds. The loud buzzing and clicking noises made by some grasshoppers

Page 9
when they jump may serve to emphasize the movement. 

1. The word "enhance" in line 2 is closest in meaning to........... 

A. encourage B. resist  C. increase  D. reveal 
2. The description of the prey's movement as "zigzag" suggests that the movement is....... 
A. reliable B. fast C. constant  D. unpredictable 
3. It can be inferred from the passage that the European hare......... 
A. is faster than most of its predators 
B. is capable of two kinds of flight 
C. is more likely to escape using straight flight
D. is preyed upon by gulls and falcons 
4. The behaviour of black-beaded gulls is most comparable to that of....... 
A. gazelles  B. European hares  C. peregrine falcons D. frogs 
5. It can be inferred that black-beaded gulls change direction when they spot a peregrine
falcon for which of the following reasons? 
A. The falcons are faster than the gulls. 
B. The gulls want to capture the falcons. 
C. The falcons are unpredictable. 
D. The gulls depend on the falcons for protection. 
6. The word "alarmed" in line 18 is closest in meaning to.......... 
A. moving B. selected  C. frightened  D. exhausted 
7. All of the followings are mentioned as characteristics of "flash" behaviour
EXCEPT........... 
A. brief conspicuous activity B. immobility 
C. bright body markings  D. aggressive fighting 
8. The phrase "in particular" in line 20 is closest in meaning to........... 
A. especially  B. with difficulty C. expertly D. frequently 
9. The hind wings of red and yellow underwing moths function in a way that is most similar
to........... 
A. the hind wings of peregrine falcons
B. the zigzag flight of European hares 
C. the colored patches on frogs 
D. the clicking of grasshoppers 
10. Why does the author mention "grasshopper" in the last line? 
A. To contrast animals that "flash" with animals that "freeze". 
B. As an example of an animal whose "flash" behaviour is a sound. 
C. To compare the jumping behaviour of insects and reptiles. 
D. As an example of a predator that moths escape by using "flash" behavior. 
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 4. Read the following extract and answer questions 1-10. (15 points)
For questions 1-10, choose correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of
headings. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. There is an example
at the beginning.
List of Headings

Page 10
 i. The biological clock
ii. Why dying is beneficial
iii. The ageing process of men and women
iv. Prolonging your life
v. Limitations of life span
vi. Models of development of different species
vii. A stable life span despite improvements
viii. Energy consumption
ix. Fundamental differences in ageing of objects and organisms
x. Repair of genetic material

HOW DOES THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK TICK?

A. Our life span is restricted. Everyone accepts this as ‘biologically’ obvious. ‘Nothing lives
forever!’ However, in this statement we think of artificially produced, technical objects,
products which are subjected to natural wear and tear during use. This leads to the result that
at some time or other the object stops working and is unusable (‘death’ in the biological
sense). But are the wear and tear and loss of function of technical objects and the death of
living organisms really similar or comparable?
B. Our ‘dead’ products are ‘static’, closed systems. It is always the basic material which
constitutes the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes
‘older’. Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of
thermodynamics. Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is
not inexorable in the same way. At least as long as a biological system has the ability to
renew itself it could actually become older without ageing; an organism is an open, dynamic
system through which new material continuously flows. Destruction of old material and
information of new material are thus in permanent dynamic equilibrium. The material of
which the organism is formed changed continuously. Thus our bodies continuously exchange
old substance for new, just like a spring which more or less maintains its form and
movement, but in which the water molecules are always different.
C. Thus ageing and death should not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organism
possesses many mechanisms for repair. It is not, in principle, necessary for a biological
system to age and die. Nevertheless, a restricted life span, ageing, and then death are basic
characteristics of life. The reason for this is easy to recognize: in nature, the existent
organisms either adapt or are regularly replaced by new types. Because of changes in the
genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of their
individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental
conditions. Immortality would disturb this system- it needs room for new and better life.
This is the basic problem of evolution.
D. Every organism has a life span which is highly characteristic. There are striking
differences in life span between different species, but within one species the parameter is
relatively constant. For example, the average duration of human life has hardly changed in
thousands of years. Although more and more people attain an advanced age as a result of
developments in medical care and better nutrition, the characteristic upper limit for most
remains 80 years. A further argument against the simple wear and tear theory is the
observation that the time within which organisms age lies between a few days (even a few
hours for unicellular organisms) and several thousands years, as with mammoth trees.

Page 11
E. If a life span is genetically determined biological characteristic, it is logically necessary to
propose the existence of an internal clock, which in some way measures and controls the
ageing process and which finally determines death as the last step in a fixed programme.
Like the life span, the metabolic rate has for different organisms a fixed mathematical
relationship to the body mass. In comparison to the life span this relationship is “inverted”:
the larger the organism the lower its metabolic rate. Again this relationship is valid not only
for birds, but also, similarly on average within the systematic unit, for all other organisms
(plants, animals, unicellular organisms).
F. Animals which behave “frugally” with energy become particularly old, for example,
crocodiles and tortoises. Parrots and birds of prey are often held chained up. Thus they are
not able to “experience life” and so they attain a high life span in captivity. Animals which
save energy by hibernation or lethargy (e.g. bats or hedgehogs) live much longer than those
which are always active. The metabolic rate of mice can be reduced by a very low
consumption of food (hunger diet). They then may live twice as long as their well fed
comrades. Women become distinctly (about 10 per cent) older than man. If you examine the
metabolic rates of the two sexes you establish that the higher male metabolic rate roughly
accounts for the lower male life span. That means that they live life “energetically”- more
intensively, but not for as long.
G. It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reserves should tend to extend life.
Extreme high performance sports may lead to optimal cardiovascular performance, but they
quite certainly do not prolong life. Relaxation lowers metabolic rate, as does adequate sleep
and in general an equable and balanced personality. Each of us can develop his or her own
“energy saving programme” with a little self-observation, critical self-control and, above all,
logical consistency. Experience will show that to live in this way not only increase the life
span but is also very healthy. This final aspect should not be forgotten.
0. Paragraph A 1. Paragraph B 2. Paragraph C 3. Paragraph D.
4. Paragraph E 5. Paragraph F 6. Paragraph G

For questions 7 -10, write in the corresponding numbered boxes:

Y if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage
N if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage
NG if there is no information about this in the passage
7. The wear and tear theory applies to both artificial objects and biological systems.
8. Through mutations, organisms can adapt better to the environment.
9. In principle, it is possible for a biological system to become older without ageing.
10. Within seven years, about 90 percent of a human body is replaced as new.
Your answers:
0. v 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
7. 8. 9. 10.

D. WRITING (50 points)

Part 1. Rewrite each sentence using the word in brackets so that the meaning stays the
same. You must use between THREE and EIGHT words, including the word given. (10
points)
1. The new theatre is extremely ugly and spoils the view of the village. (blot)

Page 12
=> The new theatre is _____________________________________ and spoils the view of
the village.
2. Your attitude to life would be greatly improved by regular exercise. (wonders)
=> Regular exercise_______________________________________ you look at life.
3. It is as yet unclear whether a new sports centre is being planned or not. (seen)
=> It _______________________________________ are any plans for a new sports centre
or not.
4. Mary is far superior to me in terms of technical knowledge. (match)
=> When it comes ________________________________________________ for Mary.
5. Anthony wasn’t at all discouraged by this bad experience. (put)
=> This bad experience _______________________________________________ least.

Part 2. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the
same as the sentence printed before it. (10 points)
1. If nothing unfortunate happens, I’ll see you next week.
=> All _________________________________________________________________.
2. Redundancy has caused a lot of domestic problems.
=> Many a __________________________________________________________
3. The film didn’t come up to my expectations.
=> The film fell ______________________________________________________
4. Since she couldn’t get through to the police, she ran next door for help.
=> Not ___________________________________________________.
5 The value of sterling has fallen considerably in the past week.
=> There has _____________________________________________________.

Part 3: “Cooperation rather than competition should be encouraged among high-school

students.” In about 200- 250 words, write an essay to express your opinion on the
proposal. Use reasons and examples to support your position. (30 points)
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