Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN)

Small topological area Large topological area

Eg: a building, a site, a housing complex, a school or university area, etc Eg: between cities, island, countries, etc
*Internet is considered to be WAN since internet is connecting computers from
all over the globe

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 Silicon Valley: 121.4 km2
Sampoerna Academy: 0.0225 km2
Medan: 265 km2

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 CLIENT - SERVER MODEL

Thin Client Thick Client

Software that relies on a remote server Software that runs at least some
Definition
such as a cloud platform for its features. features directly on your device.
Offline Functions mostly don't work Functions mostly work
Generally consumes few local resources
Local Generally consumes more local
such as disk, computing power and
Resources resources
memory.
Functionality may work without a
Network Functionality may depend on a fast
connection or with a slow
Latency network connection.
connection.
Data Data is typically stored on servers. Data may be stored locally.

FILE SHARING
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Client Server P2P (Peer-to-Peer)

LINK TO THE ANIMATED VERSION

https://www.dropbox.com/preview/Public/index.html

(Copy and paste the link above into a web browser to view, until I fix the li
DATA COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS

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 Sender Glossary
 Receiver
 Message Bandwidth  is measured as the amount of data that can
 Transmission Media be transferred from one point to another within a network
 Protocol in a specific amount of time

Attenuation is a general term that refers to any

reduction in the strength of a signal.
MESSAGE

TRANSMISSION MEDIA - CABLE or WIRELESS

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Cable

Few questions need to be asked when choosing the type of cable:

- cost of cable and connecting devices
- maximum bandwidth (the highest data transmission rate possible )
- interference (disturbance of signal which may cause corruption of data transmitted)
- attenuation (deterioration of the signal, especially when high frequency are transmitted)

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WIRELESS

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*Transmission Mode

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 SATELLITE VAN ALLEN BELT:

Area in the atmosphere containing high levels of electrically charged

particles which interferes with satellites since they work in electromagnetic
wave

Type of Satellite and minimum number to cover full global coverage.

GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) : 3 satellites
MEO (Middle Earth Orbit) : 10 satellites
LEO (Low Earth Orbit) : 50 satellites (*few hundreds exists)

*Satellite was seen as the way to connect computers for the world, BUT the
invention of cheap high-speed fibre-optic cable reduces the need for satellite.

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 PROTOCOL
A set of rules for data transmission which are agreed by sender and receiver Examples:
- TCP IP - use for internet transmission
- Ethernet - use for LAN
- HTTP - use for World Wide Web (WWW)
- Email (SMTP, IMAP and POP3) - use for email transmission
- FTP - use to file transmission between computer

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