MIL QUARTER 1 MODULE 3 Lesson 4

Ganilyn D. Ponciano. STEM 12 – A MIL

Activity 1. News Report

Directions: To know more about this pandemic, your task is to look for 3 news articles about
Coronavirus Covid-19 and place them in a sheet of paper. Then, write on the box the references where
you got your news articles and answer the questions that follow.

1. Battling the Pandemic in South-East Asia Amid Vaccine Shortages and More Contagious
Variants

ASEAN countries were among the first to be affected by COVID-19. But for 18 months, we managed to
keep the virus's spread below levels experienced in other regions, accounting for less than 5 per cent of
global cases and deaths. We are now facing our greatest challenge in the pandemic to date, as several
countries in the region battle major surges, with the spread of the Delta variant among populations that
are largely still unvaccinated.

When COVID-19 was first detected, strong commitments to national and regional health security, as well
as past experiences with disease outbreaks including SARS and H5N1, enabled countries in this region to
respond quickly and effectively. The investments we had made, working together and strengthening our
capacity under the Asia Pacific Strategy for Emerging Diseases and Public Health Emergencies (APSED,
APSED 2010, and APSED III), paid off.

But we are now fighting a variant that is twice as transmissible as the original virus while grappling with
global vaccine shortages and inequitable distribution. Our global share of cases and deaths is rising
sharply, and even the strongest public health systems in the region are being tested. In some places,
health systems are dangerously close to the "red line," where the number of critical cases exceeds ICU
capacity, and hospitals can no longer provide the care that people need.

Because of scarcity in the global vaccine supply, distribution initially focused on countries that were
experiencing largescale outbreaks. As a result, many Member States in this region that had successfully
suppressed the virus were not prioritized. In these countries, vulnerable populations—healthcare
workers and older people—were left waiting for their turn.

In early August, a key milestone was finally reached. All countries and areas in the WHO Western Pacific
Region had secured sufficient doses to protect all of their healthcare workers. These include seven
ASEAN countries. Health and other frontline workers have been working tirelessly to protect us during
the COVID-19 pandemic. Some have not been home to see their families in months. I am so relieved that
the Western Pacific Region has sufficient doses for all of them. Ensuring every health care worker in
every country is vaccinated has always been a top priority for WHO—even in countries and areas which
have reported few cases to date.
The nature of this pandemic means that COVID-19 can reach every corner of the globe, and every
healthcare worker—particularly those who are most exposed to the virus, working on the frontlines—
should be fully vaccinated. More than 33 million vaccine doses have been delivered to the Region by the
COVAX Facility, co-led by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), Gavi, the Vaccine
Alliance, and WHO, alongside key delivery partner UNICEF, and supported by several ASEAN countries.

The remainder were either produced locally, bought by governments, or donated bilaterally. This would
not have been possible without generous funding and support from governments, the private sector,
and philanthropic and multilateral partners. But we still have a long way to go to ensure that all
healthcare workers actually receive their doses, and other priority groups are also protected.

2. Vaccine nasal sprays aim to ‘shut door’ on virus

PARIS - Could delivering COVID-19 immunity directly to the nose — the area of the body via which it is
most likely to be transmitted — help conquer the pandemic?

The World Health Organization says clinical trials are underway to evaluate eight nasal spray vaccines
that target COVID-19.

The most advanced effort so far by China's Xiamen University, the University of Hong Kong and Beijing
Wantai Biological Pharmacy has completed phase-2 trials.

"When the virus infects someone it usually gets in through the nose," said researcher Nathalie Mielcarek
who is working with the Lille Pasteur Institute to develop a nasal spray vaccine against whooping cough.

"The idea is to shut the door.

An article published in Scientific American in March urged developing nasal spray vaccines because they
have an immediate effect on the virus in an infected person's mucus. There they trigger production of an
antibody known as immunoglobulin A, which can block infection.

"This overwhelming response, called sterilizing immunity, reduces the chance that people will pass on
the virus," said the article. The vaccines currently available offer strong protection against severe forms
of COVID-19 but are less reliable at preventing the spread of the virus. Stimulating immunity directly in
the nose "lowers the risk of infecting other people", said Mielcarek.

"From there you have less of the virus infecting the lungs and so fewer severe cases since the viral load
is lower," she added.

An article published in March by Gavi the Vaccine Alliance noted other advantages, including the fact
that the sprays don't need refrigeration and don't need to be administered by health professionals.

"People would be able to self-administer them at home," the article says, adding "they are likely to be
more popular for the millions of people who don’t like needles".

And in a French study on mice presented last week, 100 percent of subjects vaccinated with the spray
survived infection by COVID-19 while all unvaccinated mice died. "
The vaccinated animals... showed low levels of the virus so they are not contagious anymore — that's
one of the advantages of the nasal spray," Philippe Mauguin, CEO of the French institute that hopes to
patent the vaccine told AFP.

Isabelle Dimier-Poisson who led the research has high hopes. "It could allow us to get back to life before
the pandemic, without social distancing, and without masks," she said. —Agence France-Presse

3. Heart inflammation rates higher after Moderna COVID-19 vaccine - Canada data

Canadian health officials said on Friday data suggests reported cases of rare heart inflammation
were relatively higher after Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine compared with the Pfizer/BioNTech shots.

The data also indicated heart inflammation occurs more often in adolescents and adults under 30
years of age, and more often in males.

The statement from the Public Health Agency of Canada said majority of the affected individuals
experienced relatively mild illness and recovered quickly.

The risk of cardiac complications, including heart inflammation, has been shown to be substantially
increased following COVID-19 infections, with the risks higher after the infection than after
vaccination, according to the statement.

The benefits of mRNA shots in preventing COVID-19 continue to outweigh the risks, regulators in the
United States, EU and the World Health Organization have said. – Reuters

Reference for news # 1: https://www.who.int/westernpacific/news/commentaries/detail-

hq/battling-the-pandemicin-south-east-asia

Reference for news # 2: https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/scitech/science/803747/vaccine-

nasal-sprays-aim-to-shut-door-on-virus/story/

Reference for news # 3: https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/scitech/science/805439/heart-

inflammation-rates-higher-after-moderna-covid-19-vaccine-canada-data/story/

1. Where did you search for these information or news article?

- I search these information/news article in newspapers, and internet because it's the only way to
find out what's happening in our community, and it's very important to always keep updated on
the news.
2. How did you determine the quality and accuracy of the information?

- I did follow the main criteria in determining whether a source is reliable or not.

- There are several main criteria for determining whether a source is reliable or not.

1) Accuracy. Verify the information you already know against the information found in the source.
Look also for disclaimers as to the accuracy of the content. You may also want to double-check the
information against a source that you already know is trustworthy. Even though a source may use
technical language, the content may be misleading.

2) Authority. Make sure the source is written by a trustworthy author and/or institution. If you are
using a webpage, you can usually identify the owner/publisher by the URL, or check for a copyright
statement near the bottom of the page. Make sure the author has the proper credentials on the
subject matter. Also, determine if the source is biased. For example, if it is medical information from
a drug company, that company will provide information in support of its product. Be aware of the
objectivity of the author and his/her viewpoints.

3) Currency. Depending on your subject, your currency needs will vary. For topics related to recent
breakthroughs in medicine and technology, you will need to find up-to-date sources. If, however,
you are researching a historical topic, older resources may still be useful. For webpages, you can
often find a copyright date near the bottom. Also, look for the words "revised" or "updated" to find
the date of the website.

4) Coverage. You will also want to examine the content of the source and how it fits your
information needs. Identify its relevancy to your topic and whether or not it addresses the subject
matter. Also, make sure it provides enough information if you are looking for a source that discusses
the matter in-depth. Additionally, determine if the site provides all the data you may need. For
example, if you need to include graphs or charts in your paper, try to find a source that provides
these.

To summarize, check who published the source, the purpose of the source, when it was
created/updated, and its content. Also see if it has any potential bias and, if a webpage, provides
references or reliable links to other sources.

Activity 2. Evaluating Online Resources Directions:

 Assess the following resources that appeared in a search for “indigenous alcohol morality”. Write
the word suitable on the line if it is suitable to use as an information source and reference in
academic assignments. If not, write not suitable and explain briefly your reasons.

NOT SUITABLE CreativeSpirits.Info is not suitable as an

information source or reference in academic
assignments because the purpose of the
website is to convince the audience of its
credibility, and it doesn’t have a clear
purpose, which only makes me think that it
does not focus on something significant. The
author of the website is a web developer who
created a creative spirit to tell about his
travels in Western Australia and publish his
photographs and poems. Depending on what
he wants to publish on his website, this may
be subjective. Most of his references are news
articles, which are not suitable references for
academic papers.
SUITABLE
Academic-peer reviewed articles are good for
references for academic assignments. Many
experts examine and review the content of it
before publishing. It is a reliable source
because scholars’ check the quality and
validity of the information before using it for
writing his/her academic paper. All of us
believe that peer-reviewed academic articles
are a reliable source of academic papers.

NOT SUITABLE
Although news articles are the main source of
information because they provide first-hand
information about events or experiences, they
are not a good reference or source of
information for academic writing. Writers
write news articles according to the
preference of the general public to get their
interest, which only proves that it is not
appropriate for academic writing.
Activity 3. Sources of Information
 Give examples of media for each source of information by pasting 3 pictures in each box. Do this in a
short bond paper.

Indigenous Media Library Internet

Folk songs Magazines Software

Folk Dance Encyclopedia Websites
Folktales Books Digital Images

Activity 4. Mind Mapping

Directions: Create a mind map about indigenous media. A Mind Map is a diagram used to visualize
the relationship among pieces of the whole. You may add more circles if necessary.

Communication Local

Indigenous
Knowledge media Education

Culture
Society

Activity 5. Essay Directions:

 In this activity, interview two elders in your family and ask them about cultural beliefs or practices in
your community: how they preserve, handed-down and adapted them. Then, ask at least three
teenagers if they know and value those cultural beliefs or practices.

ELDER #1
I have so many cultural beliefs and practices learned when I was a child and I value it up until now. First
is I believe that all bad things that are happening to the world are from God for our bad manners. Be it
environmental quakes, typhoons, tsunami, and pandemics. We also believe in KARMA where God makes
you miserable for evil deeds you made like murder, greediness, immorality, etc. We believe that
blessings will come from God. Second is the cultural practice of bringing “pasalubongs” or gifts of any
kind to families, relatives, or friends when arriving from abroad as a way of sharing. When I was a child,
my aunts and uncles from abroad always have something from me whenever they go home here in the
Philippines that's why when I already had a family, I told my children that kind of practice and when they
make it through abroad, they're now doing it on you guys, their nieces, and nephews. The third is
"Pagmamano", its scene that can appear very peculiar to a foreign visitor is when Filipino children come
up to their parents or grandparents when they come home or meet them, and instead of welcoming
them with a hug or a kiss, they take the elder's hand and put the back of it on their forehead. It is a
gesture of respect, usually performed either to an elderly citizen or to a person of a religious order
(usually a priest). It is usually followed by the expression 'mano po,' mano meaning 'hand' in Spanish,
and po, a philippine-language particle used to show reverence. Every time someone take my hand to do
"pagmamano", I always tell them God bless and good luck.

ELDER #2
Simula nung bata pa ako marami sa akin tinuro ang aking magulang. Bukod sa paggawa ng gawaing
bahay at pagbubukid tinuro din sa akin ang iba't ibang paniniwala nila tungkol sa diyos, mga tama at
bawal na ginagawa, mga pamahiin at tradisyon. Tandang tanda ko pa ang mga paniniwala na sinabi sa
akin noong nabubuhay pa ang aking magulang. "Bawal magwalis pag may patay",
"Kapag kumukulog at kumikidlat dapat takpan ang salamin para hindi tamaan ng kidlat ang bahay nio", "
Pwera Usog", " Pag sa burol bawal daw mag uwi ng pagkain galing sa patay", "Pag lunes bawal umutang
" Bawal magwalis sa gabi", "bawal matulog pag basa ang buhok".at marami pang iba.
Naniniwala din kami sa mga diyos diyosan sa gubat, ilog,karagatan. Naniniwala din kami sa mga malas at
swerte. Ang tradition namin ang pagdarasal tuwing linggo. I believed that we Filipinos are respectful
because we have this characteristic that if you saw an elder/s you must do the “mano” to pay respects.
Filipinos help one another. As Filipinos, we got this kind of characteristic by observing and applying it to
ourselves. Filipinos must help each other to have a better life like when Yolanda hits our country some
of the people lost their homes and belongings. That’s where other Filipinos made a plan to help the
peoples who are in need by providing some clothes and goods.

TEEN #1
To be honest, I dont really know those cultural beliefs but there's one cultural beliefs i'm always do
especially to the elders. I always do "Pagmamano" as i leave or coming home. They say that
“Pagmamano"' is the sign of respect to the elderly so since when I was a a child my parents already
teach me to do this whenever I leave pr coming to our house to give me goodluck and guide me to the
destination where I go.

TEEN #2
Cultural beliefs are the reason we're we can represent our country and the reason why our country is
known as being hospitality.
Filipinos value traditions and culture.
Here in our country, we are celebrating different kinds of Festivals and other traditions that represent
our community. Elders started it but up until now, we are still doing that kind of party to pay respect and
to have some fun with others. We are just going to set aside a specific day just to celebrate birthdays,
festivals, anniversaries, and other types of traditions that we have because we believed that spending
time with each other is something that we can share with generations.
Filipinos are respectful.

TEEN #3
’Diba counted Christianity? Nagsisimba kami kahit online lang and nag pa-pray together”
Christianity, or any religion in general, is one of the most passed down cultural thing that has pre-dates
modern civilization.
People still practice their religious beliefs and even influenced year-round events such as Christmas. All
these are tradition, and its prevalence cements its existence.

What source of information did you use?

I used Indigenous media; the information was relayed to the interviewees orally.