Dhammar

omoemawmfESpf - 2553? aumZmouú&mZf - 1371?
uqkefvjynfhaeY/
c&pfESpf - 2009? arv (8)&uf/
(earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó)3
t&[H*P
k af wmf
- udavom[l wGif;&efolwkdY rjyL0hHa&Smif; a0;awmfrlaom taMumif;aMumifhvnf;
]t&[H-t&[} rnfawmfr\l /
- oHo&mpuf uefYtuGufudk r*fav;atmufxuf tajrmufpufjzifh azsmufzsuf
eif;acs twif;arTvsuf &Si;f apcgxGuf tvmysuaf tmif ememESuaf wmfrl Ny;D xaom
taMumif;aMumifv h nf; ]t&[H-t&[} rnfawmfr\ l /
- vlewfjA[®m owå0gwkYd\ 0yfpif;aumfa&mf ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrlxdkufaom
h nf; ]t&[H-t&[} rnfawmfr\
taMumif;aMumifv l /
- avmb a'go arm[wnf;[laom udavomwku Yd kd nufnufEyk Ef yk f ckwxf iG yf ,f&mS ;
h nf; ]t&[H-t&[} rnfawmfr\
awmfrNl y;D aom taMumif;aMumifv l /
- ygynpfusL; raumif;rIwkdYjyKzkdYae&m qdwfuG,f&m r&Sdawmfrlaom taMumif;
aMumifhvnf; ]t&[H-t&[} rnfawmfr\ l /
or®morÁK'¨*Pk af wmf
- tbdan,sm? y&dnmESifh y[mwAÁ opädu[k r*¾bm0em av;opömudk q&mrqdk
tvdvk vkd Qif r*fzv
kd Ef iId ;f axmufrazmufrjyef {uefow
d wf aMumif;wpfpyfaMumifh
]or®morÁKa'¨g - or®morÁK'¨} rnfawmfrl\/
- ocFg&? 0dum&? vu©P? edAmÁ ef? ynwfwnf;[laom aÚ,s"H w&m;ig;yg;udk q&mrqdk
tvdvk v kd Qif r*fzv
kd Ef iId ;f axmufrazmufrjyef {uefow
d wf aMumif;wpfpyfaMumifh
]or®morÁKa'¨g - or®morÁK'¨} rnfawmfrl\/
b*0g*kPaf wmf
- £ó&d, "r® ,o? oD&d umr y,wårnf bkef;ajcmufvDESifh jynfhpkHawmfrl
aomaMumifh ]b*0g-b*0g} rnfawmfr\
l /
aus;Zl;awmf&Sif "r®mEkyóem yckuúLq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;
b'ÉÅ £aE´mbmo r[max&f (tedpöq&mawmf) \
qHk;rMo0g' oHaygufvuFmrsm;
- a,mp Ak'Í¨ ö "r®Íö oHCÍö o&PH*awm? pwåm&d t&d,opömed or®yn
Ü m, yówd/
a,mp-
a,mp-tMuifolonf? Ak'¨Íö "r®Íö oHCÍö o&PH*awm - bk&m; w&m; oHCmudk
qnf;uyf\? pwåm&d-xdo k ol nfav;yg;aom? t&d,opömed- t&d,opömw&m;ud?k
or®yn Ü m,yówd-0dyóem ynmESijhf rif\/
- Aka'¨g aomb*0g aAm"em,s "r®aH 'aowd?
rkawåm aomb*0g armpem,s "r®Ha'aowd?
wdaPÖm aomb*0g wma&em,s "r®Ha'aowd/
Aka'¨gjrwfpmG bk&m;onf opömav;yg;w&m;udk odawmfr\ l ? oHo&mrS (0g) 'kuo© pömrS
vGwaf jrmufawmfr\ l ? oHo&mwpfbufurf;udk ul;ajrmufEikd yf g\? xdt
Yk wl owå0g
rsm;udv k nf;odapawmfr\ l ? vGwaf jrmufapawmfr\
l ? ul;ajrmufapawmfr\ l /
'kuo
© pömteufav;csuf
yDVem ocFwa|mp? wayg 0dy&dPmrem? 'kuo
© pöH pwkaw¬[?d 0dbwåm0ð rkeð ear/
yDVemp - ESyd pf ufjcif; teufvnf;aumif;?
ocFwa|mp - jyKjyifc&H jcif; teufvnf;aumif;?
oEÅmaygp - ylyefjcif; teufvnf;aumif;?
0dy&dPmarmp - azmufjyefjcif;teufvnf;aumif;?
£wd - þodkY? 'ku©opöH - 'ku©opömudk? pwkaw¬[d - av;yg;aomteufwkdYjzifh?
0dbwåm0ð - a0zefí a[mMum;awmfrlaom? Ak'¨H - jrwfpGmbk&m;udk? ear ermrd -
&Scd ;kd yg\/
- oufawmfxif&Sm;bk&m;&Sdao;w,f? trSm;eYJtrSef? bk&m;qdk ]ÓPf}? trSm;udk
trSefrvkyfeJY? w&m;qdk ]emrf½kyf}uGJU? [efrvkyfeJY a[h? ]uH} jyKwfatmif BudK;pm;Mu/
aus;Zl;awmf&Sif "r®mEkyóem yckuúLq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;
b'ÉÅ £aE´mbmo r[max&f (tedpöq&mawmf) \
qHk;rMo0g' oHaygufvuFmrsm;
- 0dygu0#ftcsi;f csi;f qufo, G v f sO;f r,Gi;f udavo0#fjzpfownf;/
udavo0#fomjzpfavyg ur®0#f[mjzpfownf;/
ur®0#fomjzpfavyg 0dygu0#f[mjzpfownf;/
- 0dygu0#ftcsi;f csi;f tqufo, G u
f if; tvsO;f udavo0#frjzpfownf;/
udavo0#fomrjzpfyg ur®0#f[m rjzpfownf;/
ur®0#fomrjzpfyg 0dygu0#f[m rjzpfownf;/
- 0dygu0#fom rjzpfyg ol[m t&d,mjzpfownf;/
0#foHk;yg;om odvdkufyg vGwfrSm aocsmonf/
oH;k yg;txuf ydí k pGuf vGw&f ufr&SNd y/D
- rsufpdu 0dygum? qJcsifwmu udavom? qJvdkufwmu ur®m/
- qJcsifwmu udavom? qJvdkufwmu ur®m? t&om&Sdwmu 0dygum/
- qJcsi½f okH mqJcsiyf g? rqJvu kd yf geJ?Y t0dZmÆ aMumifo
h m qJcsiw
f m? 0dZmÆ rqJcsi/f
- 0dyóemqdw k m b,fv[ kd m b,frmS ½Iíjzpfoenf;/
tjypfjzpf&m uHoHk;jzm? aocsm½Ií odownf;/
aocsmav;om ½Ivdkufyg? tmoa0g[mukefownf;/
tjypfawGom rjzpfyg? ol[mt&d,mjzpfownf;/
- olwpfyg;tjypfuo kd m ½Iavyg tmo0[mjzpfownf;/
uJh&JUíomaeavyg rSwfyg tmoa0gwdk;ownf;/
- r½d;k om; rjzLpif þtjrif þwGif ykxZk Ofjzpfownf;/
½d;k om;jzLpif þtjrif þwGit f &d,mjzpfownf;/
t&d,momjzpfavyg ½d;k om;jzLpifjzpfownf;/
"r®mEkyóemw&m;awmftESpcf sKyf 1
]] vlr&Sad ompdw?f pdwrf &Sad omvl w&m;awmf }}

" Mind without man, Man without mind "
£ro®ð owd £'H a[mwd? £ro®ð towd £'H ea[mwd/

£ro®ð - þemrf½yk o f nf? owd - &Scd ahJ omf? £'H - þrsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm?
ud,
k ?f pdww Ykd nf? a[mwd - jzpf\/
f o
£ro®ð - þemrf½yk o f nf? towd - r&Scd ahJ omf? £'H - þrsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm?
ud,
k ?f pdwf wdo Yk nf? ea[mwd - rjzpf/
emrf½yk yf &J w
dS ,f
]emrf½kyf} &SdvQif rsufpdawG em;awG &Sdw,f? ]emrf½kyf} r&SdvQif rsufpdawG
em;awGvnf; r&Sb d ;l qdak wmh? 'Drsupf ad wG em;awGu b,frmS jzpfovJqakd wmh? rsupf ad wG
em;awGu ]emrf½yk }f rSmyJjzpfw,f/
'gqdk cifAsm;wdrYk mS vnf; rsupf ad wG em;awG r&Sb d ;l vm;? &Sw
d ,fqv kd Qif vlawGrmS
vJ&w
dS ,f? NrKd UxJrmS a&m rsupf ad wG em;awG r&Sb d ;l vm;? olwaYkd &m bmawGvJ ]emrf½yk af wG}yJ
r[kwv f m;? awmxJrmS vnf; rsupf ad wG em;awG r&Sb d ;l vm;? olwaYkd &m bmawGvJ
]emrf½yk af wG}yJ r[kwv f m;? 'Dvq kd kd vlawGrmS rsupf ad wG em;awG &So d vm;/
vlr&Sad ompdw?f pdwrf &Sad omvl

vlawGrmS rsupf ad wG em;awG&w dS ,fqv kd Qif ]vlawG} rSmvnf;&Sw d ,f? ]emrf½yk }f
rSmvnf; &Sw d ,fqakd wmh ESpcf k jzpfaerSmaygh? 'Dae&m w&m;&zdt Yk wGuf t"du (Main)yJ?
'g Ph.D bGUJ &awmhrmS ]vlawG} rSm rsupf ad wG em;awGr&Syd gbl;? 'Dawmh ]vlawG} a&m
&So
d vm; r&Sb d ;l aemf/
uJ qdkMunfhprf; ]vlr&Sdaompdwf} b,fhES,faeovJ Nidrf;at;aerSmaygh?
]pdwrf &Sad omvl} t"dygÜ ,fu eifEh , S [f ,f pdwrf &Sw d v
hJ vl ykd J qJrem qdrk em? qJvQif
vnf; ]vl} r&Sad wmh ]em;} ]em;}qJwmyJjzpf&r,f? uJ&h UJ vQiv f nf; em;yJ uJ&h UJ w,fvrYkd w
S ?f
2 yckuLú q&mawmfb&k m;Bu;D \
tJ'v f J ]ig
D rkd [kwb ]igh}h udu
k &hJ UJ w,fqv kd Qif emwmawG cHjyif;wmawG jzpfw,f? ]vl} r&Sad wmh
]ig} vnf; r&Sad wmhbJ pdwq f ;kd p&m taMumif;vnf; r&Sad wmhb;l aemf/
rsupf jd rifwkH ½lyg½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? rsupf u

d jrif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGif w&m;&/
b,fou l jrifwmwk;H - ]rsupf }d u jrifwmaemf? b,forYl supf w d ;kH - ]emrf½yk &f UJ
rsupf }d ? 'Dawmh I See rvky&f bl;? The eye sees vdyYk q J &kd r,f? ]rsupf }d u jrifwm ]½lyg½H}k yJ
(0g) ]tqif;}yJ/
a&S;vlawG ajymcJw h hJ - ol? ig? a,mufsm;? rde;f r? Muuf? iSu?f acG;? aMumifpwJh
yHak wGvYkd rrSwef ?YJ ]rsupf }d ujrifwt hJ cgrSm txufuajymovdk csUJ xGif EdiI ;f ,SOrf jyKbJ 'g
]½lyg½H}k (0g) ]tqif;} yJvYkd trSet f wdik ;f jrifEidk &f if 'gw&m;&wmyJ/
em;uMum;wHk o'´g½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? em;uMum;vQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw

f &m;&/
b,fou l Mum;wmwk;H - ]em;} uMum;wmaemf? b,foeYl m;wk;H - ]emrf½yk &f UJ em;}
em;}aemf?
'gqdk I hear rvky&f bl;? The ear hears vdyYk q J &kd r,f? Mum;wmu ]toH} yJ/
a&S;u vlawG ajymcJw h hJ vlo?H a,mufsm;oH? rde;f roH? Muufo?H iSuo f ?H acG;oH?
aMumifoH pwJh toHawGvYkd rrSwef ?YJ ]em;} uMum;wJt h cgrSmvnf; txufuajymovdk
csUJ xGif EdiI ;f ,SOf rjyKbJ 'g ]toH} yJvYkd trSetf wdik ;f jrifEikd &f if 'gw&m;&wmyJ/
ESmacgif;ueHwkH *E¨m½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? ESmacgif;ueHvQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw f &m;&/
b,fou l eHwmwk;H -]ESmacgif;} ueHwmaemf/ b,foEYl mS acgif;wk;H - ]emrf½yk &f UJ
ESmacgif;}}? 'gqdk I get the smell rvky&f bl;? The nose gets the smell vdyYk J qd&k r,f? eHwmu
teHyY /J
a&S;uvlawGajymcJw h hJ yef;eY?H a&arT;eH?Y ig;n§eD ?YH bmeH?Y nmeHY pwJh teHaY wGvYkd
rrSwef ?YJ eHwt hJ cgrSmvnf; txufuajymovdk csUJ xGiEf iId ;f ,SOrf jyKbJ 'g ]teH}Y yJvYkd
trSet f wdik ;f jrifEikd &f if 'gw&m;&wmyJ/
vQmu pm;wHk &om½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? vQmu pm;vQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw
f &m;&/
b,fou l pm;wmwk;H ? t&omudk ]vQm} uodraI Mumifh ]vQm} u pm;w,fvYkd
qdak emf? b,foYl vQmwk;H - ]emrf½yk &f UJ vQm}}? I taste rvky&f bl;? The tongue tastes vdyYk q J kd
&r,f? ]vQm} u cHpm;wmu ]t&om} yJ/ a&S;uvlawGajymcJw h hJ csKd wm? csOw
f m? pyfwm?
cg;wm? iefwm pwJh t&omawGvYkd rrSwef ?YJ pm;wJt h cgrSmvnf; txufuajymovdk
csUJ xGiEf iId ;f ,SOrf jyKbJ 'g ]&om½H}k yJvYkd trSet
f wdik ;f jrifEikd &f if 'gw&m;&wmyJ/
ud,
k u
f xdwkH azm|AÁm½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? ud,
k u
f xdvQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw
f &m;&/
b,fou l xdwmwkH; ]uk, d }f uxdwmaemf? b,fou Yl , f ;Hk - ]emrf½yk &f UJ ud,
kd w k }f ?
'gqdk I touch rvky&f bl;? The body touches vdyYk q
J &kd r,f/
]xdawGU} wmu ]ud, k }f eJyY q
J akd wmh a&S;uvlawGajymcJw h hJ ]ig} uxdw,f? ]ig} u
udik w
f ,f? ]igh} udx
k w d ,f? ]igh} udk udik w f ,fvYkd rrSwef ?YJ xdawGUwJt h cgrSmvnf; txufu
ajymovdk csUJ xGiEf iId ;f ,SOrf jyKbJ 'g ]azm|AÁm½H}k yJ vdYk trSet f wdik ;f jrifEikd &f if 'gw&m;&wmyJ/
pdwu
f Buw
H kH "r®m½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? pdwu
f Buv
H Qif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGif w&m;&/
b,fou l Buw H mwk;H ]pdw}f uBuw
H maemf? b,foYl pdww f ;Hk - ]emrf½yk &f UJ pdw}f ?
tJ'D ]pdw}f u bmudBk uw H mvJqakd wmh ]"r®m½H}k udyk BJ u&H rSm? 'gaMumifh I think rvky&f bl;?
The mind thinks vdy
Yk J qd&k r,f/
]Buw H m} u ]pdw}f eJyY q
J akd wmh a&S;uvlawG ajymcJw h hJ ]ig} Buw
H ,f? ]ig} awG;w,f
qdNk y;D ud,
k t hf aMumif;? olt Y aMumif;? [dt k aMumif;? 'DtaMumif;? awmifBu?H ajrmufBu?H
[dak wG;? 'DawG; rvkyef ?YJ BupH nfwt hJ cgrSmvnf; txufuajymovdk csUJ xGiEf iId ;f ,SOrf jyKbJ
]"r®m½H}k vdoYk m trSet f wdik ;f jrifatmif MunfEh ikd &f if 'gw&m;&wmyJ/
uJ ----awmfMuOD;pd/Yk
om"k ... om"k ... om"k
¸¸¸¸¸
]] tmo0jywfvQif edAmÁ efjrifw&m;awmf }}

yckuLú q&mawmfb&k m;Bu;D ud,k w
f ikd f (18.2.2006)? paeaeY? &efuek w
f ikd ;f ?
ykZGefawmifNrdKUe,f? usDawmf"r®m½Hkü uvsmPDomoemjyKtoif;BuD;rS usif;yaom
tmp&d,ylaZmfyw JG iG f a[mMum;aomw&m;awmfjzpfonf/
odwmu rZÑrd y#dy'g usw,f

odwmu]emrf}? uJ od od od odeq YJ kd qdak e&w,faemf? odwmxufrydb k ;l qdv
k Ykd
&S&d if tJ'D odwmu ]rZÑrd y#dy'g} usw,f? odwmu [db k uf avmbbufykd oGm;w,f?
a'gobufa&mufomG ;w,fq&kd if odwmu ]rZÑrd y#dy'g} rusb;l ? a[m odwmu
]rZÑrd y#dy'g} usatmif [db k ufvnf;ra&muf 'Dbufvnf;ra&muf tv,facgifow d m
av;wifae&w,f? tv,facgif odwmav;wifae&awmh tJ'g od od od tJvkd
qd&k w,f? tJ'v D o d mudk ]rZÑrd y#dy'g wxm*awe}? tJ'g ]or®m'd|d} eJY odw[
kd w hJ mrsKd ;?
ol[ Y modw[ hJ mu tif; xdik w f mrjzpfcif ]odwm} &Sw d ,f? rsupf ed rYJ jrif? em;eJrY Mum;cif
xdik w hJ mrSm ]emrf½yk }f ? tJ emrfe½YJ yk rf jzpfcif ]odwm} jzpfw,f? tJ'g ]odwm} rjzpfcifu
f [
]rodwm} jzpfw,f? tJ'g ]{nfo h nfemrf}/
tJ ]rodwm} jzpfawmh a[m ]rodwodav;} jzpfwmu [dt k yd rf uf rufovdrk sKd ;
jzpfw,f? tJ ]rodwodav;} v;}? tJ odwt hJ cgusawmhrS tJ'g ]0dygufpw d }f jzpfw,f? tJ'D
]0dygufpw d }f u [dk vkyx
f m;wJh a&av;vdk wnfNird af ewJt h csed rf mS tJ'g ]0dygufpw d }f vdYk
ac:w,f? tJ'D ]0dygufpw d }f Ny;D rS wpfcgwnf; tJ'D ]odwm}m}? tJ'gu xdik w f m ]emrf½yk }f
rjzpfcif tJ'D ]odwm} jzpfw,f? tJvrkd w S f emrf½yk rf jzpfcifow d mu tJ'D ]odwmu emrf}
qdpk rf; (odwmuemrf)? ]rodwmu ½ky}f (rodwmu ½ky)f ? tJ tJvkd xdik w f mBu;D awG
oGm;wmBu;D awG vmwmBu;D awG vufu tJvv kd yI w
f mBu;D awG/
odwmu emrf? xdik w

f mu ½ky?f emrf½yk f
vufu txJvyI w f mawGu rodb;l ? a[m odw[ hJ mawGu &Sw d ,f? tif;
odwmawGu ]emrf} wJ?h tJ'g ]emrf
emrf½yk }f ? ]£ro®-ð þemrf½yk o
f nf}? a[m ]emrf} qd&k ifo\
d ?
od odav; [d[k m 'D[mawG avQmufow d mr[kwb f ;l ? odwmu ]emrf} qd&k if odwmu

]odw,f odw,f}vdYk tJvqkd &kd w,f? 'grSukd owdxm;&w,f? 'grSukd ]oawm0- owd
d nfjzpfíomvQi}f ? owdeYJ od&w,f/
&So
]odwmu emrf? xdik w f mu ½ky?f emrf½yk }f /
£ro®ð - þemrf½yk o f nf? owd - &Scd ahJ omf? £'H - þrsupf ?d em;? vQm? ud, k ?f
pdww f o Ykd nf? a[mwd - jzpf\/
£ro®ð - þemrf½yk o f nf? towd - r&Scd ahJ omf? £'H - þrsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm?
ud, k ?f pdww f o Ykd nf? ea[mwd - rjzpf/
tif; rsupf ad wG em;awGjzpfr?S rsupf ad wG em;awG b,fujzpfw;Hk qdak wmh ]emrf½yk }f
u jzpfvmw,fw?hJ ]emrf&w dS ½hJ yk }f ? ]emrfr&Sw
d ½hJ yk }f tJvckd &JG w,f? qdpk rf; (emrf&w dS ½hJ yk ?f
emrfr&Sw d ½hJ yk )f ? tJ 'Dvu kd v k m;xdik af wG bmawGu ]emrfr&Sw d ½hJ yk }f u rsupf ad wG em;awG
jzpfrvmbl;? ]emrf&w dS ½hJ yk }f u rsupf ad wGbmawG jzpfvmw,fvYkd tJvkd emrfeYJ ½kyu f kd
cG&J w,f? tif; ]£ro®ð - þemrf½yk o f nf? owd-&Scd ahJ omf} tJ tJ'v D kd emrf½yk &f w
dS hJ vlawG
bmawG r[kwb f ;l wJ?h tJ'D ]emrf½yk }f uvnf; bmaMumifjh zpfw;Hk qdak wmh ]ZD0w d ½ky}f
awG&v dS /Ykd
f nf? owd- &Scd ahJ omf? £'H- þrsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm? uk,
]£ro®-ð þemrf½yk o d ?f
pdww Ydk nf? a[mwd- jzpf\}/
f o
tJ rsupf ad wG jrifw,f? em;awG Mum;w,fqw kd mu tJ'D ]emrf½yk af wG} jzpfNy;D rS
rsupf ad wG em;awGjzpfw,fw?hJ tJ Mum;w,fqw kd mNy;D awmhrS tJ'D ]emrf½yk af wG} rjzpfb;l wJ?h
tif; ]emrf½yk af wG} jzpfNy;D rS rsupf jd rifwmom jzpfw,fw?hJ jrifw,fqw dk m Ny;D awmhrS
]emrf½yk }f rjzpfawmhb;l vdYk tJvkd rSw&f w,f? a&SUeJaY emufukd tJvrkd w S x f m;/
]£ro®ð - þemrf½yk o
f nf? towd - r&Scd ahJ omf? £'H- þ rsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm?
uk,
d ?f pdww Ydk nf? ea[mwd- rjzpf} /
f o
tJ a&SUu ]emrf½yk af wG} jzpfv&Ykd &dS if rsupf ad wG em;awG rMum;bl;wJ?h ]emrf½yk }f
rjzpfrS Mum;w,fw?hJ ] teEÅ& ed½'k g¨ } ac:w,f? ]tjcm;rJch sKyu f ek Nf y;D aom}
aom}? a[m csKyu
f ek Nf y;D rS
Mum;wmudk tJ'g ]oEÅw}d ac:w,f? tif; rsupf ad wG em;awG b,frmS jzpfw;Hk (emrf½yk rf mS
jzpfygw,fb&k m;)? ]rsupf }d u wjcm;? ]emrf½yk }f u wjcm;aemf (rSeyf gbk&m;)? odcsiw
f ,f
odcsiwf ,fqNkd y;D rS odwmyJ? [kwu
f v
hJ m; (rSeyf ghb&k m;)/
tJ odcsiw f ,f odcsiw f ,fqw kd mawGu ]emrf} ac:w,f? tJ'gawGvnf; oday;
&w,f? rsupf ad wG em;awG b,frmS jzpfw;Hk (emrf½yk rf mS jzpfygw,fb&k m;)? rsupf ad wG
em;awGjrif&if bmawGvYkd od&rSmwk;H (emrf½yk v Ykd &d ygr,fb&k m;)? ]emrf½yk af wG}qdw
f o k m
vlawGr[kwb f ;l vdq
Yk v
kd w
kd maemf? a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawG r[kwb f ;l ? tJvq kd v
kd w
kd m/
owå0gaysmufrS edAmÁ efa&mufrmS

a,mufsm;awG rdef;rawGr[kwfrS? owå0gr[kwfrS? owå0gaysmufrS edAÁmef
a&mufrmS ? [kwu hJ m;? owå0graysmuf&if owå0gawGcaH e&awmh ]'d|}d qdak wmh ]ig}
f v
jzpfomG ;w,f? vlawG&&dS if ]ig} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]ig} qdw k mu I aygh? ]vlawGu} You aygh?
I, You tJ'[ D mawG aysmufatmifvyk &f w,faemf (rSeyf ghb&k m;)? I, You udk pGe&Yf w,f?
tif; rsupf ad wG em;awG &Sv
d &Ykd &dS if bmawGvo
Ykd &d rwk;H (emrf½yk v
f o
Ykd &d ygr,fb&k m;)? tJ'g
tif; ]opömawm emr½ly}H qdak wmh ]opöm} udk ]emrf½yk }f uomvQif odw,fv/Ykd
]emrf½yk f - emrf½yk }f tJvakd v;qdk qdak e&w,f? 'grS ]vlawG}u aysmuf aysmuf
oGm;w,f? ]vlawG} aysmufomG ;&if tJ'D ]emrf½yk -f emrf½yk }f vdqYk akd e&if; rwfwwf ]vlawG}
udk pdwrf a&mufb;l qd&k if tJ'g ]'d|}d ruyfbaJ ewm? 'gaMumifh ]emrf½yk -f emrf½yk }f vdYk
qdkay;&w,f? NrdKUxJu vlawGrSm rsufpdawG em;awGr&Sdbl;vm; (&Sdygw,fbk&m;)?
olwv Ykd nf; bmawGw;Hk (emrf½yk af wGygbk&m;)? tif; ]emrf½yk }f ? awmxJu usm;awG
qifawGaum (emrf½yk yf gbk&m;)/
emrf½yk v
f nf; tedp?ö 'ku?© tewå yJ
tJ'D ]emrf½yk }f vdo Yk &d wm b,frmS oGm;ta&;Bu;D wk;H qdak wmh usm;udu k w f mwdYk
k cf sKd ;vdYk usKd ;yJeh mwmawGukd ]a0'em}
'l;½du ]a0'em}? ]a0'em} udck mG ívdq Yk akd wmh cGmwJah e&mrSm
]emrf½yk }f a&mufrS a0'emcGmNy;D om;jzpfomG ;w,f? a0'emudk ESv;kH oGi;f awmh ]emrf½yk }f
qdwk mvnf; a[m tedpö 'ku© tewåyv J ?Ykd ]emrf½yk }f a&mufrS 0dyóemvdq Yk okd vdyk ?J
tJ'aD 0'emukad &mufae&if a0'emNy;D awmh ]wPSm} oGm;Ny;D awmh 0ifwwfw,f? tJ'g
]a0'em} uae ]wPSm} oGm;jzpfwwfw,f? ]emrf½yk }f vdq Yk vkd u f &Ykd &dS if tJ'D ]a0'em}
kd v ]a0'em}[m
]wPSm} rjzpfawmhb;l vdYk tJvrkd w
S x
f m;? tJvu
kd ;l &r,f? tJvrkd wS x f m;/
awmxJu acG;awG MuufawGa&m rsupf ad wG em;awGr&Sb d ;l vm;(&Syd gw,fb&k m;)?
olwv Ykd nf; bmawGw;Hk (emrf½yk af wGygbk&m;)? at; ]emrf½yk }f udu k w f ,fq&kd if rembl;?
acG;udu k wf ,fq&kd if emw,f? tJvkd ]ynwf} udk tJvkd azsmuf&r,f? ]emrf½yk -f emrf½yk }f qdk
a[m zsm;&ifvnf; ]emrf½yk }f ? tJ ]emrf½yk }f ? tJvykd q J kd ]a0'em} ra&mufbJ tedpö 'ku©
a&mufomG ;vd&Yk &dS if tJ'D ]a0'em} r&Sad wmh tJ'[ D mwif ]emrf½yk }f u csKyof mG ;w,f? tJvkd
rSwfxm;? ]a0'em} qdkwmu a0'emBuD;emaeawmh wPSmeJY qdkawmh yl;aeawmh
J ,f? ]emrf½yk }f eJq
csKycf w f nf; edAmÁ efa&mufwmyJ? ]wPSm} csKyv
Y akd wmh ]emrf½yk }f ucsKyv f nf;
edAmÁ efa&mufwmyJ? tJ'aD wmh ]emrf½yk }f u csKyv f ,G w
f ,f? a0'emqdak wmh wPSmeJeY ;D vdYk
tJ'gudk *½kpu kd &f w,f/
]vlawG}rSm rsupf ad wG em;awG&o dS vm; (&Syd gw,fb&k m;)? tJ jyefajym ]emrf½yk }f rSm
rsupf ad wG em;awG&w dS ,fq&kd if vla&m rsupf ?d em;&Sw d ,fqakd wmh rsupf ?d em;&Sw d m
ESpcf jk zpfaerSmaygh? wpfcw dS Ykd rjzpfb;l ? ]vlawG}rSm rsupf ad wG em;awG
k nf;&Srd S jzpfrmS ? ESpcf &k v
&So
d vm; (&Syd gw,fb&k m;)? tJ jyefajym (r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)? tJ tJ'gav;yJ ta&;Bu;D wmu
tJ'gav;yJ? vlawG vlawG ajymNy;D Ny/D
awmxJrmS vnf; usm;awG qifawGr&Srd ?S rsupf ad wG em;awG&adS wmh usm;awGu
vnf;&Sw d ,f? usm;udu k w
f ,fq&kd if usm;udu
k w f hJ &[ef;Bu;D u usm;udu k wf ,fvYkd qdv
k ukd f
vd&Yk &dS if ol[m ]wPSm} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]owå0g} jzpfomG ;w,f? usm;udu k w f m r[kwb f ;l ?
usm;r[kwb f ;l ? ]½kyef mrfBu;D }}u udu
k w
f ,fvYkd ajymvd&Yk &dS if olremawmhb;l ? aMumufvnf;
raMumufb;l ? usm;Bu;D vnf; raMumufawmhb;l /
tckawmh usm;udu f ,fq&kd if aMumufw,f? aMumufv&Ykd &dS if ]a'go} jzpfomG ;&if
k w
edAmÁ efra&mufawmhb;l ? awmxJvnf; w&m;vnf; tm;xkw&f ao;w,f? edAmÁ efvnf;
ra&mufb;l qd&k if b,faumif;yghrwH;k ? awmxJrmS rsupf ad wG em;awGr&Sb d ;l vm; (&Syd g
w,fb&k m;)? olwv Ykd nf; bmawGw;kH (emrf½yk af wGygbk&m;)? tJ awmxJrmS awmif ]emrf½yk }f
jzpfaerSawmh 'DNrKd UxJu vlawGrmS a&m rsupf ad wG em;awG&o dS vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? tJ'g
aocsmrSwaf emf? w&m;emw,fqw kd m aocsmrS aocsmw,f? odrYk v Ykd &Ykd &dS if raocsm
ao;bl;? jyefjyef *½kpu kd af emf/
]emrf½yk }f &Sv
d o
Ykd mvQiw f hJ rsupf ?d em;awG&w dS ,fw?hJ ]emrf½yk }f r&Sv d &Ykd &dS ifwhJ rsupf ?d
em;awGr&Sb d ;l wJ?h tJ'g rlwnfxm;wm? [dk y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fxrJ mS vnf; ]emr½lyypö,m
oVm,weH? oVm,weypö,m zaóm? zóypö,m a0'em} vdYk 'Dvykd gw,f? [d[ k m
y|mef;uvnf; ]tm&r®Pypö,m}? ]rsupf jd rifwkH ½lyg½H}k eJY qdw k muvnf; y|mef;uvnf;
vlawGrygbl;? owå0g rygbl;? y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fuvnf; owå0g rygawmh tukev f ;kH ]emrf½yk }f
csn;f yJ jzpfaewmqdak wmh? tukev f ;kH ]emrf½yk }f csn;f yJ jzpf&rSmaygh? ]vl}qdw k m r&Sad wmhb;l ?
acG;qdwk mvnf;r&S?d usm;qdw k mvnf; r&S?d ]owå0gawG} r&Sad wmhb;l /
obm0a&mufrS edAmÁ efa&mufw,f
]obm0} wJ?h ]obm0} omvQif a&mufomG ;w,fw?hJ tJ'D ]vlawG} r&Sad wmh
]obm0} omvQiaf &mufrS edAmÁ efa&mufw,fw?hJ ]obm0} qdw k m t0dZmÆ rzH;k wJ[ h mudk
obm0vdYk ac:w,f? tJ'D ]obm0} a&mufrS 'kuo © pöma&mufw,f? ]'kuo © pöm} a&mufrS
rvdck siw f [hJ m jzpfomG ;w,f? ]vlawG} qdak wmh vdck siw f [ hJ mawG jzpfomG ;w,f? rsupf d
awG&w dS ,fq&kd ifvnf; vdck siw f [hJ mawG jzpfomG ;w,f? ]vlawG}rSm rsupf ad wG em;awG
d vm; (r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)? tJ tJ'gqd&k w,f? tJ'gudk ]y#dpo
&So ö rkygÜ 'f} xJvnf;&Sm? ]y|mef;}
xJvnf;&Sm? b,fxJrSm ]vlawG} &SdwkH;? vlawG&Sd&if ewfawG&Sdw,f? ewfawG&Sd&if
ewfjzpfcsiw f ,f? jA[®m&S&d if jA[®mvnf;jzpfcsiw f ,fqakd wmh vlawGr&Sb d ;l ]emrf½yk f}
yJ&wdS ,f? ]emrf½yk }f usawmh emrf½yk u f rS csKyrf mS ud;k /
]emrf½yk }f uawmifrS ]zó} Ny;D &if a0'em? ]a0'em} Ny;D awmh wPSmeJeY ;D awmh
]emrf½yk }f u csKyv f ,G w f ,f? ]a0'em} u emaewmeJY atmfaewmeJY olrcsKyEf ikd b f ;l ? tJ'aD wmh
a0'emudk *½krpdu k &f bl;? a0'emudk ausmv f eG &f w,fqw kd m ]emrf½yk }f udak &mufaerS/
vlawGrmS rsupf ad wG em; em;awaw
awG&G o
dS vm; (r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)/
vlawGaum&So d vm; (r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)/
]vlawG}uudk apwoduÓ f PfxrJ mS r&S&d awmhb;l wJ?h tJvkd rSwx f m;aemf? ]vlawG}
r&Sb
d ;l wJ?h a[m tm½Hjk yKMunfv kd ?f ]vlawG
h u awG}r&Sb
d ;l /
vlawGr&Sw
d hJ t,lu or®m t,l
]vlawG}r&Sb d ;l vd?Yk tJvkd tm½Hjk yKMunfv kd ?f ]vlawG} &Sw
h u d t hJ cgusawmh ]avmb
'd|d arm[} qdw k m&Sw d ,f? vlawG&&dS if avmb&,f 'd|&d ,f arm[ &,f&w dS ,f? tJ'D
avmb 'd|d arm[u ]tmoa0gw&m;} ac:w,f? tJ'D ]tmoa0g w&m;} &Sv d &Ykd &dS if
vlawG&w dS ,f? vlawG&&dS if ukvm;awG&w dS ,f? w½kwaf wGvnf;&Sw d ,f? trsKd ;rsKd ;&Sad wmh
vlawGtcsi;f csi;f u vlawGqakd wmh rwnfMh ubl;? tJ'rD wnfb h J a'goawG jzpfwwfw,f/
tJ ]vlawG}r&Sb d ;l qdw k hJ jrwfpmG bk&m;&JUt,lu tmoa0gw&m;r&Sw d hJ t,l
vdrYk w
S x f m;? ]vlawG&w dS thJ ,l}u tif; ]'d|t d ,l}? vlawG&w dS hJ t,lu bmt,lw;Hk ('d|d
t,lygbk&m;)? tif; tJ'grSwx f m;? rdpmä 'd|?d ouúm,'d|d ]'d|t d ,l}vdYk ac:w,f? ]vlawG
r&Sw d thJ ,l}u bmt,lw;Hk (or®m'd|t d ,lygbk&m;)? tif; ]or®mt,l}vdYk ac:w,f?
]vlawG} r&Srd S edAmÁ efa&mufrmS aygh/
]vlawG} &Sad evd&Yk &dS if atmufarhrw d meJY wpfcgwnf; v,fwq D &mawmf [dk
c&rf;vm;? oH;k cGvm; tJ'rD mS w&m;a[mawmh olvrf;avQmufawmh [dk bke;f Bu;D Bu;D u
wpfcgwnf; acgif;xrf;vmw,f? [m bmjyKvYkd b,fow l ;Hk [m wynfah wmf 'Dausmif;u
[dak v;vwke;f u ysv H eG af wmfrw l hJ bke;f Bu;D ygbk&m;wJ?h ausmif;xdik b f ek ;f Bu;D ygbk&m;?
bmjyKvYkd vlwumudak wmh [d[ k mjzpfatmif a[mwwfNy;D awmh ud, k [
hf mud, k f usawmh
atmufuvGwaf tmif rvkyEf ikd b f ;l vdq
Yk akd wmh wynfah wmfuvGwaf tmif vkyw f mygyJ?
tedpö 'ku/©
'gayr,fh 'umrBu;D wpfa,muf wpfcgwnf; t&Sib f &k m; 'Dausmif;Bu;D udak &m
b,fvv kd yk rf mS vJb&k m;? ausmif;vnf;rtyf&ao;bl;eJY tJ'D ausmif;Bu;D oGm; trSw&f
vduk w f meJY tJ'v D okd mG ;jzpfw,f? tJvakd usmif;awG tdraf wG ydu k q f aH wG oGm;oGm; trSwrf &
&bl;? ]emrf½yk }f vdyYk J trSw&f &w,f? tJ'v D kd ]vlawG}rygbl;qdw k hJ t,lukd ,lxm;&w,f/
vlawG&&dS if t0dZmÆ o0
]vlawG}rSm rsupf &d odS vm; (r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)? tJ tJvkd olwumh oGm;ar;vdYk
&S&d if tJ'gr,Hb
k ;l ? r,H&k ifvnf; r[efao;bl;? vlr&Sb d ;l ? tJvkd jrifr?S ]vlawG}vdaYk um
&So
d vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? tJ'vD u
kd akd jymrS y#dpo
ö rkygÜ 'f tajym? y|mef;ajym tajymrsKd ;eJY
tJvakd jymrS ]vl} r&S&d ma&mufrS ]tmoa0gw&m;} ukeo f mG ;rSm? ]avmb 'd|d arm[}
arm[}?
]arm[} u t0dZmÆ ac:w,f? tJ'D ]t0dZmÆ u rodtyfaom a,mufsm; rde;f rtp&So d nfukd
odwwf\ } wJ/h
rde;f rvnf; r&S&d bl;? a,mufsm;vnf; r&S&d bl;? w&m;emNy;D &if pdwx f rJ mS rde;f r
a,musmf ;awG&rdS ae&bl;wJ?h tJ pdwx f rJ mS a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawG&o
dS vm; (r&Syd g
bk&m;)? tJ tJ'v D kd pdwxf rJ mS r&Sv
d &Ykd &dS if tmoa0gw&m;u rde;f rawG a,musmf ;awG
vlqwkd m t0dZmÆ odawmh ]t0dZmÆ o0} ac:w,f? ]t0dZmÆ o0}rS t&ifrjzKwv f Ykd &S&d ifawmh
vlawGa&m wd&pämefawGa&m umrmo0awGa&m? tJ'gt&ifqHk; ]t0dZÆmo0} o0}udk
t&ifjzKwxf m;&w,f? ]t0dZmÆ o0} o0}ubmwk;H qdak wmhrS vlawG? ]t0dZmÆ o0} o0}qdw k m bmwk;H
(vlawGygbk&m;)/
rde;f rawG a,mufsm;awG&v dS &Ykd &dS if ]umrmo0}
]umrmo0}ac:w,f? a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawG
ubmwk;H (umrmo0ygbk&m;)? vlawGu bmawGw;Hk (t0dZmÆ o0ygbk&m;)? tJvkd
jzpfw,faemf? tJ'gud&k mS w,f? 'gaMumifh ]vlawG}rSm rsupf &d o dS vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? tJ'g
cP cP ud, k u
hf ,
kd u
f kd jyefar;&w,f? y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'frmS vnf;&Sw
d ,f/
]emr½lyypö,m oVm,weH? oVm,weypö,m zaóm}zaóm}? zóu a0'em
ra&mufcifuwnf;u? ]a0'em} a&mufv&Ykd &dS if wPSmem;ul;wwfw,f? 'gaMumifh
]emrf½yk }f uav;eJY tomav; eJY ae&w,faemf/
]vlawG}vdaYk um&So
d vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? ]vlawG}vd&Yk &dS if b,fvtkd jypfa&mufowk;H
Yk akd wmh ]t0dZmÆ o0}
vdq o0}awG? vlawG&&dS if b,fvt kd jypfa&mufowk;H (t0dZmÆ o0awGyg
bk&m;)? tJ ]t0dZmÆ o0} jzpfwwfw,f? ]t0dZmÆ o0} jzpfawmh vdck siw f wfw,f? awmifwh
wwfw,f? rawmifw h bl;vm; (awmifw h ygw,fb&k m;)/
uJ ]vlawG}r&Sad wmh awmifw h ao;vm; (rawmifw h ygbk&m;)? tJ ]t0dZmÆ o0}
vnf; rjzpfawmhb;l ? tJvrkd w f m;? tJ'g ]&if&h ifu
S x h suu
f suf &J&w
J if;wif;udk tJ'v D kd
vky&f r,f? aysmah ysmah v;eJrY &bl;} ([kwyf gw,fb&k m;)? tJ aysmah ysmah v;eJY r&bl;/
vlr&Sad ompdwo
f nf 0dZmÆ ÓPf
bmjyKvw Ykd ;Hk qdak wmh ]vlawG}rSm rsupf ad wG&o dS vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? tJ'D tar;u
y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'frmS vnf; ]vl}r&Sb d ;l ? y|mef;xJrmS vnf; ]vlawG} r&Sb d ;l ? tJ'D ]tm½k}H aMumifh
jzpfawmh avmbawG a'goawGjzpfw,f? ]a[wkypön;f }}awGjzpfvmw,f? tJ'g ]a[wk
ypön;f }}qdak wmh y|mef;eJu Y quf qufaew,f? tJ'yD |mef;eJu Y tqufjzwfay;&w,f?
'grS jywfomG ;rSm odrYk v Ydk &Ykd &dS if rjywfb;l ? ]vlawG} vdaYk um &So d vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? tif;
]vl}r&Sb d ;l qdak wmh ]vlr&Sad om pdw}f qdpk rf; (vlr&Sad ompdw)f /
pdwef v YJ rl &Sw d meJY rwlb;l ? ]vlr&Sad om} qdw k mu r&Sw d ÓhJ Pf ]ÓPorÜ,w k }f
ayghav? ÓPf ÓPf ÓPf [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf ghb&k m;)? ]tarm[}? ]tarm[} ]tarm[}? t0dZmÆ
r[kwb f ;l 0dZmÆ ? ]0dZmÆ O'yg'd} qdw k hJ 0dZmÆ ? ]vlr&Sad om} qdpk rf; (vlr&Sad om)? tJ tJ'g
]'d|rd &Sad om} qdw k meJY twlwyl ?J ]0dZmÆ ÓPf&adS om} tJv[ kd mrsKd ;aemf? ]vlr&Sad ompdw}f
a[m tJ'v D kd pdwq f w kd m tm½Hjk yKMunfv h u kd pf rf;? ]vlr&Sad ompdw}f b,fEh , S af ewk;H ? ÓPf
jzpfaew,f? ]0dZmÆ O'yg'd} jzpfaew,f/
tJ'yD mG ;onf&adS omf ]arm[} ]arm[}udk y,fw,fqw kd m tJ'g ]arm[r&Sw d phJ wd f} jzpfae
w,f? ]arm[}
]arm[}r&Sv d &Ykd &dS if t0dZmÆ r&Sb d ;l ? ]t0dZmÆ }}r&Sv d &Ykd &dS if ]t0dZmÆ o0} vnf;r&Sb d ;l ?
tJ'gaMumifh tJ'[ D mawGukd jznf;jznf;av;qd&k w,f? ]vlr&Sad ompdw}f qdpk rf; (vlr&Sad om
pdw)f ? tif; vlr&Sad omqdw k mu ]0dZmÆ }}? ]igh} pdwx f rJ mS ]vl} &Sad eovm;vdYk ud, k uhf , kd u f kd
pOf;pm;? vlBu;D awGvnf; pOf;pm;? ]igh} pdwx f rJ mS ]vlawG} &So d vm;? acG;awG &So d vm;?
]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f} udv k nf; vSr;f vSr;f Munf&h ao;w,f? tJ ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fÓPf}? jrwfpmG bk&m;u
olb&k m;jzpfcgeD;&if ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f} udv k nf; qifjcifw,f? ]y|mef;} udv k nf; qifjcifw,f?
vlr&Sad om pdw?f pdwrf &Sad om vl
tJ'v D [
kd mav;udk qifjcif qifjcifNy;D awmh aMomf olb&k m;jzpfwek ;f u b,fvkd
bk&m;jzpfygvdr?hf ]vlr&Sad ompdw}f ? Ny;D awmhrS ]p]pw
d rf &Sad omvl}? tif; pdwrf &Sad om qdw
]pd k mu
avmbawG a'goawGukd pdwv f aYkd c:w,f? t0dZmÆ awG avmbawG a'goawGukd pdwf
ac:w,f? ]tbdZÑm}}eJY ]a'greó} r&Sw d phJ w
d uf ]vlr&Sw d phJ w
d }f [kwu hJ m;? ]vl r&Sad om
f v
pdw}f qd&k if avmbawG a'goawG r&Sad wmhb;l /
]vl r&Sad om pdw}f u b,fvakd ewk;H qdak wmh ]eifEh ,S [

f ,f pdwrf &Sw d v
hJ Bl u;D vdyk /J
ajymrem qdrk em qJrem qdrk emeJ}Y wJ?h 'gw&m;a[mvdaYk jymaewm? w&m;u yxrwef;
aumif;aewJw h &m; [kwu f vhJ m;? ]vl r&Sad om pdw}f qdak eaygh? ud,
k t
f yd &f m 0ifwt hJ cg
us&if ]vlr&Sad om}
om}qdak wmh ]½kyef mrf} a&mufaew,f? vlr&S&d if ½kyef mrfa&mufaew,f/
]vlr&Sad ompdw?f pdwrf &Sad omvl}? pdwrf &Sw d mu [dpk wd Bf u;D r&Sad wmh ]avmbeJY
a'go}? ]tbdZÑmeJY Asmyg'}
yg'}? vdck siw f meJY pdwq f ;kd wm pdww
f w
kd m? tJ'pD w d u f kd pdw&f w dS ,fvYkd
ac:w,f? tJ'[ D mr&Sad wmh ]pdwrf &Sad omvl} ac:&w,f (pdwrf &Sad omvl)? ]pdwrf &Sad omvl}
qdw
k mu ]eifEh , S [
f ,f pdwrf &Sw d vhJ v
l ykd J qJrem qdrk emeJ}Y [kwu f vhJ m;? tif; ]vl}
r&Sad wmhb;l aemf? qJ&if b,foYl qJwmwk;H (em;udk qJwmygbk&m;)? ]vl} r&Sb d ;l qdrk S
em;a&mufomG ;wm? odrYk [kw&f if vl&&dS if ]igh} qJw,fqakd wmh ]ig} ]ig}u emwm? a[m
]em;}
]em;}u emwmr[kwfbl;? ]em;} ]em;}u Mum;½HkyJMum;wm [kwfuJhvm;? tJvdk t"dyÜm,f
a&mufatmif w&m;em [kwu f vhJ m;? 'grS yxrwef; [efw,faemf? odrYk v Ydk q
Ykd &kd if Ny;D Ny;D
oGm;a&m rvkyef aYJ emf (rSeyf ghb&k m;)/
ynwfrygaom pdwf
]vlr&Sad ompdw?f pdwrf &Sad omvl}? tJ'g ]y&rw¬opöm}}? ]ynwfrygaompdw}f ?
]ynwf} rygaom qdw k m ]olawmfaumif;w&m;} ynwfrygwm? ]ynwfygaompdw}f ?
]ynwf} ygvd&Yk &dS if t0dZmÆ ygrSmaygh? ]t0dZmÆ } yg&if [dk wPSmawGjzpfwmaygh? qJv&Ykd &dS if
b,foq Yl w J mwk;H (em;udq k w
J mygbk&m;)? tJ uJ&h UJ vd&Yk &dS ifaum b,foYl uJ&h UJ wmwk;H
k &hJ UJ wmygbk&m;)? olt&ifwek ;f uawmh ]ol}Y uJ&h UJ w,f? ]igh} uJ&h UJ w,feYJ qdNk y;D awmh
(em;udu
emwm? tJ'grSukd wpfcgwnf; ]igh} uJ&h UJ w,f qdNk y;D xqJwmyJ? tJ'g r*Fvm r&Sad wmhb;l /
tck ]igh}qJwmr[kwb f ;l ? ]em;} qJwm? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf ghb&k m;)? uJ&h UJ vdYk
&S&d ifvnf; b,fou Yl &hJ UJ wmwk;H (em;udu k &hJ UJ wmygbk&m;)? tJvkd olwt Ykd vSLBu;D u b,fvkd
vSLoGm;wm uJ&h UJ wwfw,f? vSLwJo h ul vnf; tJvu kd &hJ UJ vd&Yk &dS ifvnf; ]igh} uJ&h UJ wm
r[kwb f ;l vdYk qd&k w,f? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf ghb&k m;)? uJ&h UJ vd&Yk &dS ifvnf; b,fou Yl &hJ UJ wmwk;H
(em;udu k &hJ UJ wmygbk&m;)? tJ'D ]em;}]em;}udk uJ&h UJ wmudk ud, k u f cHjyif;w,fqv kd &Ykd &dS if tJ cHjyif;
aew,fq&kd if ]ighukd w&m;a[maew,f} qdpk rf; (ighuw

kd &m;a[maew,f)? uJ&h UJ wJh
olukd tJ'v
D akd jym&w,f/
ighukd w&m;a[maew,f
tJvakd jymawmh b,fvjkd zpfomG ;wk;H qdak wmh ]a,medaom reodum&} jzpfomG ;
w,f? bmjzpfomG ;wk;H (a,medaom reodum& jzpfomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? [du k aoewf
eJY xkaew,f? 'Du umAmxJ0ifxm;vd&Yk &dS if usnq f rH rSeaf wmhb;l ? [kwu f v hJ m;? tJ'v D kd
]a,medaom reodum&} u ]or®mouFy}Ü uae ]or®m'd|}d jzpfomG ;w,f? ]or®m'd|}d
jzpfomG ;awmh tJ'jD rifwmMum;wmawGukd ]opömav;yg;} cHomG ;w,f? tJ'g or®m'd|ed YJ
opömav;yg;cHomG ;w,f? emwJch sed rf mS jzpfawmh olrY mS bmjzpfomG ;wk;H qdak wmh wpfcgwnf;
[dk edAmÁ efjzpfomG ;w,f (eda&m"opöm jzpfomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'g ]ighqw J m r[kwb f ;l
ighukd w&m;a[maew,f}vdYk qJwv hJ al wG uJ&h UJ wJv
h al wGukd &,fawmif&,fcsiw f ,f? tJ'g
jrwfpmG bk&m;u ][Jh ykPmÖ ;wJh rif;[m tdref ;D csi;f awGukd [if;cGuaf y;zl;w,f r[kwv f m;}
wJ?h ]ay;zl;ygw,fb&k m;}wJ?h ]olwu Ykd r,l&if rif;b,fE, S vhf yk w
f ;Hk } qdak wmh ]ud, k [hf mud, k f
jyef,w l mayghb&k m;}wJ?h ]tJ'v D ykd w J hJ ud,
k u
hf kd uJ&h UJ wmudk cHwv hJ u
l rcHjyif;bl;qd&k if
ol[ Y mol jyef,o l mG ;w,f}? [kwu f v hJ m;? tJ'v D kd rSwx f m;aemf/
y#dpo
ö rkygÜ 'f\ rsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm? ud,
k ?f re
]rsupf jd rifwkH ½lyg½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? rsupf u
d jrif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw f &m;&}/
b,fou l jrifwmwH;k (rsupf u d jrifwmygbk&m;)? b,forYl supf w d ;Hk (y#dpo
ö rkygÜ 'f
rsupf yd gbk&m;)? tJovdrk S tjrifreS af wmhw,faemf/
]em;uMum;wHk o'´g½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? em;uMum;vQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw f &m;&}/
b,foeYl m;wk;H (y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fem;ygbk&m;)? b,fou l Mum;wk;H (em;uMum;wmyg
bk&m;)? tJovdu k kd vky&f r,faemf/
]ESmacgif;ueHwkH *E¨m½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? EESmS acgif;ueHvQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGif w&m;&}/
b,fou l eHwmwk;H (ESmacgif;ueHwmygbk&m;)? b,foYl ESmacgif;wk;H (y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f
ESmacgif;ygbk&m;)? tJ y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fEmS acgif;qdak wmh bm&,f nm&,f rvkyaf wmhb;l ?
tif; ]ESmacgif;} ueHwm? ]i

]igg } u eHwmr[kwb f ;l /
]vQmu pm;wHk &om½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? vQmu pm;vQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGif w&m;&}/
b,fou l pm;wmwk;H (vQmupm;wmygbk&m;)? b,foYl vQmwk;H (y#dpo
ö rkygÜ 'f
vQmygbk&m;)/
tif; ]vlawG} r&Sad wmhb;l ? ]vlawG} r&Srd S ]tmo0}
]tmo0}r&Sb Ykd &Ykd &dS if ]igh} qdw
d ;l ? odrYk v k ,f?
]igh} qJw,f? ]ig} vSw,f? ]ig} Ekw,f? ]ig} ubmBu;D nmBu;D eJY tJvkd ud, k u hf ,kd u f kd
xifwwfw,f? tJ ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f} &Sad wmh ud, k u
hf ,
kd uf kd xifao;vm;(rxifawmhygbk&m;)?
tJ ]'d|}d r&Sb
d ;l ? ]avmb} vnf;r&Sb d ;l ? ]arm[} vnf;r&Sb d ;l ? ud, k u
hf , kd u f Bkd u;D rS r&Sb d eJ YJ
uJ r&Sbd ;l qdak wmh b,fvBkd u;D jzpfomG ;wk;H ? av[mjyifBu;D vdk jzpfroGm;bl;vm; (jzpfomG ;
ygw,fb&k m;)? uJ bmpOf;pm;ao;wk;H (bmrSrpOf;pm;awmhygbk&m;)? ESmacgif;rSr&Sb d eJ YJ
ESmacgif;vnf;r&Sad wmh vlvnf;r&Sad wmhb;l ? [kwu f vhJ m;/
]ud,
k u
f xdwkH azm|AÁm½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? ud,
k u
f xdvQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGif w&m;&}
w&m;&}/
b,fou l xdwmwk;H (ud, k u
f xdwmygbk&m;)? b,fou Yl ,kd wf ;Hk (y#dpo
ö rkygÜ 'f
ud, k Bf u;D udk r&Sad wmhb;l ? udik ;f --uJ&adS o;vm;? ]ÓPf} xJrmS uJ
k yf gbk&m;)? tJ'D ud,
]ÓPf} xJrmS &Sad o;vm; (r&Sad wmhygbk&m;)? tif; ud, k Bf u;D udk r&Sad wmhb;l ? tJovdk
pHck sxm;ay;&w,f? ud, k [hf mud, k f qdq k akd y;&w,f/
tJvdkqdk qdkaeMuwmyJ r[kwfvm;? ]y|mef;w&m; w&m;}ac:w,f? bmw&m;wkH;?
(y|mef;w&m;ygbk&m;)? tJ'D ]y|mef;w&m;} urS wpfcgwnf; tvGwu f kd tkycf sKyo
f mG ;
w,fvYkd bk&m;a[mzl;wmu y|mef; [kwu f vhJ m;(rSeyf ghb&k m;)? tJ'v
D rkd w
S x
f m;? tck
]y|mef;w&m;} a[maew,fvYkd rSwx f m;aemf (rSeyf ghb&k m;)/
tif; ]azm|AÁm½H}k qdwk mu yx0D awaZm 0ga,m? acsmwm Murf;wmu
]yx0D}ac:w,f? acsmwm Murf;wmu? tom;u ]yx0D} jzpfwm? tif; tJ'g rSwx f m;?
]tmayg}
]tmayg}u pkzUJG xm;w,f? tif; ]awaZm}
]awaZm}u ylaEG;w,f? ]0ga,m}
]0ga,m}u vIyw f ,f? wGe;f w,f?
wdk;w,f? 'gawGudkyJ rdef;rawG a,mufsm;awGvdkY qdkaewm? [kwfw,fr[kwfvm;?
tJ'aD wmh ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfwmaygh? ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfawmh wPSmjzpfwmaygh? ]wPSm} jzpfawmh
]Oyg'gef} jzpfwmaygh? tck tJ'DoHk;ckr&SdvdkY&Sd&if ]aemufb0eJY Zmwd Z&m r&P}

r&Sad wmhb;l wJ?h tJvkd rSwx
f m;aemf/
]pdwu
f Buw
H kH "r®m½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? pdwu
f Buv
H Qif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw
f &m;&}/
b,fou l Buw H mwk;H (pdwu f Buw H mygbk&m;)? b,fopYl w d w
f ;Hk (y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f
pdwfygbk&m;)? udk,fhudk,fudkawmif pdwfr&Sdawmhbl;? 'gaMumifh ]vlr&Sdaompdwf
pdwrf &Sad omvl}? tJ'gudk jyefjyefNy;D r0drv tJ'v D [kd m atmfatmfNy;D jyefa&;prf;? at;
tJ'v D v kd yk ?f tJ'w D &m; tJ'rD mS a[mwJw h &m; jzpfygonfvaYkd emf (rSeyf ghb&k m;)? tJ'g
pdwaf wmifrS ud, k phf w
d f r[kwb f eJ aYJ emf? ]pdwuf BuwH kH "r®m½H}k ? ]pdw}f ubmBuw H ;Hk qdak wmh
]"r®m½H}k udk Buw H ,f? ]"r®m½H}k u ]vlawG} jzpfaew,f? tJ'v D kd ]vl} qdwk m ]ynwf}
ac:w,f? ]ynwf "r®m½H}k ? tJ'D ]ynwf} r&S&d if edAmÁ ef&w dS ,f/
vlr&Sb
d eJ YJ ynwfukd cGmvdu
k v
f &Ykd &dS if edAmÁ ef jzpfomG ;w,f
]ynwf edAmÁ ef xdEk pS w
f ef rSw&f ef "r®m½H}k ? ]vl} r&Sb d eJ YJ ]ynwf} udk cGmvdu k vf &Ykd &dS if
]edAmÁ ef} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]vlawG} zH;k aevd?Yk ]vl} zH;k w,fqw kd m ]t0dZmÆ } zH;k aevd?Yk ]edAmÁ ef}udk
rjrifwm? ]vl} r&S&d if edAmÁ efBu;D u e*dk uwnf;u ol[ Y mol &Sad ew,f? tJ'grSwx f m;/
ynwf edAmÁ ef xdEk pS w f ef rSw&f ef "r®m½H/k
pdwf apwoduf aumif;qd;k pdwf rSwyf rd hf "r®m½H/k
ckewke;f u pdwyf ?J ]vlr&Sw d phJ w d }f u tJ'pD w
d uf ]ynwfawG? vlawG}udk tm½Hk
jyKvu kd af wmh tJ'D ]vlawG}u raumif;bl;? aumif;w,feYJ ]ynwf} ujzpfawmh ud, k phf w d f
uvnf; raumif;bl;? aumif;w,feYJ pdwrf aumif; pdwq f ;kd w,fjzpfomG ;w,f? tJ'g
]vlawG}aMumifv h Ykd rSwxf m;? [kwu f v hJ m;? ]vlawG}qdw k m ]ynwf} r[kwv f m;? tJ'g
]ynwf} aMumifh [du k olawmfaumif;w&m;u ]ynwfrygwJw h &m;u olawmfaumif;
w&m;ac:w,f} vdrYk w S xf m;? tJvrkd S [efrmS vdaYk emf/
uJ---awmfMuOD;pd/Yk
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]] avmuBuD;onf rNrb
J ;l w&m;awmf }}
1.12.2006
oóawm avmaumqd&k if t,lrmS ;w,f
rsufpdrSdwfxm;&if bmawG&dSvJ jrif&wJh[mawGr&dSbl;? rsufpdrSdwfxm;&if
jrif&wJ[ h mawG r&db S ;l ? uJ vlawGa&m r&db S ;l vd, Yk rl ?S rsupf zd iG x hf m;wke;f &dw S ,f? tJ
tJvo kd rd ?S odrYk &Ykd if rzGihf zGizhf iG hf &daS ew,fvq Ykd vkd &Ykd &Sd if Nro J mG ;w,f? ]oóawmavmaum}
qdw k m jzpfomG ;w,f? ]avmaum - avmuBu;D onf? oóawm - Nr\ J } wJ/h
rsupf zd iG w hf ek ;f vlawG &dw S ,f? rsupf rd zGi&hf if vlawGr&db S ;l ? rsupf zd iG zhf iG hf rzGizhf iG hf
vlawG &dw S ,f vdq Yk &kd ifvnf; toufu&Sw d ,f? trd0rf;xJ 0ifuwnf;u aoonfh
wdik af tmif&w dS ,f? aemufvnf; &dw S ,f? Nrw J ,fvYkd jzpfomG ;a&m? ]oóawm avmaum}?
]avmaum-avmuBu;D onf? oóawm-Nrw J ,f} vdYk 'Dvjkd zpfomG ;a&m? rsupf d zGiw hf ek ;f
&dwS ,f? a[m rzGi&hf if r&daS wmhb;l ? rSw d xf m;&if vlawGr&db S ;l ? ud, k phf wd xf rJ mS ? ]pdwef YJ
rsupf }d ? ]pdwef rYJ supf }d u vlawG jzpfaew,f? 0rf;xJupdwu f rsupf zd iG w hf ek ;f vlawG
&dw
S ,f? rsupf rd w dS v f u kd w
f thJ cgusawmh vlawGr&Sb d ;l ? rsupf u d vnf; wpfcgwnf; cP
cPrSw d ?f vlawGuvnf; cPcP r&d/S
tJ ]rsupf }d u ]tqif;} jrifwmud;k ? tqif;qdw k mvnf; tqif;wdYk toHwYkd
tarSmifoaH vwd?Yk ]t&dyt f a&mif tarSmifoaH v} qdw k m ½kyyf ?J ]toH} uvnf; ½kyyf ?J
toH&w dS ek ;f em;&Sw d ,f? em;&Sw d ek ;f toH&w dS ,f? toH&w dS ek ;f em;&Sw d ek ;f ]aomwavmu}
]aomwavmu}?
em;&S&d if toH&w dS ,f? em;r&S&d if toHr&Sb d ;l ? tJv, kd rl S rNrb J ;l ? ]avmuBu;D [m rNrb J ;l }}?
AujA[®mBu;D u Nrw J ,f? olNraJ ewm Mum MumvSaygh? urÇmcsND y;D NraJ ew,f? AujA[®mBu;D
u ]r[mjA[®meH {aumuayÜg } wJ?h tm,kuyf wpfuyfv;kH wnfw,f? touf&n S w
f ,f?
q,fEpS w f ef;uae toacsw F ef;xdatmif tJ'g tm,kuyfac:w,f? tJ'aD vmufukd
touf&n S wf ,f? Nrw J ,f? 'gudo k u l edAmÁ efyv J ?Ykd ]oów} udk edAmÁ efxifwwfw,f/
'Gg& ajcmufyg;? tm½Hk ajcmufyg;rSm avmujzpfw,f

tckvnf; rsufpdzGifhwkef; owå0gawG&Sdw,f? rsufpdrSdwfxm;wJhtcgusawmh
opfyifawGa&m awmawmifawGa&m r&Sad wmhb;l ? zGiwhf ek ;f &Sw
d ,f? rsupf ed q
YJ ikd w
f [
hJ m
qdak wmh opfyifawG awmawmifawGuvnf; ]tqif;} awG? 'Dv,

kd rl S ]tm½Hak jcmufyg;}
cG&J w,f? tJvkd ]tedp}ö qdw
k m? ]'d|} jrifrmS aygh/
]tedpv ö u©aP 'da| - tedpv ö u©Pmudk jrifonf&adS omf? £w&'G,H - þrS
wpfyg;aom 'ku?© tewåvu©Pmudv f ,f}? tJ'v
k nf; jrifEikd w D kd ]ÓPf} uav;eJ?Y
rsupf zd iG w
hf ek ;f udk um;awGa&m bmawGa&m opfyifawG a&m&Sw d ,f? rSw
d vf u kd af wmh
r&Sad wmhb;l ? rsupf ed q f hJ avmuBu;D ? 'gaMumifh olu ]tqif;avmu}
YJ ikd w avmu}? 'Gg&ajcmufyg;?
tm½Hak jcmufyg;? AujA[®mBu;D u wpfcgwnf; olvnf; owå0gyJ olNryJ ?kH ighaemufrS
vlawGu jzpfjzpfvmw,f? igut&if jzpfw,f? tJ'D ukvm;awG [dEL´ awGusawmh
r[mjA[®mac:w,f? bk&m; ]ydwmr[} ac:w,f? olu zcifBu;D ? olaY emufrS vlawGjzpfjzpf
vmw,f? oluawmh Nrw J ,f? Ny;D awmh oltY &ifvnf; tJ'jD A[®mawGu uG,u f ,G f
oGm;w,f/
tJ't D cgusawmh ]{upöoów} qdw k m jzpfomG ;w,f? oluawmh oów -
tJ vlawGvnf; oufwrf;u toufwpf&mqdak wmh wpfcgwnf; aow,f? 'Dv, kd &l if
vnf; tJ'g ]oów} jzpfomG ;w,f? 'gaMumifh 'd|jd zpfwmawGu? Nrw J ,f qdw
k [hJ mawGu
owå0g,l&if 'd|u d ]yk*v ¾ 'd|}d vnf; jzpfw,f? ]oów'd|}d vnf; jzpfw,f? ]{upö
oów'd|}d vnf;jzpfw,f/
]rsupf &d w
dS ek ;f vlawG&w
dS ,f? rsupf rd &S&d if vlawGr&Sb
d ;l }/
]rsupf }d qdw k mu tqif;? ]tqif;}}qdw k mu ½ky?f a[m ]½ky}f qdw k mu tvif;?
]tvif;}}qdw k m ½ky?f ]t&dyt f a&mif tarSmif oH av} (t&dyt f a&mif tarSmif oH av)?
tarSmifqw kd m tvif;vnf;ygwmaygh? tvif;uvnf; ]½ky}f ? tarSmifuvnf; ]½ky}f ?
rsupf zd iG w hf ek ;f vlawG&w dS ,f? uJ tdyaf ewke;f rsupf rd zGi&hf if vlawGr&Sb
d ;l ? em;Mum;aewke;f
vlawG&w dS ,f? rMum;&if vlawGr&Sb d ;l ? ESmacgif;eHwek ;f vlawG&w dS ,f? reH&if vlawG
r&Sb
d ;l ? 'Dv, kd rl /S
½kyBf u;D u ysuaf ew,f
rsupf u d ,f? ]pu©Kavmau} qdv
d tqif;&Sw k u
dk pf rf; (pu©Kavmau)? tJvkd ygVd
uvnf;&SmwwfrS r&SmwwfvdkY&Sd&if w&m;qDra&mufbl;? ]pu©Kavmau} (pu©K
avmau)? ]½lyavmau} (½lyavmau)? ]tqif;}}uvnf; avmuBu;D wpfc?k ]rsupf }d

tMunfuvnf; avmuBuD;wpfck? tJ'DxifvmwJh[mawGudk owå0gvdkYxifawmh
]owåavmuBu;D } jzpfomG ;wmaygh? AujA[®mBu;D u ig Nrw
J ,f? jrwfpmG bk&m;u 'DjA[®mBu;D
t,lrmS ;aew,fwhJ ? uJ jrwfpmG bk&m;t,leYJ AujA[®mBu;D t,lcMJG u? rcGv J &Ykd &dS if tJ'g
AujA[®mBu;D vdk igwdNYk rw
J ,f ]oóawm avmaum}? ]avmaum - avmuBu;D onf?
oóawm - Nr\ J }? tJ'D ]oóawm} qdw k m ]cE¨mig;yg;wnf;[laom avmu}
avmu}ac:w,f/
]tqif;} uvnf; ½ky?f ]rsupf }d uvnf; ½ky?f 'gaMumifh ]pu©K½yl H ½lyu©aE¨m}}?
qdvk u kd pf rf; (pu©K½yl H ½lyu©aE¨m)? tJ pu©KeYJ a[m'Dtqif;eJu Y ]½lyu©Em¨ } wJ?h 'Dvokd rd ?S
tJ'g ]pu©K} uvnf; avmuwpfc?k ]tqif;} uvnf; avmuwpfc?k tJ'g ]½ky}f yJu;kd /
]½ky}f qdak wmh rsupf w d pfrw dS rf mS uka#ig;axmifqakd wmh tJ'D ]½kyBf u;D }}u tckysuaf ewm
tJ't D &dyaf wGvakd ygh? t&dyt f a&mif tarSmif oH av (t&dyt f a&mif tarSmif oH av)?
tJ tJ'gtqif;yJ? ½kyyf /J ]ta&mif}uvnf; ywåjrm;wdYk aewdt Yk a&mif&w dS ,f r[kwv f m;?
ae&JUta&mif? tck vif;aewm [dk [dk rD;&JUta&mif? tJ tJ tJ't D a&mif? rsupf ed YJ
jrif&wJ[ h m tJ'g ]½kyt f &dy}f ? ck acsmif;qd;k w,f? ]av&JUt&dy}f ? acsw,f b,fo&Yl UJ t&dyw f ;Hk
(av&JUt&dyyf gbk&m;)? avr&Sb d eJ YJ acsrvm; (racsygbl;bk&m;)? tJ'v D kd ÓPfuav;eJY
&SmrSaygh/
ÓPf&&dS if arm[udk y,fw,f

a&S;wke;f u q&mawmfawGu ]tedpu wum;}? ckawmh 'Dvkd r[kwf
ö kd 'd|jrif\wum;}
awmhb;l ? [dk ]&m*awG}csn;f yJ jzpfjzpfaew,f? ]xderd'}¨ uvnf; &m*yJ wPSmyJ?
]O'¨pu
ö u
k Kú p}ö uvnf; wPSmyJ? tJ ]owå0g} &Sv d Ykd ]wPSm} &Sw
d m/
ÓPf&&dS if ]yndNE, d´ H bm0aEÅm}? ]yndNE, d´ H - yndaÈu ´ ?kd bm0aEÅm - yGm;rsm;aom
olonf? arm[H - arm[ud?k y[memwd - y,f\}? ]yZmemwd} u od\? ]y[memwd} u
y,f\? tJ'v D ckd v
JG u f &Ykd &dS if arm[Bu;D r&Sad wmhb;l wJ?h odrYk Ukd &if ]arm[&S&d if t0dZmÆ &Sw
kd v d ,f?
t0dZmÆ &S&d if ocFg&&Sw d ,f} qdk 'Dvkd jyefvmw,f? tedpaö umif 'kua© umif xifatmif
ESv;kH oGi;f /
rsupf Ed pS v
f ;kH rSm vlawG&w dS ,f? tzGm;wd&Yk w
dS ,f? tarawG&w dS ,f? ta':&Sw d ,f?
rsupf rd w dS xf m;ygvm;? &Sad o;vm;? tzGm;qdw k mvnf; ]tqif;avmuBu;D }}u jrifwm?
]rsupf ad vmuBu;D }}u jrifw,f? tzGm;wdYk tarwdYk [kw&f UJ vm; ]ocFg&avmu} ac:wm?
tJ'g ]ÓPf? ÓPf}? 0dyóemqdw k m ]ÓPf} xkw&f wm? ]ÓPf} u b,fxrJ mS &Sw d ;Hk
qdak wmh ud, k 0hf rf;xJrmS &Sw d m? ]owå0gawGr&Srd S ÓPf&w dS ,f}? owå0gawG&&dS if ÓPfr&Sd
jyefb;l ? ]owå0gawG} &Sad wmh &m*awGjzpfomG ;? avmbawGjzpfomG ;? ]owå0gawG} r&Srd S
ÓPf&w dS m? ]owå0g} &Sad wmh arm[awG t0dZmÆ awG&adS &m? ]t0dZmÆ } &Sad wmh wPSmawG
a&m&Sw d maygh/
tJ'g ]owå0gawG} &Sv d ?Ykd tck ]vlawG} qd&k if rsupf u d jrifw,f? ]rsupf u d jrif
tqif;jrif}? ]tqif;} qdw k muvnf; ½ky?f ]t&dyt f a&mif tarSmif oH av} av}? rD;ta&mifvykd ?J
rD;ta&mifuvnf; [dk 'dik ef rdu k vnfaew,f? 'dik ef rdu k vnfawmh wpfcgwnf; [dk
aMu;acsmif;csif;uvnf; wpfcgwnf; qufNyD; vnfaew,f? uGdKifawGuvnf;
vnfaew,f? tJ'gvnfaeawmh tvif;Bu;D vdyk J rsupf zd iG x hf m;&if jrifae&ovdyk ?J
ckvnf;vnfwkef; vif;aewmyJ/ rvnfbl;qdk&if &yfoGm;a&m? tJ'gutvif;/
]t&dyt f a&mif tarSmifoaH v} v}? tJ'gav;qdq k akd e --- ]tedpö vu©Pm} yg xifomG ;w,f/
tedpv
ö u©Pmudk jrif&r,f
]tedpv ö u©aP 'da|} |}? tJ ygVdu ae&mwdik ;f &&w,f? ae&mwdik ;f r&awmh
[dvk akd wG; 'Dvakd wG;? ]0dpu d pd mä awG}u jzpfuek af &m? a,mufsm;awG &Sad vovm; r&Sad v
ovm;? tJ rde;f rawGvnf; &Sad vovm; r&Sad vovm;? tJvakd wG ]0dpu d pd mä awG} jzpfuek f
a&m? [,f &Sdygw,f[,fqdkawmh ]wPSmawG} jzpfua&m? a,mufsm;awG r&Sdbl;?
owå0grSr&Sb d ?J ]t&dyt f a&mif tarSmifoaH v} v}vdYk xm;vduk af wmh b,fowå0g&Sad wmhrvJ?
tJ ]tedp}ö udk jrifcsivf Ykd &S&d if t&dyt f a&mif tarSmifoaH v (t&dyt f a&mif tarSmifoaH v)?
tJ tJ tJ'g ]tedp}ö yJ/ ]tqif;} uvnf; ]t&dy}f yJ? ck acsmif;qd;k w,fqw kd m ]av&JUt&dy?f }
tJ av&JU t&dyx f u
G wf maygh? ESmap;w,fqw kd m aqmif; aqmif; at;vdaYk ygh? tJ at;wm
½kyyf J at;vdEYk mS ap;wm? tJvkd ]at;wm} u½kyaf ygh? ]ESmap;wm} u t&dyaf ygh? tJ tJvkd
]ÓPf} av;vnf;xkwfrS? ]ÓPf}rxkwf&ifawmh ]vl} yJjzpfw,f? ]vl} yJjzpfawmh
&m*yJjzpfw,f? aemufusawmh uav;awGjzpf? aemufwpfcg owå0gawGquf? tJ tJv/kd

]t&dytf a&mif tarSmifoaH v}
v}/
Nr&J if edAmÁ efvYkd xifomG ;w,f

]tedp}ö taMumif; ajymcsi&f if tJovdak jym? tJvkd ]owå0g} awG &Sad e&if; rwfwwf
tedpaö jym&if? AujA[®mBu;D u r,Hb k ;l ? ]tm; t&Sib f &k m; <u <u t&Sib f &k m; <uwm
aumif;w,f? t&Sib f &k m; wynfah wmfvu kd sib
hf &k m;} wJ?h tJ atmifr,fou l ]wynfh
awmfu Nrw J m MumvSaygh} wJ?h ]wynfah wmfu edAmÁ efa&mufaeNy}D ? tJ Nr&J if ]edAmÁ ef} vdYk
xifomG ;w,f? Nr&J if bmvdx Yk ifomG ;wk;H (edAmÁ efvx Ykd ifomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? bmudx k ifw;Hk
qdak wmh ]oów'd|}d udk ]edAmÁ ef}vdYk xifomG ;w,f? ]oów} olNrw J mBu;D udk ]edAmÁ ef}
vdYk xifomG ;w,f/
tJ'g ]oóawm avmaum}
avmaum}? vlawGusar;wmu tJ'u D p ar;wm? avmuBu;D
u Nro J vm;bk&m;? Nr&J if edAmÁ efa&mufaeayghyJ bmvkypf &mvdak o;ovJ bmrSrvdak wmh
bl;? tJ'v D kd a[m avmuBu;D qdw k m rsupf zd iG w d ,f? ]rsupf ad vmu}
hf ek ;f &Sw vmu}? tJ rsupf d
zGiw d ,f? a[m toHu ]em;avmu} ? tJ't
hf ek ;f &Sw D oHu toH&w dS ek ;f em;&Sw
d ,f? tJovdk
'Dvkd xdik w f mBu;D bmBu;D vkyrf aeeJY ]azm|AÁ&w dS ek ;f ud, k &f w
dS ,f}/
tJ ]azm|AÁ} qdw k m yx0D awaZm 0ga,mudak c:wm? tJ'gu aoG;wd;k aewm?
wpfcgwnf; jzwfcsvdkufwm wpfcgwnf;aoa&m? a&csdK;rSm;oGm;wm? wpfcgwnf;
acgif;u rvIyaf wmhb;l ? wpfcgwnf; wpfu, kd v
f ;kH aooGm;w,f? acgif;avQmwf mawG
bmawG *½kpu kd ?f [dk 'umrBu;D acgif;rSm tzkBu;D jzpfaeawmh cGv
J u
kd w
f m wpfcgwnf;?
vufwpfbuf ajcaxmufwpfbuf rvIyEf ikd af wmhb;l ? a&TUay;rS vIyEf idk af wmhw,f? tJvkd
tJv?kd ysi;f ysi;f acGacGBu;D raeeJY wpfcgwnf; tJv/kd
udk,fh[mudk,fvnf; &Sdw,frxifeJY? &Sdw,fxif&if ]ig} ]ig}vdkY jzpfoGm;jyefa&m?
ud,
k [
hf mud, dS ,f xifMuw,f? rsupf &d &dS ifvnf; ]ighrsupf }d vdYk jzpfomG ;jyefa&m? tJovdk
k &f w
]vuf} qdw
k mubmwk;H ('d|yd gbk&m;)? ]ighvuf} qdw k mu bmwk;H (wPSmygbk&m;)? tJ
tJ tJovdk tJovdk tJv[ kd mrsKd ;awG av½SLw,fqakd wmh xGuaf vudk ]ighav} vdYk qdv k Ykd
&vm; (r&ygbk&m;)? csucf si;f ysuof mG ;w,f? tJvkd ]tedp}ö odatmif vkyyf gw,fvYkd qdk
xGuaf v 0ifavod&ifvnf; edrw d &f atmif vkyaf ewmyJ? edrw d q
f w
kd m ol&csirf &S wm?
]tewå} ud;k ? tJv[
kd mrsKd ;/
&Spjf zm"mwfpk ay:atmif½I
toH? toHeeYJ m;? ]t&dyt f a&mif tarSmifoaH v} xJrmS em;? tJ'g rsupf ed YJ udu k Nf y;D
vkyx
f m;wm? a&S;q&mawmf rd;k n§i;f q&mawmf v,fww D Ykd rd;k n§i;f wd/Yk ]t&dyt
f a&mif
tarSmifoHav? aeESifhteHY El;nHhvSpGm ½kyfwdkYrSm &Spfjzm"mwfpk ay:atmif½I}? tJ'D
t&dytf a&mif rD;a&mifxrJ mS ]"mwf&pS yf g;} &Swd ,fw?hJ yx0D? tmayg? awaZm? 0ga,mawG
wpfcu h m? ]r[mbkw}f udk rSND y;D awmh ]Oyg'g½ky}f u jzpfw,f? ck
k kd oH;k cku rSND y;D jzpf&wJ[
tqif;aygh? rsupf ed jYJ rif&wJh tqif;? r[mbkwrf NDS y;D Oyg'g½kyjf zpfwm? tJ'gu Oyg'g½ky?f
k r[mbkw?f ]r[mbkw}f u yx0D? awaZm? 0ga,m/
[du
vlawG owå0gawG r&Sad om todonfomvQif vd&k if;jzpfonf
'Dvt kd BuaH wG ÓPfawGr&Sb d eJ YJ BuaH wmh? [d&k m*awGjzpfawmh arSmifomG ;wmaygh?
vlawG&o dS mG ;wmaygh? ]vlawG owå0gawGr&Sad om todonfomvQif vd&k if;jzpfonf}
qdw
k m 'gawG[m yxrwef;vdu k &f wJ[ h mrsKd ;? a[m rsupf q d wkd mu ]tqif;} aygh? t&dyf
uvnf; ]tqif;}}yJ? ta&mifuvnf; ]tqif;} yJ? tarSmifBu;D uvnf; ]tqif;}}yJ? tarSmif
Bu;D xJus raMumufb;l vm; (aMumufygw,fb&k m;)/
]oef;aumifvuG,f awmtkyv f ,fü &Spef ,fywfu;kH ? tjynfch sKe;f onf? rd;k vH;k
wdrw f ukd f vQyrf BuKd uo f m;? trdu k tf jym;? tifav;yg;xuf eifum;&maxmif? ru arSmif
\}wJh wpfcgwnf; v,fwq D &mawmfu pyfxm;wm/ ]rd;k BuKd ;wdu k Bf u;D xJrmS ? trdu
k u
f hJ
bmom? tjrifraiGU? tcsed af &TUeJo Y m? tavh&mS vsuf tcgem&D a&GUa&GUi,fcs?D wdxD
apmifah &Smuf &wktpOf vkvik ,fEiS hf toGicf sKyv f rYkd Ykd okwof wk u f &hJ ufa&? Z&m vufom
toufoma<uawmhr,f? ocFw½kyef mrfukd t[kwÓ f Pfrwifp;D Edik &f 'Dr;D wmb,f
wude;f rSmrS Nird ;f yghr,fvUkd } wJh v,fwq D &mawmf Ni;D wm? ]ocFw½kyef mrfukd t[kwÓ f Pf
rwifp;D Edik &f 'Dr;D wm b,fwude;f rSmrS Nird ;f yghr,fv}Ykd qdNk y;D wpfcgwnf;pyfomG ;w,f/
taumifrxif&bl;
tJ ]t&dyt f a&mif} qdw k mu rsupf u d jrif&wJh ]tqif;}}? a[m vlawG owå0gawG
qdw k m ]raem}
]raem}u jrifwt hJ aumif ]t&dyef t YJ aumif}? a[m taumifq&kd if ]'d|}d jzpfomG ;Ny?D
taumifrxif&bl;? rsupf u d taumifrxif&bl;? ]t&dyt f a&mif tarSmifoaH v aeeJY
teH}Y ? qHyifawGuvnf; teHaY wGy?J ]"mwf&pS yf g;omcGv J ukd yf g qHyif[m aysmufomG ;Ny}D
qdak wmh ÓPfxrJ mS tqif;awG toHawG? em;&Sv d Ykd 'DutoHu Mum;wm? em;uvnf;
]½ky}f ? toHuvnf; ]½ky}f ? Mum;wm ]0dnmPf}/
]aomwo'´H ½lyu©aE¨m}? ]em;uvnf; ½ky?f toHuvnf; ½ky-f ½lyu©Em¨ }? ]o0eH
0dnmPu©aE¨m}? ]o0eH- Mum;jcif;onf? 0dnmPu©aE¨m-0dnmPu©E¨mrnf\}/ uJ
b,favmufNrw J ;Hk ? ]Mum;½Hak v;} yJ&w dS ,f? ]tedp}ö wJ?h 'gaMumifh tedpaö umif? 'kua© umif?
xifatmifEv S ;kH oGi;f ? ]aomwo'´H ½lyu©aE¨m o0eH 0dnmPu©aE¨m}}/
toHu ]½ky}f wJh ½lyu©Em¨ ? em;uvnf; ]½ky}f wJ?h yom' tMunfav;ac:w,f?
em;xJrmS vufpyG u f iG ;f uav;vdyk J tacgif;uav;u tJ'u D iG ;f uav;rSm tarG;av;awG
aygufaew,f? [dk {&d,mwdik v f akd ygh? avu 'DutoHu tJ[ekd m;xJu tarG;av;awG
&JU tzsm;udk oGm;oGm;wd;k w,f? tJ'gvTwNf y;D toHu tajrm§ ufBu;D eJY Ake;f ueJq&kd if
tJ'eD m;pnfuo JG mG ;Ny;D aemufrMum;&awmhb;l ? ck omreftoHuav;uawmh ruGb J ;l /
'gayr,fh puf½akH wGxrJ mS tvkyv f yk w
f v
hJ al wG Mum&ifem;xdik ;f oGm;wwfw,f?
tJ'eD m;u vufpyG u f iG ;f uav;vdyk J taygufuav;? tJ't D aygufuav;udk pdu k pf u
kd f
Ny;D awmh tarG;av;awG&w dS ,f? avwd;k vd&Yk &dS if tJ'[ D meJw Y ;kd Ny;D [dk ]yom'} eJY oGm;quf
w,f? qufwt hJ cgrSm tJ'gav;u ]Mum;wm} jzpfomG ;w,f? tJ'g ]aomwOö yZmemwd}
qd&k if eifwYkd ]em;}
]em;}vnf;rod bmvnf;rodawmh ]ighem;} jzpfomG ;w,f/
Oyg'g½kyf tquftoG,v
f yk f
]em;eJt
Y oHawGUqHjk yef ig[ef ol[ef xifMuonf}? tJ ]em;eJY toH} awGUawmh
]tr,fav; &Sib f ,fuvmwk;H bmwk;H } eJ?Y acsmvdYk armvd?Yk olwaYkd jymvdu
k Mf uwmawGukd
]em;eJtY oH} rSe;f vnf;rod/ ]t&dytf a&mif tarSmifoaH v? aeeJt Y eHY El;nHvh pS mG ½kyw
f rYkd mS ?
&Spjf zm"mwfpk ay:atmif½}I /
tJ'D ]toH} xJrmS toHu Oyg'g½ky?f ]toH} u bm½kyw f ;Hk (Oyg'g½kyyf gbk&m;)/
]em;} uvnf; bm½kyw f ;Hk (Oyg'g½kyyf gbk&m;)? ]Oyg'g½kyt
f quftoG,v f yk f wpfr[k w
k f
0dnmPf jzpfownf;}}? tJ olu ae&mwdik ;f ygw,f? em;uvnf; ]Oyg'g½ky}f yJ? toH
uvnf; ]Oyg'g½kyk }f yJ/
em;u edó,ypön;f
em;xJrmS vufpyG u f iG ;f Bu;D vdrk mwJah e&mu yx0D? awaZm? 0ga,m? tJ'D tarG;
av;awGuvnf; yx0D? awaZm? 0ga,mwJ?h olu ]av} xJrmS udyk J "mwf&pS yf g;&Sw d ,f?
]av} xJrmS toH&w dS ,f? ]em;} u Mum;wmaemf? toH&rdS S ]em;} u Mum;wmaemf? ]av}
xJrmS ]toH}? 'D ]toH} uae wpfcgwnf; vdiI ;f vdo k mG ;w,f? vdiI ;f eJY oGm;Ny;D awmh?
]toH} qdw k m ]½ky}f qdak wmh wkecf gwwfwo hJ abm&Sw d ,f? tJ wkecf gwwfw,fqw kd m
jrwfpmG bk&m;a[movdq k kd ]em;}
]em;}u ]edó,- rS&D m}?}? ]edó,ypöa,e ypöa,m} wJ?h [du k
wHjYk yefvukd wf m wpfcgwnf; yJw h ifoBH u;D vdk jzpfomG ;w,f/
'Hq
k Nkd y;D awmh aMu;pnfBu;D oGm;acgufygvm;? acgif;avmif;Bu;D oGm;xd;k vdu k af wmh
[duk toHu wHjYk yefvmw,f? eifwYkd ]em;} ]em;}eJY 'Du ]toH}uvnf; rsupf ed YJ jrif&wm
r[kwb f ;l ? ]av} yJ? tJ'g [do k mG ;wd;k vdu
k af wmh 'deqf kd acgif;avmif;Bu;D oGm;xd;k vdu
k af wmh
'deq f x kd uG v f movdk rif;wdYk ]em;} xJu[mu 'Du ]av} eJY oGm;wd;k vdu k af wmh 'deq f kd
xGuo f mG ;wm? 'Durke;f p&mawG csppf &mawGrsm;ajymvdu k rf ,fq&kd if[m wpfu, kd v
f ;kH
udk wkecf gNy;D awmh tJ wkecf goGm;w,f? aMu;pnfBu;D u wkerf oGm;bl;vm; (wkeo f mG ;yg
w,fb&k m;)? tJ'g ]r[mbkw}f awG quf quf Ny;D awmh aMu;pnfBu;D wkecf goGm;ovdk
wpfcg wnf; csppf w d af wG rke;f pdwaf wG ay:oGm;w,f? tJ tJ tJvkd odv&Ykd &dS if csppf w d af wG
rke;f pdwaf wGray:bl;? ray:&if edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;a&m? tvGeaf umif;wJw h &m;udk aumif;
rSe;f vnf;rod qd;k rSe;f vnf;rod? ]t&dyt f a&mif} tJ'[ D musawmh rjywf&bl;/
t&dyt
f a&mif tarSmif oH av
]t&dyt f a&mif? tarSmif oH av? aeESit hf eH}Y ? a[m teHx
Y rJ mS vnf; "mwf&pS cf k
ygw,f? udik ;f ESmacgif;eJeY aH wmh yef;av; eHvu
kd w
f ,f? ig;ydav; eHvu kd w
f ,f/ [if;csuf
apmfav; arT;vku d w f ,f? cke 'umrBu;D vrf;aMumif;oGm;awmh Muufom;av;aMumf

aewm? arT;vmvdu k w f meJY [mt&Sib f &k m; trSw&f vdu k wf mqdNk y;D awmh Muufom;aMumf
av;0,fvmw,f/ tJ teHYxJu tJvdk[mrsdK;jzpfoGm;w,f? teHYu wpfcgwnf;
pm;csiv f mw,f? [kwu f vhJ m; [dk ig;uav;i,fwmav; ig;uav;i,fwmav;udk
aemufausmuav;udk ig;rQm;csw d u f av;eJY csw d xf m;w,f? [dk a0;a0;Bu;D oGm;rcsw d &f bl;?
enf;enf; [dk tzsm;av;csw d &f w,f? [m csw d af wmh ig;uav;u vIyv f yI ef aYJ &xJ
ul;aew,f? tJ'g ig;Bu;D uaeNy;D awmh wpfcgwnf; pm;csiv f mw,f/
]pm;csi½f o kH m pm;csiyf g rpm;vdu k yf geJ?Y t0dZmÆ aMumifo h m pm;csiw f m 0dZmÆ rpm;csi}f /
tJ tJ ae&mwdkif;&wmyJ? tJ'Dig;BuD;u wpfcgwnf; oGm;[yfvdkufua&m?
tJ'aD emuf[yfvu kd af wmh wpfcgwnf; olt Y macgifxJ ig;rQm;csw d Bf u;D ucswd af wmh olu
tedp?ö 'kur© a&mufb;l vm; (a&mufygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'g bmjyKvaYkd &mufw;Hk ? pm;csiv f Ykd
aygh? pm;csiw f mubmwk;H (wPSmygbk&m;)? tJ eifwaYkd wmh tJovdk pm;csi&f if tJovdk
jzpfwwfw,f? bmaMumifh pm;csiw f ;kH ? tpmvdo Yk w d m? ig;vdo Yk w d m? ]tpm} udk ]owå0g}
vdo Yk w d m? ]MoZm} udk ]tpm} ac:w,f/
]yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,m 0PÖ *E¨ &o MoZm} Zm}? a[m eifwYkd cspw f m
BuKd uw f mawGu tJ'g ]0PÖ} uvmwm? [dik g;uav;udk pm;csiw f muav;uvnf;?
tJ'D t&omav;u pm;csiw f m? tJ'geJY twlwyl ?J ]0PÖ? *E¨} ? ckewke;f u Muufom;eHY
uav; olrsm;tdru f [if;csuaf pmfuav;rsm; arT;&if tvGepf m;csiw f m/
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2.12.2006
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udavomrjzpfv&Ykd &dS if ]tocFw} jzpfomG ;w,f/ udavomrjzpf&if ynwfrjzpfb;l ?
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ac:wk;H (aygif;vdjYk zpfwm)/ tJ tJ aygif;vdYk jzpfwm? jzpfw,fqw kd m jyKjyifp&D ifwmaygh?
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tcsed rf &Sb
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wdo f }/ uJ ]t0dZmÆ eJY ocFg&} twdwf
f mvwdrYk nfuek \
umvwJAh sm;? ]t0dZmÆ }}u arm[? ]ocFg&} uaum ukov kd f tukov kd ?f a[m 'gxm;awmh?
t0dZmÆ u bmwk;H (arm[ygbk&m;)/ ocFg&u bmwk;H (ukov kd t f ukov kd yf gbk&m;)/
tJ'[ D mudk ]twdw}f ac:w,f/
obm0udk umv ac:w,f
tJ'D ]t0dZmÆ eJY ocFg&} u ]o
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0}? t0dZmÆ eJY ocFg&ubmwk;H (obm0ygbk&m;)?
]twdw}f qdw k m bmwk;H (umvygbk&m;)? obm0r&Sb d eJ YJ umv&So d vm; (r&Syd gbl;
bk&m;)? tJ ]obm0} udk ]umv} ac:w,f? a[m em&Dav; rvIyb f ;l vm; puúew Yf H
uav;u (vIyyf gw,fb&k m;)? bmjyKvv Ykd yI w
f ;Hk [dk "mwfcrJ ygbl;vm; (ygygw,f bk&m;)?
tJ"mwfcu J tylaMumifv f ,f? tJ'D awaZmeJY 0ga,mudk ]£'dr¨ EÅ"mwf} ac:w,f?
h yI w
0ga,mu vIyw f ,f? ayghyg;w,f? awaZmuvnf; ayghw,f? olwEYkd pS cf u k wnfw h ,f/
tJ ]awaZmeJY 0ga,m} u vIyw f ,f? tJ'v D yI w
f mu puúejYf zpfomG ;w,f? 'umBu;D
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Yk nf; awaZmrygbl;vm; (ygygw,fb&k m;)/ 'umBu;D wdv Yk nf; 0ga,m rygbl;vm;
(ygygw,fb&k m;)/ 0ga,mu aoG;rwd;k bl;vm; (wd;k ygw,fb&k m;)/ bmjyKvYkd aoG;wd;k wk;H ?
ud, k af iGUaMumifh aoG;wd;k w,f? ]Oo®Ly *wH ZD0w d }H vd&Yk w dS ,f/ ]Oo®Ly*wH} qdv k u
kd pf rf;
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tm,k? Oo®m? 0dnmPf
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Yk nf;jzpfw,f? ud, k af iGUaMumifh tJ't D oufu&Sad ewm? vTwf ud, k af iGU
k &f ifvnf; ]'[awaZm} qdNk y;D ud,
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awmh a&cJwifwmawG bmawGvyk &f w,f? Oo®Ly - Oo®Ly--Oo®m+ Oy*w? ]Oo®m} u
ud, k af iGUudak c:w,f/ ud, k af iGUqdw k m ]Oo®mawaZm} r&Sb d ;l vm; (&Syd gw,fb&k m;)/
]Oo®mawaZm oEÅyeÜ awaZm '[awaZm ygpuawaZm} ygpuawaZm}? awaZm av;ck?
tJ'gu "mwfcyJ ?J tJ'gu bmwk;H ("mwfcyJ gbk&m;)/ aoG;rwd;k bl;vm; (wd;k ygw,fb&k m;)/
tJ'gu vufwu H av;awG 'kwf 'kwf 'kwf tJvo kd mG ;wJ[h mav;awGuvnf; tJvv kd nf
oGm;wJ[ h mu pyfomG ;vdYk ]oEÅw}d jzpfomG ;w,f? [kwu f v hJ m;? ]oEÅwrd jzpf&if wd;k ½Hk
wd;k w,f}? um;rSm 0l; 0l;eJrY jzpfb;l vm; (jzpfygw,fb&k m;)/ wd;k wJ[ h meJY 0l; 0l; 0l;eJY
rjzpfb;l vm; (jzpfygw,fb&k m;)/ wd;k wJ[ h meJY 0l;0l;vdjYk zpfwm tJ'g ]oEÅw}d jzpfomG ;Ny/D
]Oyp,½kyf oEÅw½d yk f Z&wm½kyf r&Pwm½ky}f ? tJ'g ]vu©P½ky}f ac:w,f/
[kwu f v hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ ck aoG;rwd;k bl;vm; (wd;k ygw,fb&k m;)/ b,foaYl Mumifw h ;Hk
(awaZmaMumifyh gbk&m;)/ tJ awaZmu "mwfc?J tJ'aD wmh aoG;wd;k wm wpfcgwd;k ?
ESpcf gwd;k ? oH;k cgwd;k ? av;cgwd;k ckepfcgwd;k awmh avwpfcg ½SLaygh? r[kwb f ;l vm;? tJ'aD v
½SLwmvnf; ]Oo®m} u? ]0dnmPly*wH} toufuvnf; tJ'0D n d mPfukd av½SLwmu
pdw?f pdwZå ½ky?f avu bmvd&Yk LS vJ (pdwZå ½kyrf yYkd gbk&m;)/
]b0ifpwd f qifjcifpw d f xdEk pS pf w
d f rSwyf rd rhf aemjzpfownf;}? tJ'gaMumifh &SLwm?
vlaoaumif&LS ao;vm; (r&SLawmhygbl;bk&m;)/ vlaoaumifrmS ]qifjcifpw d f b0ifpw d }f
awmif r&Sdawmhbl;? vl&Sifuawmh? ]b0ifpdwf qifjcifpdwf xdkESpfpdwf rSwfydrfh
raemjzpfownf;}}/ tJ'D ]raem} &Sv d v Ykd nf; ]ZD0w d ½ky}f u vIyw f mav; jzpfaewm?
]ZD0w d ½ky}f u awaZmav;aygh ? olu rykyrf od;k atmif apmifah &Smufwmudk ZD0w d ac:
w,f/ [if;csuu f kd aET;xm;ovdak ygh? a&cJaowåmBu;D vd[ k m? rykyaf tmifvyk x f m;wm?
]awaZm}
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]awaZm}yJ/ awaZm½kyu f toufjzpfomG ;w,f/ awaZm&Sv d &Ykd &dS if raobl;?
ud, k af iGUawG&v dS &Ykd &dS if rykybf ;l ? ud,
k af iGUr&Sb d ;l qd&k if ykyo f mG ;w,f? ½kyu f ykyo f mG ;w,f?
ZD0w d ½kyf r&Sad wmhb;l ? [du k ]ZD0w d emrf}? ud, k af iGUu ]ZD0w d ½ky}f ? Ny;D awmh ZD0w d emrf?
tJvpkd um;ajymEdik af tmif apmifah &Smufay;xm;wm ]ZD0w d emrf} ac:w,f/ ]ZD0w d ad È´}
r&Sb d ;l vm;(&Syd gw,fb&k m;)/ tJvakd v; A[kow k &S&d w,f/ uJ -- awmfMutH;k pd/Yk

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3.12.2006
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uawmh wpfv;kH wnf;aygh? tJ'v D kd rjrnfb;l qk&d if Nird af ew,f? um;Bu;D puf&yfxm;
ovdak ygh? pufrEd;I bJeYJ &yfxm;ovdk tJovdk pum;ajymw,f oGm;w,f? vkypf &mudik pf &m
vkyw f ,fqrkd ?S a[m um;Bu;D uoGm;a&m ysuaf ejyef&ifvnf;roGm;jyefb;l /
jrwfpmG bk&m;uawmh [dk apmif; aomPola|;om;udk apmif;eJY Oyrmay;w,f/
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&I\}? ]ynm} eJY ]½I}awmh 'Dvkd acgif;awG? uwH;k awG? t0wfawG? r,fov D awG bmawG
'Dvrkd &Sbd ;l ? olu rken f if;aphxu J 0kd ifEikd wf ,f/ tJ'g jrwfpmG bk&m;u ]"mwf} ay:atmif
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jrifawmh raMumufb;l vm; (aMumufygw,fb&k m;)/ ]ynm} eJMY unfah wmh aMumufao;
ovm; (raMumufawmhygbl;bk&m;)/ yÍöm0k" rif;om;av; wpfcgwnf; awmBu;D xJukd
0ifomG ;awmh? rif;om;av;u wuúov kd u f jyefvmwm ]rif;om;av; 'DawmxJurkd 0ife}YJ ?
][m 0ifr,f 'DuoGm;rSvrf;ajzmifhw,f}? ]r[kwfbl; awm0rSm bDvl;BuD;&Sdw,f?
bDv;l Bu;D u xef;yifavmufBu;D &Sw d m? tJ roGm;eJ}Y ? ]oGm;r,f? igh vufeufawGygw,f}?
tJ'gbk&m;avmif;? oGm;awmhawGUwmygyJ/
wpfcgwnf; ]eifvm;[Jh bDv;l } qdNk y;D jrm;eJyY pfvu kd w
f m? [dk jrm;u ud, k xf rJ pl;bl;
tarG;awGwifuyfaew,f? jrm;awGuek w f myJ jrm;av;ig;&maygh? tr,f jrm;ukeaf yr,fh
ravsmah o;bl;? wpfcgwnf; av;Bu;D eJ½Y u kd w
f m? av;Bu;D eJ½Y u kd af wmhvnf; av;Bu;D u
tarG;uyfaew,f? olqv JG rYkd &bl;/ [m ajcaxmufeaYJ jy;uefawmhvnf; ajcaxmufBu;D
uvnf; uyfaew,f/ vufeJYoGm;½dkufawmhvnf; 'Dtwdkif;yJ uyfaew,f/ [if;
ae&½d;k vm; qdNk y;D acgif;eJo Y mG ;wdu k af wmh [dk wpfcgwnf; acgif;Bu;D yguyfaew,f/
bDv;l Bu;D u ]uJ bmwwfEikd af o;wk;H }wJ?h tJ't D cgusawmh bk&m;avmif;u

]oifbvD ;l ighupkd m;vduk f pm;vduk &f if ighxrJ mS ]tjrKaw} qdw
k m&Sw d ,f/ tJ'gu eiftpm
aMurSmr[kwb f ;l / tpmraMu&if eifvnf;ao igvnf;ao bmrSrxl;bl;? uJ pm;csif
pm;awmh} qdak wmh ]tif; olajymwm [kww f ,f xifygh} qdNk y;D rpm;0Hb
h ;l ? wpfcgwnf;
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tJ wdbYk &k m;tavmif;u b,favmufowåad umif;w,f rSwo f vJ? igwdv Yk kd
qdak oukerf mS bDv;l Bu;D qdwk meJyY J aoG;qkwo
f mG ;w,f/ acG;u usm;jrifv&Ykd &dS if wpfcgwnf;
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oGm;w,f/ tJ ]"mwfcu kd wf m} ac:w,f/ bDv;l eJv Y vl nf; 'Dvykd J "mwfcu kd w
f m? tJ
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oaAÁocFg&m tedpmö
aMomf cE¨mqdw k m rken f if;aphxaJ wmif0ifEikd wf ,f? ]cE¨mqdwk m oabmav;

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acgif;Bu;D awG olaX;Bu;D awG ol<u,fBu;D awG ynmwwfBu;D awG bmBu;D awG 'Dvrkd [kwf
bl;? ],'g ynm, yówd} ynmeJY ½Ivu kd af wmh ]oaAÁocFg&m tedpmö }}? tJ ]tedp}ö udk
ynmeJ½Y &I rSmwJ?h ck[mur½IbJ rsupf Bd u;D eJY ½Iawmh vlawGjrifvnf;aMumuf? acG;awG
jrifvnf;aMumuf? EGm;awGjrifvnf;aMumuf? um;awGjrifvnf; tukefaMumuf
oGm;w,f/ um;Bu;D eJw Y u kd vf Ydk 'DvBl u;D u pifomG ;w,f? arSmufvsuBf u;D ? pifomG ;ayr,fh
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a&Tw*d b
kH &k m;ay:a&mufawmh oln Y rD av;eJY ol&Y nf;pm;udk oGm;awGUawmh olu EIwq f uf
w,f? ][m; eifwb Ykd ,fuvmwk;H bmwk;H eJ}Y ? [du k Mum;vnf; rMum;bl;? olUvnf; rjrifb;l ?
b,fjrifyghrvJ olu rken f if;aphy?J olubmwk;H (rken f if;aphygbk&m;)/ tJvkd rSwxf m;?
'gayr,fh rken f if;aphu [dk vlBu;D udk oGm;jrifaew,f? [kd vlBu;D u rken f if;aphxufi,fvYdk
rjrifwmaygh/ bmvdYk rjrifwmwk;H (rken f if;aphxufi,fvyYkd gbk&m;)/
cE¨mig;yg; Munfh
tJ tJ'g ]0dnmmPf
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½kyv f nf;ygoGm;w,f? ½kyyf goGm;awmhukd t&dyu f av;ygoGm;ovdak ygh? tJ tJvkd ½kyv f nf;
ygoGm;w,f? ½kyyf goGm;awmh [dk oln Y rD av;eJY ol&Y nf;pm;udk jrifw,f? jrifwmu bmcE¨m
wk;H --- ]0dnmPu©Em¨ }}? jrifwmu bmcE¨mwk;H (0dnmPu©Em¨ ygbk&m;)?? pum;ajymwmu
bmcE¨mwk;H (ocFg&u©Em¨ ygbk&m;)? [m eifwv Ykd mMuovm; bmvm;eJY oluEIwq f uf
w,f? igvnf; vdu k v
f mwmyJ [eJY bmeJY olu Y , kd of l um;wku d rf eS ;f rodb;l /
]onmvnf;ygw,f? a0'emvnf;ygw,f? ½kyv f nf;ygw,f? ocFg&vnf;ygw,f?
0dnmPfvnf;ygw,f}? tJ'g ],'g ynm, yówd} eJY &IykH &Iy?kH tJ aemufb0qdw k m
vnf; tJ'grsKd ;? ],'g ynm, yówd}? ],'g ],'g- tMuiftcgü}}? tJ'D ]tMuiftccgg } qdw k m
]ted,r} b,ftcgvdYk rqkb d ;l ? tJ ]jzpfEikd w
f t hJ cg}eJY ]jzpfEikd af jc&dwS t hJ cg}? tJ't
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jrif&w,f? ½Ivnf; ½I&w,f? tJvkd rSwx f m;/ ]0dnmPfvnf;ygw,f? ½kyv f nf;ygw,f?
onmvnf;ygw,f? ocFg&vnf;ygw,f? a0'emvnf;ygw,f}/ tJ ]cE¨mig;yg;} Munf/h
cE¨mqdw
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w,fb&k m;)/ a&SUav,mOfysBH u;D udk wGe;f Ny;D aemuf uefxw k vf u kd w
f m wGe;f vdu k wf m
tJ'g ajy;wmac:w,f/ tJvykd J cE¨mBu;D uajy;w,f/ ½kyv f nf;ygw,f? a0'emvnf;
ygw,f? tJ'D ]cE¨m} u ]vl} aygh? ]vl}qdw k m cE¨mudk ac:wm? ]cE¨m}}udzk UJG awmh vljzpfomG ;
w,f? ]cE¨m} qdwk mzGUJ wm? ]cE¨m} qdw
k m aygif;wmpkwm? ]raygif;rpk jym;rIr&Sd edAmÁ ef[íl od}?
tJ ckewke;f u ],'g ynm, yówd} vdYk ½Iwmu jrifrh &kd af wmifBu;D ay:a&mufomG ;w,f/
ewfjynfeJYra0;bl;vm; (a0;ygw,fbk&m;)/ a0;ayr,fh tvSLawG vSLwJhvl? ckvdk
w&m;emwJh vlawG ra&mufEkdifbl;vm; (a&mufEdkifygw,fbk&m;)/ ,lZemaygif;
&Spaf omif;av;axmifa0;wJh ]wm0wðom} a&mufomG ;w,fw/hJ
i&Jjynf ewfjynfa&mufomG ;w,f

tJ i&Juvnf; ta0;Bu;D yJ? tJ [dk tukov kd wf eG ;f ydv
Yk ukd w f m? *suaf v,mOfysH
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ysx
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ao? a[m ewfjynfa&mufomG ;jyefa&m/ tJ tJvkd b0rsKd ;awG/
],'g
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bmvkyrf vkeYd ?YJ [kv d yk 'f v D yk ef YJ ouFe;f awG0,f bmawG0,f [du k awmh [dek wfjynfrmS
a&mufomG ;Ny/D ][m rif;vmovm;}? ]vmw,f? vmqdAk sm usKyu f bk&m;w&m;eJY b,fvkd
aewmyJ}? b,fvw kd &m;emw,f? ]oaAÁocFg&m tedpmö } qdw k hJ w&m;udek mw,f/
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cE¨mav;u rken f if;aphavmuf&w Sd hJ cE¨mav;? 'gayr,fh yHu k *suaf v,mOfysBH u;D vdak ygh?
aemufu wGe;f tm;eJ?Y ol"Y mwfqu D wpfrsKd ;? aemufweG ;f Ny;D a&SUajy;wm? tJvykd J ]ocFg&} &}u
wGe;f Ny;D ydv
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vduk w f m tJ[kd ewfjynfa&mufomG ;w,f? tJ'gudk jrwfpmG bk&m;u ]pkwyl ygwÓPf}
wJ?h ]pkwyl ygwÓPf- pkwd y#doaEükd odaomÓPf}/
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d mG ;w,f? tJ a&GUoGm;wmudk ]pkw}d wJ?h bk&m;Bu;D ay:oGm;uyfwm ]Oyygw} wJ?h
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d af wmh ]pkwyl ygw
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uvm;? i&JBu;D &dwS ,f? ud,k rf jrifz;l bl;? ud,
k rf jrifz;l awmh raMumufb;l / raMumufawmh
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tJvq kd aJ wmh [dk ta0;Bu;D yJ atmufxJ ta0;Bu;D ? tJ'u D dk b,fou l vTwv f ukd w
f ;Hk
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kd w f m? tJ'aD &mufomG ;w,f/
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]uu©Vvu©PH- Murf;wrf;aomvu©Pmonf? yx0D"mw mwk- yx0D"mwfrnf\}/
tJ'D Murf;wmu t&ifMurf;wrf;wmeJY aemufMurf;wrf;wm rwlb;l ? tJ'D rwlwmudk
]0dy&dPmr} vdaYk c:w,f? a&SUaemufaygh? [dk *suaf v,mOfysBH u;D eJY wlw,f/ tckawmh
puf&yfxm;wJu h m;Bu;D vkad ygh? xdik af ew,f? pufuawmh 'ke;f 'ke;f 'ke;f 'ke;f eJaY ygh? &yfxm;
awmhvnf; roGm;bl;aygh? armif;rS [d[ k mav; qGv
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jzpfNy;D í r&Sjd cif;aMumifh tedprö nf\

'ghaMumifh ],'g ynm, yówd} qdw k m ynmu tawmfvw kd ,f? tJvkd Mum;zl;
zd&Yk efvo kd nf rSwx f m;aemf/ ]oaAÁocFg&m tedpmö }}qdw
k mu tJ'D ]yx0D"mwf} uav;awG
udk ]tedp}ö vdaYk c:w,f? rNrb J ;l /
][kwmG tbm0awm tedp}Hö ? ][kwmG - jzpfNy;D í? tbm0awm
tbm0awm- r&djS cif;aMumif?h
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jzpfNyD;oGm;NyD? jzpfNyD;oGm;&if r&dSawmhbl;/ a[m aemuftopfa&mufvma&m? tJ
tJv[ kd mrsKd ;/
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&ifvnf; aemufxyf topftopf jzpfay:vmw,f/ ckxikd af ewm vnf; topf
topfawG jzpfjzpfaew,f? tJovdk tJovdk Atom av;awGaygh? wpfae&mwnf;pkNy;D
vSnahf ewmr[kwb f ;l ? t&if Nucleus ae&m- aemuf Nucleus? t&if Proton ae&m-
aemuf Proton ? tJvkd a&SUeJaY emuf vSnahf ewm? [kwu f v

hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ 'Dv½kd ;Id jyNy;D
'Dvykd BkH u;D eJY vSn0hf ikd ;f aewmr[kwb
f ;l ? a&SUeJaY emuf/
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bk&m;)/ tJ tJvkd[mrsdK;ac:w,f? a&SUeJYaemuf *sufav,mOfysHBuD;om rSwfxm;?
*suaf v,mOfysv H ykd /J
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rdewfom;Bu;D wkow d ma&mufomG ;w,fr[kwv f m;/ t&darawå,s bk&m;avmif;vnf;
wkow d m r[kwv f m;? tJ tJ'g *suaf v,mOfxuf jrefao;w,f/
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oGm;w,f qdyk gawmh tJ'x D rJ mS r,fawmfrm,m &Sad o;vm; (r&Sad wmhygbk&m;)/ ][kwmG -
jzpfNy;D í? tbm0awm- r&Sb d ;l } qdv
k &Ykd &dS if ][drk mS jzpfNy;D awmh- 'DrmS r&Sw
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[kw&f UJ vm;/
aygif;í jyKwmu ocFw

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jyKjyifajymif;vJwmu ocFg&
tJ ]tedp}ö u tJ'v ]ynm}u ]tedp}ö udo
D ?kd ]ynm} k w
d m? tJ'g bmawGw;Hk bk&m;qd&k if
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bk&mhqrkd S ]ocFg&m} &m}wJ?h bmawGw;Hk (ocFg&m)? ocFg&qdw k m jyKjyifajymif;vJwmudk ]ocFg&}?
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wdkYvnf; jyKjyifxm;wm? xrif;wdkY bmwdkYeJY rjyKjyifbl;vm; (jyKjyifygw,fbk&m;)/
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vrf;oGm;w,f? anmif;&if xdik w f ,f? xw,fqw kd mvnf; jyKjyifwmyJ/ tJ'jD yKjyifwhJ
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tJ ]r&Sw d mBu;D }}udk Munf&h w,f? 'D ]&S}d aewJh 'l;awG aygifawG cg;awGukd rMunfeh YJ
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r&Sdawmhbl;av? &m*vnf; r&Sdawmhbl;av? tJ r&SdawmhrS wpfcgwnf; ][kwGm
tbm0awm} [kwu f v hJ m;? 'Djh yifvrG ;f aer,f? oHa,mZOf&adS er,fq&kd ifawmh olu
edAmÁ efra&mufb;l ? tJ'u D awmh olaevdrYk jzpfb;l [kwu f vhJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/
][kwmG - jzpfNy;D í? tbm0awm tbm0awm- r&Sjd cif;aMumif?h tedpHö- tedprö nf\}/
]tedp}ö qdwk m acgif;awG? ajcawG? vufawGrxm;&bl;aemf? [dk ]ocFg&} av;udak c:wm?

BuwH mav;? pnfwmav;? jrifwmav;? Mum;wmav;? tck rMum;bl;vm; (Mum;ygw,f
bk&m;)/ tJ'MD um;wm[m ]ocFg&} &}? bmjyKvMYkd um;wk;H qdak wmh 'DutoHeYJ [duk em;eJY
'DutoHuvnf; jyKjyifNyD; vTwfvdkufwm pdwful;pdwfoef;eJY oluajymwm? [dku
em;uvnf; ur®Z½kyu f vnf; em;ryif;bl;aygh? em;aumif;w,faygh? tJ'gMum;w,f?
tJvkd jyKjyifNy;D awmh Mum;wmav; jzpfomG ;w,f? tJ'gudk ]ocFg&} vdaYk c:w,f? [kwuf v
hJ m;
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&m-jyKjyifaomocFg&wdo
[kwmG tbm0awm tedpHö

tJ'D ]ocFg&} u wpfcw k nf;r[kwb f ;l ? ]oaAÁ - tvH;k pHak om}} vlawGa&m?
ewfawGa&m? jA[®mawGa&m? avmuBu;D a&m tukev f ;kH ac:w,f/ tJ'D ]oaAÁ} u t<uif;
tusef r&Sb
d ;l ? ola&m'Dvykd J ud,
k af &m 'Dvykd /J
]oaAÁ - tvH;k pHu
k ek af om? ocFg&m - jyKjyiforQ ocFg&wdo
Yk nf? tedpmö - jzpfNy;D í
d ek ?f ,'g - tMuiftcgü? ynm, - ynmjzif?h yówd - jrif\}/
r&Su
rjrifao;vd&Yk &dS if ]tx} roGm;eJ?Y ]txedAEdÁ w
´ 'd ak u©} vdYk qdw
k m&Sw
d ,f? tck
ajymNy;D oavmufom½It;kH ][kwmG }? raeYu bmeJY xrif;pm;wk;H ][kwmG }}? tJ'g jzpfNy;D NyD
r&Sad wmhb;l ? raeYu Buw H mawGvnf; 'Dvykd J ] [kwmG tbm0awm}
tbm0awm}? ckeu Buw H mvnf;
tbm0awm}? tckxikd af ewmvnf; ][kwmG tbm0awm}
'Dvykd J ][kwmG tbm0awm} tbm0awm}/
][kwmG - jzpfNy;D í? tbm0awm - r&Sjd cif;aMumif?h tedpHö - tedprö nfuek \
f }/
[dw
k ek ;f u t0SmawGvnf; 'Dvykd /J [dk tar&duefor®wawGjzpfNy;D r&Sad wmhb;l /
tJ'v
D kd r&Sv
d ukd f &Sv
d u
kd ef YJ topftopfawG jzpfaew,fw/hJ tJvkd rSwxf m;aemf/
uJ--- awmfMuOD;pd/Yk

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]] "r®mEkyóem - ÓPfyxsm w&m;awmf }}

5.12.2006
arm[r&S&d if t0dZmÆ r&Sad wmhb;l
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aygh/ Nucleus vd?k Molecules vdk [mav;awG/
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taMumif;tm;avsmpf mG jzpfaewm rSwyf gobm0

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k H
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tJ'gaMumifh Mum;&if Mum;w,f? ]Mum;w,f} vdq kd mu ]raem}
Yk w ]raem}? ]Mum;wm} u ]em;}
tJvdkuGJoGm;w,f/
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jzpfwmudk od&if ]O',ÓPf} ? ysuw f mudk od&if ]0,ÓPf} ? Ny;D awmh ysuw f ,f?
ysuw f ,fvYkd ysuw f mawGcsn;f odae&if ]b*FÓPf}? tJ'[ D mudk ]tedp}ö vdaYk c:w,f/
tJ'aD wmh ]b*FÓPf}a&mufrS tedpu ö o
kd wd ,f? ]tedp}ö qdwk mu jzpfNy;D &ifr&Sb
d ;l ?
jzpfNy;D &if t&if[mr&Sad wmhb;l ? aemufutopf? oHcReaf v; abmyifav; xdyrf mS
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tJ'aD vmuf qdv k nf; rqd;k bl;/
uJ--- awmfMutH;k pd/Yk
¸¸¸¸¸
]]opömav;wef teufreS f w&m;awmf}}

6.12.2006
'kuu
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vlawGr&S&d if avmbr&Sb d ;l ? vlawGqw
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raemu ynwf tm½Hjk yKw,f? ÓPfurS edAmÁ ef tm½Hjk yKw,f

]rkawåm- 'kuo
© pömrS vGwaf jrmufawmfrNl y}D ? oHo&mrSqw
kd mvnf; 'kuo
© pömygyJ?
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(avmuDpw d yf gbk&m;)/ avmuDpw d u f bmopömwk;H ('kuo © pömygbk&m;)/ tJ'D 'kuo© pöm
udk wpfcgwnf; ]þ[m'kuo © pöm}}? tJvo kd v d ukd w
f hJ tcgusawmh wpfcgwnf; eda&m"
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D kd ]opöur®|mef;}}u
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cufatmifcsn;f oGm;oGm;vkyw f ,f? vkyaf wmh cufcufomG ;wmaygh/
vlawGr&S&d if y&rw¬ opöm

uJ tck pdwx f rJ mS &Si;f raebl;vm; (&Si;f ygw,fb&k m;)/ ]vlawG}a&m pdwx f J
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d m; (r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)/ 'kuo d J vlawGb,f&ydS ghrwk;H ? ]vlawG} &S&d if 'kuo
© pömrSr&Sb © pöm?
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tJ ]eda&m"opöm} usawmh tJ'grsKd ; o&ufyifBu;D r&Sad wmhb;l ? o&ufyifr&S&d if o&ufo;D
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tJ tJvrkd sKd ;/ 'gaMumifh vlr&Sad ompdwf (vlr&Sad ompdw)f /
'kuo
© pömrS vGwaf jrmufawmfrNl yD
]rkawåm aomb*0g
aomb*0g? armpem, "r®H a'aowd}? ]aomb*0g ]aomb*0g- xdjk rwfpmG bk&m;
onf? rkawåm- 'kuo © pömrS vGwaf jrmufawmfrNl y?D armpem,
armpem,- 'kuo © pömrS vGwjf cif;
tusKd ;iSm? "r®H- w&m;ud?k a'aowd- a[mawmfr\ l }/
tJ tJ'gav;eJq Y &kd if [dk ]avmuD} uvnf; 'kuu © vGww f ,f? ]avmukw&å m}
uvnf; vGww f ,f/ w&m;u tJ'v D kd ]yxsm-jzefEY ikd w
f ,f} wJ/h uJ awmfMutH;k pd/Yk

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]] ypöKyÜerf mS ½kyef mrf&w

dS ,f w&m;awmf }}
7.12.2006
ypöKyÜeq
f w
kd m umv? ½kyef mrf qdw
k mu obm0
]raemudv k nf; od&r,f}? ]raem} ]raem}eJY ]raem0dnmPf}eJY rwlb;l / ]raemeJY twdw}f ?
]ypöKyeÜ u f kd ½kyef mrfajym&}
m&}? [dk ]½kyef mrf}qdw k m ypöKyeÜ rf mS &Sw d ,f/ tckMum;wm ypöKyeÜ af ygh?
tJ tJ'g½kyef mrfyJ Mum;wm? ]½kyef mrf}qd&k if ]ypöKyeÜ }f yJ&w dS ,f? ypöKyeÜ q f w kd m ]umv}
]umv}? ½kyef mrf
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tm½Hu k twdw?f tm½Hq k wkd mu (11)yg;&Sw d ,f/ ]twdw}f uvnf; tm½Hyk ?J ]ypöKyeÜ }f
uvnf; tm½Hyk ?J tJ tm½Hq kd &Ykd w,f - ]ypöKyeÜ t
k v f m½k}H ? ½lyg½H?k o'´g½H?k *E¨m½H?k &om½k?H
azm|AÁm½kq H wkd m ]ypöKyeÜ tf m½H}k /
a[m rsupf ad wG? em;awG? ESmacgif;awG? vQmawG? ud, k af wG? tJ tJ'gawGu
yom'½kyaf wG? "r®m½Hak wG ]ypöKyeÜ "f r®m½H}k ? ]ypöKyeÜ t f m½H}k ac:w,f/ ]ypöKyeÜ u f kd ½kyef mrf
ajym&}
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nHn h ahH v;eJY xd&ifaumif;w,f? acsmw,faygh? tJ'g azm|AÁm½Hk ]ypöKyeÜ t f m½H}k /
rsupf u d vnf; ypöKyeÜ t f m½H?k em;uvnf; ypöKyeÜ t f m½H?k ypöKyeÜ q f w kd mu umv?
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]raem}yJ/ ]½kyef mrf}
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wpfcrk Qü avmutxk tukepf \ k } wJ?h &m*awGa&m? a'goawGa&m ypöKyeÜ xf J tJ'gawG
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ypöKyEÜ é wpfcrk Qü avmutxk tukepf \ k /
ypöKyeÜ yf suf wpfcyk suEf iS hf avmutxk tukeyf su\ f /
tJ b,fjynfu bmtaMumif;jzpfjzpf [dzk v d pfyikd uf &TUH awGjrKyo
f mG ;Ny?D wpfavmu
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toHawGuvnf; ]ypöKyeÜ ½f yk ef mrf}/
jrifwmawGuvnf; ]ypöKyeÜ ½f yk ef mrf}/
Mum;wmawGuvnf; ]ypöKyeÜ ½f yk ef mrf}/
ypöKyÜe½f yk ef mrf tedrw

d å tedpö
jrifMum;ponfh Buo H od rQ ocFg&u tedrw
d å tedp{ö uef 'kur© eS o
f nf
ypöKyeÜ u
f kd ½kyef mrfajym& y&rw¬opömoabm ynmaZmyif/
'gaMumifh ]jrifMum;ponfh Buo H od rQ ocFg&u tedrw d }å ? tedrw

d qå w
kd m 'Dvkd
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ypöKyeÜ ef qYJ /kd
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v;}uvnf; tedpjö zpfomG ;w,f/ bmjyKvYkd
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bmwk;H (obm0ygbk&m;)/ tJ ]obm0} u ½kyef mrfac:w,f/
obm0eJY ½kyef mrfukd rodvYkd avmuDawG jzpfuek w
f ,f
ck toHu ]obm0} aygh? olu ½ky?f Mum;wmu emrf? emrfr&Sb d eJ YJ ½kyv
f nf;
r&Sb d ;l ? ½ky&f adS yr,fh emrfr&S&d ifvnf; tvum;yJ? tcke ½kyef YJ emrfew YJ aJG eawmh ]toHu
½ky?f Mum;wmu emrf? ½kyef mr mrff }? Ny;D awmh ypöKyeÜ ?f ypöKyeÜ o
f &d if ½kyef mrfow d ,f? ½kyef mrfo&d if
ypöKyeÜ o f wd ,f? ]ypöKyeÜ ef YJ ½kyef mrf} tJovd?k tJvrkd odwmuawmh ]t0dZmÆ }? rodvYkd ]i ]igg }
jzpfwmuawmh ]'d|}d ? vdck sijf yefwmu ]wPSm}? tJvkd ]obm0eJY ½kyef mrf} udk tJvrkd od
vdYk tJ'v D ckd siw f mwdYk bmjzpfwmwdYk nmjzpfwmwdYk tJ'D avmuDawGjzpfuek w f ,f/
raemu twdwv
f nf;odw,f? ypöKyÜev
f nf;odw,f
rsupf ad wG? em;awGu ]ypöKyeÜ }f udo
k m tm½Hjk yKEikd wf ,f? ]twdw}f udk tm½Hrk jyK
f ;l / ]rsupf ad wG? em;awG? ESmacgif;awG? vQmawG? ud,
Edik b k af wG}aygh? ig;ck tJ'D ig;cku
]ypöKyeÜ }f om tm½Hjk yKEidk wf ,f? ]twdw}f udk tm½Hrk jyKEikd b f ;l / ]raem} uawmh raeYu
csKd vukd ?f csOvf u kd f pm;wmudo
k wd ,f? ]raem} u raeYu aecJw h [hJ mudk odw,f? Mum;cJwh hJ
[mudk odw,f? raeY wjrefaeYuayghav? twdwu f uav;xJu av;wef;xJu
]twdwu f o
kd wd muraem}
muraem}? tJ'D ]raem}
]raem}u ypöKyeÜ v
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bmwH;k (ypöKyeÜ yf gbk&m;)/ tckqw kd mu ]£"} aygh? Now aygh? [dk twdwaf wGuvnf;
Now jzpfvmw,f? ],ck} jzpfvmwmaygh? tJ'gusawmh ]raem&JUtm½H}k (raem&JUtm½H)k ?

]raemtm½H}k u twdwu f kd tm½Hjk yKEikd Nf y;D ypöKyeÜ v f mjzpfw,f? &dyrf &d UJ vm; (&dyrf yd gNyD
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]raem}/ 'gayr,fh Now qdw k hJ tck jzpfomG ;w,f? av;wef;
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qdwk m ,ck? tJ'golu twdwv f nf;tm½Hjk yKEidk w f ,f? ypöKyeÜ v f nf;jzpfw,f? oluumv
ESpuf mv/
ukov kd ?f tukov kd f jzpfNyDq?kd olu Y kd raem0dnmPfrw S f

Ny;D awmh tJ't D xJrmS &m*awG? a'goawGqw kd hJ tukov kd af wG 0ifvmNyq D &kd if
tJ'g ]raem}
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bmwk;H (raem0dnmPfygbk&m;)/ ]pu©K0n d mPf}? ]raem0dnmPf} tJ tJ'v D /kd
rsupf u d jrif jrif½jHk rif qifjcif raemrSw/f
ukov kd f tukov kd jf zpfNyq
D kd olu Y kd raem0dnmPfrw S /f
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]raem}
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f ,f? aemuf
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jzpfomG ;w,f/ ]ypöKyEÜ w é pfcrk Qü avmutxktukepf \ k }}/ tJ ]raem0dnmPf} jzpfwmvnf;
tck Now jzpfomG ;w,f? twdwu f [mu ,ckjzpfomG ;wmaygh? tJovdk tJovdk tJ'D
]ypöKyeÜ uf kd ½kyef mrfajym&} m&}? ½kyef mrfocd si&f if ypöKyeÜ u f kd Munf&h w,f/
rysupf D;cif odvu

kd &f if þwGif ypöKyÜef
tck xdik w
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k u kd pf rf;(xdik w f ,f)? tJ'g ypöKyeÜ yf ?J ]ypöKyeÜ u
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f av;eJaY er,fqv kd &Ykd &dS if twdwu
f [mjzpfcNhJ y;D wmu
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ypöKyÜefeJYom aer,fqdkvdkY&Sd&if tJ'D½kyfemrfuav;[m MumMumraebl;? ypöKyÜefu
]Oyg'f? XD? bif} yJ&wdS m? ypöKyeÜ ef yYJ J aer,fqv
kd &Ykd &dS if ypöKyeÜ q kd mu ]toHuyk -HÜ rysupf ;D rD?
f w
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tJ ypöKyeÜ f odw,f? tckMum;w,f? Mum;aewke;f odwm? ]rysupf ;D cif odvu kd &f if þwGif
ypöKyeÜ }f ? tJ'gawG qdqk akd e&w,f? Mum;wke;f udk rysupf ;D cif Mum;w,fvYkd odvu kd &f w,f/
tedrw
d å tedp?ö obm0 tedpö
tJ odwmu ]obm0} ]obm0}? Mum;wmu ]umv} ]umv}? umvxJrmS tJ'D obm0&Sw d ,f?
]umveJo Y bm0} tJ'v D ?kd tJ em&D[m umvudo k zd ?Ykd tcsed u f o
kd zd ?Ykd odw,fqukd wnf;u
em&D[m ]taMumif;} umv? ]odwm} ubmwk;H ]tusKd ;} jzpfomG ;w,f? tJovdrk w S xf m;/
]ypöKyeÜ uf kd ½kyef mrfajym& tedrw d å tedp}ö ? ]tedrw d }å qdw k m taumiftxnfr&Sb d ;l ?
j'yfr&Sb d ;l ? tJ obm0uav;yJ&w dS ,f? tJ'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd olu ]tedp}ö csn;f yJjzpfaew,f/
Mum;vduk &f ifvnf; ]tedp}ö ? jrifvu kd &f ifvnf; ]tedp}ö ? eHvukd &f ifvnf; ]tedp}ö ?
xdvu kd &f ifvnf; ]tedp}ö ? Buv H ukd &f ifvnf; ]tedp}ö ? tJ tJ'g ]tedrw d å tedp?ö obm0
tedp}ö ? uJ 'Dvkd rqdEk ikd b
f ;l vm; (qdEk ikd yf gw,fb&k m;)/ obm0awG? tJ'v D kd tedpt
ö jzpfeYJ
obm0udk od&UJ vm;qdk rodawmhrS ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfawmh? ]vl} jzpfomG ;awmh t0dZmÆ jzpfomG ;
wmaygh? [kw&f UJ vm; (wifyghb&k m;)/ obm0udk rodb;l ? ]obm0} u tedp?ö 'gayr,fh
]vl} vdo Yk ad wmh ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfomG ;w,f? vlvo d mG ;rS ]&m* a'go} jzpfw,f/
Ykd o
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qdvk &Ykd &dS if tJ'g ]tem*wf}? raoao;bJeYJ oluaoawmhrmS vm;[Jh aoawmhrmS vm;[Jh
qdw k m ]ypöKyeÜ }f vm;? ]twdw}f vm;? b,f[mrS r[kwb f ;l ]tem*wf}? tJ't D em*wf
umvBuD;udk oGm;NyD;raoao;bJeJY? aoawmhrSmvm;[JhvdkYqdkawmh rpdk;&drfbl;vm;

(pd;k &dryf gw,fb&k m;)/ tJ'g ]tmo0} jzpfomG ;w,f/ tJ'gaMumifh ]þ[m tmo0}? tJ
tmo0 jzpf&ifavmb? 'd|?d arm[? ]arm[} ]arm[}u t0dZmÆ ? ]avmb}
]avmb}u vdck siw f m? ]'d|}d u
xifwm? vlvx Ykd ifwmaygh? ]vl}vdYk xifurkd xifb;l ? ,lukd ,laew,f? vlvYkd ,laew,f/
&Sw
d mu ½kyef mrf
tJ'D½kyfemrfudk? &Sdwmu ½kyfemrf? &SdwmubmwkH; (½kyfemrfygbk&m;)/ tJ'g
½kyef mrfqw kd m ]tw¬d ypöa,m}
,m}ac:w,f? tw¬yd pöa,m? ]½lyg&r®PH pu©K0n d mP "mwk,m
wHorÜ,w k u å meOö"r®meH tw¬yd pöa,eypöa,m} qdw k mtJ'g? tJ'gav;&Sw d ,f? ypöKyeÜ u f kd
½kyef mrfajym& qdpk rf; (ypöKyeÜ u
f kd ½kyef mrfajym&)? tJ ]½kyef mrf}udk odcsiv
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8.12.2006
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]0Dw&ma*g - &m*uif;w,f} qdw k m od&UJ vm;/ &m*jzpfp&m taMumif;r&Sv d Ykd
&m*uif;wmaygh? ]0Dw&ma*g}
&ma*g}? &m*uif;w,fqw kd m &m*jzpfp&m pdwrf ul;wm tJ'pD w d f
d maygh? 'gudk ]0Dw&ma*
r&Sw &ma*gg } vdYk ac:w,f/ awmxJomG ;vnf; ]0Dw&ma*g} ? NrKd UxJomG ;
vnf; ]0Dw&ma*g}
&ma*g}? 0Dw&ma*g &m*uif;vd&Yk &dS if? ]tbD½}k raMumufb;l wJ?h rvefb Y ;l wJ?h
atmifr,fav; vefv Y u
kd w
f meJ?Y acG;aemufuvdu
k v f m rvefbY ;l vm; (vefyY gw,fb&k m;)/
&m*uif;w,fqakd wmh owå0gvnf;r&Sb

d ;l ? vlvnf;r&Sb
d ;l
]0Dw&ma*g? 0Dwa'gaom? 0Dwarma [m}? arma[mu owå0g&Sw
arma[m}? d ,f/ acG;vdu k f
vmvnf;yJ vefv Y u kd wf myJ? usm;vdu
k v
f mwmvnf;yJ vefv Y u
kd w
f myJ? rvefb Y aJ eyghrvm;
bk&mheYJ ajymvdrrhf ,f? [dk olrY mS ]&m*} uif;w,fqakd wmh owå0gvnf; r&Sb d ;l ? vlvnf;
r&Sb d ;l ? ud,k u kd Bf u;D vnf; r&Sad wmhb;l av? ]a0'em} &Sw
hf , d ,faygh? ]onm} &Sd w,f? ]½ky}f
d ,f? ]0dnmPf} &Sw
&Sw d ,f? jrifwmawG Mum;wmawGu 0dnmPf? 0dnmPf&w dS ,f? a0'em
&Swd ,faygh? onm&Sw d ,f? tJ'aD 0'emonmawGu [dk jrwfpmG bk&m;usawmh bmrS
r[kwaf wmhb;l /
vlr&S&d ifvnf; igr&Sad wmhb;l

tJ'g ]½kyaf wG} &Sw d ,f/ ]½kyaf wG} uvnf; tlawG? tqkwaf wGu;kd / tlawG?
tqkwaf wG? tom;awG? ta&awG? r[kwb f ;l vm; ([kwyf gw,fb&k m;)/ &m* a'go
&Sw
d vhJ u l sawmh olu Y tkd rTe;f wif&w,f? acsmatmif? vSatmif? r[kwb f ;l vm; (wifygh
bk&m;)/ olu Y sawmh ]þ[m½ky}f ? udik ;f b,fEh , S v f yk yf ghrvJ ]½kyBf u;D } oeyfcg;rvdr;f csib f ;l ?
tJ'g ]ig} d ?Ykd ]vl} r&S&d ifvnf; ]ig} r&Sad wmhb;l ? vl&adS wmh ig&Sw
]ig}r&Sv d ,f? tJvakd ygh? 'gu
awmfawmfpw d &f ifrh S r&Swd m? odrYk Ykd ]igr&Sb
d ;l }}qd&k if rBuKd ub f ;l ? ]ig&Swd ,f} qdrk S BuKd uw
f ,f?
]ig} qdw k mvnf; vlw?Ykd a,mufsm;wd?Yk rde;f rwd?Yk owå0gwd?Yk tJ ola[mwJw h &m;xJrmS vnf;
owå0gqdw k mu rygbl;? okweå x f u
J sawmh xnfx h nfah jym&w,f? tJ olZY mwfawG
bmawGaygh? ol twdwb f 0wke;f u jznfch w

hJ hJ yg&rDawG ajym&w,f? 'grSvnf; enf;enf;
NrKd iq
f ikd o
f mG ;w,f? ckewke;f u 0w¬KaMumif;av; ajymvdu k af wmh &Dvmw,faygh? tJv/kd
þ[m 0dnmPf? þ[m 0dnmPfjzpfaMumif;

þ[m 0dnmPf? Mum;wmu 0dnmPf? 0dnmPfjzpfaMumif;usawmh em;eJt Y oH/
em;eJt Y oHu - Mum;aMumif;? em;eJt Y oHubmwk;H (Mum;aMumif;ygbk&m;)/ tqif;eJrY supf -d
]jrifaMumif;}}? teHeY EYJ mS acgif; - ]eHaMumif;}}? vQmeJUt&om - ]pm;aMumif;}}? eHwmu ]0dnmPf}?
teHeY EYJ mS acgif;u ]½ky}f ? pm;wmu ]0dnmPf}? vQmeJUt&omu ]½ky}f ? þ[m½ky?f vQmudk
½kyrf eS ;f odwmud;k / ckawmh vQmudk ½kyv f vYkd nf;rodb;l ? tpm;yJ? tpmqdak wmh? tpmr&S&d if
vnf;aorSmud;k / 'Dawmhief;ief;wuf? ief;ief;wufqw kd mpm;csiw
f ,f? qmw,f? tJovd/k
arm[u t0dZmÆ ac:wmaygh
]0Dw&ma*g? 0Dwa'gao a'gaom? m? 0Dwarma[m}
arma[m}? tJ'D ]arma[m} u ta&;Bu;D w,f/
arma[mu vlawG? owå0gawG jzpfwm? ]arm[} u ]t0dZmÆ } ac:wmaygh? ]t0d'w d }H
rodtyfw[ hJ mawGukd tJ'pD w d uf odw,f? rde;f rawG? a,mufsm;awG ]&m*} jzpfzo Ykd w
d ,f?
]a'go} jzpfzo d ,f? ]arm[} jzpfzo
Ykd w d ,f?? ]t0Dw &ma*g? t0Dw a'gaom? t0Dw
Ykd w
arma[m? tbD½?k tqrÇ}D ? raMumufb;l ? rvefb Y ;l ? ud, k cf ufxa&mfr&Sb d ;l ? Muufo;D
arG;nif;rxbl;? acgif;BuD; BuD;rvmbl;? tJ'Dvdk aMumufp&mBuD;eJYawGUayr,fvdkY
raMumufb;l / qifBu;D awG qifBu;D awGuvnf; olwt Ykd csi;f csi;f &efjzpfwmyJ? a>rBu;D
awGvnf; tcsi;f csi;f &efjzpfwmyJ? udu k Mf u owfMuwmyJ? wpfaumifeYJ wpfaumif
rcHcsibf ;l / vlBu;D awGvnf; owfcsi?f bmjyKvw Ykd ;Hk qdak wmh ]owå0g } &Sad ew,f/
tJ'o D wå0gxJrmS cE¨m&Sad wmh 0dnmPu©Em¨ ? ½kycf E¨m? þ[m½kyv f q Ykd &kd w,f?
k af umifBu;D a&m? acgif;Bu;D a&m? ajcBu;D a&m? vufBu;D a&m ½ky?f tJ'g ]oP²mef½yk }f
ud,
ac:w,f/ ]tedrw d }å qdw
k m tJ'o D P²mefr&Sad tmif ÓPfxw k &f wm? oP²mefr&Sad tmif
tedrw d qå w kd mu ] jrifMum;ponhf Buo H od rrQQ }? a[m jrifwmawG Mum;wmawG? tck
Mum;wmawG edrw d ;l ? ] jrifMum;ponhf Buo
d rf &Sb H o
d rQ ocFg& } - ocFg&qdw k m [dk 0g;vH;k ESpcf k
aygif;vdu k af wmh jrnfwmaygh? jrnfatmifvyk x f m;vdu k af wmh jrnfw,f/
jrifwm Mum;wmawGukd ocFg&ac:w,f

tJ jrnfatmifvyk x f m;wmu ]ocFg&} ac:w,f/ vkyx f m;wmudk ocFg&? ]um,
ocFg&? 0pDocFg&? pdwo å cFg&} eJY &Sad o;wm? tJ vkyx f m;vdYk jrnfwm? tJ'g ocFg&?
d vnf; 'Dvykd ?J tJ jrifwm Mum;wmawGukd ]ocFg&}
em;uvnf; 'Dvykd ?J rsupf u &}vdYk ac:w,f/
]jrifMum;ponhf Buo H od rQ ocFg&u}
&u}? ]awG;}vdu k af wmh ]BuH }oGm;wmaygh? toH &Sad wmh
Mum;vmwmaygh? a[m toHr&Sad wmh ysuo d ek ;f udk ]tw¬yd pön;f } ac:w,f/
f mG ;wmaygh? &Sw
]ew¬yd pöa,m}
,m}qd&k if rMum;awmhb;l / ]tw¬yd pöa,m} ,m}qdw k m toH&adS wmh Mum;w,f/
em;uMum;w,fq&kd if pdwq
f ;kd ao;vm;
[duk ]edó,ypöa,m} vdq Yk wkd ,f/ edó,? tw¬?d &Sv d Ykd Mum;wm? em;&Sv d o Ykd m
Mum;&w,fqo kd vdyk ?J em;u&Sad eawmh Mum;&w,f/ uav;awGqv l nf; Mum;ae&wm?
rMum;csiv f nf; Mum;ae&wm? tJ tJ'g ]tewå}? rMum;csiw f mu ]i ]igg } jzpfvYkd rMum;
f m? ]ig}
csiw ]ig}r&Sad wmh ol[ Y mol Mum;w,f? tJ tJvjkd zpfomG ;w,f/ pdwx f rJ mS pdwx f rJ mS ?
]em;
]em;}} u Mum;w,f? tJvkd jzpfomG ;awmh w&m;jzpfomG ;w,f/ tck 'gaMumifh em;u
Mum;w,f? ]i ]igg }u Mum;w,fq&kd if pdwq f ;kd w,f/ ]i
]igg }uMum;&if bmwk;H (pdwq f ;kd w,f)?
]em;
]em;}} uMum;w,fq&kd if pdwq f ;kd ao;vm; (rqd;k ygbl;bk&m;)/
tJovdk pdwrf qd;k &if a'go&So d vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)/ tJ'g ]0Dwa'gaom} ac:w,f/
a'gouif;wm? jrwfpmG bk&m;wdu Yk sawmh ol 'Dvv kd yk vf Ykd uif;oGm;wm? uJ jrwfpmG bk&m;
olawmxJaeawmh aMumufao;ovm; (raMumufygbl;bk&m;)/ raMumufb;l ? awmxJyJ
aewm? *dZÑu#k af wmifBu;D ay:? tjrifBh u;D awmfawmfwuf&w,f? Ny;D awmh acsmufBu;D eJ?Y
]em;
]em;}} u Mum;w,f? tJvq kd &kd w,f/ ]i ]igg } Mum;w,f? ]i ]igg } Mum;w,f? 'Dvrkd qd&k bl;/
olu ]em;av;} yJ? 'Du ]toH} yJxu G w f ,f/ 'Du ]toH}? ]em;} em;jzpfatmifvyk w f m?
em;u vufpyG u f iG ;f uav;vd?k ab;u tarG;av;awGygw,f/ tJ't D arG;av; awGukd
avwd;k awmh? 'Du [dt k om;av;awGukd xdw,f? tJ'g ]aomwyom'} em; tMunfav;
ac:w,f/ tJ'gav;u ]Mum;}oGm;w,f/ tJ'gav;u Mum;atmifvyk w f m? ]em;}
]em;}uav;
vkyx f m;wmudk olu ]ocFg&} &}vdYk ac:w,f/ tJ'v D kd ]em;}
]em;}uav; vkyx f m;wm rSe;f odawmh
]em;}u Mum;w,f? tJ'v
]em;} D jkd zpfomG ;w,f/ b,fou l Mum;wk;H (em;uMum;ygw,fb&k m;)/
½kyef mrfu Mum;w,fqakd wmh a'go rxGub

f ;l
tJ'gudk ]igu} qdak wmh vljzpfomG ;w,f/ ]tewå} qdak wmh ]vl}r[kwb f ;l ? ]em;}
]i
]igg }r[kwb f ;l qdak wmh ]vl}r[kwb f ;l ajymwmeJY twlwyl ?J ]ocFg&&}} u [kww f ,f? olu
]½kyf } yJ? ]em;}
]em;}xJrmS vufpyG u f iG ;f vdk tarG;av;awGe?YJ tJ aveJx Y d oGm;w,f? ]wdPHÖ
o*Fwd zaóm} qdw k mjzpfomG ;w,f/ ]zóypö,m a0'em} qdw k m jzpfomG ;w,f/ tJ'D
a0'emawGjzpfawmh ]cE¨m} qdw k m ]pk} oGm;w,f/ tJ'aD wmh ]½kyef mrf} u Mum;w,fqakd wmh
olu a'gorxGub f ;l / tJ'gaMumifh ]0Dwa'gaom} vd?Yk a'gorxGuaf wmhb;l /
tdrx f w J if a'gorxGuaf wmh? tdrx f w
J if aysmaf ewmaygh/ a'goxGuaf wmh
a[m tdru f xGuo f mG ;a&m? uav;awGu qlygw,f[,fqNkd y;D xGuo f mG ;? uav;
qdak wmh qlNrq J al ewmyJ? olwrYkd mS Nird af evdYk rjzpfb;l ? vIyaf e&wm/ ]0Dwa'gaom} a[m
olu tJvMkd um;wJt h cg a'gor&S&d if [dk ]&m*}]&m*}uvnf; r&Sb d ;l ? ]&m*}
]&m*}uvnf; [dk qefu Y sif
buf&rdS S rde;f rawGu a,mufsm;awGvkdY ESv;kH roGi;f &bl;? rde;f rawGu a,mufsm;awGvYkd
ESv;kH oGi;f vdu k &f if &m*jzpfomG ;w,f/ a,mufsm;awGuvnf; rde;f rawGvkYd ESv;kH oGi;f
vdu k &f if [dk ]&m*} jzpfomG ;w,f/
þ[m½kyv
f Ykd qdv
k u
kd v
f &Ykd &dS if &m*r&Sad wmhb;l
tJ'&D m*u rde;f rawGu ]£w¬b d m0½ky}f ? a,mufsm;awGu ]yk&o d bm0½ky}f ?
]þ[m½ky}f vdYk qdv k u f &Ykd &dS if &m*r&Sad wmhb;l / tJ'gaMumifh ]0Dw&ma*g-
kd v &ma*g-&m*uif;w,f}?}?
0Dw&ma*g-&m*uif;w,fqakd wmh a0;a0;aeEdik w f maygh? tif; &m*ruif;bl;qdak wmh twl
wlaewmaygh? tJ tJv[ kd mrsKd ;? ] 0Dw&ma*
&ma*gg }qdpk rf; (0Dw&ma*g)? jrwfpmG bk&m; 0Dw&ma*g
&m*uif;w,f? bmjyKvYkd &m*uif;vJvYkd 'umBu;D wdu Yk rBub H ;l / jrwfpmG bk&m;usawmh
[dk awmxGuv f muwnf;u wpfcgwnf; eef;awmfuw kd pfcgrS ratmufarhawmhb;l wJ/h
tJ bk&m;jzpfcsiw f phJ w d uf ? awmxGuv f mw,f/ jrif;Bu;D pD;Ny;D awmh eef;awmfxu J
xGuv f mw,f/ &[ef;jyKw,f? ajcmufEpS f 'ku&ú p&d,musiw hf ,f/ tJ'g ,aom"&mwdYk
bmwdu Yk kd odyu
f tkd rSwrf &bl;wJ/h udik ;f tJovdk tJovd?k 'umBu;D wdq Yk w
kd m [dk rEÅav;
oGm;vnf; tdrftrSwf&? b,foGm;vnf; tdrftrSwf&? tJ'g bmjyKvdkYwkH;qdkawmh
]edur© yg&rD} ac:w,f/ wpfcgwnf; Zeuúrif;Bu;D jzpfwek ;f u wpfcgwnf; oD0vda'0D
uvnf; armifErS wpf0rf;uGu J ;kd / oD0vda'0Du t&d|Zeuú&UJ orD;? olu aygvZeuú&UJ

om;? Zeuúrif;om;/ aemufawmh [dk 'umrBu;D u vdu k v f u kd v f mw,f? awmxGuyf g
w,f? [m oluvnf; a&Smifajy;w,f? tJv[ kd m? Zeuú awmxGucf ef;xJrmS av/]ed ]edur©
yg&rD}? tJ r,m;uuif;w,f? tavhtusiahf wG jzpfvmw,f? bmjyKvYkd tJ'v D kd jzpfwmwk;H
qdak wmh yg&rDu tavhtusihf jzpfomG ;w,f/ wu,fvq Ykd kd tpm; qif;&Jw,f? tae
qif;&Jw,f/ [du k awmh eef;awmfuawmh tpm;vnf; rqif;&Jb;l ? taevnf; rqif;
&Jb;l / 'gayr,fh bk&m;ujzpfcsiw f ,f/ 'gaMumifh tJ'D tEktvStyawG udk tMurf;twrf;
eJY wpfcgwnf; vJomG ;&wm? tJ'aD wmh trSwrf &bl;/
tJ'g trSwrf &wmuvnf; tJ'w D ek ;f uwnf;u ]owå0g } r&Sb d ;l / aemufyikd ;f
usawmh ol Ak'*¨ ,ma&mufrS tJ 'ku&ú p&d,musiNhf y;D vdYk tJ'D vJNy;D wnf;u tif; 'Dvkd
rjzpfao;bl;? ighxufusiw hf hJ vlr&Sad wmhb;l ? 'D[m tusiq hf ;kH yJ olrv
Ykd Ykd raowmud;k ?
'Djh yif vlqakd orSmaygh? csuef YJ aemufausmeJY tJ'u D yfaewmyJ? tJ'g ajcmufEpS u f siw hf ,f/
aemuf &m* a'gorukeb f ;l qdw k mu avmb&,f? 'd|&d ,f? arm[&,f? tJ'g ]tmoa0g
w&m;} ac:w,f/ ]avmb&,f 'd|&d ,f arm[&,f}? tJ'g ]tmo0} ac:w,f/ tJ'gu
aAm"dyifusrS ukerf mS ud;k ? ]arm[}
]arm[}qdw k mu t0dZmÆ ? [dk ]t0dZmÆ ypö,mocFg&m} vdq Yk w kd mawG
rodb;l / usiw hf myJ? udavom ukev f rd rhf ,f/
'Dvykd ?J 'DcE¨mud, k Bf u;D rSm udavomawG &Sw d ,f/ tJ'v D kd tm;xkwv f u kd v f &Ykd &dS if
udavomawGukefvdrfhr,f? 'Dvdkxifwm/ ]vlawG} &Sdaeawmh tJ'D&m*u&Sdwmaygh?
vlawG&w dS mud;k / tJ'D ]vlawG} &Sw d ,fvx Ykd ifwm ]arm[}]arm[}vdYk ac:w,f/ ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfw,f/
vlawGyJ tm½Hjk yKw,f? rde;f uav;awGu a,mufsm;awG tm½Hjk yKw,f? tJ'grS &m*u
rukeb f ;l / oluusiahf yr,fh &m*urukeb f ;l ? ]t0dZmÆ }}r&Srd S &m*u ukew f ,f/ t0dZmÆ u
vljzpfaewm? ud, k u
hf ,
kd u f kd vlrjzpf&bl;? rde;f rvnf; rjzpf &bl;? a,mufsm;vnf;
rjzpf&bl;? ]½ky}f vdjYk zpf&rSm/
½kyt
f &dyf emrft&dyf uHt&dyf
tJ jrifv&Ykd &dS if ]0dnmPf}? [dt
k jyifbuf[mu ]t&dy}f - ½ky&f yd ?f tjyifu bmwk;H
(t&dyyf gbk&m;)/ uifr&meJY "mwfy½kH u kd v
f u
kd af wmh ½kyt
f &dyBf u;D txJxJ 0ifroGm;bl;vm;
(0ifomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)/ tJ rD;eJxY ;kd vduk af wmh ½kytf &dy?f rsupf jd rifwm bmwk;H ]½kyt f &dy}f ?
vlBu;D ? a,mufsm;Bu;D ? rde;f rBu;D vdYk rodvu kd bf ;l vm; (odvu kd yf gw,fb&k m;)/ tJ'g
]emrft&dy}f ? tJ'g bmt&dyw f ;Hk (emrft&dyyf gbk&m;)/ tJ odvu kd wf m emrft&dy?f tJ
olu acsmw,f? vSw,f? racsmbl;? rvSb;l ? qif;&Jw,fq&kd if bmt&dyw f ;Hk - ]uHt&dy}f ?
bmt&dyw f ;Hk (uHt&dyyf gbk&m;)/
[do k pfyifBu;D u t&dyx f uG o
f vd?k opfyifBu;D uawmh wpf&yd x f uG wf m? oluawmh
]oH;k &dy}f xGuw f ,f? b,fEpS &f yd f xGuw f ;Hk (oH;k &dyx
f uG yf gw,fb&k m;)/ rsupf x d 0J ifwmu
½kyt f &dy?f wu,fh ausmif;Bu;D ? x&HBu;D r[kwb f ;l / ausmif;Bu;D ? x&HBu;D &JUt&dyu f
rsufpdxJ0ifwm rD;jcpfqHacgif;avmufuav;&Sdw,f/ tJ'DrSm aZmufxdk;uav;yJ
xifw,f? aemufusrS wpfcg - &dyx f ifarSmifcef;? t&dyx f ifwhJ arSmifcef;xJu a[m[dk
a[m[dk teufBu;D ? tJ't D eufBu;D u [dx k u J [mawG jrif&w,f/ [dt k eufBu;D xJu
rSeb
f 'D Bkd u;D u a[m[dx k q
J kd [db
k &k m;Bu;D udk jrif&w,f? tJ'D tarSmifcef;Bu;D aygh aemufaph
rSmygw,f? aemufaphrmS ygawmh vlBu;D xifomG ;w,f? wu,fv h Bl u;D rSwof mG ;w,f/
]þ[monm}
]þ[monm}? vlBu;D rrSwb f ;l vm; (rSwyf gw,fb&k m;)/ ukvm;xdik v f aYkd &m rrSwf
bl;vm; (rSwyf gw,fb&k m;)/ ]onm} ]onm}vdYk rodb;l ? ]i ]igg }vdo
Yk ad wmh rSm;oGm;a&m? ukvm;xdik f
vdrYk w
S w f m bmwk;H (onmygbk&m;)/ jrifw,f a[m jrifwmu ]½kyt f &dy}f ? jrifwmu
bmwk;H (½kyt f &dyyf gbk&m;)/ ukvm;xdik v f Ykd rSwv
f ukd wf mu (onmygbk&m;)/ onmu
emrfr[kwb f ;l vm; ([kwyf gw,fb&k m;)/ ]emrf&yd }f ? ukvm;xdik u f bmwk;H ? emrf&yd /f
tzd;k rsm;rsm;ay;&awmh raumif;bl;vm; (aumif;ygw,fb&k m;)/ tzd;k enf;enf;
ay;awmh aumif;ao;vm; (raumif;ygbl;bk&m;)/ tJ ]uH&yd }f ? tzd;k rsm;rsm; ay;Edik w f mu
ydu
k q f &H w dS mud;k ? tJ'g uH&yd /f ]½ky&f yd ?f emrf&yd ?f uH&yd af y:vm tJ'g b,frmS vJ owå0g}g}?
tJ ]owå0g } r&Sad wmhrS arm[ r&Sad wmhb;l ? ]arm[} r&Sad wmh owå0gr&Sad wmh &m*u
rsupf v d nfomG ;w,f? ]&m*} u owå0g&Srd S jzpfwmud;k / &m*u owå0g&Srd jS zpfwm/arm[u
wpfcgwnf; r&Sad wmhb;l qdak wmh? tJ'&D m*u r&SEd ikd af wmhb;l ? [kwu f v
D &k m;)/ ]t&dyo
&dyrf &d UJ vm; (&dyrf yd gNyb f ;kH yg; em;rvnf *so D il ,f usm;pmjzpfw,f}/ usm;
qdwk mu avmb? a'go? arm[awGu usm;&JUtpmawG/ avmb? a'go? arm[
r&Sad wmh usm;tpmtjzpf rcH&bl;/ ] 0Dw&ma* &ma*gg } [dw k ek ;f uwnf;u &m*udk b,fvu kd ek f
atmifvyk &f r,fqw kd m rodb;l ? [m rodawmh awmxJxu G v
f nf; &m* atmufarhwm
ud;k / om;awGjrifwmaygh? 'Dvkd t&dyrf eS ;f rodb;l ? rsupf u d xifvu kd w f myJ? 'umBu;D wdYk
rsupf x d J 'Duv k m;xdik Bf u;D rxifb;l vm;(xifygw,fb&k m;)/ xifvYkd jrifwmaygh? [du k
tMunfr&S&d if xifao;ovm; (rxifawmhygbl;bk&m;)/ tJ'D ukvm;xdik Bf u;D vnf; [dx k J
0ifomG ;ovm; (r0ifygbl;bk&m;)/ t&dyyf 0J ifw,f? [dx k J bm0ifw;Hk (t&dyyf 0J ifygw,f
bk&m;)/ ]t&dy}f bmjyKv0Ykd ifw;Hk qdak wmh ]tvif;} &Sv d /Ykd
]t&dyf } bmjyKv0Ykd ifw;Hk (tvif;&Sv
d yYkd g bk&m;)/ tvif;&Sv d Ykd ]csy}f qdk tck rD;awG
vif;vmw,f? tck "mwfyakH wGu r[kwb f ;l vm; (wifyghb&k m;)/ tJ tJ'g opfyifBu;D ?
aeu ta&SUuxGuv f mawmh taemufbufrmS t&dyrf xifb;l vm; (xifygw,fb&k m;)/
opfyif&UJ t&dy?f opfyif&UJ t&dyu f b,frmS xifw;Hk ? ajrBu;D rSm xifw,f? opfyif&UJ t&dyu f
b,frmS xifw;kH (ajrBu;D rSmxifygw,fb&k m;)/ opfyifBu;D uawmh b,fot Yl &dywf ;Hk qdak wmh
]rsKd ;aph&UJ t&dy}f ? opfyifBu;D u b,fot Yl &dyw f ;Hk (rsKd ;aph&UJ t&dyyf gbk&m;)/
arm[r&Sad tmif vkyw
f Ó
hJ Pf
a[m ]o&ufrsKd ;aph} aMumifh o&ufyifBu;D jzpfvmw,f/ o&ufrsKd ;aphaMumifh
bmjzpfw;Hk (o&ufyifBu;D jzpfvmygw,fb&k m;)/ o&ufaphr&Sv d &Ykd &dS if o&ufyif ayguf
ao;ovm; (raygufygbl;bk&m;)/ ÓPf ÓPf? tJ'Ó D Pfu ]arm[} r&Sad tmifvyk w f hJ
ÓPf? ]ÓPf} qdw k m bmvky&f vJ (arm[r&Sad tmif vky&f ygw,fb&k m;)/ o&ufaphBu;D
aum ajrBu;D ay:rpdu k bf ;l ? ausmufcaJ y:pdu
k w f ,fq&kd if &Siaf o;vm; (r&Siyf gbl;bk&m;)/
tJ'o
D &ufaphvnf; b,fot f ;Hk qdak wmh ]yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,m}
Yl &dyw 0ga,m}?
tJ'D rsKd ;aphBu;D u "mwfav;yg;aMumifh rsKd ;aphBu;D jzpfvmw,f/ tJ'rD sKd ;aphu tmaygrsm;vdYk
o&ufo;D ucsKd w,f/ tmaygrsm;vdYk o&ufo;D u bmjzpfw;Hk (csKd ygw,fb&k m;)/ ]tmay ]tmaygg }
rsm;vdYk tJ'D o&ufyifav;u tcsKd yifav; aygufvmNy;D awmh ajrBu;D rSm ]t&dy}f xifw,f?
[kwu f v hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ csKd wm[m b,fot f ;Hk ]tmayg&JUt&dy}f ? tmaygqdw
Yl &dyw k m
jrif&&JUvm; (rjrif&ygbl;bk&m;)/ tJ'g t&dy?f ]½ky&f yd f }? tmaygqdw k mu tpdrk [kwv f m;?
rsm;&ifawmh pnf;vdyYk ?J rsm;&if bmvkyo f vJ (pnf;vdyYk gbk&m;)/ rQvYkd &S&d ifawmh bmjzpfw;Hk ?
zGv
YJ ?Ykd zGUJ pnf;wm? o&ufaphxrJ mS tmaygygw,f/ tJ'D tmayg t&dy?f o&ufaphBu;D
jzpfomG ;w,fw?hJ tmayg&dyu f bmjzpfw;Hk (o&ufaph jzpfomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)/
"mwf&yd f
tJ'g ]"mwf&yd }f r[kwv f m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ tJ'jD rif&wJ[ h mu "mwf&yd ?f ]"mwf}
qdw k m Nro
J vm; (rNryJ gbl;bk&m;)/ o&ufyifBu;D u bm"mwfw;Hk (tmayg"mwfyg bk&m;)/
Yk ]awaZm"mwf}? csOv
tif; a&SmufyifBu;D ? oHy&k myifBu;D wdu f &Ykd &dS if awaZm"mwf? csOv f Ykd
&Sd&if bm"mwfwkH; (awaZm"mwfygbk&m;)/ cg;vdkY&Sd&if ]0ga,m"mwf} ? cg;vdkY&Sd&if
bm"mwfw;Hk (0ga,m"mwfygbk&m;)/ Muuf[if;cg;oD;awG? rcg;bl;vm; (cg;ygw,f
bk&m;)/ tJ'g ]0ga,m"mwf}? 0ga,m"mwfuae bmjzpfoGm;wkH;? Muuf[if;cg;oD;
jzpfoGm;w,f/ Muuf[if;cg;oD;u bmjzpfwkH;? Muuf[if;cg;yif aygufoGm;w,f?
Muuf[if;cg;yifaygufawmh 0,frcsufbl;vm; (csufygw,fbk&m;)/ csufawmh [dk
pm;awmh vlBuD;jzpfoGm;w,f/ tJ'g Muuf[if;cg;oD;qdkwmu ]onm} ]onm}? Muuf[if;
cg;oD;qdw k mu bmwk;H (onmygbk&m;)/ cg;wmu bmwk;H (0ga,m"mwfygbk&m;)/
Muuf[if;cg;oD;qdw k mu bmwk;H (onmygbk&m;)/ ]þ[monm}]þ[monm}/
tJ'D ]cE¨mawG} jzpfNyq D &kd if t0dZmÆ wPSmaMumifjh zpfwm/ ]t&dy}f udk t&dyrf eS ;f
odNyv
D m; (odygNyb D &k m;)/ a,mufsm;awGqw kd m bmwk;H (t&dyyf gbk&m;)/ acsmw,f?
vSw,fqw kd m bmt&dyw f ;Hk ]uH&yd f }/ acsmw,f? vSw,fqw kd m bmwk;H (uH&yd yf gbk&m;)/
a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawGqw kd m bmawGw;Hk (emrf&yd yf gbk&m;)/ onm&Sv d Ykd emrf&yd ?f
olw&Ykd UJ yHBk u;D u ½ky&f yd ?f ]onm} u ]emrf&yd }f ? onmu bmwk;H (emrf&yd yf gbk&m;)/ acsmw,f?
vSw,fu bmwk;H (uH&yd yf gbk&m;)/ tJ uH&yd w f hJ tJvrkd w
S x f m;/
oaAÁ ocFg&m tedpmö

]½ky}f qdw
k mt&dy?f t&dyyf &J adS wmh ]tedrw d }å ? ]ocFg&u tedrw d }å ? tJvykd J t&dyf
r&Sb d ;l wJ?h ]tedrw d }å taumiftxnf qkw d [
hJ m? t&dyef rd w
d rf &Sb
d ;l ? [dk jzpfysuaf ewmyJ
&Sw
d ,fw?hJ bmwJw h ;Hk (jzpfysuaf ewmyJ&ydS gw,fb&k m;)/ 'gaMumifh ]oaAÁocFg&m tedpmö }
vdqYk wkd m? [kwu f v hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/
tJ'v D kd t&if;vdu k w f thJ cgrSm tJ'aD wmh tedpx ö rJ mS vlawG a,mufsm;awG

&Sad o;ovm; (r&Sad wmhygbl;bk&m;)/ tJ'gudk ]0Dwarma[m} arma[m}/ a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawG
r&Sdawmh &efjzpfao;vm; (rjzpfawmhygbl;bk&m;)/ ]0Dwa'gaom} a'gaom}/ a,mufsm;awG?
rde;f rawGr&Sad wmh &m*&Sad o;ovm; (r&Sad wmhygbl;bk&m;)/ ]0Dw&ma*g} &ma*g}/ ]]0D0Dw&ma*g?
0Dwa'gaom? 0Dwarma[m? tbD½?k tqrD?Ç tEkMwmoD tyvm,Dw}d / tJ ]tEkMwmoD}
u rvefw Y m ac:w,f/ acG;aemufuvdu k v
f m&if atmifr,fav; vefv Y ukd wf m? um;Bu;D
u wdkufr,fvkyfvnf; [,f vefYvdkufwm um;BuD;u tem;a&mufvm&if [,f
vefv Y u kd w f m? tJ'v D kd vefo
Y mG ;w,fw?hJ [kw&f UJ vm; (wifyghb&k m;)/
]&m*? a'go? arm[} arm[}? r&Sad wmh rvefb Y ;l ? rvefaY wmhaum aoawmh olpY w d xf rJ mS
&m*vnf;r&Sb d ;l ? a'govnf;r&Sb d ;l ? arm[vnf;r&Sad wmh aoawmh b,fa&mufomG ;wk;H
qdak wmh csKyo f mG ;w,f/ aoawmh b,fa&mufomG ;wk;H (csKyo f mG ;ygw,fb&k m;)/ bmjyKvYkd
csKyw f ;Hk qdak wmh avmbvnf;r&Sv d /Ykd
]0Dw&ma*g 0Dwa'gaom 0Dwarma[m arma[m}}? tJ ]0Dwarma[m}
arma[m}u ]vl}r&Sad tmif?
]t&dyf}r&Sdatmif vkyf&w,faemf/ ]jrifMum;ponhf BuHodorQ ocFg&u tedrdwå?
tedp{ö uef 'kur© eS o f nf ypöKyeÜ u f kd ½kyef mrfajym&} m&}/ uJ ]ypöKyeÜ u f kd ½kyef mrfajym&}m&}wJ?h
om;uav;qd&k if bmav;wk;H ]0dnmPf}? om;av; qd&k if bmav;wk;H (0dnmPfygbk&m;)/
bmcE¨mwkH; ]onmu©E¨m} (onmu©E¨mygbk&m;)/ tJ onmu©E¨m? onmu©E¨mudk
om;av;vdYk rac:bl;vm; (ac:ygw,fb&k m;)/ tJ'g bm&dyw f ;Hk ]emrf&yd }f ? om;av;u
ydu
k q f aH wGray;bl;vm; (ay;ygw,fb&k m;)/ ay;awmh oabmrusb;l vm; (oabmus
ygw,fb&k m;)/ tJ'g ]uH&yd }f ? bm&dyw f ;Hk (uH&yd yf gbk&m;)/ om;av;vdYk odwmu ]emrf&yd }f ?
olrY sucf u G u f av;xifwmu ]½ky&f yd }f r[kwb f ;l vm; ([kwyf gw,fb&k m;)? tJv/kd
]0Dw&ma*g? 0Dwa'gaom? 0Dwarma[m? tbD½}k ? ]tbD½}k qdw k m raMumuf
wmudk ac:w,f/ y&dowfxo J mG ;vnf; raMumufb;l ? awmxJomG ;vnf; raMumufb;l ?
rD;yHkxJqif;&ifa&m raMumufbl;/ rD;yHku [dkuvnf; rD;yHkBuD;? 'Duvnf; rD;yHkBuD;
r[kwb f ;l vm; ([kwyf gw,fb&k m;)/ ]awaZm} rygbl;vm; (ygygw,fb&k m;)/ [drk ;D yHx k J
a&mufomG ;awmh 'Dr;D yHBk u;D jzpfomG ;wmyJ? e*dw k nf;u rD;yHBk u;D r[kwb f ;l vm; ([kwyf gw,f
bk&m;)/ rD;yHt k csi;f csi;f aMumufao;vm; (raMumufygbl;bk&m;)/ tJ'v D kd ud,k u
f vnf;
rD;yHjk zpfatmif vky&f w,f/ ud, k u f vnf; aoewfjzpfatmifvyk &f w,f/ ud, k u
f vnf;
aoewf? [dkuvnf; aoewfqdkawmh a[m raMumufawmhbl;? raMumufatmif
ppfom;awGusawmh wpfcgwnf; 0D&, d xm;&w,f? acR;xGurf sm;rS aoG;xGuef nf;rSmud;k ?
&ifaumhxm;NyD; 0D&d,&Sdawmh raMumufawmhbl;? [dk aorSmvnf; raMumufbl;?
[kwu f v
hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ ighwikd ;f jynftwGuv f qYkd Nkd y;D t"d|mefjyKxm;awmh aorSmvnf;
raMumufawmhb;l ? aorSm raMumufayr,fh ]i ]igg }aorSmvdkYqdk&ifawmh? [dkwyfxJu
trdefYray;bJeJY [dkwyfxJu rxGufbJeJY wapäjzpfaew,f/ xrif;awGpm;vdkuf
a*smif;a*smif; a*smif;a*smif; vkyv f u kd ef ?YJ [kwuf v hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/
owå0g&Sad o;&if arm[&Sw
d ,f
tJ tJvo kd rd S edAmÁ efa&mufw,f/ tJ ppfom;vnf; tJ'D ]owå0g} r&Sb d ;l qdw k hJ
tod odxm;&if edAmÁ efa&mufw,f? [kw&f UJ vm; (wifyghb&k m;)/ ]owå0g} &Sw d ,fqkd
&m*? a'gor&Sb d ;l vm; (&Syd gw,fb&k m;)/ tJ'aD wmh ]0Dwarma[m} arma[m}? arm[uif;w,f
qdwk m arm[&S&d if 'Djh yif[mawGjzpfawmhwmaygh? arm[qdak wmh ]t0dZmÆ }}ac:w,f/
]t0dZmÆ eda&m"m ocFg&eda&ma"m} &ma"m}? tJ ]ocFg&} csKyo f mG ;w,f/ ]t0dZmÆ eda&m"m ocFg&
eda&ma"m} qdw k m Mum;aew,fq&kd if ]0Dwarma[m} arma[m}? 0Dwarma[meJY twlwyl ?J arm[u
[dk b,fMunfrh wk;H qd&k if ud, k [hf mud,
k Mf unf?h ud, k [
hf mud, k f acgif;em;jzpfjzpf? ESmacgif;em;
jzpfjzpfMunfh? tJ ]owå0g} &Sdao;vdkY&Sd&if ]arm[} &Sdw,f? owå0g&Sd&if bm&SdwkH;
(arm[&Sw d ,f)/ 'gaMumifh
]t0dZmÆ &Sd vlawG&dS vIy\ f pdwx f rJ mS ? t0dZmÆ r&Sd vlawGr&Sd Nird ;f \ pdwx f rJ mS }/
tJvkd csay;&wmu ]0Dwarma[m} jzpfatmifv?Ydk arm[uif;atmifv?Ykd arm[uif;&if?
t0dZmÆ uif;&ifvnf; edAmÁ efy/J
arm[uif;&if? t0dZmÆ uif;&if edAmÁ efyJ
]t0dZÆmeda&m"m ocFg&eda&ma"m? ocFg&eda&ma"m edAÁmeH}? a[m eda&m"
jzpfomG ;&if edAmÁ efjzpfomG ;w,f/ 0rf;xJrmS wpfem&D avmufxikd af e ]owå0gawG}&Sv d m;/
[dk azmif;vduk ?f ydev f u f yk af eayr,fh ]owå0g } &Sad e&if rjzpfb;l / azmif;vdu
kd v k ?f ydevf u kd f
vkyw f muvnf; owå0gr&Sad tmifvyk rf /S 'gaMumifh azmif;vdu k ?f ydev
f ukd vf yk w
f t hJ cg
owå0gr&Sad tmif vky&f w,f/ ]azmif;wmu ½ky?f odwmu emrf? ½kyef mrf}? ]£roð® -
þ½kyef mrfonf? owd - &Scd ahJ omf? £'H - þrsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm? ud, k ?f pdwo f nf?
a[mwd - jzpf\}/ tJ 'Dazmif;vdu k ?f ydevf u kd Bf u;D &Sv
d Ykd rsupf ad wG em;awGeYJ jrif& Mum;&wm?
vlaoaumif azmif;ao; ydeaf o;vm; (razmif;ydef ygbl;bk&m;)/ tJ'v D kd ÓPfe½YJ &I w,f?
ÓPferYJ ½I&if 'DaeYvnf; azmif;yde?f reufjzefvnf; azmif;yde?f tJvkd tJ azmif;ydev f nf;
r&Sb
d ;l ? owå0gvnf; r&Sbd ;l wJ?h tJvx kd ad tmifvyk rf S [kwu f v
hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ tJ'g
ÓPfaygh? bmwk;H (ÓPfygbk&m;)/ ]azmif;wm} u bmwk;H (½kyyf gbk&m;)/ ]odwm} u
bmwk;H (emrfygbk&m;)/ ]½kyef mrf} (½kyef mrf)/
azmif;wmu ½ky?f odwmu emrf? ½kyef mrf
tJ azmif;wJ?h ydew f [ hJ m &Sv
d &Ykd &dS if rsupf ad wG? em;awG&w dS ,fw/hJ azmif;wJh ydew f [ hJ m
&Sv
d &Ykd &dS if bm&Sw d ;Hk (rsupf ad wG? em;awG&ydS gw,fb&k m;)/ tJ vlaoaumif azmif;wm?
ydewf m &Sad o;ovm; (r&Sad wmhygbk&m;)/ olrY supf d jrif&ao;vm; (rjrifygbl;bk&m;)/
tJ tJvv kd nf; BuaH y;&w,f/ odrYk q Ykd v kd &Ykd &dS if bmjyKvYkd azmif;wmvnf;? bmBu;D xifw,f?
nmBu;D xifw,f jzpfomG ;a&m? [kwu f v hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ tckenf;u raumif;bl;vm;
(aumif;ygw,f bk&m;)/ azmif;wm? ydew f m bmvdv Yk yk &f wk;H qdak wmh azmif;wmu bmwk;H
(½kyyf gbk&m;)/ odwmubmwk;H (emrfygbk&m;)/ tJvkd azmif;wm ydew f m ½kyef mrfq&kd if
oGm;wmuvnf; ½ky?f xdik w f muvnf; bmwk;H (½kyyf gbk&m;)/ odwmu bmwk;H (emrfyg
bk&m;)/ rSww f [ hJ mawGu emrf? ]½kyef mrf}/
]£ro®ð - þ½kyef mrfonf? owd - &Scd ahJ omf? £' £'H - þrsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm?
ud,k ?f pdwo f nf? a[mwd - jzpf\}/ rsupf ad wG? em;awGjzpf&if bmawGw;Hk (emrf½yk yf g
bk&m;)/ emrf½yk af wG? rsupf ad wG? em;awG&&dS if bmawG&w dS ;Hk (emrf½yk af wG&ydS gw,fb&k m;)/
emrf½yk q f w kd m azmif;w,f? ydew f ,f r[kwv f m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ azmif;wm ydew f m&S&d if
rsupf ad wG? em;awG&w dS ,f/ azmif;w,f? ydew f ,f&&dS if bm&Sw d ;Hk (emrf½yk af wG&ydS gw,f
bk&m;)/ rsupf ad wG? em;awG&&dS if bmvdrYk w S &f rwk;H (emrf½yk v f Ykd rSw&f ygr,fb&k m;)/ uJ
]vlawG} &Sdao;ovm; (r&Sdawmhygbl;bk&m;)/ ]vlawG} r&Sd&if &m*&Sdao;ovm;
(r&Sad wmhygbl;bk&m;)/ a'goa&m &Sad o;ovm; (r&Sad wmhygbl;bk&m;)/ tJ'v D q kd &kd if
azmif;w,f ydew f ,f igajymovdrk w S &f if uJ yxrwef;raumif;bl;vm; (aumif;ygw,f
bk&m;)/ tJ'v D kd ]"r®mEkyóem} u yxrwef;jzpfw,fqw

kd m tJ't
D ay:rSm MunfNh y;D
odEikd w
f ,f? [kwu f v
azmif;ydev f nf; tedpö
]azmif;wm} u Nro J vm; (rNryJ gbl;bk&m;)/ ]rSww f m}m}ua&m NroJ vm; (rNryJ gbl;
bk&m;)/ olu ]jzpfysu}f rodb;l vm; (odygw,fb&k m;)/ tJ ]jzpfysu}f odv&Ykd &dS if ]t0dZmÆ }
r&Sb d ;l wJ?h tJ &ifacgif;udk tJovdk Munf&h w,f/ Adu k Bf u;D u azmif;oGm;w,f? ]azmif;}
NyD;awmh r&Sdawmhbl;? ]ydef} NyD;&ifvnf; r&Sdawmhbl; [kwfuJhvm; (wifyghbk&m;)/
azmif;w,fvYkd ]od} Ny;D vnf; r&Sad wmhb;l ? ydew f ,fvYkd ]od} Ny;D awmhvnf; r&Sad wmhb;l ?
r&Sw d m bmac:wk;H ? ]tedp}ö ? ][kwmG tbm0awm tedp}öH ? ][kwmG -jzpfNy;D í?? tbm0awm tbm0awm-
r&Sjd cif;aMumif?h tedpHö - tedprö nf\}/ jzpfNy;D &if r&Sw d mbmac:wk;H (tedpyö gbk&m;)/
tJ'D ]tedrw d å tedp{ö uef 'kur© eS o
f nf ypöKyeÜ uf kd ½kyef mrfajym&}? azmif;w,f? ydew f ,f
qdw k m ½kyef mrfw?hJ odwmuemrf? azmif;wmu½kyf r[kwb f ;l vm; (wifyghb&k m;)/ ]tedrw
d }å
qdw k m azmif;wmBu;D udk od½ykH o J &d w,f? [dk Adu k Bf u;D rxif&bl;? vIyw f myJ od&w,f?
]0ga,m} a&mufomG ;w,f/
azmif;w,f ydew f ,f qdw k m obm0opöm
]tedpö{uef 'ku©rSefonf ypöKyÜefudk ½kyfemrfajym&? y&rw¬opömoabm
ynmaZmyif}/ tJ'g ]obm0opöm} wJ?h azmif;w,f? ydew f ,fqw kd m ]obm0opöm}}?
vIyw
f m uav;yJo&d w,f/ Adu k af wG? rsucf uG af wG? bmawG ray:&bl;/ rsucf u G af wG
bmawGvnf; ray:bl;qdak wmh ]tedrw d }å jzpfomG ;w,f/ edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;w,fw?hJ
[kw&f UJ vm; (wifyghb&k m;)/ [m a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawG xifvu kd &f if rvefb
Y ;l vm;
(vefyY gw,fb&k m;)/ tJ vefaY wmh ]arm[} &Sad o;w,f? [kw&f UJ vm; (wifyghb&k m;)/
]0Dw&ma*g? 0Dwa'gaom? 0Dwarma[m? tbD½?k tqrÇ?D tEkMwmoD? tyvm,Dw}d ?
&m* a'go arm[awG r&Sv d &Ykd &dS if rvefaY wmhb;l rxdwaf wmhb;l ? Muufo;D arG;nif;vnf;
rxawmhb;l wJ/h [kwu f v
hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ uJ---awmfMutH;k pd/Yk
¸¸¸¸¸
]] cE¨mig;yg;odjim;u rSw&f aomwmyef w&m;awmf}}

11.12.2006
cE¨mig;yg;om &Sad eyg owå0g[k ac:&onf
&xm;uvnf; taqmuftOD;? tdraf wGuvnf; taqmuftOD;? olt Y aqmuf
tOD;eJY ol? ]taqmuftOD;om &Sad eyg? um;[kac:&onf}? ]taqmuftOD;om &Sad eyg?
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owå0g[kac:&onf? vl[k ac:&onf} / &xm;taqmuftOD;r&SdbJeJY &xm;[k
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tdrv f nf; 'Dvykd ?J tdrv
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tOD;om&Sad eyg? tdr[ f k ac:&onf}/
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ukwif? armfawmfum;? taqmuftOD;jzpfomG ;vdYk olu Y kd tdrtf aqmuftOD;udk tdrv f Ykd
ac:w,f? &xm;taqmuftOD;udk &xm;vdaYk c:w,f? um;taqmuftOD;udk um;vdYk
ac:w,f? uGeyf sLwmtaqmuftOD;udk uGeyf sLwmvdaYk c:w,f? tJvkd ac:w,f/ tJ
Y aqmuftOD;uawmh cE¨mig;yg;wJ/h ]cE¨mig;yg;om&Sad eyg owå0g[k ac:&onf}/
vlt
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bmwdu Yk awmh olu emrfr&Sad wmh opfom;taqmuftOD;? opfom;udk taqmuftOD;
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tOD;? [dk vSn;f awG bmawGusawmh taqmuftOD;eJyY J vluwufNy;D armif;oGm;a&m/
]taqmuftOD;om&Sad eyg um;[k ac:&onf}/ tJ'grSwx f m;? taqmuftOD; &Sw d mudk
taqmuftOD;u ajymif;vJomG ;awmh tac:ajymif;vJomG ;w,f/
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f jYkd zpfw;Hk qdak wmh tJ'D vlawGu vkyv
OwkZ½ky}f vdaYk c:w,f/ ]pdwyå pö,} pdwaf Mumifh Owkjzpfw[ hJ mudk Owku tom;awG?
tkwaf wG? bmawGqw k d m vlpY wd af Mumifjhzpfwh J taqmuftOD;udk tdrv f Y k d ac:w,f/ ]pdwyå pö,
OwkZ½ky}f ? oluwpfcw k nf;yJ? vlawGpw d ef YJ vkyx
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awGaygh/ a&SUaemufeo YJ mG ;wm um;oH? bD;xJx;kd wmu 0if½ ;kd ? vSn;f oH? um;oH? xrf;yd;k
usawmh EGm;uwmudk xrf;yd;k vdaYk c:w,f/ tJ't D aqmuftOD;&Sv d &Ykd &dS if vSn;f qdw
k m
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½kycf E¨mwpfyg; emrfcE¨mav;yg;

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armfawmfum;awG ½kyt f aqmuftOD;? ½kycf E¨mwpfcw k nf;aygh? owå0gawG? vlawGusawmh
]emrfcE¨m}}u av;yg;jzpfomG ;w,f? emrfcE¨mav;yg;? [du k ]½ky}f vdq Yk akd wmh r[mbkwf
av;yg;? Oyg'g½kyf ESpq f ,fah v;yg;? tJvq kd akd wmh ½kyEf pS qf ,f&h pS yf g; jzpfomG ;w,f/
vSn;f rSmvnf; tqif;wd?Yk toHw?Ykd teHw Y ?Ykd t&omwdYk &Sw d myJ/ tJ vSn;f rSmvnf;
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f mav;ayr,fh ]t|uvmyf½yk ½f pS yf g;}g;}ud;k / [dk ]ur®Z½kyaf wG} bmawGusawmh
&Spyf g;}/ xdik w
tJ'gawGu&Sad o;w,f/ rsupf ad wG? em;awG? ESmacgif;awG? tJ'g uvmyfig;yg;? £w¬b d m0?
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k m ½lyu©Em¨ ac:w,f/ ]0dnmPu©Em¨ } u aemufq;kH jzpfaew,f/ pifppf

½kycf E¨mqdw
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0dnmPu©Em¨ ? oH;k ckjzpfNy;D awmhrS zóqdw
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tJ'gcE¨mig;yg;udk ac:aewmu owå0g/ ]&Sw d mucE¨mig;yg; ac:wmuowå0g}g}? tJvkd
rSwxf m;? ]ac:wJ[ h m}m}udv
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acG; acG;vdu k wf ,fqakd wmh aMumufomG ;w,f/ acG;qdw k m ac:wm? &Sw d mu cE¨mig;yg;?
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tpG,rf ygwJh qifBu;D udk ][dik ;f }}vdaYk c:w,f? &m[kaygh? tpG,yf gwJh qifuawmh Ak'[ ¨ ;l /
wpfcgwnf; olaY wGUNyq D kd awmifBu;D qDomG ;Ny;D tpG,Bf u;D udk ESpx f m;&w,f? tJ
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em;u ausmufcBJ u;D udu k ikd Nf y;D awmh 0ke;f qdk acgif;Bu;D udak ygufcsvu kd af wmh acgif;Bu;D u
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qifBu;D u ab;Bu;D xd;k vdu k wf m aygufomG ;jyefa&m [m awmifatmufxJ vdrq hf if;oGm;

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qifoif;csKd i;f qdw k m &dwS ,fw?hJ tJ'D qifoif;csKd i;f qD vdu k o f mG ;vd&Yk &Sd if tpG,af wG&w,f?
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vlawGjzpfNy;D awmh aeawmh? vlawGrmS vnf; NrKd UawGrmS jzpfwhJ vlawG qd&k ifoufomw,f?
odrYk v
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vSvyS y Nird ;f Nird ;f csr;f csr;f raeEdik b f ;l ? ckvt
kd csed q
f vkd &Ykd &Sd if aps;oGm;&Ny?D ud, k rhf ygvd&Yk &Sd if
olrsm;qDu ,lNy;D a&mif;&w,f? [if;&Guaf &mif;? tJ'D tjrwfuav;eJY tdrrf mS qefav;0,f?
tJ'gav;udk csuNf y;D pm; tJ'v D akd ew,f/ ]cE¨mig;yg;} &dv S ?Ykd ]½kycf E¨m} &daS wmh xrif;u
rpm;bJ raeEdik b f ;l / xrif;pm;&w,f? xrif;pm;&½Hw k iG rf ubl;? zsm;wJeh mwJh tcgusawmh
aq;pm;&w,f? aq;vnf;xnfrh /S ½kyu f ]½lyu©Em¨ } ac:w,f/ ½lyu©Em¨ raumif;awmh
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vnf; emwmxJygoGm;w,f? Ny;D awmh ]ocFg&u©Em¨ } u jyKjyifw,f? tJ'g ]ocFg&u©Em¨ }
ac:w,f? odwmu ]0dnmPu©Em¨ }}? cE¨mig;yg;yJ/ uHEo k awåmwd yapöwd --b,f[mudk
owå0gvdaYk c:oenf;/ tJ'D ]cE¨mig;yg;udk owå0gvdaYk c:&wm} wJ/h ]&dw S m} uawmh
cE¨mig;yg;? ]ac:wm} uawmh owå0gvdYk ac:w,f/
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tJ'D ]owå0g} vdaYk c:wJh aemufvu kd Nf y;D awmh &m* a'gojzpfw,fw?hJ t&djS zpfwhJ
]cE¨mig;yg;} aemufvu kd &f if &m* a'go rjzpfb f ;l wh?J tJ'D ]cE¨mig;yg;} csKy&f if edAmÁ efa&muf
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jzpfomG ;Ny;D awmh &m*? a'goawG jzpfw,fw/hJ ]t&d}S u cE¨mig;yg;qdak wmh udavom
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jzpfw,fw?hJ uJ --- awmfMutH;k pd/Yk
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12.12.2006
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ac:w,f/ udavomawGuv kd nf; rm&frif;&JU ppfonfawGuv kd nf; EdrS ef if;xm;awmh?
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13.12 .2006
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17.12.2006
( q&mawmfb&k m;BuD;\ oufawmf - 85 ESpaf jrmufarG;aeY )
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19.12.2006
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awGjy? aemufus tdw k thJ &G,af wGjyvdu k af wmh? [dk ½kyu f 'Dtwdik ;f oGm;w,fqw kd m
jrwfpmG bk&m;u 'Dvakd jymwm/ ]þ[m½ky}f ? tJvq kd &kd w,f/
tJ oluY okd Ml unfNh y;D [m [dt k &ifwek ;f u acsmwke;f ursm; vSwek ;f ursm; ol[u kd
aeNy;D tJ'aD umifrav;udk ayGUcsiaf o;w,f? oleY m;rSm ,lNy;D ayGUvdu k af o;w,f/ tJ tJ
tJ'aD umifrav;udk [ked m;uae olUem;a&mufomG ;w,f/ tJ'gpdw?f pdwf zefqif;wm
[kwu f v hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)? avmuDqw kd m bmvkyw f mwk;H (pdweå rd w ®d ygbk&m;)/
]pdwåedrd®w? pdwåuw? pdwåocFg&? pdwåedr®dw}}? avmuDaumif;w,fqdkwm
tJ'pD w d u f zefqif;wmwJ/h avmuDaumif;w,fqw kd m bmwk;H (pdwu f zefqif;wmyg
bk&m;)/ tJ tJ pdwu f rvky&f if aumif;ao;vm; (raumif;ygbl;bk&m;)/ tJv[ kd mrsKd ;
pdwu f aumif;aeawmh aumif;aewm ac:w,f/ ]'Gg'omed -wpfq,fEh pS yf g;ukeaf om?
tm,wemed - tm,wewdu Yk ?kd tbdeE´wd - tvGeEf pS o

f uf\}/ 'umrBu;D wdu Yk kd
ajymwmr[kwb f ;l ? wpfq,fEh pS yf g;aom tm,weawG 'umrBu;D wdYk tJ'x D 0J ifomG ;Ny?D
[kwuf v
hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)? vlawGr[kwaf wmhb;l /
wpfq,fEh pS yf g;aom tm,weawGukd rESpo f uf&if edAmÁ efa&mufw,f
]'Gg'omed -wpfq,fEh pS yf g;ukeaf om? tm,wemed - tm,wewdu Yk ?kd tbdeE´w-d
tvGeEf pS o f uf\? tbd0'wd -tvGeo f abmus\? taZÑmom, wd|wd - pdw0f ifpm;
\}}? ]wpfq,fEh pS yf g;aom tm,wewdu Yk kd pdw0f ifpm;\} wJ/h
]w'g -xdt k cgü?? wPSm- wPSmonf? OyÜZÆwd - jzpf\? wPSmypö,mm-
wPSm[laomtaMumif;aMumif?h Oyg'geH- Oyg'gefonf? a[mwd - jzpf\? Oyg'geypö,mm-
Oyg'gef[al omtaMumif;aMumif?h ur®ba0g a0g-ur®b0onf? a[mwd-jzpf\? b0ypö,mm-
ur®b0[laom taMumif;aMumif?h Zmwd - pdwjf zpfjcif;onf? a[mwd - jzpf\}? tJvkd
]pdw}f u jzpfomG ;w,fw?hJ [kwu f v hJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)/ tJ'g ]tm,we} ]tm,we}udk ]pdw}f jzpfomG ;
wm/ ]wmed-xkdwpfq,fhESpfyg;ukefaom tm,wewdkYudk? embdeE´wd - rESpo f uf?
embd0'wd - oabmrus? eaZÑmom,wd|wd- pdwrf 0ifpm;? wó - xkyd *k K¾d vt f m;?
wPSm - wPSmonf? ed½Zk Ñwd - csKy\ f }/
wPSmeda&m"m Oyg'geeda&ma"m? Oyg'geeda&m"m b0eda&ma"m? b0eda&m"m
Zmwdead &ma"m? Zmwd eda&m"m Z&m r&PH? aomu y&da'0 'ku© a'greókyg,mom
ed½Zk sö E?Åd {0 arwó au0vó 'kuu © E© ó¨ eda&ma"m a[mwd/ tJ'w D pfq,fEh pS yf g;
aom tm,weawGukd tJ'v D rkd ESpo f ufbJ aevdu k v f &Ykd &Sd if edAmÁ efa&mufw,fwhJ ?
&dyrf Nd yv D m; (&dyrf yd gNybD &k m;)/ ]vlawG} r[kwb f ;l aemf/
½lyg½Hk o'´g½Hk ajcmuftm½Hk ac:wHk Am[d&m,we m,we/
rsupf ?d em;? ESm? vQm? ud, k ?f re ajcmuf'gG & ac:Mu tZÑwu åd m,we
m,we/
tJ'[D mawGukd ]rESpo f uf}vd&Yk &Sd if? ]Ni;D aiGU}}vd&Yk &Sd if tJ'g ]eda&m"opöm} jzpfomG ;
w,fw?hJ &dyrf Nd yv D m; (&dyrf yd gNyb D &k m;)/ uJ --- awmfMutH;k pdYk /
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20 .12 .2006
okca0'em
a0'emu a0'emwpfc?k tJ'aD 0'emu 'kua© wGa&m? Oayu©mawGa&m? a'greó
awGa&m&Sv d Ykd tJ'geJY uGjJ ym;atmifvYkd ]okcg, - okc jzpfaom}}? tJ'D - ]aom} av;wyfrS
aMomf 'kuv © nf;r[kw?f Oayu©mvnf; r[kw?f aMumufvefw Y mvnf; r[kw?f a'greó
vnf;r[kwf olu okcjzpfoud;k / ESpNf rKd Uwm? ]okcg,- g,-okcjzpfaom? a0'em,-
a0'em,-a0'emESi}hf ?
wpfcw k nf;&w,f? ]aom} eJq Y akd wmh *kPv
f nf; *kPu f av;eJY vlcsr;f om? csr;f omaomol?
tJ'g jynf0h w,f/ ]r&Sq d if;&J} qif;&J&if? r&SNd yq
D &kd if qif;&Jw,f? tJ tJ'v D rkd w
S x
f m;?
&Sw
d ,fqakd wmh jynf0h w,f? csr;f omw,f? aygrsm;w,f? 'Dvkd vlawG ac:Muw,f/ tJ'D
xJrmS csr;f omw,fqw kd m aygrsm;w,f? pdwu f jynf0h oGm;w,f? pdwu f zlvw kH ,f? olu
jynfNh zKd ;oGm;w,f? tJ'g ]okcg, - okcjzpfaom}} qd&k if t0ef;t0dik ;f ? tNct H &HawG *½kpukd f
&w,f? okcjzpfwm b,fvjkd zpfw;Hk ? okcu 'Dvykd J aumif;oGm;w,f? csr;f omw,f?
jynfNh zKd ;w,f? yDwd ESpo f ufp&mawGvnf; aygw,f? okcu tJ'v D kd jzpfw,f? okcu
tJ'v D jkd zpfwhJ a0'emyJ/
okca0'emESihf ,SOaf ompdwf
a0'emu - zóNy;D &if a0'emaygh? a0'emeJY ]orÜ,w k å - ,SOuf ek af om}}?
okca0'emeJY ,SOw f ,fw/hJ ]um,duokc} uwpfrsd K;? ]apwoduokc}}u wpfrsKd ;? ud, k ef YJ
wlwchJ sr;f om? pdwef w
YJ w
l hJ csr;f omcG&J w,f? 'grS ud, k cf sr;f om? pdwcf sr;f om tJ'rD mS jzpfwhJ
okcawGu ]okcjzpfaom} om}? pdwaf wG jynfNh zKd ;w,f? jynf0h w,f? aygrsm;w,f? olpY w d x f rJ mS
bmrSrvdkbl;? qif;&JolawGusawmh vdkcsifw,f? qif;&Jw,fqdkawmh ]r&Sdqif;&J}
tJ'vD akd c:w,f/ okca0'emawGu csr;f omw,fqakd wmh jynfph w kH ,f? tJ'gudk okc
ac:w,f/ tJ'D tJ'aD 0'emeJY orÜ,w k , f ek af omvdYk qd&k w,f? ]a0'em}
å OS u ]a0'em}u apwodu?f
],SOwf m}m}u pdw?f tJ'pD w d u f av;u wpfcgwnf; aumif;oGm;w,f? a& a&ZvHx k rJ mS
Munfaeovdak ygh? oluaumif;oGm;w,f? tm½Hu k vnf;aumif;oGm;vdaYk ygh? pdwu f vnf;
aumif;oGm;w,f? okcuvnf;aumif;oGm;w,f? a0'emu tJ'gaMumifh ]okcg,-
okcjzpfaom? a0'em,
a0'em,-a0'emESiw hf uG ,SOw f ,f}? okcu b,frmS jzpfowk;H qdak wmh
ud,
k rf mS jzpfw,f? um,duokc? um,0dnmPfpw d ?f ud, k rf mS csr;f omw,f? t&dyx f J
ae&w,f? tJ'Dvdk okceJY ,SOfwJhtcgusawmh aomreó - ]okc aomreó} aomreó}/

]ok|Kraem
aem- aumif;aom raempdw?f okraem aem-aumif;aompdw}f ? pdwaf umif;av;aygh?
]pdwaf umif; Munfvif} - pdwaf umif;qdw
k m Munfvifw,f? ]okc aomreó} ac:w,f/
]pdwaf umif; Munfvif} a&ZvHx k u
J a&vdyk ?J a&oefb
Y ;l xJu a&vdak yhg? tJ'v
D kd pdwMf unf
vifoGm;w,f/ tJ'g pdwfaumif;MunfvifoGm;w,f? aomreóvnf; jzpfw,f?
rsuEf mS u vnf;NyKH ;vmw,f? &,fvmw,f? ]ok|Kraem- aumif;aomraempdwo f nf?
aem-aumif;aompdw}f ? aumif;aompdwef aYJ evmawmh olua0'em jzpfomG ;w,f/
okraem
aumif;aompdw&f adS om yk*Kd¾ vf
],w¬ - tMuify*k Kd¾ vt f m;? okraem - aumif;aompdwo f nf}? tJ'D aumif;aom
pdw&f o dS u l sawmh yk*Kd¾ v&f w,f/ ],w¬ - tMuify*k Kd¾ vt f m;? okraem - aumif;aompdwf
onf? tw¬d -&S\ d / £wdwo®m - xdak umif;aompdw&f adS omowå&d adS omaMumif?h okraem aem-
okrernf\}/ t&ifwpfcsuu f okraem-aumif;aompdw?f aemufwpfcsuu f aumif;
aompdw&f adS omyk*Kd¾ v?f tJ'v D Ekd pS cf &k w,f/ aumif;aompdwu f wpfrsKd ;? aumif;aom
pdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ vuf wpfrsd K;? tJ'v D kd cGo J mG ;w,f/ t&ifaumif;aompdwcf sn;f yJ usawmh
pdwyf &J w,f? tJ'D pdwu f vnf; ½kyrf &Sb d eJ YJ pdwv
f nf; rjzpfEikd b
f u
J ?kd 'gaMumifh ]aumif;aom
pdw&f adS om yk*Kd¾ v}f tJ'v D jkd zpfomG ;w,f/ ]okreó - aumif;aompdw&f adS om yk*Kd¾ v\ f ?
bma0g - jzpfaMumif; jzpf&monf? bm0 - jzpfonf}/ tJ'v D kd bmjzpfvYkd aumif;aompdwf
&So
d wk;H qdak wmhrS wpfcgwnf; aumif;aompdw&f adS omyk*Kd¾ vjf 'yfukd ñTejf ywwfaom
]apwodu okcaomreó} ac:w,f/ ]rmeodu} uvnf; pdwüf jzpfwhJ a0'em&w,f?
aumif;aompdw&f adS om yk*Kd¾ vjf 'yfukd a[mjywwfaom - ]rmeodu okca0'em} a0'em}&w,f/
pdwaf umif;Munfvif 0rf;ajrmufvQif
]aumif;aompdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ v}f u tJ'rD mS ]pdw}f ü jzpfwhJ ]a0'em}
]a0'em}&w,f/ tJ'aD 0'em
aMumifh olrY mS pdwaf umif;av;jzpfaew,f? 'gaMumifh pdwaf umif;Ny;D MunfvifomG ;w,f?
]aomreó} jzpfwt hJ cgrSm - pdwaf umif;MunfvifNy;D awmh 0rf;ajrmufygw,fb&k m;/
'Du aumif;wmav;ajymvdu k af wmh [du k oabmusawmh vufcyk af wGw;D Muw,f?
tJ'g pdwfaumif;Munfvif 0rf;ajrmufwmjzpfoGm;w,f/ ]okreóbma0g} usrS
]aomreó} qdw k m jzpfomG ;w,f? tJ'g a0'emjzpfomG ;w,f/ aomreóeJY okceJu Y
D pkd yfvmw,f? ]ao
tJ'v mreó}
]aomreó}
mreó}qdw k mu ]aumif;aompdw&f adS om yk*Kd¾ vjf 'yf} udk ñTejf y
wwfw,f? ]rmeoduokca0em} ud&k w,f? tJ'aD 0'emav;u okca0'em? okca0'emeJY
,SOwf yhJ *k Kd¾ vq f akd wmh olrY mS aysm&f iT v f rYkd qH;k aygh? orm"dvnf; &Sw d ,f? csr;f vnf;csr;f om
w,f? ]ok|Kraem} qdak wmh csr;f omwJt h cgrSm orm"d&w dS ,f? qif;&JaewJt h cgrSm O'¨paö wG
jzpfaeawmh tukov kd af wGjzpfaevdYk olrY mS orm"dr&Sb d ;l wJ/h
aumif;aompdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ v?f okca0'em&Sw d hJ yk*Kd¾ vrf mS pdww f nfwwfw,fw?hJ
orm"d&w dS ,fw?hJ tJ'g ]{u*¾wm} &Sw d ,f/ ckewke;f u a&xJrmS prf;wJh ud&, d mav;vdyk /J
tJ'v D pkd rf;vdu k af wmh okca0'emxJrmS 'gawG&ydS govm;? ]a0'em, orÜ,w k "å r®m}
a0'emuawmh okca0'emcHpm;wmyJ? oleYJ orÜ,w k jf zpfwmawGuawmh orm"dawGa&m?
]rmeodum&awG} uvnf; aumif;w,f? ]0dwufawG} bmawGvnf;r&Sb d ;l ? tButH pnf
vnf;r&Sb d ;l ? csr;f csr;f omomav;ae&w,f? bmjzpfvw Ykd ;Hk qdak wmh orm"durS wnfwnf
h ehH YJ MunfMunfcefcY efeY jYJ zpfomG ;awmh ]a0'emeJ,
wHw Y OS w f hJ orÜ,w k w
å &m;awG}wJ?h orm"d
ac:w,f? orm"djzpfvmw,f? ]okca0'emeJ, Y OS w f hJ w&m;awG}yJ/
'kua© 0'emESi, hf OS af ompdwf
qif;&Jwo hJ al wGu aeylxaJ e&w,f? tdru f vnf; rvHw Yk vHek YJ rd;k a&xJae&w,f?
tJ'g ]um,du'ku}© ? Ny;D awmh 'kua© 0'emeJY ,SOw f whJ &m;awGusawmh ]'k|Kraem 'kraem}
]'k|Kraem - raumif;aom raempdwo f nf? 'kraem - raumif;aompdw}f qdrk aS wmh
pdwq f ;kd w,f? rmefq;kd w,f? tjypfjrifw,f ]'k|Kraem 'kraem} aem}? ]'kreó} u raumif;wJh
pdw&f adS om yk*Kd¾ vw f ?hJ yk*Kd¾ v&f w,f? ]a'greó} usrS raumif;aompdw&f w dS yhJ *k Kd¾ vjf 'yfukd
ñTejf ywwfw,f? olu pdwüf jzpfaom 'kua© 0'em&w,f/ ]'k|K - raumif;aom? raem raem-
pdwo f nf? 'kraem - raumif;aompdw/f ,w¬ - tMuify*k Kd¾ vt f m;? 'kraem - raumif;
aompdwo f nf? tw¬d - &S\ d / wo®m - xdaYk Mumif?h 'kraem - raumif;aompdw?f 'kreó eó-
raumif;aom pdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ v\ f ? bma0g - tjzpfonf? bm0 - jzpfonf}/ ]raumif;aom
pdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ v\f tjzpf} qdw k m bmvJqadk wmh raumif;pdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ vjf 'yfukd ñTejf ywwf
w,f? olu ]rmeodu 'ku©a0'em} udk&w,f/ raumif;aom pdwf&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfeJY
'kua© 0'emeJt Y wlwyl ?J ]'kum© , - 'kuj© zpfaom? a0'em, - a0'emESihf avsmn f aD om}}
raumif;aompdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ v&f w,f/ olrY mS a'greó a0'emawG? 'kua© 0'emawG
&Sw
d ,f/ tJ'gaMumifh olrY mS ? raumif;aompdw&f w dS hJ yk*Kd¾ vrf mS pdwq f ;kd rmefq;kd Bu;D eJY
jzpfNy;D awmh? qJvu kd w f m? bmjyKvu kd w
f meJ?Y &efjzpfvu kd w f meJ?Y vmcJu h mG eJY bmuGe?YJ
ppfjzpfw,fq&kd if raumif;wJph w d af wGe?YJ wdu
k w
f mawGe?YJ cdu k w f mawGe?YJ &efjzpfwm awGe?YJ
twdkuftcHawGeJY? raumif;wmawGjzpfaeNyDqdk&if raumif;wJhpdwf&SdwJh yk*¾dKvfwJh/

]raumif;wJhpdwf&SdwJh yk*¾dKvf}udk ñTefjywwfwJhpdwfüjzpfwJh ]'ku©a0'em} 0'em}udk &w,f/
raumif;wJph w d &f w
dS hJ yk*Kd¾ v[
f m b,fv[ dk mwk;H qdak wmh ]pdw}f üjzpfwhJ ]'kua© 0'em} &w,f/
a0'emu cHpm;w,f? b,frmS jzpfw;Hk qdak wmh pdwüf jzpfw,f? tJ'v D &kd w,f/ 'gudk
]pdw&f adS omvl} vdaYk c:w,f/ 'gaMumifh olraumif;wJph w d &f adS omyk*Kd¾ v?f bmjzpfvYdk pdwq f ;kd
wk;H ? vmcJu h G bmjzpfr,f nmjzpfr,fqw kd m? yk*Kd¾ vpf ½ku
d af wGukd wpfcgwnf;azmfNy;D qJjcif;
ayghav? olu vkyaf eawmh? yk*Kd¾ vo f wå0gawGukd olutm½kjH yKw,f/ ]pdwrf &Sad omvl}
usawmh tJ'D 'kua© 0'emawG r&Sb d ;l ? a'greóawG pdwq f ;kd wmawG r&Sb d ;l / 'Duawmh
yk*Kd¾ vf owå0gawGukd tm½krH jyKb;l ? yk*Kd¾ vo f wå0g r&Sb d ;l qdak wmh? tJ'rD mS wGif tJ'pD w d af wG
r&Sb d ;l ? tJ'v
D kd vkyjf ywwf&w,f/ tJ'pD w d af wGr&Sad wmh pdwaf umif;&S&d w,f? ]pdwaf umif;
Munfvif 0rf;ajrmufvQi}f jzpfomG ;w,f/
okca0'emESihf ,SOaf ompdw?f 'kua© 0'emESihf ,SOaf ompdwf cJjG crf; Edik &f r,f
]aomreó} qdw k m - pdwaf umif;MunfvifNy;D awmh abmyGaJ wG bmawGEikd Nf y?D
oabmusNyq D &kd if vufcyk af wG bmawG wD;oGm;w,f? aomreóac:w,f/ raumif;wJh
[musawmh ]a'greó} ac:w,f/ ]a'greó} qdak wmh pdwrf mS 'kua© 0'em &Sad e&if
raumif;bl;? pdwrf mS raumif;wJah 0'em,SO&f if ]a'greóa0'em} jzpfw,f/pdwrf mS
aumif;wJh a0'em,SO&f if ]aomreóa0'em} jzpfw,f/ tJ'v D kd a0'emeJY pdwef YJ uGmw,f/
raumif;wmeJY aumif;wmudk tJ'v D ckd v GJ u
kd wf ,fw?hJ raumif;wmrjzpf&if rqif;&Jb;l ?
a[m - qif;&Jw,fqakd wmh i&Jw?Ykd tyg,fwYkd tJ'v D qdk if;&Jw,f/ wu,fph w d af umif;&Sw d hJ
yk*Kd¾ vuf sawmh? tem*grdr*fzv kd af wGusawmh a'goawG xGupf &m&S&d if rxGub f ;l wJ?h
bmjzpfvw Ydk ;Hk qdak wmh olu tJ'v D pkd w d af wGukd 'gu ]'kua© 0'emeJY ,SOw f phJ w
d }f ? 'gu
]okca0'emeJY ,SOw f phJ w
d }f ? 'kua© 0'emeJY ,SOw f phJ w
d uf raumif;bl;qdak wmh raumif;rSe;f
odw,f/ raumif;rSe;f odawmh odw[ hJ mu ]0dZmÆ }}? 'Dawmh olrY mS raumif;w phJ w d rf jzpfb;l
wJ?h ud, k uhf , kd u f kd tJ'v D dk pdwx f rJ mS cJjG crf;&w,fw/hJ cGjJ crf;Edik Nf yqD &kd if ynm&Sd jzpfomG ;w,f/
tJ'v D kd ynm&Sad wG jzpfMuapukeo f wnf;/ uJ --- awmfMuOD;pd/Yk
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]] tm½ku
H o
kd d ruyfNid vGw\
f oHo&m w&m;awmf }}
21.12.2006
toufqw
kd m "r®oEÅwd
yx0D tmayg awaZm 0ga,mu pwm? tmayg 0ga,m? ]t'¨Kaem - &Snv f sm;
vSpmG aomumvud?k tpöa,e - ausmv f jzif}h ? ysuaf ewJh urÇmBu;D u wpfurÇm?
f eG o
wpfurÇmvH;k ysuaf ew,f/ wnfaewJh urÇmBu;D uvnf;? rd;k awG&mG Ny;D vdYk pJomG ;Ny;D pMu0Vm
wpfcv k ;kH [dk a&awG jynfah ew,f/ tJ'aD &awG jynfNh y;D wpfpwpfp te,fawG xkid Nf y;D awmh
a&usomG ;w,f? ajrBu;D a&mufatmifusomG ;w,f/ txufay: (13)rdik af vmufwuf
aewJha&awG? wpfurÇmavmufMumrSusoGm;w,f/ ]tm,kuyf}? q,fEpS w f ef;uae
toacFs,swef;a&mufatmif tJ'gudk tm,kuyf ac:w,f/ tm,kuyfav;uyfrS
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ysuw f myJ &Sad wmhw,f/ vlawG? a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawGeYJ Oyg'gefrpJv G &Ydk &dS if ]tEkyg'gef
vrf;pOf} vkaYd c:w,f/
r[mbkwo
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tJ'D 'DurÇmBu;D u yx0D? tmayg? awaZm? 0ga,mu bk&m;zefqif;w,fqw kd m
ud;k / bk&m;uvnf; aeawGrzefqif;cif opfyifawGzefqif;w,fqakd wmh tzefqif;u
rSm;oGm;w,f/ bmjzpfvv Ydk q
J akd wmh aeawG? vawG t&ifzefqif;rS? aea&mif va&mif&rdS S
opfyifawGu&Siw f mud;k / opfyif&iS w f mudk zeftyk af qmif;xJtyk v
f u kd af wmh avr&awmh
atmufqD*sifr&awmh wpfcgwnf; opfyifu n§dK;n§dK;oGm;yguvm;/ tJ'g olu
zefqif;wmu opfyifawG? awmawmifawG t&ifzefqif;vdu k af wmh aeu aemufrS
zefqif;awmh rSm;oGm;awmh avmu"mwfq&mBu;D awGu zefqif;wJb h &k m;udo

k yd rf ,Hb
k ;l /
tJ'gaMumifh Ak'a¨ *gwru cke yx0D? tmayg? awaZm? 0ga,m a&awGBu;D aew,f/
rD;awGavmifw,f/ wpfcgwnf; "mwfo;kH yg;aMumif?h a&awGBu;D wmvnf; "mwfo;kH yg;
aMumif?h rD;awGavmifwmvnf; "mwfo;kH yg;aMumif?h ajrBu;D yJwwnfwnf; wnfwhH
aew,f qdw k mvnf; "mwfo;kH yg;aMumif?h ]wdPEÖ éH r[mblwmeH y#dpö {uH r[mblw}H ud;k /
r[mbkwfoHk;yg;pJGNyD;awmh wpfckaom r[mbkwfjzpf&w,f/ wpfckaom
r[mbkwrf NDS y;D awmh oH;k ckaomr[mbkwjf zpf&w,fe?YJ y|mef;u tnrnwd?Yk o[Zmw
wdu
Yk vmawmh urÇmajrBu;D u a&? ajr? av? rD;aMumifh ol[ Y moljzpfwm? oH;k ck tBu;D
tao;vdu k Nf y;D awmh? tJ'gbk&m;u zefqif;vdu k w
f mu opfyifawG t&ifzefqif;vku d f
awmh aea&mif&rdS S opfyifutouf&iS w f ,f/ avmu"mwfq&mawGu opfyifuav;
zefaygif;acsmifeYJ tkyx f m;vdu
k af wmh avawG atmufq*D siaf wGr&vdYk opfyifav;udk
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wufomG ;w,f/ zefaygif;acsmifeYJ tkyx f m;wJt
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tJ'gaMumifh bk&m;u opfyifukd t&ifzefqif;w,f? opfyifawmawmif zefqif;
vdu
k wf ,fqakd wmh tJ'g tzefqif;rSm;oGm;w,f? odyq HÜ &mu awGUoGm;w,f? aeawG
vawGudk oluaemufrSzefqif;wmudk;/ owå0gawGu jA[®mawGqdkawmh t&if
a&uswmeJY a&mufvmw,f? a&awGu tMumBu;D Bu;D aeawmh oef&Y iS ;f Ny;D awmh tJ'D
a&awGu teHaY wGxu G vf mw,f/ ajrqDajrvTmawGu? a&TawGavmif? a&eHawGavmif?
ajrBu;D awGavmif? atmufq*D siaf wGavmif? rD;awGu tukeaf vmifwmud;k ? tukef
avmifawmh wpfcgwnf; arT;BuKd iof mG ;wm? tJ'D ajrBu;D teHu
Y [dk txufa&mufw,f/
t&ifwek ;f uawmh jA[®mBu;D awGupsmefe?YJ aumif;uifrmS usupf m; oGm;vmaewmygyJ?
aemufawmh tm½Hkig;yg;ay:vmawmhrS psmefavQmoGm;w,f? r&Sdawmhbl;? vlawG
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23.12.2006
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rSerf eS ½f LS ay; txGuef YJ t0ifreS rf eS ?f aq;½Hrk mS aq;xk;d wJt h cgusawmh? aq;emwJh
tcgusawmh rSerf eS ½f LS ? avrSerf eS ½f LS 'Dvckd ikd ;f w,f? [kww f ,f/ rSerf eS ½f LS &if oufomw,f?
atmifNh y;D awmh tHBuw d af er,fq&kd if emw,f? avrSerf eS &f LS awmh *Pef;a&w,f? wpf
ESpf oH;k av; ig;eJY tJv&kd LS vdu k ?f a&vdu k v f &Ykd &dS if avrSew f ,f? ig; ajcmuf &Spf ud;k
wpfq,fxad tmif txuf? wpfq,fxufyrkd &SL? ig;xufatmuf ravsmb h rJ eS rf eS &f LS wm?
aemufusawmh rqd&k awmhb;l ? txGut f 0if rSeo f mG ;w,f? tJ'g ]um,ocFg&} &}? um,
ocFg&xJukd olu ZD0qdNk y;D touf&w dS ,fvYkd xifw,f? ZD0qdw k m toufqakd wmh ]ynwf}
jzpfomG ;w,f/ toufqakd wmh txGuef YJ t0ifeYJ tpyfjzpfw,f? tJ'g touf&n S w f ,f?
]ZD0twå} ac:w,f/
umrm0p&pdwf
ukov kd pf wd &f pS yf g;? 0dygufpw d &f pS yf g;? Bu, d mpdw&f pS yf g;? &Spo f ;kH vD (24)? tJ'g
]umrm0p&pdw}f ac:w,f/ ukov kd pf wd &f pS yf g;? ukov kd jf zpf&ifvnf; tJ'D ukov kd f pdwef ?YJ
aomreóo[*kwf ÓPorÜ,w k f tocFg&dupdw?f aomreóo[*kwf ÓP
0dy,
Ü wk f tocFg&dupdw?f ]orÜ,w k ef YJ 0dy, Ü w k ef }YJ ? Oayu©mo[*kwf ÓPorÜ,w k ?f
av&SLaewm? yk*Kd¾ vaf wG owå0gawGrygrS ]ÓPorÜ,w k }f jzpfw,f? yk*Kd¾ vaf wG owå0g
awGyg&if ]ÓP0dy, Ü w k }f jzpfw,f? ukovm"r®m ukov kd of abmaygh? tJ'g &Sw d ,f/
aomreóo[*k w f ÓPorÜ , k w f tocF g &d u ? oocF g &d u ? aemuf w pf c g
aomreóo[*kwf ÓP0dy, Ü w k f tocFg&du? oocFg&duqdak wmhav;ckjzpfomG ;w,f/
aemufwpfcg Oayu©mo[*kwf ÓP0dy, Ü w k f tocFg&du oocFg&du? ]tocFg&du}}u
rwduk wf eG ;f bJejYJ zpfwm? ]oocFg&du} u wdu k wf eG ;f rSjzpfwm? ukov kd wf Ykd tukov kd wf Ykd
tJovd?k 0dygufuvnf;&Spyf g;? ukov kd f tukov kd f rjzpfv&Ykd &dS if 0dyguf? aomreó
o[*kwf ÓPorÜ,w k ?f ÓPfeYJ ,SOv f &Ykd &dS if yk*Kd¾ vaf wG owå0gawG rygbl;? ½kyaf wG
emrfawGukd ½Iw,f? ÓP0dy, Ü wk u f sawmh vlawG bmawG a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawG
½Iw,f? ½kyaf wG emrfawG r½Ib;l /
umraombPpdwf (24)yg; (umrm0p&pdw)f

1/ aomreó o[*kwf ÓPorÜ,w k f tocFg&dupdwf
2/ aomreó o[*kwf ÓPorÜ,w k f oocFg&dupdwf
3/ aomreó o[*kwf ÓP0dy, Ü w k f tocFg&dupdwf
4/ aomreó o[*kwf ÓP0dy, Ü w k f oocFg&dupdwf
5/ Oayu©m o[*kwf ÓPorÜ,w k f tocFg&dupdwf
6/ Oayu©m o[*kwf ÓPorÜ,w k f oocFg&dupdwf
7/ Oayu©m o[*kwf ÓP0dy, Ü w k f tocFg&dupdwf
8/ Oayu©m o[*kwf ÓP0dy, Ü w k f oocFg&dupdwf
ukovkd pf wd &f pS yf g; + 0dygufpw d &f pS yf g; + Bu, d mpdw&f pS yf g; = 24yg; (8 _ 3 = 24yg;)
ÓP0dy, Ü wk f tukov kd f avmuDuo kd m tm½Hjk yKpNr/J
ÓPorÜ,w k f tbdnmOf t&[wåzv kd Mf uOf tuket f m½kjH yKpNr/J
tukov
kd pf w
d f
a[m tukodkvfu avmbrlpdwf? aomreóo[*kwf? 'd|d*worÜ,kwf
'd|d*worÜ,kwfqdkwm ]igigolol vlyJ ewfyJ txifvGJvsuf} qdkwJh[mawGu
'd|*d worÜ,w k f ac:w,f/ ]rsupf }d eJY jrifw,f igig olo?l em;eJMY um;wmvnf; igigolo?l
tJ'g 'd|*d worÜ,w k f ac:w,f? 'd|*d w0dy, Ü wk uf vnf;av;ck? tJ tJ'gawG jzpfaew,f?
igig olov l Ykd rxife?YJ xif&if 'd|*d worÜ,w k f jzpfw,f? Ny;D awmh Oayu©mo[*kwf
'd|*d worÜ,w k ?f a[m tJ'g 'd|*d w0dy, Ü wk ?f tJ'g tukov kd u f &Spcf /k
avmbrlpw
d f &Spyf g;
1/ aomreóo[*kwf 'd|*d worÜ,w k f tocFg&dupdwf
2/ aomreóo[*kwf 'd|*d worÜ,w k f oocFg&dupdwf
3/ aomreóo[*kwf 'd|*d w0dy,Ü wk f tocFg&dupdwf
4/ aomreóo[*kwf 'd|*d w0dy,Ü wk f oocFg&dupdwf
5/ Oayu©mo[*kwf 'd|*d worÜ,wk f tocFg&dupdwf
6/ Oayu©mo[*kwf 'd|*d worÜ,w k f oocFg&dupdwf

7/ Oayu©mo[*kwf 'd|*d w0dy,
Ü w
k f tocFg&dupdwf
8/ Oayu©mo[*kwf 'd|*d w0dy,
Ü w
k f oocFg&dupdwf
]igig oloal wG}&Sad wmh a'greóawG a'goawG arm[awG &Sjd yefw,f/ tJ
avmbu igig olol &Sw d ,f ]'d|*d worÜ,w k }f ? ]'d|*d worÜ,w k }f &Sad wmh a'goawG
arm[awGuvnf; &Sv d mjyefw,f/ tJ'aD wmh a'gorlu ESpcf ?k arm[rlu ESpcf ?k ]arm[rl}
u O'¨pö 0dpu d pd mä ? ]a'gorl} uawmh a'greóo[*kwf y#dCorÜ,w k ?f olu a'goeJY
,SOw f ,f? a'goeJ, Y OS Nf y;D awmh tocFg&du oocFg&du vkyv f ukd u f mG ½duk v f ukd uf mG eJY
r½duk ef u
YJ mG ? olwum wdu k wf eG ;f rS ½du
k w f m&,f? olwum rwdu k w f eG ;f bJ ½du
k wf m&,f?
tJ'g a'greóo[*kwf y#dCorÜ,w k f tocFg&dupdw?f vufo;D eJx Y ;kd wm? xd;k vdu k uf mG
qdrk S xd;k wm&,f? xd;k vdu k u f mG rqdb k x J ;kd wm&,f? a'greóo[*kwf y#dCorÜ,w k ?f
]vlawG} qdw k mu ]arm[ arm[}}/
ykxZk Ofpw
d f
a'gorlpw
d f ESpyf g; 1/ a'greóo[*kwf y#dCorÜ,wk f tocFg&dupdwf
2/ a'greóo[*kwf y#dCorÜ,wk f oocFg&dupdwf
arm[rlpw
d f ESpyf g; 1/ Oayu©mo[*kwf 0dpu
d pd mä orÜ,wk pf w
d f
2/ Oayu©mo[*kwf O'¨pö orÜ,w k pf w
d f
igh[m,louG ol[ Y m,louGqw
kd mu avmb? avmb&,f? a'go&,f? vlawG
vdx
Yk ifwmu arm[&,f? tJ'gu tukov kd u
f (12)ck? (12)ckeYJ (16)ckeYJ aygif; (28)ck?
(28)ckeYJ (17)ckeYJ aygif; (45)/
tukov kd pf wd f avmbrl(8) + a'gorl(2) + arm[rl (2) = 12yg;
ukov kd pf wd f (8)yg; + 0dygufpw d f (8)yg; = 16yg;
t[dwpf w d f (17)yg; ([odwyk gÜ 'fpw d f ryg) = 17yg;
ykxZk Ofpw d f pkpak ygif; = 45yg;
ykxZk OfawG tJ'[ D mawGu? tJ'pD w D rJ mS ]0dygufpw
d af wGeYJ jzpfw,f? tJ'x d }f ?
xGuaf v0ifavudk jzpfapwwfwhJ pdwu f 0dygufpw d ?f raorcsi;f raobJev YJ nf; olu

a&SUb0awGeq YJ ufw,f? ]pdw}f qdak wmh olu ]od}aew,f? pdwq f akd wmh odaew,f?
vlaoaumifusawmh tJ'D odaewm r&Sb d ;l ? a[m tdyaf ewke;f vnf; odaewmyJ? tJ'D
vluawmh? acG;awGa&maygh? 0ufawGa&maygh? aorS aowmu 'Db0rSmom aowm
[dbk 0rSm raobl;/ tJvkd 'Db0eJY [db k 0? ]oów} qdw k m tJ'v D kd qufaew,f
Nrw
J ,fe?YJ a[m tckMum;w,f? tckysuw f ,f? tJvrkd ?S tckajymw,f? tckysuw f ,f?
tJvrkd sKd ;? ]jzpfw,f ysuwf ,f}? ]csr;f w,f}? csr;f wm ]jzpfw,f ysuw f ,f} yJ/
tómo yómom um,ocFg&m
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tJ'vD ykd ?J [dk pdwu
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tJ'gu ]um,ocFg&} ac:w,f/ ]tómo yómom um,ocFg&m} &m}? xGuaf v
0ifavudk ]um,ocFg&} ac:w,f/ ol&SdrS touf&Sifw,f? olr&Sd&if touf
r&Siaf wmhb;l / ud, k u f kd jyKjyifwwfww hJ &m;? tJ'g ]tómo yómo} ac:w,f?
xGuaf v0ifav? tJ'gudk ]ynwf}rygatmif&LS ae? a[m awmfawmfav;Mumawmh ynwf
rygawmh olu t&SLu rrSeb f eJ YJ &yfomG ;wwfw,f? ynwfuawmh tm½Hak ygh? xGuaf v
0ifavuvnf; ynwfy?J ]y&rwf} uawmh ae&mra&GUbl;? ]ae&m} ra&GUbJeYJ ysurf S
tJ'g y&rwfysu?f tomav;ukw?f ,m;vdu Yk w
k v
f u
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f ,f/
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qdkufab;&D;,m;? vufuav;awG? ESmacgif;av;awG? em;awGa<u a<uusw,f?
]awaZm} rD;? a&cJvykd ?J qdu k af b;&D;,m; wpfcgwnf; wpfuRe;f orm; awGq&kd if tJ'D
qdu
k af b;&D;,m;ydvYk u
dk wf ,f/ wpfcgwnf; vHak tmifae? rae&if ol[ Y mol tom;av;
awG a<u a<uuswmeJY aooGm;a&m/ wpfuRe;f orm;awG qdu k af b;&D;,m; ydvYk ukd &f if
aoukefa&m/ tJvdkyJavmuEÅ&dufi&Jqdkwm avmuBuD;&JUtMum;? avmuBuD;u
oydwBf u;D arSmufxm;ovdyk ?J awmif0if½;kd pGe;f ? ajrmuf0if½;kd pGe;f qdak wmh 'Duawmif0if
½dk;pGef;? [dkbufuRef;u ajrmuf0if½dk;pGef; oydwfBuD;oHk;vHk;arSmufxm;ovdk? tJ'D

tv,facgifu [dk atmufu a&awGcaH ew,f? tJ'aD &awGu aeawG ra&mufb;l ?
aeawGvawG ra&mufb;l ? arSmifv?Ykd tJ'g avmuEÅ& ac:w,f/ ]avmuEÅ&u d if &J}
tJ'rD mS wHwikd ;f Bu;D awGvakd ew,f? wHwikd ;f Bu;D awGumxm;ovd?k tJ'rD mS vuf0g;Bu;D
awGew YJ if? qGpJ &mr&Sb d ;l ? udik pf &mr&Sb
d ;l ? vuf0g;Bu;D eJY uyfNy;D awmh twif; uyfuw k f
aewm? awmfMum anmif;oGm;jyefawmh jyKwu f svu kd wf m tJ atmufu avmuBu;D udk
cHwahJ &awGxaJ &mufomG ;a&m? tJ qdu k af b;&D;,m;u a&vdyk ?J wpfcgwnf; jyKwjf yKwf
jyKwjf yKwef YJ ajcaxmufawG bmawGyg tukev f ;kH a<uus aoukeaf &m? r&Sad wmhb;l ? tJ
aemufwpfcg jyef&iS Nf y;D jyefNy;D awmh tJ'D wHwikd ;f Bu;D ay: wuf&jyefa&m/
tJvkd ]yÍömeEÅ&, d uH} awG vkyw f yhJ *k Kd¾ vaf wGrmS [dk 'DurÇmBu;D rD;avmif&ifawmifrS
tJ'u D rÇmudk ajymif;a&TUNy;D cHMuw,fw/hJ owå0gawG 'gaMumifh rrdu k &f bl;? rdu
k w
f ;l qdw
k mu
bmrSrodbJ rdu k w
f v hJ al wGuawmh vli,fawG (35)? Av'ou (35) (40) atmufrmS
rdu
k w f wfw,f? (40)ausmrf S enf;enf;oufomw,f? qifjcifwwfw,f? rde;f rawGvnf;
'Dvykd J i,fi,fqrkd u kd w f wfw,f? tom;awG taoG;awGu tm;ay;w,f? pdwu f vnf;
jrefw,f? Ny;D awmh 'Dvt kd Mum;tjrifvnf; r&Sb d ;l qdv k &Ykd &dS if ]ig}uvnf; xifao;w,f/
jrifw,f qifjcifw,f ukov

kd f tukov
kd f
]rsupf }d jrifw,f? ]ig}xifw,f? rsupf u d jrifNy;D &if ]raem}uvnf; a&mufomG ;
w,f? ]rsupf }d ujrif ]raem}u qifjcif? tJ'rD aemeJY rsupf u d igjrifNy;D &if rif;uqifjcif?
igqifjcifNy;D awmh rif;ujrifeYJ 'Dvkd wpfa,mufwpfa,muf tay;t,lawGr&Sb d ;l ?
]obm0}
]obm0}u rsupf jd rifNy;D &if qifjcifwmyJ? tJ'gbmjyKvw Ykd ;Hk qdak wmh ] edEw é må ? 'Gg&wåm}}wJ?h
]edEwé må - udik ;f ½SKd i;f onf\tjzpfaMumif}h ? jrifNy;D &if tJ'D qifjcifz?Ykd qifjcif&if ]raem}
jzpfomG ;Ny?D tukov kd vf nf;jzpfvu
kd wf ,f? tJ'guvnf; ]edEw é må }}? rd;k rd;k &Gmw,f qdv k &Ykd &dS if
a&awG[m tJ'aD tmufxq J if;oGm;w,f? tJ qif;oGm;w,f? tJvkd pD;usomG ; w,f? tJ
]edEw
é må } edrw
hf ahJ e&mpD;oGm;w,f? tJ'v D kd ]edEw
é må }}? ]'Gg&wåm} taygufuvnf; tJ'rD mS &Sad eawmh
]tayguf&SdwJh ae&mpD;aew,f}? a&wdkYvdk qDwdkYvdkaygh? NyD;awmh ]ork'gpdPÖwåm}
tavhtusiu hf vnf; jzpfaeNy?D ]jrifwm? qifjcifwm? ukov kd f tukov kd }f oH;k ck? pu©KeYJ
raem ? em;eJY raem? ESmacgif;eJY raem? vQmeJrY aem? ud, k ef rYJ aem? um,Bu;D eJY raem? tJ
raem a&mufa&mufoGm;w,f? tJ'g jzpfaeusrdkY? ]ork'gpm&} qdkwm jzpfaeus
tavhtusiv hf kd jzpfaew,f? tavhtusiv hf rkd jzpfatmif ]jrifw,f? qifjcifw,f?
ukovkd f tukov kd }f ? a[m ukov kd f tukov
kd u f ]raem0dnmPf} jzpfomG ;Ny?D jrifw,f?
qifjcifw,f? ukov kd f tukov
kd /f
rsupf u d jrif jrif½jkH rif? qifjcifraem jzpfownf;/
ukov kd f tukov kd jf zpfNyq
D kd olu Y kd raem0dnmPfrw
S /f
jrwfpmG bk&m;wdu Yk sawmh jrif jrifw,f? qifjcifw,fwifjzpfomG ;w,f? ukov kd f
tukodkvf rjzpfbl;? tJvdk ukodkvf tukodkvfra&muf&if ]raem0dnmPf} txd
ra&mufb;l ? tJvkd ]owdeo YJ rÜZOfe}YJ ? 'gaMumifh ]ukovmukovH Z[H - ukov
kd f tukov kd f
udv
k nf; pGewYf ,f}? pGeaYf wmhrS olwrYkd mS y#doaE¨raeawmhb;l /
vdck si&f ifavmb
tck vlawGusawmh ukov kd v f ,f? ]vdck si}f wJ[
f ckd siw h musawmh ]avmb} ygoGm;
w,f? ]vdck siw f m}m}uvnf; tJ'D edAmÁ efz?Ykd y#doaE¨raezd?Yk vdck siw f ,f qd&k ifaumif;w,f?
y#doaE¨raezd?Yk tmoa0gw&m;ukezf ?Ykd avmb 'd|d arm[ukezf ?Ykd tJvkd vdck si&f w,f?
ukov kd q
f &kd if? odrYk Ykd vlcsr;f om ewfcsr;f omqd&k if tJ'D arsmjyefa&m? awaZmjzpfvnf;
csr;f ? i&JawaZmu yl? i&JawaZmu at;/ avmuEÅ&u d f i&Juat;? [m jymyli&Juyl?
tJ'jD ymyli&J[mBu;D u um,okc &Sw d ,f? um,okcu [dk csr;f omw,f? tJ'cD sr;f om
wmu cHpm;oavmuf olwumh r,m;wdYk bmwd, Yk wl ,f olwumh r,m;eJY t0SmjyKw,f?
tJ'aD y;qyf&wm 'Ducsr;f omoavmuf tJ'iD &JrmS ylawmhwmyJ? ]ta<u; qyfwm}
ac:w,f/ [dkolaX;om;awG uóybk&m;vufxufu olaX;om;awG? olwumh
r,m;awGeyYJ J aewmyJ? ydu k q H aygawmh aemufusawmh tJ'D ]avm[ukr}DÇ wJ?h ]avm[}
f u
qdw
k m aMu;td;k ac:w,f? aMu;eDawG BuKd xm;wJ[ h mawGxJ tJ'gawGusomG ;wm/ 'Du
aumif;oavmuf [drk mS oGm;'kua© &mufw,f? vlwek ;f uaumif;oavmuf? vlwek ;f u
oluaumif;w,fvx Ykd ifwmud;k ? tJ'D rde;f rawGeYJ a,mufsm;awGeYJ aewmud?k tJvBkd u;D
aysmaf ewm? w[D;[D;w[m;[m;eJaY ygh? tJvykd w l ,f? ylaewm? tJ'g a<u;qyfw,f/
'kur© eS ;f odwt
hJ cg rvdck siaf wmhb;l
tckvnf; 'D ur®|mef;awG bmawG vkyw f ,f? xdik &f wmuvnf; anmif;w,f?
anmif;w,f? xrif;&Smpm;&wmvnf;? xrif;pm;&wmvnf; 0g;&wmuvnf; tMumBu;D
0g;rS wpfcgrsKd &w,f? 0g;w,f 0g;w,f 0g;wJNh y;D awmh rsKd w,f pm;csiw
f ,f pm;csiw f ,f?
pm;csiwf ,f Edu I w
f ,f vSr;f w,f? 0g;w,f 0g;w,f rsKd w,f? xrif;wpfvyk uf kd 'kua© wGu
awmfawmfrsm;wmud;k ? tJvkd 'kur© eS ;f odwt
hJ cgusawmhrS tJ'aD vmbbufu rvdck sif
awmhb;l ? tJovd/k
ckewke;f u (45) ck rlwnfNy;D awmh ukov kd u f &Spcf ?k 0dygufu&Spcf ?k tukov kd u
f
(12)ck? (12)ckeYJ (16) eJaY ygif;awmh (28)? tJ'g ukov kd ef YJ tukov kd uf (28)? t[dwf
(18)xJrmS [odwyk gÜ 'fu rjzpfb;l ? bk&m;rS jzpfw,f? (18)xJrmS wpfcak vsmv h ukd af wmh
(17)ck useaf wmhw,f? tJ'D (17) cku cke[meJaY ygif;vdu k af wmh (45) ckjzpfomG ;w,f?
(45) ckrmS ÓPorÜ,w k ?f 'd[
G w
d f Ekwv
f u
kd v
f &Ykd &dS if? ÓPorÜ,w k af v;ck Ekw&f if
wpfcgwnf; (41) yJ&adS wmhw,f/
tJ i&JawGbmawGusawmh ukov kd pf w
d &f pS cf Ek wk v
f ukd ?f [m 0dygufpw d f &Spcf k
Ekwv f ukd af wmh ruseaf wmhb;l ? tJ'[ D meJaY tmfNy;D a'gorlawGeYJ atmfNy;D ae&wm? ]a'gorl?
arm[rl}? uRwcf siw f ,f? tJ't D ylBu;D i&JBu;D rSvw G cf siw f ,f? olu tukov kd u
f H rukef
rcsi;f u rvGw&f bl;? vGwcf siw f ,fqkd avmbujzpfaeawmh [m pdwq f ;kd w,f? ]avmb
a'go arm[awG} eJcY sn;f aeawmh rvGwjf yefb;l ? wpfcgwnf; xyfxyfw;kd w,f? ESpw f ;kd
vdak ygh? axmifxrJ mS wpfcgwnf; axmifxu J sawmh aumif;aumif;raebl;? olwumh
[do k mG ;½du
k vf u kd f 'DomG ;½du
k v
f u kd ef ?YJ tJ'aD xmifxrJ mS vnf; wd;k w,f? tJvkd ESpw f ;kd vdYk
vGw&f ufr&So d vd?k i&J tJ'aD wG bmawGvnf; vGw&f ufr&Sb d ;l ? olwuYkd s 'kuj© zpfw,f?
vGw&f ufr&Sb d ;l /
wd&pämefeYJ i&Jua<u;qyfw,fac:w,f
wdvYk b
Yl u
kH sawmha[m wd&pämefbu kH sawmhvnf; tJ olwumh bmawG nmawGeYJ
qdak wmh a<u;awGbmawGeq YJ akd wmh tJ ]a<u;qyf&wJoh abm}
abm}? tJ jrif;awG? [dk &xm;awG?
jrif;&xm;awG? vSn;f awG EGm;awG ½ke;f &w,f? bmjyK&w,f qdw k mvnf; a<u;qyf&wJh
oabm? vlawGuawmh tJ'D uHaumif;av; axmufrNy;D awmh vlcsr;f omav; jzpfaewJh

oabm? tJ'gav;u tJ'aD tmuf ra&mufatmif? atmufa&mufomG ;&if ]wd&pämef} eJY
]i&J} u a<u;qyfw,f ac:w,f? tckvnf; tJovdyk J vluawmh enf;enf; oufomwJh
oabm? tukov kd af wG r&Sb d ;l ? 'd|ad wGqw kd mu vlawGr[kwb f ;l ? ukov kd f tukov kd f
0dyguf Bu, d mawG tJ'v D qkd rkd S ukov kd af wG? tukov kd af wG? vGwo f mG ;NyD vdqYk rkd S tJ
ok*wd 'k*w ¾ u d vGwo f mG ;wmud;k ? tJ'gudk ]t&d,m} vdaYk c:w,f/
]vdkcsifwm}m}vnf; *½kpdkuf&w,f? [dk i&Jjynfusawmh i&Ju vGwfcsifw,f?
tJvw G cf siaf yr,fh tukov kd uf uH rukeaf o; rvGw&f ? vGwcf siw f m rvGw&f awmh
a'goxGu?f i&JrmS tJ'D ]avmb a'go arm[} arm[}? vlawGrmS vnf; tJ'v D kd vGwcf siw f ,f?
avmb&Sjd yefvnf; rjzpfjyef? a'goawGjzpfjyef? arm[awGeYJ tJvkd avmb a'goawG
arm[awG rjzpfatmifae&w,fjyK&w,f? rsupf ed jYJ rifvnf; avmbawG? a'goawG
rjzpfatmif arm[uawmh owå0g? toufw?Ykd tJovd/k arm[? avmb? a'go?
r&&if pdwq f ;kd jyefw,f? avmb a'go arm[? tJ'gudu k ]ÓPorÜ,w k }f a[m ÓPfeYJ
,SOw f ,f? tJ ÓPfe, YJ OS of mG ;w,f? xGuaf v 0ifav a[m xGuaf v ]odw,f}? 0ifav
]odw,f}? tJ ]odwmu emrf}? ]xGuaf v 0ifavemrfEpS af wG}? emrfu ]emrf}? xGuaf v
0ifavu ]½k½ky}f ? a[m ]emrf½yk }f jzpfomG ;w,f? emrfjzpfomG ;w,f? xGuaf v 0ifavu?
]um,ocFg&} ac:w,f/
0dwuú 0dpm&m 0pDocFg&m
0dwuf 0dpm&awGuawmh ]0pDocFg&} &}ac:w,f? pum;ajymcsifw,f? 0dwuf
0dpm&u tm½Hak wGviG w hf ,f? tm½Hak wG a&mufa&mufomG ;w,f? tJ'g 0dwuf 0dpm&
ac:w,f? tJ'g bmjyKvw Ykd ;Hk qdak wmh pum;ajymcsiw f ,f? a[m tdref ;D em;csi;f ud, k t
hf rd f
wpfa,mufwnf;aeawmh ysi;f awmh tdref ;D em;csi;f qDtvnfomG ;w,f? oli,fcsi;f qD
tvnfomG ;w,f? bmjyKvYkd tvnfomG ;wk;H pum;ajymcsiv f ?Ykd tJ'g 0dwuf 0dpm&u
&Sad wmh pum;ajymcsiw f ,f? 0dwuf 0dpm&r&S&d if pum;rajymcsib f ;l / ]0dwuú 0dpm&m
0pDocFg&m}
&m}? yg;pyfu vIyv f yI f vIyv f yI ef YJ pum;ajymcsiw f ,f? ]0pDocFg&} u 0dwuf
0dpm& ac:w,f? ]ig}r[kw?f ]ocFg&} qd&k if t0dZmÆ aMumifjh zpfwmyJrw S /f ]t0dZmÆ ypö,m
ocFg&m}? a[m xGuaf v0ifavuvnf; um,ocFg&? ]tómo yómom um,
ocFg&m}&m}? bmjyKvYkd ]um,ocFg&} ac:owk;H qdak wmh wpfcgwnf; tJ'u D m,Bu;D udk
jzpfapwwfw?hJ xGuaf v 0ifav&Srd S um,jzpfw,f? aq;½Hrk mS vnf; tJ'D *Gr;f uav;eJY
ESmacgif;em;wdkY wdkYMunfhw,f? vIyfvIyfoGm;&if xGufav 0ifav &Sdao;w,f?
raoao;bl;? xGuaf v 0ifav r&Sb d ;l qd&k if q&m0efu acgif;&rf;w,f? tJ xGuaf v
0ifav r&Sad wmhb;l ? tJvrkd &Sad wmhwt hJ cgrSm xGuaf v 0ifavem; *½kpu kd af e? xGuaf v
0ifav csKyo f mG ;NyqD &kd if odwmvnf; csKyo f mG ;Ny?D 'Dem;wGif csKyo f mG ;w,fq&kd if ]edAmÁ ef}
a&mufomG ;w,f? odrYk v Ykd rYkd csKyb f ;l qd&k if 'Djh yifa&mufomG ;w,f/ tdrv f nfomG ;csif w,f?
tJ 0dwuf 0dpm&u pum;ajymcsiv f /Ykd
]0dwuú 0dpm&m 0pDocFg&m}? tdrv f nfomG ;csiw f ,fq&kd if tJ'D ESmacgif;em;rSm
pdwfr&Sdawmhbl;? pdwfr&Sdawmh tdrfvnfxGufoGm;w,fqdkawmh tJ[dk ae&mrSm
pum;ajymaew,f? ][Jh eif rESpu f aoygw,f}? ]at; [kww f ,f? tck eifvnf; aoNy}D ?
ESi;f arwdYk aorSe;f raorSe;f rodb;l ? 'Duab;uawmh *Gr;f uav;eJY cHMunfah wmh olrY mS
r&Sb
d ;l ? olu b,fa&mufomG ;wk;H qdak wmh 'Djh yif&mG xJa&mufomG ;w,f? rESpu f aowJv h el YJ
oGm;awGUw,f? tJ'g ESmacgif;em;u xGuo f mG ;vdYk tJ 0dwuf 0dpm&jzpfawmh tdrv f nf
oGm;vku d wf m tJ'aD &muf oGm;w,f? 'ghaMumifh rxGuaf peJ?Y ]xdrI odrI owdjyK} qdw k m/
tJvkd ESmacgif;em; wpfcgwnf;awhqw JG m? yGwq f wJG v hJ v l akd ygh yGwv f ;kH vkyw f m
[m wpfcgwnf; BuKd ;uav;eJaY tmufeif;vdu k &f if tJ'D 'kwu f av;u opfom;uvnf
w,f? tJ'aD e&mudk aqmufex YJ x d m;? aqmufex YJ od mG ;rS eif;vdu k af wmh? tJ acsmoGm;
w,f? tJ yGwq f w JG vhJ [l m xdwahJ e&mudk odxm;&w,f? ESmacgif;eJY aveJY xdwahJ e&mudk
od&w,f? ESmacgif;eJY aveJw Y ;kd awmh xdw,f? xdawmh owdjyKw,f? pGe;f vGe;f q&m
awmfBu;D tJ'D ]xdrI odr}I eJyY J edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;w,f? [ xdw,f xdw,f[eJY tJvkd
vky&f w,f? tm;eJb Y meJY tm;xnf&h w,f? OD;oef;a&T ajymovdk tm;xnfrh S 0D&, d
jzpfomG ;w,f? tm;rxnfb h eJ YJ qd&k if tJ't D rd vf nfxu G x f uG o f mG ;w,f pum;ajymcsiv f Ykd
tJv?kd tJ'g ]0dwuú 0dpm&m 0pDocFg&&m} m}m}/
onma0'em - pdwo å cFg&m
]onma0'em pdwo å cFg&m}
&m}? ]onma0'em
]onma0'em-onma0'emwdo Yk nf? pdwo
å cFg&m
&m-
pdwjf zpfatmif jyKjyifwwfuek \ f ? 0dwuú0pd m&m - 0dwuf0pd m&wdo
Yk nf? 0pDocFg&m -
pum;ajymatmif jyKwwfukef\? tómo yómom um,ocFg&m &m-xGufav

0ifavwdo Yk nf ud,k u f jkd yKjyifwwfuek \ f ? um,y#dA'¨g - ud, f }/xGuaf v
k Ef iS phf yfuek \
0ifavu ]um,y#dA'¨g}}wJ?h ]um,y#dA'¨g} qdw k m ud, k ef pYJ yfw,f qdak wmh? tJ xGuaf v
0ifavr&S&d if tJ'u D ,kd Bf u;D r&Sbd ;l wJ?h ud,
k q
f w kd mb,fow l ;Hk qdak wmh tJ'D ]xGuaf v
0ifav} wJ?h ]um,y#dA'¨g}}? ]0dwuf 0dpm&} uvnf; ]0pDy#dA'¨g}}? onma0'emuawmh
onmuawmh a[m b,fou l oli,fcsi;f u [do k il ,fcsi;f rub,fo?l ausmif;aebuf
bmeJt Y rSw&f w,f? b,foel YJ EIwq f ufz;l w,f? raeYu EIwq f ufw,f tJ'gonm?
a0'emu cHpm;wJah 0'em? tJ'D ]onm a0'em} &Sv d &Ykd &dS if ]pdwu f kd jyKjyifwwfw,f}wJ?h
]pdw}f &Sw
d ,f? ]onma0'em} r&S&d if ]pdw}f r&Sad wmhb;l ? tJvkd rSwx f m;/
]onma0'em}
]onma0'em}u bmocFg&wk;H (pdwo å cFg&ygbk&m;)/
]0dwuf0pd m&}
m&}u bmocFg&wk;H (0pDocFg&ygbk&m;)/
]xGuaf v 0ifav} bmocFg&wk;H (um,ocFg&ygbk&m;)?
at; tJvkd tJ'g ocFg&oH;k yg;? tJ'D ocFg&oH;k yg;udEk ikd rf /S
ud,
k af pmifph w
d f EIwaf pmifph w
d f pdwaf pmifph w
d f
]xGuaf v 0ifav} v}u bmeJpY yfw;Hk ? ud,k Bf u;D eJpY yfw,f? um,eJpY yfw,f? xGuaf v
0ifavubmeJpY yfw;Hk (um,eJY pyfygw,fb&k m;)? ]tómo tómo yómom um,ocFg&m &m}?
]um,y#dA'¨g--ud, k Ef iS phf yfw,f}? xGuaf v 0ifav&Sad wmh aoG;uvnf;wd;k w,f? touf
qdwk [ hJ muvnf;&Siw f ,f? ]ud,k af iGU&,f 0dnmPf&,f touf&,f}vd?Yk olu xGuaf v
0ifavygyJ? xGuaf v 0ifav&,f ud, k af iGU&,f/
tck ]xGuaf v 0ifav} v}udk jzpfapwwfwphJ w d &f ,f? ]ud, k af pmifph w
d }f bmapmifh
pdwf (ud, k af pmifph w d yf gbk&m;)/ 0dwufeYJ 0dpm&u ]EIwaf pmifph w d }f ? 0dwufeYJ 0dpm&ubmwk;H
(EIwaf pmifph w d yf gbk&m;)/ onmeJY a0'emu ]pdwaf pmifph w d }f ? ]onma0'em} u&S&d if
]pdw}f &Sw d ,f? onma0'em&S&d if pdw&f w dS ,fvrYkd wS x f m; [kwu f vhJ m;? ]onma0'em}
r&S&d if ]pdw}f r&Sad wmhb;l ? tJ'grS ]eda&m"ormywf}udk 0ifpm;wJyh *k Kd¾ vaf wGusawmh ]pdw}f
r&Sb d ;l ? ]pdwZå ½kyaf wG} csKyaf ew,f? ]xGuaf v 0i 0ifaf v}
v}aum csKyw f ,f? ]onm a0'em}
aumr&Sb d ;l ? tJ'v D kd csKyw f ,f? tJ'g eda&m"ormywfac:w,f/
]onma0'emawG} &Sw d ,fq&kd if ]pdw}f &Swd ,f? ]xGuaf v 0ifav} &S&d if ]ud, k }f &Sd
w,f? ]0dwuf 0dpm&} m&}&S&d if ]EIw}f &Sw
d ,f? ]'kw, d psmef}usawmh 0dwuf0pd m&r&Sb d ;l ? EIwrf &Sb
d ;l ?
]wkPb DS al wm}
wm}- r>rufoaH jc qdwq f wd Nf ird o
f ufaewJt h cgusawmh 0dwuf 0dpm& r&Sw d hJ
[mudak c:w,f? 0dwuf0pd m&r&S&d if pum;r&Sad wmhb;l ? 0dwuf 0dpm&r&S&d if bmr&Sad wmhw;kH
(pum;r&Sad wmhygbl;bk&m;)? pum;qdw k m 0dwuf0pd m&eJY BuBH uNH y;D ajymwm/
]0dwauúwmG 0dpma&wGm- Buí H ? pOf;pm;í? 0gpH- EIwu f ?dk edpmä a&wd- >rufq\ kd }
BuNH y;D awmh pnfNy;D awmh pum;ajymw,f? aeygtH;k [Jh aeygtH;k [J?h igpum; ajymygtH;k r,f/
bm[Jeh ?YJ olupum;ajymavmBu;D wmac:w,f? eifaeygtH;k igajymygtH;k r,fe?J Y tJ'gu
pum;ajymavmBu;D w,f? ajymygapqdNk y;D em;axmifae&w,f? em;axmifaerS ynm
&w,f? olwumh pum;em;axmifEikd &f if ynm&w,f? ud, k u
f csn;f yJajym&ifawmh ay;&
wmaygh? tJvrkd w S xf m;/
onma0'em&S&d if b0jzpfomG ;w,f

]xGuaf v 0ifav} &Sv d &Ykd &dS if ]ud,k }f &Swd ,f? xGuaf v 0ifav&Sv d &Ykd &dS ifbmwk;H
(ud,k &f ydS gw,fb&k m;)? tJ'u D , kd Bf u;D uav a[m a&oD;oGm;w,f? a&0ifvo JG mG ;w,f?
a&oD;oGm;w,fqw kd m toufur&SLEdik af wmhb;l ? tJ'aD e&musawmh rsuv f ;kH Bu;D jyL;Ny;D
awmh a[m wpfcgwnf; aooGm;w,f? xGuaf v 0ifav r&Sv d ?Ykd xGuaf v 0ifav?
[if;csuaf wGvnf; jiKyo f ;D ygwJh [if;csuu f kd aomufMunfv h &Ykd &dS ifvnf; oD;oGm;Nyq D &kd if
xGuaf v0ifav r&Sad wmhb;l ? r&S&d ifaooGm;&if [du k ESyd f 'DuqGJ xGuaf v0ifav jyefjzpf
atmifvyk &f wm Adu k u
f av;udEk ydS cf saD zmif;cseD v YJ yk ?f tqkwu f Ekd ydS cf saD zmif;cs?D xGuaf v
0ifavjzpfvmrS toufu &Siv f mawmhw,f? odrYk v Ykd &Ykd &dS if tJ'u D ,kd Bf u;D vnf; aoa&m?
tJ'x D uG af v 0ifavvnf;r&Sb d ;l ? ud, k af iGUBu;D uvnf; r&Sb d ;l ? a[m'D 0dnmPfuvnf;
r&Sb
d ;l / tJvkd 0dnmPf/
]Oo®m um,0dnmPH ,'gum,H Z[EÅrd }H wJ?h ud, k af iGU&,f? tJ'x
D u
G af v
0ifav&,f? tJ'0D nd mPf&,f r&Sb
d ;l qd&k if aooGm;w,fw?hJ aooGm;wJt h cgusawmh
onmu [m ighoil ,fcsi;f awGukd trSw&f w,f? tJvkd trSw&f wJt h cgusawmh onm
jzpfomG ;w,f/ onma0'em? trSw&f &if bmjzpfw;Hk (onma0'emygbk&m;)? ]onm
a0'em}
a0'em}u olubmocFg&wk;H (pdwo å cFg&ygbk&m;)/ ]pdwo
å cFg&}
&}qdw k m onma0'em
&Sw
d ahJ e&m tJ'D y#doaEäv;u a&mufomG ;w,f? bmav;a&mufomG ;wH;k (y#doaEäv;
a&mufomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'g ]b0} jzpfomG ;w,fac:w,f? tJv[ kd mawGukd od&w,f/
onma0'em r&S&d if b0rjzpf

'Dawmh ]b0}
]b0}rjzpfcsiv f &Ykd &dS if tJ'D ]onm a0'em}
a0'em}awGukd tedp?ö 'ku?© tewåeYJ
&Ivdkufawmh a[monma0'emjzpfao;vm; (rjzpfawmhygbl;bk&m;)/ ]rjzpf}awmh
b,fa&mufomG ;wk;H (edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? tJ tJvkd ]edAmÁ ef} a&mufcsiv f Ykd
&S&d if onma0'emudk tedp?ö 'ku?© tewåeUJ ½I/ tJ'g ]t0dZmÆ wPSm Oyg'gefaf wG} u
]onmjzpfaMumif;}}wJ/h ]þ[monm þ[monmjzpfaMumif;}/
]onma0'em pdwo å cFg&m}&m}? ]onma0'em
]onma0'em- onma0'emwkUd onf? pdwo å cFg&m &m-
pdwjf zpfatmif jyKjyifwwfuek \ f }? tJovdk rodawmhb;l qd&k if tJvkd ]b0} ]b0}oGm;wwfw,f?
'Dvo kd &d if ]b0} roGm;bl;? onmqdw k mu ighoil ,fcsi;f yJ&w dS ,f[m? ighaqGrsKd ;awGyJ
&Sw
d ,f? tJvo kd mG ;csiw f m? tcktrd w f pfa,mufwnf;aeawmh pum;ajymcsiw f ,f? pum;
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Ykd nf uyftyfaomuHonf}? ]uH}qdw
k m wPSm 'd|u d yfrS uHjzpfw,f?
]wPSm 'd|}d ryg&if uHrjzpfb;l ? uHrjzpf&iftusKd ; olwpfyg;owfw,f bmw,fqw kd m
uvnf; wPSm'd|?d tJ'D ]wPSm 'd|}d bmjyKvjYkd zpfowk;H qdak wmh jrifvjYkd zpfw,f? bmjyKvYkd
jzpfw;Hk (jrifvjYkd zpfygw,fb&k m;)/ jrifwmu tm½Hjk yKvYkd jrifwm/
wPSm 'dXw
d o
Ykd nf uyftyfaomuHonf
]tm½Hjk yKaomtm;jzifh wPSm 'd|w d o
Ykd nf uyftyfaomuHonf}? tJ'D ]tm½H}k
jyKrS um;armif;oGm;w,f? olwumhum;ausmw f ufomG ;w,fq&kd if tJvkd ]tm½H}k jyKvYkd
]uH} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]wPSm 'd|}d jzpfomG ;w,f? olu Y m; ud, k u hf m; jzpfomG ;w,f? olu Y m;
ud, k u hf m;qdw k mu ]wPSm 'd|}d ? ]tm½H}k jyKvu kd w f ,f? olu Y m;u a&SUu jzpfomG ;w,f?
ausmw f ufomG ;w,f? tJ'g tm½Hjk yKwm? ]tm½Hjk yKaomtm;jzifh wPSm 'd|w d oYkd nf}? tJ'g
olu Y m; ud, k u hf m; jzpfomG ;w,f? olr&S&d bl; ]I and You } yJ olu, kd qf w
kd m ] I You } yJ?
] I and You } yJ? igeJY igjrif w,f? I and YouyJ? I eJY you r&S& d bl;/
]rsupf u d jrif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw f &m;&}
&m;&}? olu Y m; ud, k u hf m; rvkyw f mudk ]rEdiI ;f
,SOb f ;l } vdaYk c:w,f? olu Y m; ud,k u hf m;vky&f if ]EdiI ;f ,SOw f ,f}ac:w,f? olu Y m;u
ausmw f ufw,f? ab;ujzwfNy;D awmh a&SUu jzwfu;l vdu k w f ,f? olujrefwmud;k ? 'Du
aES;aES;av;armif;aewm? [du k vnf; vGwv f rd rhf ,f xifNy;D awmh wpfcgwnf; jzwfcs
vdu k w f m 0ke;f qdak uGUvdu k w f m wpfvn S w hf nf;vSn&hf wm? tif; 'Duawmh tdtd tdted YJ
armif;wke;f [du k jzwfu;l oGm;w,f? tJ'rD mS pdwq f ;kd wm? olu Y m;ujzwfu;l w,f? ighum;udk
wdu k rf v d &Ykd &dS ifumG bmuGmeJY tJ'v D kd olu Y m; ud, k u hf m;vdYk ]EdiI ;f ,SO}f oGm;vd/Yk
]rsupf u
d jrif rEdiI ;f ,SO}f ? ]rEdiI ;f ,SOb f ;l } qdw k m olu Y m; ud,
k u
hf m;vdYk rEdiI ;f ,SOb f ;l vdYk
ac:w,f? jzwfausmw f ufwmvnf; r[kwb f ;l ? [dk ]0ga,m} yJ? ]½ky}f yJ? ]emrf½yk }f bmwk;H
(emrf½yk yf gbk&m;)? emrf½yk jf zpfwm [kwu f vhJ m; (wifyghb&k m;)? ]tod} u vdu k v
f u kd &f w,f?
'ghaMumifh ]odw,f? odw,f} eJY pGe;f vGe;f q&mawmfBu;D u EGm;ausmif;&if;? ,mxGe&f if;
rwfwwf? tJ'Dvdk tem*grfjzpfoGm;w,f? tem*grfjzpfNyD; ]armif&ifay:acsmuf}
a&mufawmhrS &[EÅmjzpfomG ;w,f? ]vl} wnf;uudu k tem*grfjzpfw,f? 'umBu;D
wdvYk nf; pdwrf qd;k &if tem*grfjzpfw,f? 'umrBu;D awGukd cspw f ,f rke;f w,f/ tJ Oayu©m
od&w,f? cspcf si&f if ]odw,f? odw,f} eJY tJ'v D vkd yk ?f uJ --- awmfMutH;k pd/Yk
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]]tm½Hak jcmufyg;wGif rESpo

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25.12.2006
emrfuñGww
f ,f
[dk tedp?ö O', 0, em;Mum;Ny;D awmh ]O',} u jzpfwm ]0,} ]0,}u ysuw f m?
tJ'g ]t'¨K0}}? ]t'¨K0} qdw k m rNrw J m? ]O', ]O',-jzpfwm}}? ]0,- ]0,-ysuw f m}}? ]O',}
]O',}u jzpfwm
odwÓ hJ Pf? ]0,}
]0,}u ysuw f modwÓ hJ Pf? xGuw f ahJ veJY odwmeJY ]emrf½yk }f ? xGuw f ahJ vu
]av}
]av}? odwmu ]emrf emrf}? ]emrfuñGww f ,f}? xGuaf v0ifavqD ñGww f ,f? azmif;w,f
ydew f ,f Adu k q f ñD w G wf ,f? ajconf;av;awG? ajconf; vufonf; tJvq kd kd qdMk unfh
ñGwrf eS ;f od&w,f? oGm;? a[m tJ'g emrfuav;awG ñGww f myJ? vufonf;? oGm;?
ta&? a[m ta&a&muf&if ajconf; vufonf;u emrfawG r&Sad wmhb;l ? ajconf;
vufonf;? oGm;? ta&? ajconf;qdw k m ]emrf} u ñGwo f mG ;w,f a&mufomG ;w,f?
]pdw}f u a&mufomG ;w,f? tJ'g 0dwufuav;awGaygh? 0dwuf 0dpm&av;awG? ajconf;?
oGm;? ta&? xdik w f ,f? xdw,f? xdwahJ e&mav; a&TUay;&ifvnf; tJ'gñGww f m? xdw,f
ycH;k xdw,f? vufarmif;xdw,f? wawmifqpfxw d ,f? vufzsm;xdw,f? ]xdw,f?
odw,f}? tJ'gav;awGu ]tedp}ö uav;awGaygh? 0dyóem odrYk [kwv f &Ykd &dS ifvnf; &ifcsKd i?hf
&ifcsKd ix hf m;w,fq&kd ifvnf; vIyv f yI f vIyv f yI ef /YJ
vufyw H ef;&ifcsKd ihf pdwu f pkd u
kd f ½Ivu kd f "mwfw&m;
'Gwo ðå mpHk &wemyH?k Munf½h kH a0blxm; m;/
]Munfh½Hka0blxm;} m;}? a0bluawmh Munfh½Hkuav;vkyfaewmeJY xGufvdkuf
arG;uwnf;u [m xGuv f u kd f 0ifvu kd ?f 0ifwm odw,f? tJ'D 0ifwmawG xGuw f mawGu
jzpfwmawG ysuw f mawGu ESyd pf ufwmudk ]'ku}© vdYk ac:w,f? rESyd pf ufygeJv Y Ykd qkawmif;vdYk
r&bl;? tJ'g ]tewå} vdaYk c:w,f? rdvEd r´ if;Bu;D u t&Sief m*odeu f kd ]t&Sib f &k m; edAmÁ efukd
b,fvdkvkyf&rwkH;}? ]eda&ma"memr edAÁmeH}? ]eda&ma"m- csKyfjcif;onf? edAÁmeHemr-
edAmÁ efrnf\}wJ?h ]t&Sib f &k m; csKyjf cif;onf edAmÁ efrnfw,f r[kwyf gvm;bk&m;}wJ?h
]xGuaf v} csKyo f mG ;w,f? ]odwmav;} csKyo f mG ;w,f? tJ'g ]bif} ucsKyw f m? ]eda&ma"m
eda&m"opö}H ? ]ededa&ma"m -csKyjf cif;onf? eda&m"opöH - eda&m"opöm rnfoavm}}? bifu
csKyw f m? csKyw f momrnfw,f/
tjyiftm,we twGi;f tm,we

]vlrdkufawG} [mwJh? ]tZÑwådum,we Am[d&m,we- tZÑwådu Am[d&
jzpfuek af om? tm,wae - tm,wewdüYk } wJ?h twGi;f ujzpfwm ]tZÑwu då } ac:w,f?
tjyifujzpfwm ]Am[d&} ac:w,f? tJ't D m,wewdüYk wJ?h ]tZÑwu då Am[d&} ESpyf g;?
tZÑwu då u ajcmufyg;? Am[d&uvnf; ajcmufyg;qdak wmh q,fEh pS yf g;? tJ'g tm,we
q,fEh pS yf g;ac:w,f? tJ'gwdüYk ]tbdeE´wd - tvGeEf pS o f ufw,f} wJ/h tm,we
ajcmufyg; - tjyifajcmufyg; twGi;f ajcmufyg; ? ]tjyif} u ½lyg,we? o'´g,we?
*E¨m,we? &om,we? azm|AÁm,we? "r®m,wevdaYk c:w,f? ajcmufyg;/ ]twGi;f }}u
pu©m,we? aomwm,we? Cmem,we? Zd0gS ,we? um,m,we? rem,wevdYk
ac:wJh ajcmufyg;/ ]Amvm - vlru kd w f o Ykd nf? tZÑwu då m,we Am[d&m,we - tZÑwu då
Am[d& jzpfuek af om? twGi;f tjyifü jzpfuek af om? tm,wae - tm,we wdüYk ?
tbdeE´wd- tvGeEf pS o f ufw,f} wJ?h tvGeEf pS o f ufw,f? ]tjyifbuf} ½lyg½Hk udk vnf;
tJ'D ESpo f ufw,f? ]twGi;f }}u rsupf ad wG em;awGuv kd nf; ESpof ufw,f? tJ'g *½kpu kd ?f
]tZÑwu då Am[d&jzpfuek af om tm,wewdüYk } ]tbdeE´wd - tvGeEf pS o f uf w,f}?
odyfrESpfoufeJY? tvGefESpfoufw,fqdkwm odyfESpfoufw,fqdkwmeJY twlwlyJ?
aysmw f ,f oluvnf; oabmusw,f ESpo f ufw,f/
]A[d'}¨ - ½lyg½Hk o'´g½Hek aYJ ygh? ]tZÑw}å rSmvnf; tvGef ESpo f ufw,f? A[d'u ¨ vkd nf;
tvGeEf pS o f ufw,f? twGi;f tZÑwu då m,we ajcmufyg;? tjyifAm[d&m,we ajcmuf
yg;ac:w,f/ cE¨mNy;D awmh tm,we? tJ'D tm,weudk vnf;cE¨mzGUJ &w,f? ]tZÑwu då
Am[d&m,wewdüYk }wJ?h ]tbdeE´wd - tvGeEf pS o f ufw,f} wJ?h ESpo f ufawmh ]wPSm}
jzpfw,fw?hJ ]Am[d&m,we} ½lyg½Hk o'´g½Hak wGuv kd nf; tvGef ESpo f ufw,f? ESpo f ufvYkd
&S&d ifawmh 'g ]wPSm}}jzpfwmyJ? wPSmjzpfv&Ykd &dS if ]Oyg'gef} jzpfwmyJ? Oyg'gef jzpfv&Ykd &dS if
]uH}jzpfwmyJ? uHjzpfv&Ykd &dS if [dk ]Zmwd} jzpfwmyJ? Zmwdjzpfv&Ykd &dS if ]Z&m r&P} jzpfwmyJ?
]aomu y&da'0awG} vnf;jzpfw,f? tZÑwu då Am[d&m,weudk ESpo f ufaevd/Yk
tm,werSe;f od&if rESpo f ufb;l
]y@dw--ynm&Sad omyk*Kd¾ vw Ykd nf? tZÑwu
f o då m,we Am[d&m,we -tZÑwu då ?
Am[d& jzpfuek af om? tm, wae
wae-tm,wewdüYk ? embdeE´wd - rESpo
tm,wae f ufb;l }/
tm,werSe;f odw,f/
'Du ]rsupf }d uvnf; tm,we? [du k ]½lyg½H}k uvnf; tm,weyJ/
'Du ]em;} uvnf; tm,we? [du k ]toH} uvnf; tm,weyJ/
'Du ]ESmacgif;} uvnf; tm,we? [du k ]teH}Y uvnf; tm,weyJ/
'Du ]vQm} uvnf; tm,we? [du k ]t&om} uvnf; tm,weyJ/
'Du ]ud, k }f uvnf; tm,we? [du k ]ud, k }f uvnf; tm,weyJ/
'Du ]re - pdw}f uvnf; tm,we? [du k ]"r®m½H}k uvnf; tm,weyJ/
tJvdk ]tm,we}
]tm,we}wdkYü odwJhtcgusawmh ]rESpfoufbl;}}wJh? tm,weudk
ESpo f ufwmr[kwb f ;l ? tm,weqd&k if rESpo f ufb;l ? ½lyg½Hk o'´g½Hak wGq&kd if ESpo f uf
w,f? rsupf ad wG? em;awGq&kd if ESpo f ufw,f? tJvq kd &kd w,f? rESpo f ufb;l qdv k &Ykd &dS if
a[m ]wPSm}}csKyw f ,f? ]wPSmeda&m"m? Oyg'ge eda&ma"m} &ma"m}wJ?h Oyg'gefcsKyw f ,f? ]Oyg'ge
eda&m"m ur®b0eda&ma"m? ur®b0eda&m"m Zmwdead &ma"m? Zmwdead &m"m Z&mr&P
eda&ma"m? Z&mr&P eda&m"m} &m"m}? a[m]aomu ]aomu y&da'0awG} a&m tukecf sKyu f ek af wmh
w,f? tJ'g ]eda&ma"m} ac:w,fw?hJ ]eda&m"edAmÁ ef} qdw k m tJ'[ D myJ/ ]rESpo f uf}&if
csKyNf y;D awmh? ]ESpo f uf}&if rcsKyb f ;l /
]tm½Hak jcmufyg;wGif ESpo f ufvQif þwGif AmvrSw}f ? tif; ]Amv} ]Amv}qdw k m vlru kd w f ?hJ
vlru kd af wG[mwJ?h tJ'D ]tm½Hak jcmufyg;} üvnf; ESpo f ufw,fw?hJ ]tZÑwu då m,we} -
rsupf ?d em;? ESmawGvnf; ESpo f ufw,fw?hJ t&Sib f &k m;wJ?h ]eda&ma"memr
&ma"memr-eda&ma"m
csKyfjcif;onf? edAÁmeHemr mr-edAÁmefrnfygovm;}}wJh? [kwfygw,fwJh? ]csKyfjcif;onf
edAmÁ efrnfygw,f}wJ?h ]b,fvekd Ad mÁ efrnfygovJ} qdak wmh vlru kd af wG[m ]tm½Hak jcmufyg;}
rSmvnf; ESpo f ufw,fw?hJ tJ'D rsupf ?d em;? ESm qdw k hJ ]tZÑwu då m,weajcmufyg;}
rSmvnf; ESpo f ufw,fw?hJ ESpo f ufv&Ykd v dS &Ykd &dS ifwhJ ]wPSm} jzpfw,fw?hJ wPSmjzpf&if
]Oyg'gef} jzpfw,fw?hJ Oyg'gefjzpf&if ]uH} jzpfw,fw?hJ tJ'gav;yJ? tZÑwu då m,wevnf;
jrifw,fvo Ykd mqdv k ukd ?f Mum;w,fvo Ykd m qdv k u kd ?f odyrf ESpo f ufe/YJ ½lyg½Hk o'´g½Hak wGukd
vnf; odyrf ESpo f ufe?YJ ]tbdeE´w-d tvGeEf pS o f uf\} vdq Yk w kd ,f? tm½Hak jcmufyg;udk
]tbdeE´wd - tvGeEf pS o f uf\} wJ?h tvGeEf pS o f ufw,fqakd wmhukd ]wPSm} jzpfw,f?
]wPSmypö,mOyg'geH Oyg'geypö,mba0g} vdq Yk w kd m jzpfomG ;w,f? twGi;f tm,we
ajcmufyg;? tjyiftm,weajcmufyg;? tif; tvGef ESpo f ufw,f? tjyifuawmh tm½Hk
ajcmufyg;aygh? 'DutwGi;f uawmh tZÑwu då ajcmufyg;aygh? tZÑwu då ajcmufyg;vnf;

rESpof ufe?YJ tvGerf ESpo tZÑwu
f ufe?YJ ]tZÑ då ajcmufyg;wGif ESpo f ufvQif þwGif AmvrSw}f ?
olu ]Amvm - vlru kd w
f oYkd nf} vdYk tJ'vD akd jymw,f? ]Amvm - vlru kd w f oYkd nf} qdak wmh
tjyiftm,weudv k nf; ESpo f ufw,f? twGi;f tm,weudv k nf; ESpo f ufw,f? tJ'D
f ufaevd&Yk &dS if ]wPSm} jzpfw,f? wPSmjzpf&if ]Oyg'gef} jzpfw,f? Oyg'gefjzpf&if
ESpo
]b0} jzpfw,fqw kd m rcsKyb f ;l wJ/h
tm½Hak jcmufyg;wGif rESpo f ufvQif þwGif y@dw
tJ'D tjyiftm,wewdüYk vnf; rESpo f ufb;l ? a[m rESpo f ufb;l qdw k m odyNf y;D
rvdu k pf m;bl;? tJ -tJvjkd zpfomG ;w,f? ]tm½Hak jcmufyg;wGif rESpo f ufvQif þwGif y@dw}?
]y@dw}}qdw k m ynm&S?d tjyiftm½Hk ajcmufyg;rSe;f odv?Ykd odyrf ESpo f ufb;l ? [kwu f v hJ m;
tm½Hak jcmufyg;rSe;f rod&if ESpo f ufw,f? tm½Hak jcmufyg;udk odyrf ESpo f ufb;l qd&k if
tm½Hak jcmufyg;rSe;f od&w,f? od&if odyrf ESpo f ufb;l ? odyrf ESpo f uf&if y@dwwJ?h ynm&Sd
ac:w,f? ]tm½Hak jcmufyg;wGif ESpo f ufvQif þwGif AmvrSw}f ? ESpo f ufv&Ykd &dS if vlru kd f
jzpfw,f? ud, k uhf ,
kd u f kd tm½kaH jcmufyg;rSm odyEf pS o f ufaeao;w,fqv kd &Ykd &dS if Amv
jzpfw,fw?hJ ]Amv} qdw k m rpOf;pm;wJ[ h m/
]tm½Hk ajcmufyg;} qdw k mvnf; ]½ky}f ? ]½ky}f qdak wmhtoHu ½ky?f teHv Y nf; ½ky?f
tqif;uvnf; ½ky?f ½kyq f akd wmh ]jzpfysu}f aew,f? ]t'¨K0} ac:w,f rNrb J ;l ? tm½Hk
ajcmufyg; ]Nrw J ,f} qdrk S ]twå} jzpfomG ;w,f/ ]twå} jzpfomG ;&if ]vlru kd }f jzpfomG ;w,f/
tm½Hak jcmufyg; ]rNrb J ;l }}vdq
Yk akd wmh ]tewå} jzpfomG ;w,f/ ]tewå} jzpfomG ;&if ]ynm&S}d
jzpfomG ;w,f? tm½kaH jcmufyg; tJvrkd w S ?f ]tjyifbufrmS ½kyo f m&S}d ? a[m ]½ky}f yJ? [dk ]toH}
qdwk mvnf; ]½ky}f yJ? a[m ]ysu}f oGm;Ny?D ]teH}Y uvnf; ]½ky}f yJ? wpf&LS yJcw H ,f? ½kyu f vnf;
]ysu}f oGm;Ny?D rsupf u d vnf; zGiw hf ek ;f yJ? jrifvukd wf ,f? Ny;D awmh ]ysu}f oGm;Ny?D t&omvnf;
'Dvykd ?J vQmay:wGif ]ysu}f oGm;Ny?D tJvkd ]½ky}f ? tjyifbufrmS [dk ½kyaf wG ½kyaf wGqw kd mu
rsupf w d pfrwdS v f Qyw f pfysuf rcHb;l ? tJvkd rNrb J ;l ? ]t'¨K0}}ac:w,f/
tjyifbufrmS ½kyo
f m&Sd ud,k ehf mrfu oGm;íod pdwrf mS zsuq f D;bd
tjyifbuf½yk ?f a[m ]tjyifbufrmS ½kyo
f m&Sd ud,k ehf mrfu oGm;íod}? ud,
k ehf mrfu
oGm;íodawmh b,foyl J b,f0gyJvYkd jzpfomG ;w,f? t&ufy?J pm;aomufqikd yf ?J aps;yJ?
aps;BuD;u olY[molaeawmh ]½kyfBuD;}}y?J pm;aomufqdkifBuD;uvnf; ]½kyfBuD;} yJ?
ud, k ehf mrfu pm;aomufqikd v f Ykd oGm;odawmh pm;p&mawG aomufp&mawG&w dS ,fvYkd

oGm;odvu kd af wmh pm;aomufqikd Bf u;D jzpfomG ;w,f? pifppfawmh ]½kyBf u;D } yJ? vlawGu
rvkyaf wmhvnf; xrif;yGJ [if;yGaJ wGu ol[ Y mol Nird af ew,f? pm;aomufqikd u f ]½kyBf u;D }}/
]tjyifbufrmS ½kyo f m&Sd ud, k ehf mrfuoGm;íod pdwrf mS zsuq f ;D bd}? [m 'g ]½ky}f ?
]emrf}? tJ'g ]tedp}ö vdq
'gu]emrf Yk v kd &Ykd if a[m zsuq f ;D ypfvu kd wf myJ? tJ'D zsuq f ;D ypfvu kd af wmh
]wPSm}}r&Sad wmhb;l / ]wPSmeda&m"m Oyg'geeda&ma"m? Oyg'geeda&m"m b0eda&ma"m?
b0eda&m"m Zmwdead &ma"m? Zmwdead &m"m Z&mr&P? aomu y&da'0 'ku© a'greó?
Oyg,mom ed½Zk Ñ EÅ/d {0arwó au0vó 'kuu © E© ó ¨ eda&ma"m a[mwd}? tJvkd
jzpfomG ;w,fw/hJ ]tjyifbufu½kyaf wG}? ½kyq f w kd mu ]jzpfysu}f Ny;D aewJh ]½kyaf wG}aygh?
[dk rD;cd;k av;vdk rD;Bu;D cJav; oGm;vufew YJ v Ykd u kd ?f tif qdk ylNy;D awmh csKyo f mG ;w,f?
vufuav; aemufqw k o f mG ;w,f? tNrw J rf; ylaew,fq&kd if tNrw J rf; 'kua© &mufae
w,f? i&Jusawmh tNrw J rf;ylaew,f? vuferYJ ;D oGm;xd;k ? 'Duawmh ylawmhaemufqw k f
w,f? rylawmhb;l ? i&Jusawmh vufeYJ xd;k xm;ovdk xd;k awmh cdik ;f ovdv k yk &f w,f?
a[m vkyv f u kd af wmh a[m ylvcYkd sn;f aew,f? tJ'g ]tZÑwu då m,we}
m,we}? [du k i&Jr;D u
tjyifbuf? tjyifbufi&Jr;D u ylwm&Sw d ,f? ylwm[m ]½ky}f ? i&Jqw kd mvnf; ]½ky}f yJ?
ewfjynfqw kd mvnf; ]½ky}f yJ? tJ aumif;vdu k w f m qdw k mvnf; ]½ky}f yJ/
]tjyifbufrmS ½kyo f m&Sd ud, k ehf mrfu oGm;íod pdwrf mS zsuq f ;D bd}? aMomf ]pdw}f u
'gr[kwb f ;l ? [d[ k mu ]½ky}f ? 'D[mu ]emrf}? emrfqNkd y;D awmh rESpo f ufyaJ evdu k v f &Ykd &dS if
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umreJY oGm;aygif;vdu k w f ,f/ 'gaMumifo h rYl mS ]umrpäE}´ &,f vdjYk zpfomG ;w,f/ wu,fvYkd
ukov kd ef oYJ m oGm;aygif;vdu k &f if ]ukovmqE´} qdNk y;D jzpfrmS aygh/ tJ'q D Eú umreJY
oGm;aygif;&w,f/ tJ'D umr[m bmwH;k vdq Yk akd wmh ]"ar®} wJh (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
ig\tZÑwo å EÅmefü umrpäEe´ 0D P &Sw
d ,f r&Sbd ;l
'Djh yifae&musawmh raemwJ?h ]reÍö yZmemwd "ar®p yZmemwd} qdak wmh ]yZmemwd}
qdw
k m od&w,fvYkd t"dymÜ ,fxu f ,f/ ]"ar®p- "r® tm½Hw
G w k u kd nf;? yZmemwd-
Ykd v
od\} wJ?h tckjzpfaewJh raemusawmh tJvo kd &d w,f/ ]ar- ig\? tZÑwHå - tZÑwå
oEÅmefü? umrpäaE´m- umrpäEo ´ nf? tw¬-d &S\ d /£wd£wd- þod?Yk yZmemwd- od\}/
]yZmemwd} qdak wmh bmjzpfomG ;owH;k qdak wmh ]ÓPf} eJ, f hJ ]raem} jzpfomG ;w,fwhJ
Y OS w
(rSefygbk&m;)/ tJ'gaMumifh ]umrpäEúdkodw,f? umrpäEúdkodw,f}vdkY qdkay;
(rSeyf gbk&m;)/ umr rygbJ qEóufoufukd od&ifvnf; omaumif;wmaygh/ ]umrygwJh
qE´}? ]umr rygwJh qE´}? Oyrm- aps;0,fomG ;csiw f ,f? ausmif;oGm;csiw f ,f? tvkyo f mG ;
csiw f ,f? tJ'v D kd qEáwmhoMd uw,f/tJ aps;0,f roGm;csiw f q hJ E´? tvkyrf oGm;csiw f hJ
qE´? umr*kPf rrS0D cJ siw f hJ qE´rsKd ;udu
k sawmh qE´&,fvYkd odyrf odMubl;wJh (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
tJ'q D Eúv kd nf; odatmifvYkd jrwfpmG bk&m;u ]ew¬d ar tZÑw}Hå / ]ar- ig\?
tZÑw-Hå tZÑwo å EÅmefü? umrpäaE´m- umrpäEo ´ nf? ew¬-d r&S}d ? umrjzpfwhJ pdw&f &dS if
&Sw
d ,fvo Ykd wd /hJ umrjzpfwhJ pdwrf &S&d if r&Sb d ;l vdo
Yk w d /hJ jzpfaewJh pdwo f EÅmefrmS jzpfaewJh
oabmtwdik ;f trSeo f d oday;ygwJh (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ]pdw}f rSmjzpfaewJh oabmw&m;wdik ;f
[m ]"r®}ygyJ/ ]"r®uv kd nf; od&r,f}/ olaY Mumifjh zpfwhJ ]oHa,mZOfuv kd nf; od&r,f}/
ud, k ohf EÅmefrmS jzpfr,f"h r®av;awG qEáv;awGukd ]ocFw"r®} vdaYk c:w,f/ tJ'"D r®av;
udk &nf&, G Nf y;D awmh ]£wd"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD} wJ/h ]oHa,mZOf}uawmh ]umr"r®awG}
jzpfomG ;w,f/ umrpäEN´ y;D awmh ]qE´&ma*g} ma*g}vdYk qdw k m&Sad o;w,f/ qE´rmS &m*ygvm
Ny;D jzpfw,f/ ]qE´&ma*g} ma*g}- tJ'q D E´&m*eJY ygvmwJq h Eúkd y,fvu kd af wmh ]qE´&m* y[meH
qE´&m* 0dea,m} vmjzpfw,f/
t&d, 0d[m&
]{wå qE´H 0d&mZdwmG ? {{0H0H 'kuH© yrkpw
ö }d / tJ'v D kd qEáwGvw G uf if;r,f qdv
k &Ykd &dS if
'kua© wGu vGwu f if;r,fw/hJ &m*udk tJv*kd ½kpu kd &f w,f/ 'gaMumifh ]£wd tZÑw0Hå g
"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd}/ tJ'v D akd er,fvYkd qdv k &Ykd &dS if ]t&d, 0d[m&D}wJ/h bmjzpfvYkd
wH;k qdak wmh ]tedóad wmp 0d[&wd} wJ?h ]tedóad wm- rrSrD í l ? 0d[&wd- aew,f}wJ/h
&m*awG qEáwGukd rrSb D aJ ew,fw?hJ tJ'v D akd ewm ]t&d,0d[m&} ac:w,fw/hJ t&d,m
yk*Kd¾ vwf \Ykd aejcif;yJw/hJ
jA[®0[
d m&
]rmwm,xm ed,yH w
k }å ? rdcifu om;orD;awGtay: tqd;k rjrifb;l ? q&mu
wynfah wGtay: tqd;k rjrifb;l wJ/h taumif;jrifw,faygh/ tJvkd owå0gawGtay:rSm

tqdk;rjrifbJ ½IvdkY&Sd&if rdcif½IwmrdsK;eJYwlvdkY tJ'gudk ]jA[®0d[m&}
m&}vdkY ac:w,f/
bmvdkYac:wHk; (jA[®0d[m&ygbk&m;)/ jA[®mBuD;aewJhyHkuJhodkY aewJhvlwJh/ tJ'Dvdk
aeEdik af tmifvnf; BuKd ;pm;Muyg/ b,fvykd jJ zpfjzpf olwumawGtay:rSm tqd;k rjrifbJ
taumif;yJjrifatmif BuKd ;pm;Muyg/
ig\tZÑwo å EÅmefü Asmyg'eD0P &Sw d ,f r&Sbd ;l
rdrud , kd u
f kd a'gojzpfatmif raeeJ/Y rdru d kd a'gojzpfv&Ykd &dS if ]oEÅH 0g oEÅH tZÑwHå
Asmyg'H? tZÑwHå Asmyg'H} vdq Yk akd y; (tZÑwåH Asmyg'H? tZÑwHå Asmyg'H)/ &if;ES;D atmif vdYk
qdck ikd ;f Munfw h m/ vlawG ygVdav;eJY &if;ES;D oGm;atmifv/Ykd [kwv f m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]oEÅH tZÑwHå Asmyg'H}? ]tZÑwH-å tZÑwo å EÅmefü}? tZÑwo å EÅmefq&kd if rsupf ad &m?
em;a&m? ESmacgif;a&m? vQma&mygw,f/ tJ'w D pfu, kd v f ;kH raema&mygw,f/ tm;vH;k [m
tZÑwaå wGy/J tm;vH;k bmwH;k (tZÑwaå wGygbk&m;)/ tZÑwu å kd bmrSe;f rodbJ aerSmpd;k vd/Yk
tZÑwq å w kd m wpfu, kd vf ;kH ? [kwu f v hJ m;/ tJ'D ]tZÑwå oEÅmefü}}wJ/h ]oEÅ-H xif&mS ;&Sad om?
Asmyg'H- Asmyg'ud}k ? tckawmh r&Sad o;bl;? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ]Asmyg} qdw k m
AsmygawG rsm;aew,f/ tvkyu f pd aö wG rsm;aew,faygh/ jrwfpmG bk&m;u tvkyu f pd aö wG
enf;& r,f? wm0efawG enf;&r,fw/hJ ]tyÜuad pömp} aygh/ olrY mS wm0efawGrsm;aer,f/
]AsmygawG} rsm;aer,fq&kd iforYl mS a'goawG rsm;aer,f/
'gaMumifh ]tZÑwHå- tZÑwo å EÅmefü? oEÅH- xif&mS ;&Sad om? Asmyg'H- Asmyg'ud}k
qdw k hJ tJ'D ]'H}uav;*½kpu kd &f w,f/ ]'H}uav;udk *½kpu kd &f w,f/ tJ'g tm½Hyk ?J bmtm½Hk
wH;k qdak wmh ]"ar®}wJ/h Asmyg'Hvnf;&w,f? "ar®vnf;&w,fw/hJ ]"ar®p yZmemwd} eJv Y nf;
rudkufbl;vm; (udkufygw,fbk&m;) ]"ar®}/ tJ'D ]"ar®av;} v;}udk odygqdkrodMubl;/
wpfcgwnf; qJcsifqJvdkufwmyJ/ qdkcsifqdkvdkufwmyJ/ aigufcsifaigufvkdufwmyJ?
[kww f ,frv Ykd m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ tJ'gaMumifh ]qJcsi½f o kH m qJcsiyf g rqJvu kd yf geJ?Y t0dZmÆ
aMumifo h m qJcsiw f m 0dZmÆ rqJcsi}f ? ]0dZmÆ O'yg'd? ÓPHO'yg'd} vdq Yk v
kd &Ykd &dS if rqJcsif
awmhb;l / t0dZmÆ aMumifh olq Y cJ siw f mjzpfwm/ tJ'D ]t0dZmÆ }}u b,fot Yl m½Hjk yKw;kH
qdv k &Ykd &dS if xif&mS ;r&Sw d hJ vlawG? a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawGukd tm½Hjk yKw,f/ ]t0dZmÆ }}u
b,fot Yl m½kjH yKw,f? xif&mS ;r&Sw d hJ vlawG? a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawGukd tm½Hjk yKw,f/
a,mufsm;? rde;f rawGukd tm½Hjk yKNyq D &kd if ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfNyv

D Ykd 'Dvo kd ?d [kwv
f m;(rSeyf gbk&m;)/
a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawGukd ud, k t hf m½Hx k J wpfcgwpfcg a&mufrvmbl;vm; (a&mufvm
ygw,fb&k m;)/ a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawGukd tm½Hjk yKNyv D qYkd &kd if uav;av;yJjzpfjzpf
b,foyYl jJ zpfjzpf t0dZmÆ jzpfNyv
D rYkd w S f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
"r®eYJ aeavh&o
dS nfqw
kd m
a,mufsm;av; rdef;uav;awGudk tm½HkjyKawmh? or®m'd|d rjzpfawmhbJ?
tJ't D 0dZmÆ u ]opömav;yg;} av;yg;}udk zH;k w,fvYkd qdw k maygh/ 'gaMumifh rdrw d oYkd EÅmefrmS a,mufsm;
awG rde;f rawGr&Sw d mudyk if ]"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd} wJ?h rdrw d oYkd EÅmefrmS a,mufsm;awG
rde;f rawGr&Sb d J aeaewmonfyif ]"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd}wJ/h "r®eYJ aew,fwhJ
(rSeyf gbk&m;)/ "r®eYJ aeavh&o dS nfjzpfíqdw k m tJ'gyk*Kd¾ v&f w,f/ ]"r®mEkyóD}qd&k if
]yk*Kd¾ v}f &w,f/ ]"r®mEkyóem} óem}qd&k if ]ÓPf} &w,faemf (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]"r®mEkyóem½IyakH v;} u ighpw d rf mS raemrSm a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawGerYJ ae&if
]0dZmÆ }}aygh? ae&ifo[ l m ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfomG ;Nyv D Ykd tJv½kd /I tJ']t0d
D]t0dZmÆ }}u bmjyKvjYkd zpfw;kH
qdak wmh a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawGeaYJ evdYk t0dZmÆ jzpfomG ;wm (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]yk*Kd¾ vrf yg "r®om "r®pu©Kjzpfownf;} qd&k if yk*Kd¾ vo f wå0gr&Sb d ;l ? r&Sad wmh
bm&So d vJqakd wmh "r®oufoufy&J w dS ,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)? yk*Kd¾ vrf ygbJeYJ 'D]yx0D ]yx0D zó}
av;yJ ½Iae&ifawmh wpfcgwnf; tJ't D 0dZmÆ [m ]0dZmÆ Bu;D } jzpfomG ;w,f/ tJ't D 0dZmÆ [m
bmjzpfomG ;wH;k (0dZmÆ jzpfomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)/ ]0dZmÆ ÓPf} jzpfawmh qJaumqJcsiaf o;vm;
(rqJcsifawmhygbk&m;)/ rqJcsifawmh&if tem*grfjzpfoGm;NyD;awmh ok'¨g0gobHkudk
a&mufomG ;w,f/ tJ'g yxrwef;w&m;awGukd em,l&vdYk tJvrkd w S x f m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd}? tJ'Dvdk ]"ar®okeJY "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd}vdkY
qdvk u kd &f ifyJ tvGex f ;l qef; jrifjh rwfomG ;w,fwhJ (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ 'gaMumifh ud, k u
hf ,kd uf kd
]"r®mEkyóD} jzpfatmifvyk rf ,f/ tJ'D ]"r®mEkyóD}u bmjzpfw;kH qdak wmh "r®mEkyóem
&Sv
d jYkd zpfwm/ "r®mEkyóD bmjyKvjYkd zpfw;kH ("r®mEkyóem&Sv d yYkd gbk&m;)/ ]"r®mEkyóem}
qdw k mu bmwH;k (ÓPfygbk&m;)/ ]"r®mEkyóD}u bmwH;k (yk*Kd¾ vyf gbk&m;)/ tJ'v D kd
*½kpu kd &f r,f/ tJovdk od&r,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]Asmyg'}r&Sb
d ;l qdw
k meJY ]tZmwH} rjzpfb;l qdw
k meJw
Y w
l ,f
Ny;D awmh jrefrmvdk ]Asmyg'&Sod vm;}? ]Asmyg'r&Sb d ;l vm;}? r&S&d ifb,fEh , S af er,f/
Nidrfaer,f/ ]Asmyg'} r&Sdbl;qdk&ifNidrfaer,f/ tJ']Asmyg'} ]Asmyg'} dbl;qdkwmeJY ]tZmwH}
D]Asmyg'}r&S
rjzpfb;l qdw k meJY wlw,f? [kwu f v hJ m;? ]tZmwH? tuwH} qdw k mawG rodb;l vm;/
t"dygÜ ,fu jzpfrvmbl;wJ/h tJ'g jzpfrvmawmh rjzpfb;l qdak wmh ]tZmw w&m;} w&m;}qdw k hJ
]edAmÁ ef} &Sw
d ,fw/hJ rif;wdYk ajymoHMum;w,fvv Ykd m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]tZmww&m;} wJ/h ]rjzpfwm} bmwH;k (edAmÁ efygbk&m;)/ tJ'v D kd rSwx
f m;/ tJvkd
tJvkd t"dymÜ ,fu eD;vsuef YJ a0;a0;aewwfw,f/ r*Fvokwu f vnf; ]edAmÁ eopäu d &d ,
d m
p? {wHr*Fv rkwrå }H vdq Yk w
kd ,f/ qdwk mu edAmÁ efukd rsuaf rSmufjyK a&mufomG ;w,fq&kd if
]t&d,opöme 'óeH} jzpfvyYkd J a&mufomG ;wmaygh/ tJovdk *½kpu kd af emf (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
yxrwef;jzpfatmif vky&f r,faemf
]umrpäE´ eD0&P? Asmyg' eD0&P} wJ?h ]eD0&P} &P}[m raumif;ygbl;? ]umr}
]umr}uvnf;
raumif;ygbl;/ tv,faumifjzpfwhJ ]qE´}u ]ocFww&m;} w&m;}aemf/ tJ'v D kd *½kpu kd &f r,f
aemf/ w&m;qdw k m xd;k xGi;f &w,f/ "r®y#dorÇ'd g aygh/ cGjJ crf;&w,f? Analytical insight
rcGjJ crf;bJeYJ pmawGavQmufrzwf&bl;/ bk&m;a[mxm;wmawGu oAÁnKw ÓPfBu;D eJY
a[mxm;wm/ av;oacFseJYurÇmwpfodef; qnf;yl;NyD;&vmwJhw&m;udk cifAsm;wdkYu
]omrnav;} vkyaf evdYk rjzpfb;l aemf/ [kwu f v hJ m;/ 'Dawmh yxrwef;jzpfatmifvyk f
&r,f/ tJ'gav;awGukd tdru f s&ifvnf; qdq k akd eyg (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]umrpäE´ eD0&P} &P}? Oyrm ]umrpäE´ eD0&P} &P}rSm umrpfu ]umr} ]umr}qdw k m b,fvkd
t"dymÜ ,f? ]qE´}qdw k m b,fvt kd "dymÜ ,f? ]eD0&P}
&P}qdw k m b,fv[ kd m? tJ']eD D]eD0&P}
r&S&d ifb,fvakd ygh/ tJ'v D kd wpfcck si;f pD&UJ t"dymÜ ,fay:atmif jznf;jznf;av; pOf;pm;
&w,f/ tJ'v h mu ]pdEmÅ r,ynm} ac:w,f/ tJ'yD nmu tv,fr*fÓPf
D kd pOf;pm;wJ[
awGukd oGm;aus;Zl;jyKw,f/ umr&m*enf;zd?Yk Asmyg'enf;zdYk twGuf oGm;aus;Zl;jyKw,f
[kwv f m;/ tJ'gawGukd *½kpu kd af emf (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ tJ'g ]umrawG} yJvYkd od½o kH &d w,f/
]umrpäE´ eD0&P} wJ?h ]umr} ]umr}qdw k m bmvJw?hJ ]umr} k m ]tm½Hik g;yg;} udk
]umr}qdw
ac:w,f/ tckjrif&wJ[ h mawGu tm½Hak wG? tJ't D m½Hak wGukd qE´rvkyef aYJ wmh/ jrif&if
awmh jrif½ykH x J m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ qE´Bu;D xnfNh y;D awmh bmawGUcsiv f u kd w f m? bmvkycf sif
vdu k w f m oGm;rvkyef ?YJ [kwu f vhJ m;/ tJ'g umrawGvYkd od½kH od&w,f/ b,fvkd odrwH;k
(od½o kH &d ygw,fb&k m;)/ 'gaMumifh ]½layp yZmemwd}wJ/h tJ'g od½o kH vd Ykd ajymwmyJ/
wu,fvYkd od½rkH odbeJ YJ oGm;Ny;D awmh olu Y ckd spcf ifEpS o
f ufvu kd rf ,fq&kd if umrpäEj´ zpfNy;D
awmh w&m;u bmw&m;jzpfomG ;rvJqakd wmh ]eD0&Pw&m;} oGm;jzpfw,faemf/ tckyJ
r*fzv kd ef Ad mÁ efukd wm;jrpfomG ;w,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ]eD0&P} qdw k mbmwH;k (r*fzv kd ef Ad mÁ efawG
udk wm;jrpfomG ;w,f)/ tJ'D eD0&Pr&Sad tmifvYkd ae&w,f/ [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]£wd "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd}? jrwfpmG bk&m;a[mwmu tvGeaf umif;wm/
jznf;jznf;av;eJY a[moGm;wm/ 'umrBu;D wdu Yk rMunfw h wfvYkd rpOf;pm;wwfv?Ykd ud, k rhf mS
aps;eJt Y rd ?f tdref aYJ ps;yJ ajy;ajy;ae&awmh b,frmS vmNy;D 'DÓPfawG&rvJ? r&bl;aygh/
'gaMumifh 'DÓPfawG&atmif ]umrpäEe´ 0D &P}? ]Asmyg'eD0&P}? ]eD0&P}wJ?h a[m
uav;awGu qlae? aps;uvnf; oGm;&OD;r,f? a<u;uvnf; vmawmif;OD;r,fvYkd
pdwyf yl ifaewm? tJ'g Asmyg'eD0&P? ]Asmyg' eD0&P} &P}? tJ'g qdv k u f meJyY J ]Asmyg'eD0&P}
kd w
&Srd eS ;f odomG ;w,f/ &Srd eS ;f odawmh tJ'q D yl w l mawG? qJqakd ewmawG Mum;ae&ayr,fh
tJ'D ]Asmyg' eD0&P} rjzpfb;l ? r&Sb Yk &kd if tJ'g ]edAmÁ ef}a&mufomG ;NyD (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
d ;l vdq
]yZmemwd- od\} qd&k if od½ykH o
J d
avmurSm ]Asmyg'} jzpfp&mawG ajymajymwwfMuw,f/ ]Asmyg'} jzpfp&mawG
ajymw,faygh/ ajymyifajymjim;aomfvnf; 'Durdrrd mS ]Asmyg'} r&Sb d ;l qd&k if ]ew¬ad r tZÑwHå
Asmyga'g? ew¬w D d yZmemwd} wJ?h ]ar- ig\? tZÑw-Hå tZÑwüå ? Asmyga'g - Asmyg'onf?
ew¬-d r&S/d £wd- þod?Yk yZmemwd- od\}wJ?h jrwfpmG bk&m; w&m;awmfu ygVdawmf
&Sw hJ wdik ;f yJ/ ]yZmemwd- od\}qd&k if od½ykH o
d t J &d w,f/ ]od½ykH o J }d (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ olY
]Asmyg'Bu;D } oGm;rsm;raeeJ/Y oGm;Ny;D awmh qlyNl y;D qJqNJ y;D raeeJ?Y [kwu f v hJ m;/ tJ'gud,k rhf mS
]Asmyg'} &S&d if &Srd eS ;f od½akH v;od&w,f/ oGm;Ny;D rvky&f bl;/ xyf&adS tmif oGm;rvky&f bl;/
d ,f? jzpfw,fvyYkd J od&w,f(rSeyf gbk&m;)/ tJvakd v; odoad eawmhrS ]£wd "ar®ok
&Sw
"r®mEkyóD} jzpfw,f/ tJ'rD mS ]"ar®o}k qdw k m avmukw&å mw&m;a&m? avmuDw&m;udk
a&m ]"ar®o}k vdaYk c:w,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ]" ar®o}k qdw
]"ar® k m tJ'gavmuDeYJ avmukw/f
avmukw&å mw&m;udk bmac:vJ ("ar®oyk g bk&m;)? avmuDw&m;udak &m ("ar®oyk g

bk&m;)/ ]þ[mavmuD}? ]þ[mavmukw&å m}m}? avmuDpw f kd ]þ[moOwå&pdw}f ?
d u
avmukw&å mpdwu f dk ]þ[mtEkw&å pdw}f / tJovdk avmuDeYJ avmukw&å mudv k nf;
uG&J w,f/ tJ'v D ckd jJG crf;wmrS y#dorÇ'd g eJwY uGjzpfwhJ bmawGjzpfomG ;Nyv D Ykd ajymMuwmaygh/
tJ'g"r®mEkyóemwd?Yk owdy|mef w&m;wdu Yk kd jrwfpmG bk&m;a[mNy;D wJt h qH;k rSm &[EÅm
oH;k aomif;avmuf jzpfomG ;Muw,f/ w&m;&oGm;Muw,faygh (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
w&m;&w,f? r&bl;qdw k mvnf; olrsm;ar;p&mrvdyk gbl;? ud, k [ hf mud, k f eD0&P
&So
d vm; r&Sb d ;l vm;? 'gav;yJ *½kpu kd &f w,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ 'Djh yif[mawG oGm;oGm;
*½kpu kd af evdYk y&dowfawGrmS w&m;r&bl;jzpfaewm/ 'D[mom *½kpu kd v f ukd &f if [d[
k m
r&Sb d ;l vm;? [kwv f m;/ tJ'v D &kd w
dS m r&Sw d mav;yJ *½kpu kd af emf (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
ig\ tZÑwo
å EÅmefü xderd'¨ eD0&P &Sw
d ,f r&Sb
d ;l
]umrpäEe´ 0D &P? Asmyg'eD0&P? xderd'e¨ 0D &P} &P}? ]xderd'}¨ qdw
k m ysi;f &d xdik ;f rdiI ;f
wm/ ud, k u
hf ,
kd u
f kd ysi;f wmvnf; &Sv d &Ykd rdS eS ;f rodMubl;/ ysi;f &if tdyyf pfvu kd w
f myJ/
ysi;f wmav;udk aMomf 'g w&m;av;ygvm;vd?Yk ]"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD} jzpfatmif? a[m
tJvakd v;awmh oday;OD;rSaygh (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ysi;f ae&if bmjzpfw;kH / ]eD0&P} jzpfw,f/
ysi;f Ny;D &ifaum bmjzpfw;kH (eD0&Pygbk&m;)/ ]eD0&P} qdw k mbmwH;k ]r*fzv kd u
f kd wm;jrpf
wwfw,f}/ ]wHcg;rif;wke;f Bu;D }vd?k ]rif;wke;f Bu;D } vdk wm;jrpfwmaygh (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ tJvkd
rSwx f m;aemf? odrYk [kwv f &Ykd &dS if ud,
k [
hf mud, k f ysi;f wmudk tjypfvYkd rxifwwfb;l ? tjypfvYkd
rjrifwwfb;l (rSeyf ghb&k m;)/
ig\ tZÑwo
å EÅmefü O'¨pö ukuKú pö eD0&P &Sw
d ,f r&Sb
d ;l
]umrpäEe´ 0D &P? Asmyg'eD0&P? xderd'e¨ 0D &P? O'¨pö ukuKú peö 0D &P} &P}? tJ'g ]£wd
"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD} yJ/ aps;oGm;&if;vnf; ]"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD- "r®ukd "r®twdik ;f ½Ir,f}vdYk
tJ'gav;awG qdq k okd mG ;? 'grSb&k m;vufxufueJw Y rl mS / tckawmh aps;oGm;&if owd
vufvGwfeJY/ olYrSm]Asmyg'awG
]Asmyg'awG} csnf;rsm;aew,f/ qdkNyD;oGm;awmh bmbmnmnm
rawG;awmhb;l / [kwu f v &P}? ]O'¨p}ö qdw
hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ]O'¨pö ukuKpú ö eD0&P} k m ysUH vGiw
hf m?
ud, k u hf ,
kd u f kd ysUH vGirhf eS ;f odwmygyJ/ ysUH vGiw hf m ]ig} r[kwb f ;l ]"r®}yJvYkd odvu kd &f ifuykd J
]"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD0[ d &wd} "r®mEkyóemjzpfomG ;w,f/ odwmeJu Y ykd J "r®mEkyóem
jzpfomG ;wm/ 'Dvrkd S rod&if ]O'¨pö ukuKú paö wG} jzpfv&Ykd &dS if ]ighE, S }f ukuKú paö wGrsm;vdu k w f meJyY J
]ighE, S }f qdw k moGm;jzpfw,f/ ]ukuKú p}ö &Sw d ,fvo Ykd &d if ]ighE,S }f qdw k mr&Sbd ;l / tJ'u D wnf;u
]'d|}d u wpfcgwnf; jyKwo f mG ;Ny/D tJvt kd v J kd ½IyakH v; ½IyakH v;(rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]O'¨pö ukuKú p}ö ? ]O'¨p}ö qdw k m ysUH vGio hf nf/ ysUH vGiahf ewJph w d /f bmrSvnf;t&m
ra&mufygbl;/ olysUH vGiw hf myJ? vGiahf ewJph w d u f o kd &d if olrY mS yxrwef;jzpfw,f/ vGiahf e
awmh olubmjzpfw;kH qdak wmh ]eD0&P} &P}oGm;jzpfw,f/ bmoGm;jzpfw;kH (eD0&PoGm;jzpf
ygw,fb&k m;)/ ]eD0&P} &P}qdw k m wm;jrpfw[ hJ mrsKd ;? r*fzv kd w f u Ykd kd wm;jrpfw,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]eD0&P}
&P}rjzpfawmh r*fzv kd af wGuw kd m;jrpfao;ovm; (rwm;jrpfawmhygbl;bk&m;)/ rwm;
jrpfawmh olubmjzpfomG ;wH;k qdak wmh olrY mS ]uif;qdww f w hJ &m;} oGm;jzpfw,f/ ]0da0u}
wJ/h ]0d&m* edów d ?H 0da0u edów d }H ? tJ'gawGjzpfomG ;w,f/ ]0d&m*} qdw k m r*fzv kd u
f kd
ac:w,f/ ]0da0u} 0u}u edAmÁ ef&w,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
t½IawGvaJG e&if "r®mEkyóemrjzpfb;l

]edó&PH 0da0uÍö tocFwm rwH ww¬m} qdw k m edAmÁ ef&UJ teufawGy/J ]0da0u}
k m edAmÁ ef&UJ teufawG/ ]0da0u} qdw
qdw k mbmwH;k (edAmÁ ef&UJ teufygbk&m;)/ tJ'eD Ad mÁ ef
awGukd ud, k u f a0;atmif vkyyf pfwwfw,f/ bmaMumifw h ;kH qd&k if ]"r®mEkyóem- "r®ukd
½IwhJ tEkyóem}}r&Sv d w
Ykd /hJ vlawG½?I [dtk 0SmawG oGm;½I? bmawG nmawG &m*jzpfp&mawG
oGm;½IvaYkd ygh/ tJvkd t½IawGuvGaJ eawmh ]"r®mEkyóem} jzpf&UJ vm; (rjzpfygbl;bk&m;)/
"r®mEkyóemaum [kwu f v
hJ m; (r[kwyf gbl;bk&m;)/ 'gaMumifh r[kww f mawG r½Ie/YJ
]r[kww f mtomae? [kww f m&SmazG? emrf£aÈN´ ird Nf ird af e? tJvrdk S 'kut
© &Sed af o}
o}/
tJ'g 'kua© wG t&Sed af or,feh nf;yJwhJ (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ]O'¨pö ukuKú pö eD0&PH}?
a[moGm;vd&Yk &dS ifawmh odawmhow d maygh/ tckvkd cscsay;awmh ]eD0&PawG} uif;oGm;
w,f/ t&ifwek ;f uqdk w&m;emae&if;udk yxrwef;ukov kd af wGvw T &f wm (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
'gaMumifh ]eD0&PawG} uif;atmif tJvrkd w f m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/vlawGrmS ]ukuKú paö wG}u
S x
tvGet Yf vGejf zpfMuwm/ 'DuaeYvyk cf rhJ w d m igrSm;w,f? vkycf rhJ w d m ightrSm;ygvm;/
vkyfNyD;awmh bmrSvnf;rwwfEkdifawmhwJhtrSm;udk olYrSm rSm;aew,f? bmrSvnf;

rwwfEidk bf ;l / tJ'g ]O'¨pö ukuKú pö eD0&PH}/
ig\ tZÑwo
å EÅmefü 0dpu
d pd mä eD0&P &Sw
d ,f r&Sb
d ;l
]0dpu
d pd mä eD0&PH}? 0dpu
d pd mä eD0&P qdw
k muawmh odaYk vm odaYk vm awG;awm
,Hrk mS ;wmygyJ/ tJovdv k nf; rqdw k wf/ q&morm;u ajymay;vdv Yk nf; rqdwk wfeYJ
(rSeyf gbk&m;)/
ig\ tZÑwo
å EÅmefü t0dZmÆ eD0&P &Sw
d ,f r&Sb
d ;l
]t0dZmÆ }}u bmwH;k ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P}
&P}? ]t0dZrÆ meH £w¬d yk&ó
d 'ð Za0wDwd t0dZmÆ }
wJ/h ]t0dZrÆ meH- y&rw¬tm;jzifh xif&mS ;r&Sad om? £w¬d yk&ó d 'ð- rde;f r a,mufsm;tp
d nfu?kd Za0wDw-d apmwwf\/ £wdwo®m- xdaYk Mumif?h arma[m- xkad rm[onf?
&So
t0dZmÆ - t0dZmÆ rnf\}? ]arm[}
]arm[}udk t0dZmÆ vYakd c:w,f/ arm[udk bmac:wH;k (t0dZmÆ
ac:ygw,fb&k m;)/ ]t0dZmÆ } udk bmac:wH;k -arm[? arm[udk bmac:wH;k -t0dZmÆ ?
]arm[} jzpf&if avmbjzpfw,f? ]arm[} jzpf&if a'gojzpfw,f/ tJ'aD vmb a'goeJY
ao&ifawmh i&Jw?Ykd wd&pämefw?Ykd Nyw d må wd?Yk tol&um,fwjYkd zpfw,f/ tif;qufw?Ykd ig;wd?Yk
vdyw f ?Ykd bmwdYk jzpfwmawG[m ]arm[}
]arm[}udk arm[rSe;f rodMuvdYk (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
t0dZmÆ wpfv;kH wnf;ydik f awmfawmf yxrwef;aumif;
]arm[} qdw k m owå0gawGuykd J tm½Hjk yKw,f/ ]arm[} qdw k m bmtm½Hjk yKowH;k
(owå0gawGuykd J tm½Hjk yKygw,fb&k m;)/ acG;u acG;csi;f yJ tm½Hjk yKw,f? acG;u wjcm;acG;
jrif&if olrY mS udu
k zf yYkd t
J m½Hjk yKaew,f? r[kwb f ;l vm;/ vluvnf; vlvcl si;f yJ &efaxmif
rvdYk oGm;Ny;D awmhtm½Hjk yKaew,f/ tJ'v D kd &efraxmifMucsief aYJ emf/ &efaxmifcsi&f ifawmh
vlvcl si;f tm½Hjk yKaeNy/D a,mufsm;uvnf; rde;f rawGukd [dt k 0SmjyKcsiw f phJ w
d ef yYJ J tJovdk
tm½Hjk yKwwfw,f? [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ tJ'g ]umrpäE´ eD0&PawG}? aemufxyf
bmvJqakd wmh ]t0dZmÆ }}/ t0dZmÆ u bmwH;k (eD0&Pygbk&m;)/ t0dZmÆ [m eD0&P/
tJ'D ]eD0&P} ajcmufv;kH xJu ]t0dZmÆ } wpfv;kH wnf;udk ydik Ef ikd w f o
hJ [l m awmfawmf
yxrwef;aumif;wJo h ?l ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P}
&P}udk tJvrkd w S xf m;aemf (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ]t0dZmÆ }
bmtm½Hjk yKwwfowH;k (a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawGut kd m½Hjk yKygw,fb&k m;)/ &m*jzpfzyYkd J

tm½Hjk yKw,f/ tJvjkd zpfv&Ykd &Sd if ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P}
&P}/
a'gav;armav;eJv
Y nf; vkyaf y;
]ighoEÅmefrmS t0dZmÆ eD0&P&dw S ,f? igh oEÅmefrmS t0dZmÆ eD0&Pr&db S ;l }}? tJ'vD akd v;
a'gav; armav;eJv Y nf;vkyaf y;? 'Dvrkd rS [kw&f if [du k ad vomu Edik w f wfw,f/ 0D&, d
rygvd&Yk &Sd if [kwu f v hJ m;? 'gaMumifh 0D&, d xm;ay;&w,faemf (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ]t0dZmÆ
eD0&P}
&P}/ t0dZmÆ u ]0d'w d H e0dEw
´ wD d t0dZmÆ } wJ?h ]0d'w d -H odtyfaomy&rw¬w&m;wdu Yk ?kd
e0dEw ´ d - rodwwf? £wdwo®m - xdaYk Mumif?h t0dZmÆ - t0dZmÆ rnf\}wJ/h
]t0dZmÆ }}[m bmwH;k ? odtyfaomy&rw¬urkd odb;l wJ/h odtyfwhJ y&rw¬ukd
rodb;l / ]t0d'w d -H rodtyfaom? £wdy¬ &k o d m'ð- rde;f r a,mufsm; tp&do S nfu}dk ? a[m
om;uav;udk oGm;owd&? orD;av; oGm;owd&eJ/Y owd&awmhyw l maygh/ [dyk l 'Dyal ygh/
tJ'g ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P} &P}? om;uav;uvnf; bmwH;k qdak wmh ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P} jzpfapwJh
taMumif;av;yJ/ orD;av;vnf; ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P} jzpfapwJh taMumif;av;yJ (rSeyf g
bk&m;)/ aocgeD;rSm t0dZmÆ av; r&db S ;l qdv
k &Ykd &Sd if tJ'vD [l m edAmÁ efwpfcgwnf;a&muf
w,f/ om;av; orD;av; pdwx f rJ mS rxm;eJ/Y 'gaMumifh ]"r®mEkyóem} qdw k m ]ÓPf}
Y ;kH ygvd/Yk ]ÓPf} eJY taecdik ;f wmudak c:wm [kwv
eJo f m;/ bmeJY taecdik ;f wmwH;k (ÓPfeYJ
taecdik ;f wmygbk&m;)/ ]ÓPf}eJY taecdik ;f wmudk tckawmhjzifh ]arm[} ]arm[}eJcY sn;f oGm; oGm;
aeaew,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
wpfNrKd UvH;k eD;yg; arm[eJUcsn;f yJ
tckval wG vlawGawmfawmfrsm;rsm;yJ? wpfNrKd UvH;k eD;yg; ]arm[} eJcY sn;f rae
bl;vm; (aeygw,fb&k m;)/ aeawmh&efawGjzpf bmawGjzpfe?YJ ½H;k a&muf *wfa&mufe?YJ
yduk q f aH wGvnf;ukeef ?YJ aumif;udrk aumif;ygbl;/ wkid ;f jynfawGa&m bmawGa&m bmeJY
aevdw Yk ;kH (arm[eJaY evdyYk gbk&m;)/ ]arm[} eJaY evdw Yk ?hJ ]arm[} Ny;D vd&Yk &Sd if avmbvnf;
&dw
S ,f? a'govnf;&dw S ,f? om;vnf;&dw S ,f? orD;vnf;&dw S ,f/ &efjzpfr,hw f idk ;f jynfw?Ykd
Ekid if aH &;awG bmawGvnf;&dw S ,f [kwv f m;/ tJ'gbm&dv Ykd ;kH qdak wmh ]arm[} &dv
S w S ?Ykd
bm&dv S Ykd wH;k qd&k if (arm[&dv S yYkd gbk&m;)/ ]arm[} bmaMumif&h w
]arm[} Sd ;kH (t0dZmÆ &dv
S yYkd gbk&m;)/
]t0dZmÆ }}qdw k m bmwH;k (arm[ygbk&m;)? ]t0dZmÆ }}qdw k m rodtyfwmudk odwm/

t0dZmÆ qdw k mbmwH;k (rodtyfwmudk odwm)? ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P &dw S ,f? t0dZmÆ eD0&P
r&dbS ;l }}? tJ'ED pS cf u
k kd em;vnf&ifw&m;&Ny/D tJ'D ESpcf ak v;yJ *½kpu kd yf g/ 'Djh yif[mawG
rsm;rsm; pm;pm;Bu;D vkypf &mrvdyk gbl; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]t0dZmÆ eD0&P &dw S ,f? t0dZmÆ eD0&P r&db S ;l }}wJ?h rdro d EÅmefrmS ay:vmNyq D &kd if
&dw
S ,f/ ay:vmNyq ]Zmww&m;}ac:w,f/ ]Zmww&m;av;} ay:rvmbl;
D &kd ifjzpfw,f/ ]Zmww&m;}
qd&k if rjzpfwm/ rjzpfwm ]tZmww&m;} ]tZmww&m;}/ tJ'gawGeYJ edrw d af wGukd tm½Hrk jyKb;l vdq Yk &kd if
wpfcgwnf; edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;w,f/ tJ'v D akd v; edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;atmif w&m;av;
ememay;Mu? odoad y;Mu [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
t0dZmÆ udk &dv
S &Ykd rSd eS ;f rodMubl;
'Dawmh tJ'D ]t0dZmÆ }}u wpfcgwnf; olu ]t0dZrÆ meH- xif&mS ;r&daS om rde;f r
a,musmf ; tp&do S nfu}kd wJ/h rif;wdYk a,musmf ;awG tckaooGm;&if bm&daS o;owH;k
bmrSr&db S ;l / rsupf rd w dS x f m;&if bm&daS o;owH;k ? rde;f rawG &daS o;ovm; (r&dyS gbl;bk&m;)/
rde;f rawGqw kd m rsupf ad wG em;awGuakd c:wm (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ rsupf rd &db S J a[m [dk
wdik Bf u;D rSm rde;f rawG&v Sd m; (r&dyS gbl;bk&m;)/ r&drS S r&db S eJ ?YJ rde;f rawG r&db S ;l / &dw
S ,f
xifNy;D awmh r&dw S v hJ al wGukd oabmususaeMuw,f [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ tJ'g
vlawGr[kwb f ;l wJh (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ vlawG a,musmf ;awGu b,fu vmowH;k qdak wmh
]t0dZmÆ } u vmw,f/ b,fuvmowH;k (t0dZmÆ uvmygw,fb&k m;)/ tJ'D ]t0dZmÆ }}udk
&dv
S &Ykd rSd eS ;f rodMubl; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]ar- ig\? oEÅH - oEÅmefü? t0dZmÆ eD0&PH- t0dZmÆ eD0&Ponf? twd-¬ &d\ S }/
]t0dZmÆ eD0&P} &dv S &Ykd &Sd if &dw S ,fvYkd 'Dvo kd o d ad y;yg/ &d&S UJ om;eJY r&db S ;l vdYk [efaqmifvYkd
vnf; r&ygbl;? ud, k u hf , kd uf kd todq;kH yJu;kd ? oabmw&m;awGukd nmvdrYk &bl;/ jrwfpmG
bk&m;w&m;u tvGeyf xrwef;aumif;wm (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]t0dZmÆ eD0&P &dw S ,f? t0dZmÆ eD0&P r&db S ;l }}? tJawmh ]t0dZmÆ }}[m wpfcgwnf;
oluxif&mS ;r&dw S hJ rde;f rawG a,musmf ;awGukd tm½Hjk yKwwfw,f/ xif&mS ;&dw S hJ y&rw¬awG
udk tm½Hrk jyKwwfb;l / ]t0dZmÆ }}u tm½Hjk yKvu kd af wmh olUudb k mac:wH;k qdak wmh aocgeD;
usawmh ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P y&duad© wåe- t0dZmÆ jzifh Nc&H w H ,f}wJ/h aocgeD;rSm a,musmf ;awG?
rde;f rawG? uav;awG? v,f,mawG? ajrawGowd&Nyq D &kd if ]t0dZmÆ Nc&H NH y}D vdo
Yk ad wmh/
tJvo kd ad wmh ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P} rNc&H aH wmhb;l (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ]t0dZmÆ Bu;D } u Nc&H x H m;wm/
tckqEáv;u ]apwodu}f ? avmbav;u ]apwodu}f ? ]apwodu}f w&m;awG[m
]"r®}w&m;av;awG/ tJ'D "r®w&m;av;awG[m ]ocFw} ac:Ny;D awmh jzpfNy;D ysuo f mG ;wJh
w&m;av;/ [dk rjzpfNy;D rysuw f whJ &m; ]edAmÁ efw&m;}
&m;}udak wmh tJ'D ]t0dZmÆ }}u tm½Hk
rjyKwwfb;l / tm½Hrk jyKwwfawmh olu Y kd ]t0dZmÆ y&duad© wåe}}? qdpk rf; ]t0dZmÆ y&dua©d wåe}
(t0dZmÆ y&duad© wåe)/ tJ'v D kd csay;wmu b,fvrkd eS ;f odatmifvyYkd g/
]t0dZmÆ Nc&H aH om? Nc&H t
H yfaom t0dZmÆ jzif}h ? t0dZmÆ u 0ef;&HaeMuwm/ 'Djh yifae&m
ok;H q,fw h pfbu kH xGurf oGm;&atmifv/Ykd 'Djh yifae&m roGm;&atmif t0dZmÆ Bu;D u Nc&H H
xm;wm (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
t&if;cHu wPSm
]wPSmEko, rlvaue} aue}? ]wPSmu t&if;cHw,f} wJ?h ]wPSm}}u t&if;cHw,f/
]t0dZmÆ }}u Nc&H w H ,f/ olu vlawGbmawGvo Ykd ad wmhu?kd ]t0dZmÆ }}qdwk mu [dv k al wG
bmawGvYkd tm½Hjk yKawmhu?kd 'Dv&l UJ pdw[ f m ]xGuaf jrmuf&m}m}qdw k ehJ Ad mÁ efukd a&mufEidk f
yghrvm; (ra&mufEidk yf gbl;bk&m;)/ vlawGqyD J a&mufa&mufomG ;w,f/ ]xGuaf jrmuf&m}
qDukd ra&mufawmhb;l / ]t0dZmÆ y&duad© wåe- t0dZmÆ Nc&H o H jzif}h ? ]t0dZmÆ } Nc&H vH Ykd ol
xGuaf jrmuf&mvrf; r&Smwwfb;l / 'gaMumifh ]xGuaf jrmuf&mvrf;} &SmwwfatmifvYkd
]t0dZÆmeD0&P&Sdw,f} ? &SdrSef;odatmif ]xGufajrmuf&mvrf;} &SmwwfatmifvdkY?
'Dvrkd rS [kw&f if vrf;r&Smwwfb;l / t0dZmÆ eD0&PBu;D eJY ]xGuaf jrmuf&mvrf;} &SmzkYd
b,fEh , S &f rwH;k r&bl;wJ/h 'DbbkH 0awGxyJ J jyefa&mufrmS yJ/ 'Dt0dZmÆ eD0&P&Si;f Ny;D
&Smvdu k rf yS J ]xGuaf jrmuf&m} a&mufomG ;w,fwhJ (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
xGuaf jrmuf&mudak &mufzYkd t0dZmÆ rSe;f odzv
Ykd kd
]t0dZmÆ Eko, y&dua©d wåe? wPSmEko, rlvaue? ocFga&e Zed,rmeH}?
]ocFg&av;} qdw k mu apwem]uH]uH}uav;/ tJ'D ]uH}uav;u ]0dnmPfav;} udk &TUH xJukd
cJav;xnfv h u kd o
f vdk wpfcgwnf; tarh0rf;xJomG ;a&mufw,f? ewfjynfawGqD oGm;
a&mufw,f? wd&pämef0rf;xJ oGm;a&mufw,f/ tJ'g bmaMumifjh zpfw;kH qd&k if ]t0dZmÆ
eD0&P} &Srd eS ;f rodMuvd?Yk odv&Ykd &dS if a&mufp&mbHb k 0awGr&Sad wmhb;l (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
'gaMumifh ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P &Sw d ,f? t0dZmÆ eD0&P r&Sb d ;l }}? tJ'v
D kd &Srd eS ;f r&Srd eS ;f odv&Ykd &dS if
tJ'w D &d pämefb0awG? tyg,fav;bHb k 0awGuae vGeaf jrmufw,fw/hJ xGuaf jrmuf&m
udvk nf; a&mufw,fvYkd tJvkd rSwx f m;Muaemf (rSevf yS gbk&m;)/
ocFw w&m;awG odNy;D &if tocFw w&m;ukd odr,f
aemufNyD;awmh qEáwG O'¨pöawGu bmawGwHk;qdkawmh apwodufawG?
bmawGw;kH (apwoduaf wGygbk&m;)/ ]£ómrpä&, d oHa,mZOf}? ]£ómrpä&, d }
qdwk mvnf; apwoduaf wGygyJ/ ]£ómrpä&, d } u bmwH;k (apwoduyf gbk&m;)/
]£ómrpä&, d oHa,mZOf? umr&m* oHa,mZOf? Asmyg' oHa,mZOf? xderd'¨ oHa,mZOf}?
tJ'D ]oHa,mZOfawG} u tukeaf pwoduaf wGcsn;f yJ/ ]apwodu}f qdw k m ]ocFww&m;}
aemf/ ]ocFww&m;awG}rSe;f odNy;D awmh ]tocFww&m;} rSe;f odatmifvyk zf u Ykd kd tJ'eD m;rSmyJ
eD;uyfe;D uyfaeNy;D ajymae&wmaemf/ odrYk [kwv f &Ykd &dS if tJ'D ]ocFww&m;} qDra&mufbJ
]vlawG}qDa&mufa&mufNy;D awmh vnfvnfaewmaemf/ ]vlawG}qD a&mufwmuvnf;
]t0dZmÆ eD0&P}
&P}wJh [kwu f v
hJ m;/ tJvrkd w
S x
f m;aemf(rSeyf gbk&m;)/
ocFwESihf ocFg&
]oHa,mZOf}qdw k mvnf; twlwyl gyJ/ oHa,mZOf qdw k mxuf ]apwodu}f qdw k hJ
]ocFww&m;}
w&m;}udk ajymcsiw f myg/ apwoduq f w kd m bmw&m;wH;k (ocFww&m;ygbk&m;)/
]ocFww&m;} ajymawmhrS ]ocFwH tbdocFga&mEÅw D d ocFg&m}/ ]ocFw}}udk ]t0dZmÆ }}u
jyKjyifvu kd af wmh ]ocFg&} jzpfomG ;w,f/ tJ'gaMumifh ]t0dZmÆ ypö,m ocFwH tbd
ocFga&mEÅw D d ocFg&m} wJ?h t0dZmÆ uaeNy;D ocFwqdw k hJ pdwf apwoduf ½kyaf wGukd jyKjyif
vdu k af wmhrS ]ocFg&} jzpfomG ;w,fw?hJ tJ'D ]ocFg&} jzpfwmudk ]ig} vkyw f ,f? ]ol} vkyw f ,feYJ
qdMk uw,f/ tJvrkd [kwb f ;l wJ?h ]ur®ó um&aum ew¬-d uHujkd yKvyk w f o d ;l }/
hJ l r&Sb
]0dyguóp a0'aum- tusKd ;udck pH m;wwfwo hJ l r&Sbd ;l }wJh qdw
k mawG&w dS ,f/ ]tusKd ;
jzpfwm}m}udo k m cHpm;w,fvaYkd c:wm/ ]t usKd ;jzpfwm}m}udk bmac:owH;k (cHpm;w,fvYkd
]tus
ac:ygw,fb&k m;)/ ]tusKd ;} udk cHpm;wmr[kwb f ;l ? ]tusKd ;}}udck pH m;wJh a,mufsm;yk*Kd¾ v?f
rdef;ryk*¾dKvfr&Sdbl;/ a,mufsm;yk*¾dKvf rdef;ryk*¾dKvf&Sdw,fqdkNyD;awmh tusdK;cHpm;w,f
qdNk y;D awmh tdraf xmifawGjyK bmawGjyKeYJ tJ'gawGr[kwb f ;l / 'g ]0dyguóp a0'aum-
tusKd ;udck pH m;wwfwhJ olr&Sb d ;l }wJ/h ]tusKd ;jzpfwm} udo k mqdw k ,f/ ]tusKd ;jzpfwm} udk
bmqdw k ;kH -cHpm;w,f vdq Yk w kd ,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
opfyiftoD;oD;awmh ]oD;w,f} vdq kd ,f/ a0'emjzpfwm ]zóypö,m a0'em}
Yk w
a0'emjzpfwmyJ r[kwb f ;l vm;/ tJ'jD zpfwmudk cHpm;w,fvq Ykd Nkd y;D awmh rif;wdu Yk wPSm
jzpfwm/ cHpm;w,fvYkd r[kwv f &Ykd &dS if wPSmrjzpfb;l ? [kwv f m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ 'gayr,fv h Ykd
a&S;ut&d,mawGu tdraf xmifawGe/YJ tJ'gawG *½kpu kd ?f tdraf xmifawGeYJ t&d,m
jzpfMuwm/ 'umrBu;D wdv Yk nf; bmrSryle/YJ ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P&Sw d ,f} vdo Yk m tJvq kd v kd u kd ?f
wpfcgwnf; &oGm;a&m (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]t0dZmÆ eD0&P&Sw d ,f}? ]t0dZmÆ eD0&P} bmjzpfv&Ykd w dS ;kH qdak wmh rsupf rd w dS v f u kd &f if
t0dZmÆ u pdwx f rJ mS rde;f rawG a,mufsm;awG ay:aygufvmw,f/ tJ'v D kd ray:apeJ/Y
ESmacgif;em; avem; jzpfjzpf owduyfxm;? ]yx0D zówð e vbwD t0dZmÆ } wJ/h
]yx0Dzówð- yx0D zótp&So d nfu?kd evbwD- rpGw J wf? £wdwo®m- xkaYd Mumif?h
t0dZmÆ - t0dZmÆ rnf\}/ rmwJh aysmw h ahJ e&mav;u yx0Dav;yJ/ xdwahJ e&mav;u
zóav;aygh/ tJ'gav;eJY wpfcgwnf; uyfq&JG w,f/ ]psm,awm ,awm- uyfí½Iaom?
tmwmyDp- jyif;xefaom0D&, d &Sad om? jAm[®aPm Pm- raumif;rIukd tyjyKNy;D aom?? ar ar-
igbk&m;tm;? "r®H- w&m;wko Yd nf? ygwkb0EÅd- xif&mS ;jzpfuek \ f }wJ/h tukov kd v f nf;
r&Sd&bl;? w&m;tm;xkwfwJhae&mrSm tukodkvfvnf; r&Sd&bl;/ tJ'DoHk;ckwnf;yJ
(rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]psm,awm
,awm- uyfí½Iaom? tmwmyD- jyif;xefaom 0D&, d &Sad om? jAm[®Pó ó-
raumif;rIr&Sad om}}? pkawwke;f ]eD0&P} r&S&d if raumif;rIr&Sb d ;l ? ]eD0&PawG} &S&d ifawmh
raumif;rI &Sw d ,f/ tJ'gaMumifh ]eD0&PawG} udk t&ifajym&w,f/ w&m;udk tv,f
ajym&w,f/ ]eD0&PawG} udk t&ifajymxm;awmh ol[mxrif;csu&f ifvnf; ]eD0&P}
r&Sdbl;/ ]oHa,mZOf}uvnf; ]umr&m*oHa,mZOf? Asmyg'oHa,mZOf? b0&m*
oHa,mZOf? xderd'¨ oHa,mZOf? O'¨pö ukuKú po ö aH ,mZOf? £ómoHa,mZOf? rpä&, d

oHa,mZOf}? tJ'g]oH ]oHa,mZOfawG}? raumif;wJ[ h mawG[m]oH]oHa,mZOfawG} jzpfomG ;w,f/
tJ'gbmawGw;kH qdak wmh tpqH;k qdw k hJ £ómwdYk xderd'w ¨ aYkd ygh/ tJ'gawG[m apwoduf
awG/ tJ'gawG bmawGw;kH (apwoduaf wGygbk&m;)? ]apwoduaf wG} [m bmawGw;kH
]ocFww&m;}
w&m;}? ]apwoduaf wG} [mbmawGw;kH (ocFww&m;ygbk&m;)? ]ocFww&m;}
[m taMumif;aMumifjh zpfw,f/ ]ocFww&m;} w&m;}[m bmwH;k (taMumif;aMumifjh zpfygw,f
bk&m;)/ ]ocFww&m;} w&m;}qdw k m taMumif;aMumifjh zpfwm/ taMumif;r&Sv d &Ykd &dS if tJ'D ]qE´}xJ
]umr} r&Svd &Ykd &dS ifrjzpfb;l / oleAd mÁ efjzpfomG ;wmyJ? [kwwf ,frv Ykd m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
taMumif;aMumifjh zpfwm ocFw
]ocFw}}qdw k m bmaMumifjh zpfwmwH;k ? ]taMumif;} &Sv d jYkd zpfwm/ ]ocFw}}qdwk m
bmjzpfwmwH;k (taMumif;&Sv d jYkd zpfwmygbk&m;)/ ]taMumif;} aMumifjh zpfw,f? tJ'gudk
ocFwac:w,f/ ]edAmÁ ef} usawmh taMumif;&Sad o;vm; (r&Sad wmhygbl;bk&m;)/ taMumif;
r&Swd m ]edAmÁ ef}? taMumif;r&Sw d mbmwH;k (edAmÁ efygbk&m;)? tJovdk w&m;udk vlawGpOf;pm;
wwfatmif? qifjcifwwfatmif? ESv;kH oGi;f wwf atmifa[mrS t0dZmÆ awGuuGmrSm/
t0dZmÆ uGmNy;D awmh wpfcgwnf;[efrmS / odrYk [kwv f Ykd &S&d if bmrawG;wwf nmrawG;
wwfeYJ jzpfwwfw,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
]umr&m* oHa,mZOf}? tJ'o D aH ,mZOf&&dS ifvnf; ]&Sw d ,f}vdYk od&w,f? r&Sb d ;l
qd&k ifvnf; ]r&Sb d ;l }}vdYk od&w,f/ "r®mEkyóemu bmjyKvYkd "r®mEkyóemac:wH;k qdak wmh
]"r®}qdw
k mu apwodu?f ]"r®}qdw k mubmwH;k (apwoduyf gbk&m;)? ]um,mEkyóem} óem}u
um,udak [mw,f? ]a0'emEkyóem} óem}u a0'emudk a[mw,f/ ]pdwmå Ekyóem} óem}rSmu
pdwu f akd [mw,f/ ]"r®mEkyóem} óem}usawmh apwoduu f kd oGm;a[mw,f? [kwv f m;/
tJolwdkYvnf; "r®ygyJ/ ]apwoduf} u bmawGwHk; ("r®ygbk&m;)/ bm]"r® ]"r®} wHk;
(ocFw"r®ygbk&m;)/ ]ocFw"r®}qdw k mbmwH;k taMumif;&S&d if jzpfw,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
tck]em;}
]em;} Mum;w,faygh? ]toH}&Sv d Ykd Mum;wmjzpfw,f/ toHuakd wmh rsupf ed YJ
jrif&ovm; (rjrif&ygbl;bk&m;)/ uJjrifvnf; rjrif&bl;? tJ'v D kd ]tbd"r®m obm0}
obm0}qdw k m
tJvdk[mrsdK;/ pOf;pm;ay;&w,f? rpOf;pm;bJ rae&bl;/ pOf;pm;rS ÓPfay:w,f/
tJvrkd wS xf m;aemf (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ]Asmyg' oHa,mZOf? xderd'¨ oHa,mZOf? O'¨pö ukuKú pö
oHa,mZOf? b0&m* oHa,mZOf}? ]b0&m* oHa,mZOf} qdw k mu b0u 'Dxikd af ewm
Bu;D awG Nrw J ,fvx Ykd ifwm/ oów'd|ed w YJ uGjzpfwhJ &m*udk 'd|ed w
YJ uGjzpfwhJ &m*udk
]b0&m*}
]b0&m*}vdYk ac:w,f/ xkid af ewJu h ,
kd f ckewke;f u xkid wf mvnf; ]ig} yJ/ tckvnf; ]ig}
yJvYkd xifaewm/ tJ'v D kd r[kwbf ;l (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ckewke;f u ]umrpäE}´ aysmufysuo f mG ;Ny?D
]em;}
]em;}u Mum;cJw h mvnf; aysmufysuo f mG ;Ny/D olub,fawmhrS Nrw J [
hJ m r[kwb f ;l /
tukev f ;kH yJ [kwu
f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ tJvrkd w S x
f m;/
½lyb
H u
d a© 0 ewkrmS uH
]tEkyEÜ mé OyÜZEÆ }dÅ ? rjzpfao;wJ[
h m ol[Y mol jzpfvmw,fw?hJ [kwu hJ m;/ ]OyÜEmé p
f v
ed½Zk Ña&}
&}? tJvw kd &m;yGxJ rJ mS tJvckd scsay;&if vlawGwpfv;kH &&? ESpv f ;kH &&? wpfv;kH &vnf;
tyg,fuif;w,f/ wpfv;kH &vnf; qdk qdk aeyg/ [dak &S;a&S;wke;f u ]½lyH bdua© 0 ewkrmS uH}
qdwk meJyY J wpfcgwnf; w&m;&oGm;w,f/ ]½lyb H u d a© 0 ewkrmS uH} wJ/h ]bdua© 0- &[ef;wd?Yk
½ly-H ½kyo f nf? ewkrmS uH- oifwOYkd pömr[kwb f ;l } vd?Yk 'Dv]ocF
kd]ocFww&m;}
w&m;}vdYk 'Dvakd jymvdu k f
wmeJYyJ edAÁmefa&mufoGm;w,f/ ]ocFww&m;} aemf? ]oifwdkYOpömr[kwfbl;}}/ tJ'D
apwoduaf wG ½kyaf wG em;Mum;wmawG[m ]oifwOYkd pöm r[kwb f ;l }}/
]½lyb
H ud a© 0 ewkrmS uH? a0'embdua© 0 ewkrmS uH? onmbdua© 0 ewkrmS uH
ocFg&mbdua© 0 ewkrmS uH? 0dnmPH bdua© 0 ewkrmS uH}? tJ'gawG em;awG Mum;wmawG
oifwv Ykd nf;r[kwb f ;l ? oifwOYkd pömvnf; r[kwb Z[x}wJ/h ]wH- oifwv
f ;l ? ]wHyZ[x} Ykd nf;
r[kw?f oifwOYkd pömvnf; r[kww f mawGu?kd yZ[x- y,fpeG MYf u} wJ?h tJvakd [mxm;w,f
(rSeyf gbk&m;)/
½ly-H ½kyu
f Bkd ujJ zefyY pfavmh zsupf ;D ypfavmh
]&m"
]&m"- &m"&[ef;? ½lyH- ½kyfudk? 0dud&x x- BuJjzefYypfavmh}wJh/ 'umBuD;wdkY
'umrBu;D wdu Yk sawmh ½kyaf wG [dak &muf 'Da&muf a&mufomG ;rSm raMumufb;l vm;
(aMumufygw,fb&k m;)/ jrwfpmG bk&m;uawmh BucJ ikd ;f xm;w,f? [kwu f vhJ m;/ ½kyu
f kd
BujJ zefyY pfvudk w f /hJ ]½lyH &m" 0du&d x} qdMk unfph rf; (½lyH &m" 0du&d x) &if;ES;D atmifvYkd
ajymwm/ ]0du&d x x- BujJ zefyY pfavmh} wJ/h ]0d'a¨H ox
ox- zsuqf ;D ypfavmh}? ]0duPd eÖ u
H a&mx
a&mx-
rIwvf iT yhf pfavmh}? ]&m*0de,m,}? ]&m*0de,m,- &m*ukeaf tmif}wJ?h &m*ukeaf tmif

½kyu
f Bkd ujJ zefY ypfavmhw/hJ ½kyaf wG &m*jzpfapwJ½h yk af wG? ud, k rhf supf x d rJ mS ay:vmNy?D
&m*yHo k P²mef ay:vmNyq D &kd if tJ'½D yk uf rkd wI v f iT yhf pfvukd ?f ]½ly&H m" 0duP d eÖ uH a&mx}?
]&m"-
]&m"-&m"&[ef;? ½lyH-½kyu f ?kd 0duP d eÖ uH a&mxa&mx- rIwv f iT yhf pfvu kd }f ? uav;awGt½kyf
aqmh&if; t½kyaf wGukd BujJ zefyY pfovdak ygh[w k v f m;? tJvrkd w S x f m;/ uav;awGupm;wJh
upm;p&mav;awGukd vkyyf pfvu kd w
f /hJ ud, k o hf EÅmefrmS tJ'v D kd ½kyrf sK;d rxm;eJw Y /hJ
ay:&ifay:wJ&h m*½kyu
f kd zsuq
f ;D ypfvu
kd f
tJ'gb,f[mwH;k qdak wmh rsupf x d rJ mS &m*jzpfp&m½kyaf wG ay:wwfw,f/ ay:&if
ay:wJh &m*½kyu f kd zsuq f ;D ypfvukd /f ay:vmao;vm; &m* (ray:awmhygbl;bk&m;)?
]&m* 0de,m, ,m,- &m*ukejf cif;tusK;d iSm? ½lyH - ½kyu f ?kd 0du&d x - BujJ zefyY pfavmh}? rsupf x d J
rdeS ;f aevd&Yk &dS if [dtk wdw[ f mawG? tem*wf ypöKyeÜ f tJvakd wG rxm;&bl;wJah emf/
]½ly&H m" 0d'aH¨ ox}
ox}? ]&m"- ]&m"-&m"&[ef;? ½lyH-½kyu f ?kd 0d'aH¨ oxox- zsuq f ;D ypfavmh}?
wpfcck q k wkd maygh? [dv k rkd &&ifvnf; ]0d'H¨ aox} wpfcck k qdw k mudk &m*awG ud, k o hf EåmefrmS
uif;w,f/ [kwo f vm;/ &m*uif;atmif b,fvv kd yk &f rSe;f rodMubl;/ tJvv dk yk wf m
]½lyH &m"}
&m"}? ]&m"- &m"&[ef;? ½lyH- ½kyu f ?kd 0du&d xx- BujJ zefyY pfavmh? 0d'aH¨ ox ox- zsuq f ;D
ypfavmh? 0duP d eÖ H ua&mx
ua&mx- rIwv f iT yfh pfavmh}? 0 vH;k Bu;D wif (0d) tprSwx f m;aemf?
]0d'aH¨ ox? 0du&d x? 0duP d eÖ H ua&mx}
ua&mx}? tJvrkd w S x f m; (0d)csn;f yJ (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
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&m"}? ]&m"
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tusKd ;iSm? 0du&d x x- BujJ zefyY pfavmh}wJ/h ]½lyH - ½kyu f ?kd 0d'H¨ aox
aox- zsuq f ;D ypfavmh}?
acgif;xJrmS ay:wJh ]½ky}f udk ajymwmaemf/ pdwrf mS ay:wJh ]½ky}f udk ajymwm/ tjyifu]½ky}f udk
ajymwmr[kw/f acgif;xJrmS ay:wJh ]½ky}f udk zsuq f ;D ypfw/hJ acgif;xJrmS ay:wJh ]½ky}f udk
'Dtwdkif;rxm;bl;/ ighom;av;ES,faemfqdkNyD; bmrsm;jzpfygvdrfh nmrsm;jzpfygvdrfheJY
pd;k &draf omu jzpfwmawGuvnf; 'DuvmwmawG [kwu f vhJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ]½ly&H m"
0du&d x? 0d'aH¨ ox} 'Dxu J wpfcck &k atmifq/kd zsuq f ;D ypfavmhaygh[w k v f m;/ ]a0'em}
a0'emudv k nf; zsuq f ;D ypf&r,fw/hJ ]onm} ]onm}udv k nf; zsuq f ;D ypf&r,f/ emrnfav;
trSw&f vmvd&Yk &dS if zsuq f ;D ypf&r,f/ emrnfav; trSw&f vdu k v f Ykd 'Dtwdik ;f xm;vdu k rf ,f
qd&k if ud, k mawG bmawGjzpfwwfw,f (rSeyf gbk&m;)? ]tmoa0g

k rhf ,f aomuawGeYJ idw
w&m;awG} eJY idw k mawGjzpfwmyg/ ]tmoa0gw&m;} jzpfwm? ]tmoa0gw&m;} &,fvYkd
olurodygbl; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
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'domG - jrifonf&adS omf? t,H- þ½lyg½Ho k nf? oawåm- owå0gonf? tó tó- jzpf\/
£wd- þod?Yk *[Pawm *[Pawm- ,laomyk*Kd¾ vt f m;? 'd|moa0g
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f meJo
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23.1.2007 (puFmylEikd if )H
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jrif&wJh [mawGav? 'umBu;D wdaYk ygh? tJ'gawGaygh/
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jrifwm Mum;wmvnf; igryg&bl;

'gaMumihf umv ]twdwf tem*wf ypöKyeÜ f t[H igryg} igryg}? [dk ]'l& tmoEéawG}
awmh xm;awmh? Ny;D awmh ]Xmeumv o bm0g t[Higryg}
obm0g gryg}? a[m 'Dxikd af ewmxJukd
]ig} ryg&bl;? tckjrifaewmxJ ]ig} ryg&bl;? Mum;ae&wJt h xJ ]ig} ryg&bl;? tJ'gae
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av;} u Mum;wJh ]ae&m} ]ae&m}udk ]ig} vdq Yk jkd cif;iSm roihb f ;l ? bmjyKvw Ykd ;Hk 'Du ]toH} r&Sb d eJ JY
'umBu;D Mum;vdu Yk kd rjzpfb;l / ]av[m} qdw k hJ ]tmumo} r&Sb d eJ v YJ nf;Mum;vdrYk jzpfb;l /
tJ'gaMumihf ]Xmeumv obm0} wJ/h ]umv} tcsed u f v kd nf; ]ig} vdq Yk jkd cif;iSm roifb
h ;l /
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aooGm;w,f/ tJ'jD rwfpmG bk&m;u ]tumvH ru&D rke}d ? jrwfpmG bk&m;u ]umvr&Sjd cif;
udk jyKomG ;w,f} qdw k m usKyaf [mwm yxrwef;a[mwmawG/
]em[k tómo? yóm yómaom aom
aom}} 'Dvv kd mwm 'umBu;D &/ ]tómo yómaom -
xGuaf v 0ifavonf? em[k - rjzpfawmhNy}D wJ/h jrwfpmG bk&m;Bu;D y&deAd mÁ efpaH wmh ]Xdw
pdwó å wm'daem - ajrBu;D eJUtwl onf;cHawmfrEl ikd af om}} b,fvykd J emvnf; emem?
emvnf; emonfjzpfjzpf? uJ&h UJ wmav;? cs;D rGr;f wmav;jzpfjzpf? avmu"Hav; &wmawG
r&wmawG jzpfjzpf tJ'gawGukd ]wm'd}vdaYk c:w,f/ tJ'gawGukd onf;cHEikd &f if ]wm'd*P k }f
vdaYk c:w,f/ avmu"HawGa&m onf;cHEikd w f ,f? ]Xdwpdwó å - wnfMunfaom pdw&f dS
awmfral om}} pdwu f rvIyb f ;l ? pdwu
f rvIyaf wmh? vIyw f mu a'goac:w,f/ vIyw f ,f
qdw k m ]pvawm} ac:w,f/ ]yb*Fak wm} rNrb J ;l / ]t"k0awm} tJvakd c:wmud;k /
]wm'daem - ajrBu;D twl onf;cHawmfrEl ikd af om}} ajrBu;D twlu wHawG;axG;vnf;cH
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]taeaZm}ac:w,f/ ]&SmrS;D jcif; uif;awmfral om
jrwfpmG bk&m;onf xGuaf v0ifav r&Sad wmhNy}D / tem;em; xdik af ewJh oluMunhw f m/
]oEÅÅ -ð Nird ;f csr;f aom edAmÁ efu}kd ? ]rjzpf}ojzihf
tJ'gbmudk tm½Hjk yKowk;H qdak wmh ]oEÅrd m&AÇ}/ ]oE
]rjzpf} at; at;wm edAmÁ efac:w,f [kwu f vhJ m;/ ]a'goawG} rjzpfb;l / ]avmbawG}
rjzpfb;l / ]rmeawG} rjzpfb;l / ]£óm rpä&, d awG} vnf; rjzpfb;l / ]rjzpf} at; at;wmudk
]oEÅ}d ac:w,f/ wpfcgwnf; ]edAmÁ efukd tm&AÇtm½Hjk yKí}}? ]tumvH - tcgr[kwo f nfukd
tcsed f r&So d nfu?kd rke-d jrwfpmG bk&m;onf tu&D - jyKawmfral v\}}/ wpfcgwnf;
aowwf atmif usKyaf [mvdu k wf myJ yxrwef;/ tJ'g ]edAmÁ ef} udk tm½Hjk yKNy;D awmhraS o/
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hJ mrsKd ;? [kwuf vhJ m;/
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yómaom? å wm'daem?
taeaZm oEÅrd mm&& AÇ? tumvH ru&D rke/d
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onf;cHawmfrEl ikd af om? wó - xdjk rwfpmG bk&m;tm;? tómo yómaom yómaom-xGuaf v
0ifavonf? em[k - rjzpfawmhNy?D taeaZm - &SmrS;D jcif;uif;awmfral om jrwfpmG
tm&& AÇ - tm½Hjk yKí? tumvH - tcg
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ajrBu;D ESit
fh wl onf;cHEikd af tmif touf&w
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kd efrmS aygh/ om"k
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trsm;Bu;D odomG ;&ifaumif;r,f 'umBu;D &? 'grSb,fvakd er,f? b,fvpkd m;r,f? ]pdwf
xm;wwfawmh jrwfomG ;w,f}/
uJ - - -awmfMuOD;pk/Yd

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20.4.2007 wGif prf;acsmif;NrKd Ue,f uHjrifah usmif;wdu

k f "r®m½Hük
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tck ykxZk OfuvGwaf tmifvYkd jyefar;r,f/ vlawGrmS rsupf ad wG em;awG&o dS vm; (r&Syd g
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'g usKyu f omay;wmyg? 'Djh yifu ray;ygbl;? 'gu awmfawmfta&;Bu;D wJh ykpmä /
vlawGrmS rsupf ad wG em;awG&o dS vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? &S&d ifawmh Ph.D bGUJ r&
ao;bl;? a'gufwmbGUJ r&ao;bl;? ar;Munf?h tJ'g ]&Syd gw,f} Mum;vd&Yk &dS if r[efao;bl;?
]vl} rSr&Sb d J r&Sw d [hJ mudk ykpmä vkyx f m;wm [kww f ,f r[kwv f m;? tJ'g ya[Vdac:w,f?
jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siv f ufxufuvnf; 'Dvkd ykpmä awG&w dS ,f/
vlawGrmS rsupf ad wG em;awG &So d vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)/ vl&,fvaYkd um &So d vm;
(r&Syd gbk&m;)/ ]vlr&Sad ompdw}f ? uJ 'gb,fvakd er,fxifw;kH ? ]vlr&Sad ompdw}f [kw&f UJ vm;?
tawG;awGbmawG ray:awmhb;l ? tawG;awG bmawG[m ]0D&, d } r&Sw d mudk tawG;
ac:w,f? ]0D&, d } - yÍö'gG &m0ZÆe 'dyG Íö'gG &m0ZÆe orÜ#d pKdä i;f oEÅ&D P tm0ZÆe;f awG bmawG?
qifjcifwmawGu ]0D&, d } r&Sv d Ykd tJvjkd zpfwm? ]0D&, d oarÁmZÑi}f &S&d if tJ'v D kd vlawG?
rde;f rawG? a,mufsm;awG &Sw d [ hJ mawG rawG;bl;/ [kwu f v hJ m;? aAmZÑiu f 0rf;xJ
arG;&w,f? [kw&f UJ vm;? tJvrkd w S xf m;aemf/
]vlr&Sad ompdw}f (vlr&Sad ompdw)f ? tJ'pD w d u f bmoGm;Ny;D &m*awG bmawG
oGm;vkyv f &Ykd rwH;k (r&ygbl;bk&m;)? tJvrkd &awmh &m*awG bmawGjzpfao;vm; (rjzpf
awmhygbl;bk&m;)/ ]rjzpfwm} bmopömwH;k (eda&m"opömygbk&m;)/ ]Zmwd r&PH a[mwd}
wJ?h 'g ]jzpf}vd&Yk &dS if aowmysuw f myJ? ]rjzpf} &if ]tZmwd tr&PH a[mwd} wJ?h pmawGu
tyHyk &J w dS ,f/ 'gayr,fh qdik &f mqdik &f mav;awG ajym&w,f? 'grSvnf; y&dowfvnf;
rNi;D bl;? aysmv f nf;aysmw f ,f [kwu f v
hJ m;/
]vlr&Sad om pdw}f (vlr&Sad ompdw)f ? Mind without Man ---qdv k u kd pf rf; (Mind
without Man)? a[m 'Dvjkd yefvu kd af wmh ]vlr&Sad om pdw}f (vlr&Sad om pdw)f ? tJvu kd srS
]pdwrf &Sad omvl} (pdwrf &Sad omvl)? a[m ]eifeh YJ [,f pdwrf &Sw d v hJ Bl u;D vdyk J qJrem qdrk emeJ}Y /
qJ&if b,folYqJwHk; (em;udkqJwmygbk&m;)? vQmxkwfajymif&if b,folYajymifwHk;
(rsupf u d akd jymifwm)? rsupf u d b,forYl supf w d ;kH (emrf½yk &f UJ rsupf yd gbk&m;)? ]emrf½yk }f
&JUrsupf ?d ]vl}Y rsupf &d &dS UJ vm; (r&Syd gbk&m;)? ]vl} qdak wmh a'goxGuw f ,f? ]vl} r&S&d if
a'gorxGub f ;l / ]&m*ponfh q,fw h pfr;D Nird ;f Ny;D xdek Ad mÁ ef}? um;eJo Y mG ;aomfvnf;aumif;?
aps;0,fomG ;aomfvnf;aumif; tJvakd v; qdq k kd ay;vd&Yk &dS if aps;0,fwv hJ v l nf; ]edAmÁ ef}
a&mufw,f? aps;a&mif;wJv h v l nf; ]edAmÁ ef} a&mufw,f/ 'Dvrkd [kw&f if aps;0,fwv hJ el YJ
aps;a&mif;wJv h el YJ &efjzpfaewwfw,f? r[kwv f m;? &efjzpfwm vlawG&adS wmh jzpfwmaygh?
tJvkd bmnmeJ?Y [Jah umifr bmnmeJ?Y 'gu vlawGukd ac:wJeh mrnf? 'gawGr&S&d bl;?
[kwu f v
hJ m; (rSev f yS gbk&m;)/
]pdwrf &Sad omvl}? tJ'grSvQmxkwaf jym&if b,fou Yl kd ajymifwm (rsupf u d akd jymif
ygw,fb&k m;)? b,forYl supf w d ;kH (emrf½yk &f UJ rsupf )d ? bmaMumifh jzpfw;kH vdaYk r;&if&ao;
w,f? [kwu f v hJ m;? ]vl} rSm rsupf &d &dS UJ vm; (r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)? ]vlawG}vdaYk um &S&d UJ vm;
(r&Syd gbl;bk&m;)? uJ ]vl} &,fvrYkd &Sb d eJ YJ ajymifwmudk ighajymifwmvdYk oGm;vkyaf wmh
a'gorxGub f ;l vm; (xGuyf gw,fb&k m;)? ]vl} &Sw d mudk ]rdpmä ouFy}Ü wJ?h ]rdpmä r*f} 0ifomG ;
wm (rSeyf ghb&k m;)? tJ'D ]rdpmä r*f}rSe;f odvu kd v f &Ykd &dS if r0ifawmhb;l ? tJ'v D kd r0ifawmh
]Nird ;f } aevdu k w f m/ jrwfpmG bk&m;Bu;D usawmh qGr;f cHomG ;vnf; ]Nird ;f }}? xdik af e&if;rwfwwf
vnf; ]Nird ;f }}? bmjzpfjzpf ]Nird ;f }}aewmyJ r[kwb f ;l vm; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? 'umrBu;D wdu Yk sawmh
wpfa,mufwnf;ae&if ysi;f w,f? pum;ajymazmf&w dS q
hJ D oGm;w,f? tJv?kd tJ'g emrf½yk f
omrSwx f m;aemf (rSev f yS gbk&m;)/
rsupf u d v kd nf;od&rnf? tqif;udv k nf;od&rnf? oHa,mZOfuv kd nf; od&rnf?
oH;k ckov d Qif edAmÁ efciG f vsiv f siaf jy;awmhonf/
tJ'rD supf jd rifwmxJrmS ]oHa,mZOf} rjzpfb;l qd&k if bmac:owH;k ? ]rjzpfwm}m}av?
]tZmwd}? ]tZmwd}/ ]tZmwd r Z&m Asm""dd t H rwH edA, Ç H *wm {0rm'd *kPal ywH}awG
r&Sb d ;l vm; pmawGrmS (&Syd gw,fb&k m;)? rsupf u d vnf; ]oHa,mZOf} rjzpfbJ ae&if&w,f?
em;awG ESmacgif;awGua&maygh? yxrwef; ususeeav; pdwu f ;l ay;vdu k pf rf;/
oHa,mZOfr&Sw d meJY rEdiI ;f ,SOw
f m bmxl;owH;k
tvGeÓ f Pfaumif;wJh wdjYk refrmjynfom;awG bmvd'Yk v D t
kd ukov kd af wGjzpfae
&rvJ? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSevf yS gbk&m;)? tJ'gaMumifrh Ykd ]rdpmä ouFy}Ü wdrYk eS ;f oday;? 'gu
]rdpmä ouFy}Ü ? 'gu ]or®mouFy}Ü vdYk tJvo kd ad y;aemf (rSev f yS gbk&m;)/ ]rsuf p d u jrif
rEdiI ;f ,SO}f ? rsupf u d ]½lyg½H}k udjk rifawmh bmudEk iId ;f ,SOrf mS wH;k (rEdiI ;f ,SOyf gbk&m;)? ]vl}udk
jrif&ifom [du k acsmw,f? 'Duracsmbl;? [du k ylw,f? 'Du at;w,feYJ ]ESpcf }k &Srd S
EdiI ;f ,SOw f m? ]ESpcf }k r&S&d if rEdiI ;f ,SOb f ;l ? ]{aum"ar®m} jzpfomG ;w,f (rSev f yS gbk&m;)?
tJ'g yxrwef; jzpfomG ;wm/ ]rsupf u d jrif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGif w&m;&} w&m;&}/ ]oHa,mZOf}
r&Sw d meJY ]rEdiI ;f ,SO}f wmeJY bmxl;owH;k (twlwyl gyJb&k m;)? twlwyl gyJ? uJ olwumu
vQmeJx Y w k af jymif&if qJcsiaf o;ovm; (rqJcsiyf gbl;bk&m;)? qJcsiw f m u ]jzpf} ao;vm;
(rjzpfawmhygbl;bk&m;)/
]jzpf}wmu bmopömwH;k ('kuo © pömygbk&m;)/
]jzpfaMumif;} u bmopömwH;k (ork',opömygbk&m;)/
]rjzpf} &if bmopömwH;k (eda&m"opömygbk&m;)/
]rjzpfaMumif;} u bmopömwH;k (r*¾opömygbk&m;)/ tJovdk ]opömav;yg;}
udv k nf; ae&mwdik ;f ae&m wdik ;f rSm azmfjy&w,f (rSev f yS gbk&m;)? tJ'v D kd rsupf u d vnf;
]opömav;yg;} &Sw d myJ? em;uvnf; ]opömav;yg;} &Sw d myJ/ ]rsupf u d v kd nf; od&rnf}?
]od&rnf} vdq Yk w kd mu ]pu©KÍö yZmemwd} qdw k m ]y&dan,s} udak [mwm/ ]tbdan,sm
y&dnmESihf y[mwAÁ opäu d [k r*¾bm0em av;opömudk q&mrqdk tvdv k vkd Qi}f qdw
k m
]or®morÁK'¨ *kPaf wmf}? 'gu teuf/ ]yZmemwd} qdw k mav (rSeyf gbk&m;)/
rsupf u d v kd nf; od&rnf? tqif;udv k nf; od&rnf? ]tqif;} qdw k mbmwH;k
od&UJ vm; ]0PÖ"mwf}? ]0PÖ"mwf}[m vlvm;? a,mufsm;vm; (r[kwyf gbl;bk&m;)?
tJ'x D u J udu k ]vlr[kwaf ompdw}f qdw k mu tJ'gw,freS w f hJ pdwv f nf;jzpfaew,f?
[kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? tJ'gawGukd tao;pdwo f o d ad y;? odav [efav? odav
[efavyJ? ]vl} r[kwb f ;l qdw
k t hJ odu tvGet f zd;k wefw,f? jrwfpmG bk&m;u ]owå0g
r&S[ d al om todonfomvQif vd&k if;jzpfw,f}wJ/h tJ'gbmvdv Yk w kd ;kH qdak wmh 'Dvkd ]a'guf}
vdq Yk v kd u kd af wmh 'Du ]a'guf}vdYk toHrMum;bl;vm; (Mum;ygw,fb&k m;)? em;xJ a&muf
oGm;&if tJ'g ]t½lyemrf} jzpfomG ;w,f? 'DrmS u ]a'guf} vdYk qdv k u kd wf mu ]½ky}f -toH/
]oyÜwd aomw0dnmPH bm0H*päww D d oa'´g} wJ?h ]a,mobma0g - tMuifoabm
w&m;onf? aomw0dnmP bm0H - aomw 0dnmPf\tjzpfu?kd *päwd - a&mufwwf
\}}? ]r[mbkwaf v;yg;} udu k ]aomw0dnmPf} oGm;jzpfw,f? 'gaMumifh ]0dnmP} mP}eJY

]"mwfig;yg;} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]tmumo} eJY jrwfpmG bk&m;u a[mvdu k af wmh ]"mwfajcmufyg;}
jzpfomG ;w,f? yuúKomwdrif;Bu;D [m wpfcgwnf; ]tem*grf} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]vl} r[kwb f J
jzpfomG ;w,f? ]tem*grf} jzpfomG ;awmh bmac:owH;k ? ]vl} r[kwb f J jzpfomG ;w,f?
vl[w k &f if &m*? a'goawGjzpfrmS aygh (rSev f yS gbk&m;)? tJvkd 'umBu;D wdu Yk vTw*f ½k
pdu
k af y;? em½Hw k ifr[kwb f ;l ? yxrwef;vnf; BuaH y; (rSev f yS gbk&m;)/ BuaH y;rS ]or®m
ouFy}Ü jzpfw,f? rBub H eJ rYJ sm; a[mvdu k w f ikd ;f 'Dvx kd ikd af e? ]or®mouFy}Ü rjzpfb;l ?
]or®mouFy}Ü rjzpf&if ]or®m'd|}d rjzpfb;l ? ]or®m'd|}d rjzpfv&Ykd &dS if ]emrf½yk }f ra&mufb;l ?
]emrf½yk }f ra&muf&if jzpfysuaf wG rjrifb;l ? [kwu f v
hJ m; (rSev f yS gbk&m;)? b,fEpS ef m&D
xd;k Nyw
D ;kH ? &Spef m&DcaJG wmhrmS ? a[m&if yxrwef;awG awmfawmf&adS o;wm? [kwu f v hJ m;/
em;uMum;wHk o'´g½Hk vlyrkH rSw&f ? em;uMum;&if rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGif w&m;&/
em;udv k nf; od&rnf? toHuv kd nf; od&rnf? oHa,mZOfuv kd nf; od&rnf/
oH;k ckov d Qif edAmÁ efciG f vsiv f siaf jy;awmhonf/
tJ'gu ]"r®mEkyóem} u ]oabmw&m;awG} udk ajymwmaemf? vlawG bmawGukd
ajymwmr[kwb f ;l ? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSeyf gbk&m;)? vlawG bmawGukd ]t&S}d rxm;&bl;?
pdwx f u J kd ]r&Sb d ;l ? r&Sbd ;l } eJv Y nf; qdak e&w,f (rSev f yS gbk&m;)? odrYk Ykd [dt k aygufu
0ifvm? 'Dtaygufu 0ifvm? ]raemayguf} awmh Nird ;f raebl;vm; (Nird ;f aeygw,fb&k m;)?
tJv[ kd m ]jzpf&m}m}ac:w,f? ]raemayguf} u jzpf&m? ]'kuo © pöm} 'Duod&w,f? pGe;f vGe;f
q&mawmfu ]um,aygufBu;D }}u Munfw h m? 'gaMumifh olcY rsmrSm wpfcgwnf; acR;awG
wvH;k vH;k eJY r[kwb f ;l vm; (rSeyf gbk&m;)/ ]"r®mEkyóem} óem}u ]raemayguf}u Munfv h nf;
&w,f? ]rsufpdayguf}u Munfhvnf;&w,f? tm,weudkwJh ]ork',Íö tw¬*FrÍö
,xmblwH yZmemwd} wJ/h ]{w¬aue ar0 - þrQavmufomvQi?f bduK© aem - &[ef;\?
'óeH - tjrifonf? ok0o d 'k H¨ - aumif;pGmpifMu,fNy?D a[mwd - jzpf\} wJ/h tJ'D
rsupf ad wG em;awGukd ]tjrifpifMu,f}&ifvnf; 'gvnf; yxrwef;yJw?hJ [kwu f v hJ m;
(rSeyf gbk&m;)? uJ awmfMuOD;pdYk (om"k om"k om"k)/ uJ -a&pufcs&rSmqd/k w&m;yGJ
rwnfwm aumif;ygw,f? tm;vH;k vdu k q f /kd ]baEÅ-t&Sib f &k m;? £rHyn k H - þnw&m;yGJ
pDpOfjcif;aMumifjh zpfaom ukov kd of nf? tmo0u©,H - td;k aygufrS a&,du k souJo h Ykd
'Gg&ajcmufyg;rS wzGm;zGm; w'D;'D; ,dpk ;D wwfaom? avmb 'd|d arm[wd\ Yk uke&f m
ukeaf Mumif;jzpfaom edAmÁ efu}kd ? avmbwdYk 'd|w d Ykd arm[wdq Yk w kd mu vlawGukd odwhJ
todrsKd ;/ ]arm[} ]arm[}qdw k m ]t0d'w d H 0dEw ´ w D d t0dZmÆ }? rodtyfaom rde;f r? a,mufsm;
tp&So d nfukd odaomaMumifh arm[udk ]t0dZmÆ } vdaYk c:w,f (rSev f yS gbk&m;)/ vlawGvYkd
od&if ]t0dZmÆ } jzpfNyv D Ykd qd&k vdrrhf ,f/ ]þ[m tmo0} (þ[mtmo0)? ]tmoa0gw&m;}
rSe;f od&if 0rf;xJrmS tmoa0grjzpfb;l / ]tmoa0g w&m;} rSe;f rod&ifjzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh
avmb 'd|d vlawGudktrSwf&NyD; atmufarhNyD; [dktjypfudk 'Dtjypfudk qdkvdkY&Sd&if
]þ[mtmo0? þ[mtmo0jzpfaMumif;? þ[m tmo0csKyf&m}? tJvdkvnf;
½I½aI y;&w,f/
]þ[m'kuo © pöm? þ[mork',opöm? þ[mr*¾opöm}/
tJovdv k nf; qdk qdk ay;&w,f/
]þ[m½ky?f þ[m½kyjf zpfaMumif;? þ[m½kycf sKyaf Mumif;}?
]þ[ma0'em? þ[ma0'emjzpfaMumif;? þ[ma0'emcsKyaf Mumif;}/
]a0'emcsKyaf Mumif;} uvnf; t0dZmÆ ? wPSm? Oyg'gef? uHawGuvnf; vlawG
d yYkd gyJ? ]t0dZmÆ }}aMumifq
&Sv h kd rrSm;awmhb;l / ]t0dZmÆ }}qdw k mvnf; vlawGow d hJ todrsKd ;/
]£rHyn k H - þw&m;yGJ usi;f yay;&aom aumif;rIonf? tmo0u©,H - bHt k m;jzifh
b0*f? "r®tm;jzifh a*gMwblwikd af tmif}? t0Dpd uvnf; bHx k yJ gw,f/
tJ'aD wmh ]tmoa0g w&m;} qdw k m a&mufw[ hJ mawGukd ajymwm? ]a*gMwbl}
usawmh ra&mufEidk af wmhb;l aygh? ]r*fzv kd }f jzpfomG ;w,f? ]r*fzv kd }f qdw k m ]ÓPf}? ]ÓPf}
qdwk mu b,f[mwH;k vdq Yk akd wmh? ]ÓP0dy, Ü w
k f tukov kd f avmuDuo kd m tm½Hjk yK
ownf;}? ]ÓP0dy, Ü w k }f u vlawG bmawGvYkd jzpfomG ;Ny;D awmh ]tukov kd }f vnf; jzpfjyefNyD
qd&k if tJ'g ]avmuD} yJ tm½Hk jyKw,f? tJ'g ]avmuD} tm½Hjk yKv&Ykd &dS if ]'kuo © pöm} yJ?
opömqdw k mvG,v f ,G af v;yJ/ ]ÓP0dy, Ü w k f tukov kd f avmuDuo kd m tm½Hjk yKownf;}?
olww Ykd &m;em&ygapqdw k hJ apwemeJY usi;f ywmu ukov kd af umif;rI&w,f/ ]þ[m
tmoa0gw&m;}? ]þ[mtmoa0gw&m;} ukefw,f r&Sdbl;vdkY qdkvdkufvdkY&Sd&if
'gyxrwef ; w&m; jzpf o G m ;w,f ? ]yxrwef ; uk o d k v f B uD ; } vT w f j zpf o G m ;w,f

(rSev
f yS gbk&m;)? omrefav;jzpfwmr[kwb f ;l ? enf;enf;av;r[kwb f ;l ? tvGet Yf vGef
aumif;wJh ukov kd v
f rYkd wS &f r,f (rSev f yS gbk&m;)/ wynfah wmfw\ Ykd ukov kd o f nf? trSL;
xm;í usi;f y&aom ukov kd o f nf? ]emr oP²mef ra&muf&ef trSeo f wdjyK}? emrnfawG
oP²mefawGa&muf&if ukov kd af wmh&w,f (rSev f yS gbk&m;)? tukov kd vf nf; jzpfwwf
w,f? 'gaMumifh emrnfawG oP²mefawGukd usKyu f odyrf oH;k bl;? [kwu f v hJ m; (rSev f yS g
bk&m;)/ ]&m*a'go jzpfav&m ynwfawGvnf; yg&yg} yg&yg}/ emrnfwYkd oP²mefwYkd rygeJ?Y
tck rsupf u d jrifwmu ]ynwf} ygoGm;vdYk ]vl}jzpf oGm;wm? ynwfryg&if ]½lyg½H}k yJ&w dS ,f?
jrwfpmG bk&m;wdu Yk ]y&rwf}yJ? jrwfpmG bk&m;wdu Yk 'gawGjrif&if ]½lyg½Hak wG} yJ jrifwmyJ
(rSevf yS gbk&m;)? 'grS ]y&rwf} jzpfw,f/
þaumif;rIukd ]tmoa0gukeaf Mumif;} jzpfaom w&m;yGpJ &D ifaom ukov kd u f ?kd
r,H -wynfah wmf wynfah wmfrwdo Yk nf? ua&mr - jyKyguke\ f ? £r
£rH - þaumif;rIonf?
tmo0u©,H - vlawGbmawG r&Sw d murS tmoa0gukew f m? vlawGbmawGuv kd nf;
odxm;&w,f? tJvo kd ad wmhrS ]vl} qdw k m ]tmoa0gw&m;}
]tmoa0gw&m;}xJygw,f? ynwfu;kd ?
ynwfqw kd m ]&m*ponfh q,fw h pfr;D Nird ;f Ny;D xdek Ad mÁ ef}udk ra&mufb;l (rSev f yS gbk&m;)/
]&m*awG} r&Srd u S ;kd ? vlawGbmawGqakd wmh &m*&Sw d wfw,f? 'gaMumifh ]&m*aysmuf
w&m;? a'goaysmufw&m;} ac:w,f (rSev
w&m; f yS gbk&m;)/ wynfah wmf\ aumif;rIonf
]&m*aysmuf? a'goaysmuf} jzpfaom ]edAmÁ ef} tusKd ;iSm vSL'gef;yguke\ f ? þaumif;rIukd
trdtb? q&morm;wdt Yk m; tpxm;í a0ae,swt Ykd m;vnf; trQay;a0yguke\ f /
tuREykf wf u
Ykd o
hJ Ydk tmoa0gukecf ef;aom? ukecf ef;aMumif;jzpfaom ukov kd u f jkd yKí
]ukecf ef;jcif;} [laom tusKd ;ud&k í ]&m*ponfh q,fw h pfr;D Nird ;f Ny;D aomyk*Kd¾ vrf sm;}
jzpfMuygapukeo f wnf;/
uJ---awmfMuOD;pd/Yk
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]]tmoa0gy,fazsmufw&m;awmf }}
15. 8. 2007
owdjzifh tbdZÑm a'greóudk y,fazsmufae&r,f
]oawm bdua© 0 bduK© }? ]oawm
]oawm- owd&o dS nfjzpfí}? owduawmh ukov kd af ygh?
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k m
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f Ykd vlvyk cf siw
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jzpfcsiw f ,f? rsupf zd iG v hf u f meJY tJ'D ]tmo0}
dk w ]tmo0}u jzpfcsiw f ,f/
rsupf ud jrif tqif;jrif? vljrif tmo0/
em;u Mum;vQif toHyif? vlxif tmo0/
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]arm[}u
avmbjzpfw,f? a'gojzpfw,f? ]arm[} ]arm[}uvlxifw,f? tJ'gudak jymwm? tJ'g yxrwef;
w&m;? tJ'geJu Y u
kd wf ,f? tJ'aD wmh ]rsupf }d vnf; owdrxm;&bl;vm;? xm;&rvm;
(xm;&ygw,fb&k m;)? ]em;} aum(owdxm;&ygw,fb&k m;)? olu ]tmo0} ]tmo0}udk tm;ay;
wm? eifwu Ykd tm;ay;tm;ajrmufawGukd qkawmif;,lMuw,f? qkawmif;vkdY jzpfwhJ
rsupf ad wG? jrwfpmG bk&m;wdu Yk awmh rawmif;csiaf wmhb;l ? ]£ar tmo0g} tmo0g}? ]£ar-
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arm[awG}u xdik af ewmawGukd ]vlawG} xdik w f ,f? ]ig}
]ig}xdik wf ,f? tJ'[ D m ESpcf k xifwmyJ?
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Ykd ]tmo0}
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u vlawGvYdk rxifb;l vm; (xifygw,fb&k m;)? ]vlawG}vdYk bmudx k ifwmwH;k qdak wmh?
ta&awG? tom;awG? t½d;k awGudk xifw,f? tJ'gaMumihf rif;wkYd ]owd} &S?d ta&?
tom;? t½d;k vnf;vky?f oGm;w,f? vmw,fvnf;vky?f 0ifavxGuaf vvnf;vky?f
tJ'gu owdy|meftvky?f ]um,mEkyóemowdy|mef} ac:w,f? a0'emawGem&if
]a0'emEkyóem} ac:w,f? pdwaf wGjzpf&ifvnf; ]pdwmå Ekyóem} óem}/
'gayr,fh rsm;ukefwwfw,f? ]vl}r&Sdatmifomvkyf? ]vl}r&Sdatmifuawmh
igajymovk?d ]odwmuemrf xdik w f mu½kyf emrf½yk }f ? ]emrf½yk }f qdak wmh vl&adS o;ovm;?
odwmu ]emrf}? xdik w f mu ]½ky}f ? ]emrf½yk }f ? ]emrf½yk }f &S&d if bmawG&v dS J (rsupf ad wG
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tJ'D ]tmo0} tm;ay;wJh rsupf ad wGuvnf; ]vlawG}udo k yd rf Munhef ?YJ odyrf ajymeJ?Y
]vl}vdv
Yk nf;rxifeYJ ]odwmuemrf xdik w f mu½kyf emrf½yk }f /
]emrf½yk }f &Sv
d Qif bmawG&o dS wH;k (rsupf ad wG? em;awG&ydS gw,fb&k m;)? rsupf ad wG
em;awG&w dS m vlvm;? a,mufsm;vm;? rde;f rvm; (r[kwyf gbl;bk&m;)? tJ'v D o
kd ad wmhrS
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azsmufovm; (azsmufygw,fb&k m;)? ]t0dZmÆ }}azsmufawmh 0dZmÆ rjzpfb;l vm; (jzpfygw,f
bk&m;)? ]0dZmÆ } jzpfawmh udavom rvGwb f ;l vm; (vGwyf gw,fb&k m;)? tJ'g ]0dZmÆ
0drw
k }då ac:w,f/ tJvjkd zpfatmif vTwo f ifay;&wm? b,favmufoif&wH;k rSwo f vJ?
wpfEpS f oifvnf; rNy;D bl;? 2 ESpv f nf;rNy;D bl;? jrwfpmG bk&m;qdk 45 ESpv f ;kH oifomG ;&wm?
tJ'vD kd tmoa0gBu;D r&Sad tmif oifay;&wm? igwdu Yk olajymwJt h wdik ;f vky&f wm/
]£ar tmo0g} av;awmh qdq k akd y;/
rsupf jd rifwkH ½lyg½H?k txHak zsmufuek &f m

]£ar- þavmb 'd|d arm[wdo
Yk nf? tmo0g- tmoa0gw&m;wdYk rnfuek \
f }?
tb,faMumifh tmoa0gw&m; rnfovJq&kd if t&ufvkd ]xH}k wwfaomaMumifh
rqdw
k wf&if vdu k vf ukd q
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kd o k m naeus&if
&m*awGrvkycf sib f ;l vm;? tJ'g ]xHw
k ,f} ac:w,f? rde;f rcsi;f jrif&if ud,k x f ufom&if
remvdw k m rxifb;l vm;? tJwm ]xHw k m- tmo0} ac:w,f? tJ'v D kd ]xH}k rSmpd;k vd?Yk
]rxH}k eJ/Y
rsupf jd rifwkH ½lyg½H?k txHak zsmufuek &f m/
em;uMum;wHk o'´g½H?k txHak zsmufuek &f m/
txHak zsmufuek &f mownf;/
rsupf ed jYJ rifawmh ]½lyg½H}k jrifw,f? ]txHak zsmufuek &f mownf;} qdak wmh ud,
k u
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azsmufw,fqdkwm ]tmoa0gw&m;}
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bmjzpfrmS vJqakd wmh bk&m;&[EÅmawmifjzpfrmS ? 'gaMumifh tJ'x D jd zpfatmif yxrwef;
jzpfatmif yxrwef;w&m;awG vkyaf e&w,fvYkd rSwx f m;/
tmo0vdYk odwm owd? vlvo
Ykd w
d m 'dXd
]£ar tmo0g}
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rl;&if rde;f rawGeaYJ ezdyYk J olpw d uf ;l w,f? acG;vdk acG;vnf; acG;rqDukd pdwu f ;l w,f? t&uf
rl;&if rde;f rawG a,mufsm;awGqD Buw H myJ? tJ'g ]xHw k m} ac:w,f/
tJ'g bmwH;k - tJ'g ]tmo0} ]tmo0}/
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]t0dZmÆ o0}
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vdo d m ]owd}? ]vl} vdo
Yk w Yk w d m ]'d|}d ? 'Dem;av;wif a0hvnfaMumifywfav;eJY 0Jvv kd nS hf
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kd v f ukd v
f &Ykd &dS if jyKwo f mG ;
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vltwdik ;f xm;vdu Yk awmh naeus&if t&ufaomufvmwJh vlvkd rl;vmNy?D bmra&
nmra&ac:? bmcsuw f ;kH nmcsuw f ;kH r[kww f rf;w&m;awG avQmuf ajym? tJ'gawGeYJ
jzpfuek Mf uNy?D tedpaö umif 'kua© umif/
tedpaö umif 'kua© umif xifatmif ESv;kH oGi;f /
tedpw ö ;kH 'kuw© ;kH vH;k vH;k rSwMf urif;/
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ö ;kH ac:w,f?
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avmb 'dXd arm[wdo
Yk nf tmoa0gw&m;wdYk rnfuek \
f /
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tcsed uf s&if t&ufukd aomufcsiw f m? ]avmb}
]avmb}wd?Yk ]qE´}wdYk r[kwb f ;l vm;? 'D ]tmoa0g
w&m;} udu k ]tmoa0gjzpfaMumif;} jyefjzpfw,f? &dyrf v d m;? naeus&if t&ufu
rrl;csifbl;vm; (rl;csifw,fbk&m;)? tJ'g b,folwHk;? avmb? tJ'Dhavmbqdkwm
b,fow l ;kH qdak wmh? tJ'aD vmbqdw k m]vl ]vl}? rl;csiaf ew,f? tJ'v D u l b,fow l ;kH ? ]arm[}
u vljzpfaew,f/ ]arm[} ]arm[}u vljzpfawmh raomufcsib f ;l vm;? aomufcsiyf gw,f?
]tmoa0gjzpfaMumif;} u b,fow l ;kH ? ]tmo0} yJ? avmbwJ?h tJ'gaMumifh ]ork',opöm}
vdaYk c:w,f? tJ'v D u kd kd q&majymrSu&kd yd rf w d ;l / ]£ar tmo0g}? ]£ar-
d m? odrYk rYkd &dyrf b
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owdy|mef ryGm;&if tmo0uyJ jyefNy;D tmo0jzpfaMumif; jyefjzpfw,f

]£ar- þowdy|mef ryGm;rsm;jcif;wdo Yk nf? tmo0g-
tmo0g-tmoa0gw&m; jzpfaMumif;
wdkYrnfukef\}/ tJ'gvTJajymwm? owdy|mef ryGm;bl;? qHyif? arG;nif;? ajconf;?
vufonf;? tom;ta&awG rvkyb f ;l ? oGm;wm xdik wf m ]½ky}f vdrYk [kwb
f ;l ? ]ig} yJ
f ,fq&kd if owdy|mefryGm;bl;/ ]owdy|mef} ryGm;&if ]tmoa0gw&m;} jzpfjcif;&JU
xkid w
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]tmoa0gw&m;}yJ
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f eJ YJ ]vla,mifaqmif}ovdak ygh/
vdak ygh? vlr[kwb
vlr[kwb
f eJ YJ vlvYkd ta,mifaqmifwm 'd|d
]avmbawG} u t&ufaomufcsiw f ,f jyefjzpfw,f? ]a'goawG}u pdwjf yefq;kd
w,f? ]avmb} uvl? ]'d|}d uvljzpfatmifvyk ?f ]vl}uavmb? 'd|jd zpfatmifu ]arm[} ]arm[}?
tJ'[ D myJ? ]ta,mifaqmifw,f} odvm;? odvu kd w
f mu avmb? a'gojzpfaMumif;
qdwk m ]ta,mifaqmifwm} [m avmb? a'go? arm[qdw k hJ tmo0gjzpfjcif;&JU
taMumif; ]ta,mifaqmif}? ]vlta,mifaqmif} u b,fow l ;kH odvm; ]'d|}d ? ]'d|}d
ta,mifaqmifu ]arm[} ]arm[}? ta,mifaqmifev YJ l wlovm;? vlawmhvyl ?J ]vlta,mif
aqmif}? Oyrm- pydik w f v
Ykd akd ygh? pHak xmufw?Ykd poH;k vH;k wdaYk ygh? olwu Ykd ]vl} yJ? vluvlxJ
0ifaew,f r[kwv f m;? ]vl}u vlx0J ifNy;D olu b,fou l kd zrf;owH;k ? tJvkd ]tmo0
jzpfaMumif;} &dyrf v
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]t0dZmÆ avmb 'd|}d / ]£ar- þavmb 'd|d arm[wdo Yk nf? tmo0g- tmoa0g
w&m;wdYk rnfuek \ f }/
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rnfuek \ f }/ ]vl} r[kwb f eJ YJ vlvYkd ta,mifraqmifb;l vm;? vlvYkd ]ta,mifaqmif}
wm ]'d|}d ? vlvYkd ta,mifaqmifNy;D w&m;cHawG rvdck sib f ;l vm;? ]vdck siw
f m} u ]avmb}
aygh? tJ'gu bmujzpfowH;k qd&k if ]arm[} ]arm[}ujzpfwm? tJovdjk yefjzpfw,f? tJovdrk eS ;f
rodvYkd tJovdk ]tmoa0gw&m;} jzpfw,f/ ]ta,mifaqmif} rSe;f od&if tJovdk ta,mif
aqmifxm;tH;k rvm;/ ]£ar- þavmb 'd|d arm[wdo Yk nf? tmo0g- tmoa0g
w&m;wdYk rnfuek \ f }/ avmb 'd|d arm[yJ ]tmoa0g jzpfaMumif;}}vdYk qdv k &Ykd &dS if tJ'g
raumif;wwfvYkd ta,mifaqmifv?Ykd ]avmb 'd|d arm[} ta,mifaqmif/ ]£ar-
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a,mufsm;? rde;f r? tJ'g tmoa0gujzpfvmwJh ]ta,mifaqmifaumifawG}? tJ'gudk
]tedpaö umif 'kua© umif} qdpk rf; (tedpaö umiff 'kua© umif)? tJ'gu ]vl}vdYk rjzpfb;l vm;?
wu,fv h Bl u;D qdNk y;D acgif;aygif; pBu;D ? awmif&n
S f ykq;kd Bu;D eJY roGm;bl;vm;/ tJ'g
]tmoa0gta,mifaqmifvlaumif}? ]tmoa0g ta,mifaqmifrdef;raumif}?
]tmoa0gta,mifaqmif a,mufsm;aumif}/
tJ'g ]tmoa0g} ukeaf tmifvyk af y;wm? oeyfcg;awG bmawGeYJ wu,fh rde;f r
Bu;D rSwaf ewm? wu,frh ed ;f rBu;D r[kwb f ;l ? ]ynm&S}d jrifwhJ tjrifajymwmyg? a,mufsm;
uawmh wu,frh ed ;f rBu;D jrifNy;D &m*pdw?f a'gopdwf jzpfrmS aygh/ ]ynm&S}d u rde;f rawGukd
tmoa0gta,mifaqmif? rde;f rta,mifaqmif? bmaMumifh rde;f rta,mifaqmifv?J
vlu t½dk;awG? tom;awG? tlawG? tpmopf? tpma[mif;awG r[kwfbl;vm;?
oH;k q,fEh pS af um|movkyaf wmh? ]tmoa0g} ta,mifaqmifvm;? rde;f rta,mifaqmif
vm;? tJ'gudk rde;f rawGvx Ykd ifawmh? vlt vm;? vlyg;vm;? tJvkd w&m;udx k ifatmif
ajym&w,f? a,mufsm;t vm;? rde;f rt vm;/
jrwfpmG bk&m;us tJovdv k yk af y;wm? eef;awmfu xGuv f mNy;D tJovdv
k yk f
ay;wm? rif;wdu Yk vlyg;Bu;D awG rvkyb f ;l vm;? ]ig}
]ig}u awmfw,f? ]ig} u wwfw,f?
pifppf ]tmo0ta,mifaqmif}? tmo0u bmwH;k ? ]tmo0} u ]avmb 'd|d arm[}
]tmo0 ta,mifaqmif} ubmwH;k ? ]tmo0 ta,mifaqmif} u vlawG? a,mufsm;
awG? rde;f rawG tJ'gaMumifn h aeus t&ufaomufw,f? tdref ;D csi;f awG qJcsif qJw,f/
tJvkd vkyw f wfwmaygh? tJ'g ]tmoa0g ta,mifaqmif} ac:w,f? rde;f rawG a,mufsm;
awGvYkd rxife/YJ
tmoa0g ur®|mef;w&m;
odwmu ]emrf}? xdik w f mu ]½ky}f ? uJ rde;f r a,musmf ;[kwaf o;ovm;? tJ'hD
r[kww f mudb k J t[kwrf vkyb f ;l vm;? t[kwv f yk wf mudk ]ta,mifaqmif} rSe;f odawmh
tJ'D ]tmoa0g} &Sad o;vm; (r&Sad wmhygbl;bk&m;)? tJ'g yxrwef;jzpfomG ;wJ[ h m
tJvrkd w S ?f a&mif;wm0,fwmudk todeYJ a&mif;wm0,fwm raumif;bl;vm;? tJ'g
yxrwef;jzpfw,f? tJ'gaMumifh ]tmoa0g ur®|mef;w&m;} ac:w,f? owdorÜZOf
av;eJYyJ r[kwfbl;? [kwfw,f vkyfvdkuf&wm? rif;wdkYuawmh wpfESpfvkyfvdkYrNyD;?
ESpEf pS v
f yk vf Ykd rNy;D ? tck wpfxikd w
f nf;eJY vlr[kw?f a,mufsm;r[kw?f rde;f rr[kw?f
tJvakd v;odwmeJY [efomG ;wm/ ]£ ]£ar tmo0g}? ]£ar- þavmb 'd|ad rm[wdo
]£ar Yk nf?
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rde;f rawG? a,mufsm;awG ac:wmyJ? vlawG? a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawG[m tmoa0g
w&m;wd\ Yk ]ta,mifaqmif}? wu,fh tmoa0gw&m;Bu;D u tmoa0gw&m; ta,mif
aqmifNy;D vlawG? a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawGjzpfomG ;w,f? ]arm[} u vljzpfw,fumG ?
d ;l vm;? ]twå'|d ad wG} bmawGe?YJ
]'d|}d jzpfomG ;w,f? vlu 'd|ad vuGm? ]twå0g'kyg'gef} eJrY &Sb
]vl} qd'k |d ad ygh/
ta,mifaqmifreS ;f od&if tmo0csKyfaMumif;jzpfomG ;w,f
]vl} jzpfawmh avmbjzpf t&ufraomufcsib f ;l vm;? wcsKd U0DpuDav;eJY 5axmif?
7axmif? 4 aomif;? 5 aomif;eJ?Y ]tmoa0gw&m;} vdrv f Ykd vdrrf eS ;f rodb;l ? tJ'gvlawG
ay;vdu k vf &Ykd &dS if b,favmufaus;Zl;wifrvJ olu wpfyv k if;udk ol½Y ;kH ay;vdu k w f ,f?
a,mufsm;? rde;f rudk ]tmoa0gw&m; ta,mifaqmif} ac:w,f/
]tmoa0gw&m; ta,mifaqmif} qdw k m ]tmoa0gw&m;jzpfjcif;&JU taMumif;}}?
rsupf ad wG? ESmacgif;awGu ]tmoa0gw&m;} udt k m;ay;w,f? olwv Ykd nf; ]tmoa0g
w&m; ta,mifaqmif} ygyJ? ]tmoa0gw&m; ta,mifaqmif} r&S&d if ]tmoa0gw&m;}
&SEd ikd af o;ovm; (r&Sad wmhygbk&m;)/ pdwx f rJ mS rde;f rawG? a,mufsm;awGr&Sb d ;l ? rde;f rawG?
a,mufsm;awGu ]tmoa0g ta,mifaqmif} vdYk pdwx f rJ mS a,mufsm;awG? rde;f rawG
r&S&d if 'D ]tmoa0g} u pdwx f J &SEd ikd af o;ovm; (r&SEd ikd yf gbl;bk&m;)/
]þ[m tmoa0gcsKyaf Mumif;}}? ]ta,mifaqmif} rSe;f od&if ]tmo0csKyaf Mumif;}
jzpfomG ;w,f/ ]ta,mifaqmif} rSe;f odNyv D m;? aqGawGrsKd ;awGa&m? a,mu©rawGa&m
tJ'g ]ta,mifaqmifawG}yJ? rif;wdu Yk wu,frw S wf muG? ]tmo0ta,mifaqmif
vlaumif ewfaumif}? ]tmo0ta,mifaqmif} rSe;f od&if ]or®m'd|}d ? ]or®mouFy}Ü u
tckrS jzpfwm? ]tmo0 ta,mifaqmif} rSe;f od&if ]or®m'd|d? or®mouFy}Ü jzpf&if
aemif 'D ]tmo0} jzpft;kH rvm; (rjzpfawmhygbk&m;)/ uJ --- awmfMutH;k pd/Yk
¸¸¸¸¸
]]txl;xl;trsKd ;rsKd ;jzpfaom tjcif;t&mw&m;awmf}}

14. 9. 2007
ememy0wåd tmum&H
]ememy0wåd tmum&H}wJ?h ]emem
]emem-txl;xl;trsK;d rsK;d ? y0wåd-jzpfw?hJ tmum&
tmum&-
tjcif;t&m}}? tck xdik af ewmawGa&m? rD;vkyw f mawGa&m bmawGa&maygh? ukxm;xdik f
awGa&m? acgif;awGa&m? ajcawGa&m tJ'g ]emem} ac:w,f? ]emem y0wå-d txl;xl;
trdsK;rsKd ;awGjzpfaewJ?h tmum& - tjcif;t&m}} udak c:w,f? ]jzpfaewJh tjcif;t&mawG}/
]ememy0wåd tmum&H}? tJ'grsKd ; bmrSe;f rodbJ aerpd;k vd?Yk xdik w
f mawG? bmawG? vkyw f m
awG? udik w f mawG u bmawGw;Hk q&mhvYkd ar;vd&Yk &dS if ]ememy0wåt d mum&H}? &Scd ;kd w,f?
0yfcsw,f? bmvkyw f ,f? pum;ajymw,f? rsupf ud [dMk unfh 'DMunfh Munfw h ,f? vlBu;D
awGa&m? acgif;Bu;D awGa&m? ajcaxmufBu;D awGa&m? &ifbwfBu;D awGa&m tJ'gawG
tJ'gawGbmawGw;kH q&mhq&kd if ]ememy0wåd tmum&H} bmwJw h ;kH (ememy0wåd tmum&H)/
rsuaf wmifuav;awG cwfw,f? rSw d w
f ,f? tJ'h gu tJv h kd ]txl;xl;aom tjcif;
t&mawG}ud?k ]jzpfwhJ tjcif;t&mawG} udk rodv&Ykd &dS if igwd?Yk olw?Ykd vlw?Ykd acG;wd?Yk 0ufwYkd
jzpfoGm;w,f [kwf&JUvm;? igwdkY? olwdkY? vlwdkY? acG;wdkY? 0ufwdkY tJvdkjzpfwm[m
]ememy0wåd tmum&H} bmwJw h ;kH (ememy0wåd tmum&H)/
rEkaómqdak wmhvl jzpfomG ;w,f

0ufawGuvnf; wpfrsKd ;? acG;awGuvnf; wpfrsKd ;? aMumifawGa&m rjrifb;l vm;?
tJ'gawG aMumifawGa&m? acG;awGa&m? usm;awGa&m? a>rBu;D awGa&m tJ'gavmuBu;D rSm
jzpfwmawGu tukef tukef tuke/f 'gaMumifh jrwfpmG bk&m;u ]oAÁnK}vdaYk c:wm?
h kd odatmifvYkd tukef tukef ]oAÁH -tm;vH;k pH}k ? ]ememy0wåd tmum&H - txl;xl;
tJv
trsKd ;rsKd ;jzpfaom tjcif;t&m}} ? ]jzpfaew
ewJhJ tjcif;t&mawG}wJ?h ]txl;xl;jzpfwhJ tjcif;
t&m}
t&m}? ig olawG? a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawG tJ'gawGukd ac:wmawG? ]0dZÆ rmeó rmeó-
xif&mS ;&Sad om? tw¬ó- teuf\}? ]tw¬ó} qdw k m teufaygh? ]tw¬ynwf} ac:w,f?
tJ'g bmac:wk;H (tw¬ynwf)/
]ememy0wåd tmum&H} ? arharhaerSmpd;k vdYk vlawG bmawGuvd?Yk bmjyKvjYkd zpfw;Hk

qdak wmh a,mufsm;qdw k m t&ifrjzpfao;bl;? a[m ]r} wpfv;kH wnf;eJY vlvrYkd jzpfao;bl;?
]r} uwpfc?k ]e} uwpfc?k ]re} ]re}? reNy;D awmh ]Oó}
]Oó}? ]rEkó} ud;k / ]re} uwpfc?k ]Oó}
uwpfc/k ]reodZmemwd rEkaóm} óm}? a[m - tJ'g o'´g? o'´gac:av;awG? vlrjzpfao;bl;?
teufu? ]omoeH - taMumif;tusKd ;ud?k reodZmemod - odwwf\? £wdwo®m -
xdaYk Mumif?h rEkaóm - rEkórnf\}/
]rEkaóm} qdak wmh ]vl} jzpfomG ;w,f? av;vH;k aygif;rS vljzpfomG ;w,f? ]r }}wpfv;kH ?
]e} wpfv;kH ? ]Oof} wpfv;kH ? ]o} wpfv;kH ? av;vH;k ? tJ av;vH;k aygif;rS ]vl} jzpfomG ;w,f?
av;vH;k raygif;&if ]vl} rjzpfao;bl;? ]vl} qdak wmh pdwx f rJ mS tBuBH u;D jzpfrvmbl;vm;?
]vl} qdak wmh a,mufsm;Bu;D rde;f rBu;D qdNk y;D awmh &m*awG bmawG jzpfomG ;w,f? tJ'g
awGu tJo h vdak Mumifjh zpfw,f? rde;f rBu;D ? a,mufsm;Bu;D eJq
Y akd wmh tJ'h gu olrY jzpfcifu
]tw¬}? teufray;&if rde;f rBu;D vdYk teufray;&ao;bl;? a,musmf ;Bu;D vdv Yk nf; teuf
ray;&ao;bl;qdv k Ukd &S&d if &m*? a'gourjzpfao;bl;? tJv h rkd w
S x
f m;/
'grS ÓPfynmBu;D wJh txufwef;ÓPfaygh
tJ'gu ]0dZrÆ meó meó- xif&mS ;&Sad om? tw¬ó- teuf\ (0g) tw¬ynwf\
ememy0wåd tmum&H- txl;xl;trsKd ;rsKd ;jzpfaom tjcif;t&mud}k ? a[m vSnMhf unfw h ,f?
iHw
Yk ,f tJ'gawG? EIwq f ufw,f? pum;ajymw,f tJ'gawG/ ]ememy0wåd tmum&H -
txl;xl; trsKd ;rsKd ;jzpfaom tjcif;t&mud?k Oyg'g, - pGí J }? tJ pGNJ y?D olvnf; ]y#dpö
orkygÜ 'f}yJ? tJ'D ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f} u tajymenf;ao;w,f? igwdu Yk tJovdak jymw,f?
tJ't D jcif;t&mudk ]txl;xl;trsKd ;rsKd ;jzpfaom tjcif;t&mudk pGí J }}wJ?h tJ'D ]tjcif;t&m}
t&m}udk
rpGb J ;l qd&k if b,fEh ,
S ahf ewH;k ? tJv h kd ]y&rwf} jzpfomG ;w,f? y&rwfeyYJ nwfqw kd m tJo
h vd?k
]y&rw¬} qdw k m obm0? tJ'[ D mudu k ]obm0} u tJ'h v D jkd zpfvmwm? tJovd*k ½kpu kd ?f
tJ'h grS ÓPfynmBu;D wJh ]txufwef;ÓPf}aygh? jrwfpmG bk&m;uvnf; ]ÓPf} ud;k /
udavomawGu 0rf;xJrmS tpm;xd;k aew,f
]trSm;eJYtrSef bk&m;qdkÓPf}? ]ÓPf} &SdrS udavomawGu t&ifwkef;u
udavomawGu 0rf;xJrmS tpm; xd;k aew,f[wk v f m;? ukwifay:rSm 'Djh yif[mawGu?
ol&adS evd&Yk &dS if 'hjD yif[m&Sv

d rYkd &bl;? tJvh t kd pm;xd;k aew,f? ]avmb a'go arm[awG}
u tpm;xd;k aew,f? olwYkd r&Sw d hJ ae&musawmh 'Djh yif[mawG tJ'aD e&m a&mufw,f?
olwYkd ae&ma&mufaevd&Yk &dS if 'Djh yif[mawG r0ifEidk b f ;l / tJvh kd ]avmb a'goawG}u
t&if&adS eawmh 'Djh yif ]ynmawG}u ]or®m'd|}d - ]or®m ouFyaÜ wG} u r0ifEikd b f ;l ?
a&arSmaf wGvykd ?J tJval wGoEÅmefrmS 0rf;acgif;xJrmS ? 'gaMumifh ]vlawG}r&Sed v YJ aYkd jymwm?
]vlawG}qdw k m tJ'D ]tw¬ynwf\}}? tJ'h gudk ]pdweå - pdwjf zif?h o0d*[ ¾ H - ud,
k Bf u;D &Swd ,f}?
]0d*[
¾ } u ]ud, k }f ac:w,f? tJ'D ]ud, k Bf u;D } &Sw
d ,fqNkd y;D tJ'h gawG ,lxm;w,f/
&Sio
f m&dyw
k &å m &Sirf [marm*¾vm’ efwYkd ÓPfeMYJ unh&f ifb,hEf ,
S rhf S r&Sb
d ;l
]o0d*[ ¾ H - ud, dS nfu?kd *a[wGm - ,lí}wJ?h tJ'gBu;D u ud,
k &f o k Bf u;D &,f?
tvH;k tcJBu;D &,f? tvH;k txnfBu;D &,f? rsucf u G Bf u;D &,f? rsupf Bd u;D &,f? rsucf ;kH Bu;D &,f?
tJ'gawGukd ]tvH;k tcJ}vdYk ac:oGm;w,f? a,musmf ;awG? rde;f rawG&v dS mawmh tJ'D
[mBu;D udv k nf; ,lxm;w,f/ ]o0d*[ ¾ H - ud,
k Bf u;D &Sod nfu?kd *a[wGm - ,lí}/
]uk, d Bf u;D } &Swd ,fvv Ykd nf; ,lxm;w,f? [du k vnf; ]txl;xl;trdsK;rsKd ;jzpfaom
tjcif;t&m}
t&m}jzihf rde;f uav;awG? yGaJ wGa&m aumifrav;awG? ½d;I awGaygh? olwjYkd ywJh
[mawGukd 'DuMunfw h hJ olu]ÓPf}? &Sio f m&dyw k &å m? &Sirf [marm*¾vm’ efwYkd ]ÓPf}
eJMY unh&f if b,ferYJ rS &Sb d ;l [kw&f UJ vm;? ]ÓPf}eJrY Munfb h eJ YJ ]vl} vdMYk unf&h if bmjzpfw;kH
(&m*awGjzpfygw,fb&k m;)? &m*awGjzpfw,f/
]ud, k Bf u;D } &Swd ,fvv Ykd nf;,lw,f? 'D ]uk, d Bf u;D } &Sw
d ,fqw kd m vufBu;D awGa&m?
ajcBu;D awGa&m? acgif;Bu;D awGa&m? aygifBu;D awGa&m wyfxm;wmudk tJ'g ]uk, d Bf u;D }
vkaYd c:w,f? tJv h v kd nf; ,lxm;awmh tJ'g ]pdw}f ujzpfvmwm? ]pdwrå a,m} a,m}wJ?h ]pdw}f
u tJv h jkd zpfvmw,f? ]raem} xJwif ]raem} xJwif? ]pdw}f ujzpfvmw,f/
a&SUu oGm;½Hak v;eJaY wmh rif;wku
Yd tedpö 'ku© rjzpfeYJ
rde;f rBu;D yH?k a,musmf ;Bu;D yH?k EGm;awG? acG;awGrmS vnf; EGm;rBu;D yH?k acG;rBu;D yH?k
acG;xD;BuD;yHk? qifBuD;yHk? tJ'g ]ememy0wåd tmum&H - txl;xl;trsdK;rsdK;jzpfaom
tjcif;t&mud?k Oyg'g, - pGí J ? o0d*[ ¾ H - ud, dS nfu?kd *a[wGm - ,lí? pdwrå a,m
k &f o a,m-
pdwjf zihNf y;D aom}}? tJ'h g ]raempdw}f ac:w,f? tJ'h pD w d u
f tJ'h v
D kd ,lvu
kd w
f ,fw?hJ tJv h kd
r,lb;l qd&k if &m*? a'gojzpfao;vm; (rjzpfawmhygbl;)? tJo h vdk tJo h vdk ]ÓPf} eJY
]ÓPf} eJ?Y tJ'h gBu;D u ]tw¬ynwf}? ]o'ýnwf}? o'´qw kd m toH? o'´qw kd m bmwH;k
(toHygbk&m;)? ]toH} vdv Yk nf; ac:w,f? ]okw}d vdv Yk nf; ac:w,f/ ]yk} qdw k m tu©&m
wpfv;kH wnf;? ]yk} qdw k m toHrxGuzf ;l vm; (xGuyf gw,fb&k m;)? ]&d} qdw k mvnf; toH
rxGuzf ;l vm;? ]yk&o
d }}? tJ'h g ]o'ýnwf}? pifppf ]yk&o
d } qdw k m ]&J&ifw
h m}m}? ]yka& *päww
D d
yk&ad om} qdwk m 'umrawG&UJ a&SUu oGm;wwfMuaomaMumihf olwYkd ]a,mufsm;} vdYk
ac:owJ?h tJ'g ]o'´g} qdw Yk ]o'´g} rvkyv
k m rif;wdu f /Ykd
&-a&SUu? *päwd- oGm;wwf\}? rde;f rawGa&SUoGm;wwfaomaMumihf olu
]yka&- Y kd
]a,musmf ;} vdaYk c:w,f? tJ'g ]o'´g} avmuBu;D jzpfw[ hJ m ajymwmyg? avmuBu;D rSm
rjzpfz;l vm; (jzpfygw,fb&k m;)/ ]ememy0wåd tmum&H - txl;xl; trsKd ;rsKd ;jzpfaom
tjcif;t&mud}k ? tJ'D ]tjcif;t&m} twdik ;f rif;wd, Yk Ml uw,f? r,lb;l vm; (,lygw,f
bk&m;)/ rde;f rawG a&SUuoGm;vkYd ]a,musmf ;} ac:wm/ pifppf ]rmwmyDwek H [',H
yla&wDwd yk&ad om} qdw k m trd tzwd\ Yk pdwEf v S ;kH udk jynhNf zKd ;apwwfaomaMumifh
]yk&o
d } ac:w,f qd&k if awmfao;wmayghu?G r[kwb f ;lk vm;? tJ'gvnf; a&S;u q&mawG
ynwfxm;wm? ]a,musmf ;awG} qdw k m trd? tzwd&Yk UJ pdwEf v S ;kH ]tar ryle?YJ usKy&f o
dS m;yJ?
at;at;xdik pf m;}? tJvakd jymwwfvYkd tJ'h gaMumihf ]a,musmf ;} rnfw,f? [kw&f UJ vm;?
at; - tJv h ukd kd a&SUuoGm;½Hak v;eJaY wmh rif;wdu
Yk tedp?ö 'ku© rjzpfe?YJ tJ'gaMumifh
]ememy0wdå tmum&H} tJ'gav;wpfv;kH wnf;qdx k m;? ]txl;xl; trsKd ;rsKd ;jzpfaom tjcif;
t&mud}k ? tJ'D ]tjcif;t&m} udk ]Oyg'g,
]Oyg'g,- pGwJ m}?}? tJ'gu ]o'´gpG}J [kw&f UJ vm;/
ÓPfu ajcajcjrpfjrpfuav; &S&d w,f

]0d*[ ¾ H - ud, d nfu?kd *a[wGm - ,lí}/ tJ'ga,musmf ;wd?Yk ud,
k Bf u;D &So k Bf u;D &Sw
d ,f
vd,
Yk w l m vufawG ajcawG raygif;bJeYJ b,fev k &f rdS wH;k ? aygif;wmudk ]orl[
YJ yk f ud,
ynwf} ac:w,f? bmac: (orl[ynwf ac:ygw,f)? aygif;xm;Ny;D awmh [dv k v dk yk vf u
kd f
'Dvv dk yk vf ukd qf akd wmh wpfcw k nf; rSwxf m;? ]ememy0wdå tmum&H - txl;xl;jzpfaom
tjcif;t&mud?k Oyg'g, Oyg'g,-pGí J ? o0d*[¾ H- ud, d nfu?kd *a[wGm - ,lí}/
k Bf u;D &So
]pdw}f xJrmS ]ud, k Bf u;D } &Sw

d ,fvv Ydk nf; r,le?YJ ],l} &if ]pdw}f vdrYk w
S ?f ]r,l} rS
]ynm} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]xGuaf v 0ifav} av;yJ? ]av} av;yJqkd ,lao;vm;? ]ud, k Bf u;D }
r&Sb dY rl ?S ,lv&Ykd &dS if acgif;Bu;D a&m? ajcBu;D a&m tJ'h g ]ynwfBu;D } jzpfNy?D ]xGuaf v
d ;l vk,
0ifav} uawmh ,lyg&JU a,musmf ;Bu;D ? rde;f rBu;D u raysmufawmh &m*awGu a&mufvm
w,f? tckvakd jymvdu k af wmh &m*awG a&mufao;vm; (ra&mufawmhygbl;)? at; tJv h kd
bmjyKvYkd ra&mufw;Hk qdak wmh ]ÓPf} eJq Y akd wmh ra&mufb;l [kw&f UJ vm;? ]ÓPf}u ajcajc
jrpfjrpfuav; &S&d w,f/ tajccHu vm&w,f/
ud,
k Bf uD;&Sw
d ,fvYkd r,l&bl;
]o'´gokw}d toHuaeNy;D vmvdu f m ]yk} qd&k if a,musmf ;rjzpfao;bl;? ]&d}qd&k if
k w
a,musmf ;rjzpfao;bl;? ]aom} qd&k if a,musmf ;rjzpfao;bl;? ]yk&ad om} vdq Yk vkd u
kd af wmhrS
teufu ]a,musmf ;} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]o'´g} u yk&ad om? ]teuf} u bmjzpfomG ;wH;k
(a,musmf ;jzpfomG ;ygw,f)? o'´gubmwH;k (yk&ad omygbk&m;)? ]yk&ad om} awmifrS wpfv;kH
wpfv;kH wnf;eJrY S jzpfao;vm;? rjzpfb;l ? aygif;vdu k af wmhrS ]o'´g} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]yk&ad om} om}?
]yk} wpfv;kH wnf;eJY a,musmf ;jzpfao;vm; (rjzpfygbl;bk&m;)? ]a,musmf ;} qdw k muteuf?
]a,musmf ;} qdw k mubmwH;k (teufygbk&m;)? ]yk&ad om} qdw k mbmwH;k (o'´gygbk&m;)?
o'´geJt
Y euf? tJ'[ D mawGukd ]ememy0wdå tmum&H - txl;xl;jzpfaom tjcif;t&mud?k
Oyg'g,
Oyg'g,-pGí J ? o0d*[ ¾ H- ud, d nfu?kd *a[wGm - ,lí}? tJ'D ]uk,
k Bf u;D &So d Bf u;D } &Swd ,fvYkd
r,l&bl;/
pdwzf efqif;wm jzpfomG ;w,f

]ud,
k Bf u;D } &Sw
d ,fq&kd if ]olu Y ,kd }f ? ]ighudk,f} eJY r&Sbd ;l vm;? tJ'D ]ud, k Bf u;D }
taMumif;udk ajymwm? ]ud, k Bf u;D } &Sw
d ,fvYkd r,lr?S ,lvu kd vf &Ykd &dS if ]ud,
k Bf u;D } vnf;
&So
d mG ;a&m---
]pdwrå a,m - pdwjf zifNh y;D aom? pdweå rd ad® wm - pdwu f zefqif;aom}}? tJ'g ]pdw}f
zefqif;wmjzpfomG ;w,f? wu,fv h l r[kww f mudk rif;wkYd ]pdwaf wG} &JU todjzpfomG ;
w,f? ]ÓPf} &JU tod[w k af o;vm; (r[kwyf gbl;bk&m;)? tJvkd rSwx f m;/
emrf½yk f ra&mufbeJ YJ b,ferYJ S w&m;urjzpfEikd b

f ;l
trSm;eJt
Y rSe?f bk&m;qdÓ k Pf? trSm;udk trSerf vkyef YJ? w&m;qdk emrf½yk u
f UJG
[efrvkyef YJ a[h? uHjyKwaf tmif BuKd ;pm;Mu/
tJ ]emrf½yk }f a&mufatmif ajym&w,f? ]emrf½yk }f ra&mufbeJ YJ b,ferYJ S w&m;u
rjzpfEikd b
f ;l tJvkd *½kpu kd ?f tck aps;oGm;w,f? ajymajymjyrSvnf; odwmud;k ? aps;a&mif;
0,fw,f? tJvkd vufvyI w f mawGu ]ememy0wåd tmum&H?
f ,f? rD;xGe;f w,f? bmvkyw
o0d*¾[H} ? tJ'DESpfrsdK;&SdvdkY&Sd&if ]pdwf} ay:vmw,f? ]pdwf} ay:vmw,fqdkwm
a,musmf ;vm;? rde;f rvm; (r[kwyf gbl;)? tJ'[ D maMumihf ]pdw}f ay:vmw,f? [kw&f UJ vm;/
pdwo
f d 0dnmPfod
]pdw}f eJY zefqif;vdu
tJ'g]pd k w f mudk avmuBu;D awmifrS bk&m;zefqif;w,fqw kd m?
]pdw}f eJY zefqif;vdu k w f ,fqkd awmfao;w,f? [kw&f UJ vm;? ]pdwrå a,m}? ]pdweå rd ad® wm}
]pdw}f uzefqif;vdu k w f m? ud, k [fh mud, k f wpfa,mufwnf;tdyaf ewJt h cgus uJ tazmf
&SmNy;D awmh? uJ - &m* a'gojzpfatmif rzefqif;bl;vm;? zefqif;ovm; (zefqif;ygw,f)?
wpfa,mufwnf;&Sw d o hJ u
l kd ajymygw,f? ESpaf ,muf&w dS o
hJ u
l awmh zefqif;p&mrvdk
awmhb;l zefqif;Ny;D om;? wpfa,mufwnf; tdyaf evd&Yk &dS if zefqif;p&mvdak wmh ]pdwå
edra®d wm - pdwu f zefqif;aom? pdwå y&duyÜad wm - pdwjf zihf Buq H tyfaom? pdwå
y&duyÜad wm emr - pdwjf zihBf upH nfjcif;rnfonf? pdwt f odrnfonf? a[mwd - jzpf\}/
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15.9.2007
tw¬pmä ,mvdYk ac:w,f
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]arm[}
]arm[}uvmwJh ]&m*} ]&m*}? tJ'h gBu;D ae&m0if,al wmh ]or®m'd|d or®mouFy}Ü u rjzpfb;l ?
rjzpfawmh b0oHo&mxJu tJ'h ]wPS D]wPSm &m*}
&m*}aMumihf a>rawGjrifvu dk v f nf; ]&m*}
]&m*}?
acG;awGjzpfvu kd vf nf; ]&m*}
]&m*}? vljzpfvu kd v ]&m*}? ]&m*}
f nf; ]&m*} ]&m*}uif;wJh ]0d&m*}
m*}udk wpfcgrS
r&bl;/
'gaMumihf ]0d&ma*g aoa|m "r®meH} ? ]"r®meH - w&m;taygif;wdw Yk iG ?f 0d&ma*g
ma*g-
&m*uif;aomw&m;onf? aoa|m aoa|m- tjrwfqHk;aywnf;}? tJhvdkodrS ]&m*} ]&m*}uif;rSm?
odkYrdkYvdkY&Sd&if ]&m*}
]&m*}ucsn;f ae&m,lw,f? vlawG oEÅmefrmS ? a,musmf ;awG oEÅmefrmS ?
rde;f rawG oEÅmefrmS ? acG;awG oEÅmefrmS ? 0ufawG oEÅmefrmS ? a>rawG oEÅmefrmS ? jcifawG&UJ
oEÅmefrSm? yk&Gufqdwf&JU oEÅmefrSm ]&m*} ]&m*}uae&m,lw,fqdkwmod&JUvm;? tckvdk
ajymwmudk 0rf;xJra&mufb;l /
tck igwdaYk jymwJ[ h mawGukd 0rf;xJa&muf&UJ vm; (a&mufygw,fb&k m;)? tJ
a&mufv&Ykd &dS if ]&m*} ]&m*}u ae&mr,lb;l ? ]a'go}
]a'go}u ae&mr,lb;l ? ]arm[}
]arm[}u ae&mr,lb;l
qd&k if? tJ'h g ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f} rjzpfb;l vm; (jzpfygw,fb&k m;)? tJv h rkd w
S x f m;/
tpwnf;u t0dZmÆ jzpfaew,f
]rsufpdu t&dyfjrif? wpfckwpfckaom tm½Hkonf? ESpfckESpfckaom 'Gg&wdkYü
jzpf\}}/ 'grS ]raem} ]raem}uvnf; bmwH;k ('Gg&ygbk&m;)? ]rsupf }d uvnf; bmwH;k ('Gg&yg
bk&m;)? ]'Gg&} &}vko d m; ]vl}vdo
Yd v Yk vd m; (vlvo Ykd Md uygw,f)? tJ'h grrSm;bl;vm;? rSm;ovm;
(rSm;ygw,fb&k m;)? rsupf u d ]wpfck wpfcak om tm½Ho k nf}? rsupf u d jrifwmbmwH;k
(½lyg½Hb k &k m;)? rsupf ud ]½lyg½H}k wpfcw k nf; jrifygw,f? 'gayr,fh ]raem} xJukd wpfck
a&mufomG ;w,f? tJ'h D ]toH}vnf; 'Dvykd ?J ]toH}u ]wpfcw k pfcak om tm½H}k yJ? ]pdw}f
xJvnf; a&mufomG ;w,f? ]aumif;vdu k wf m[,f? qd;k vku
d w f m[,f} r&Sb d ;l vm;? aumif;
wmqd;k wm b,fa&mufvw Ykd ;kH (pdwx f aJ &mufvyYkd gbk&m;)? tJv h kd jzpfwwfw,f? ]'Gg&}
ESpcf Ek pS cf k jzpfw,f? tJ'h gawG *½kpu kd ?f tpwnf;u ]t0dZmÆ }}udk jzwfaewm? tpuwnf;u
]t0dZmÆ } jzwfawmh ]ocFg&} vmao;vm; (rvmawmhygbl;bk&m;)? tpwnf;u ]t0dZmÆ }
jzwfaew,f/
yg;pyfajymwmu 0dwuf
]rsupf }d u bmjrifw;kH (t&dyu f jkd rifygw,fb&k m;)? ]t&dy}f udjk rifawmh pdwx
f J
rxifb;l vm; (xifygw,fb&k m;)? ]pdw}f xJxifawmh yg;pyfrajymbl;vm; (ajymygw,f
bk&m;)? tJ'g ]0dwuf} jzpfomG ;w,f? yg;pyfajymwmu ]0dwuf}? ]pdw}f xJuxifwm/
tJ'gav; *½kpu kd af e&ifukd ]pdw}f xJu rxifb;l qd&k if ]tedrw d b
å m0em} rjzpfb;l vm;
(jzpfygw,fb&k m;)/
]tedrw d b å m0em
m0em- edrw d rf xifaombm0em tm½Hrk xifaombm0em}}?
]tedrdwåÍöbma0[d - t&dyfedrdwfr&Sdaom 0dyóemtm½Hkudk? bma0[d -
yGm;avmh}? tJ'DxJu jrwfpGmbk&m;u ]&m[kvmokwf}udk a[mw,f? tJ'g ]tedpö}
ac:w,f? bmac:wH;k (tedpyö gbk&m;)? ]tedp}ö u ]edpBö u;D } jzpfomG ;w,f/
vlr&Sw d phJ w
d uf kd oGm;aewm
rsufpdu t&dyfjrif ? pdwfxJxifvdkY yg;pyfajym jym? "mwfoabmu y#dpö
]pu©KÍyö #dp?ö ½laypOyÜZw Æ ?d pu©K0n d mPH? wdPHÖ o*Fwzd aóm? zóypö,m
a0'em? a0'emypö,m wPSm}? tJh'gjzpfoGm;w,f? tJh'g*½kpdkuf&w,f? ]vlawG}
[kwfovm;? ]y#dpö}[kwfovm; (y#dpöygbk&m;)? ]vlr&Sdaompdwf}udk oGm;aewmu
]y#dpoö rkygÜ 'f} u vlrrS &Swd [
hJ mud?k e*kw
d ek ;f wnf;u vlr&Sb d ;l ? qkpd rf;--- (pu©KÍö y#dp?ö
½layp OyÜZw Æ ?d pu©K 0dnmPH? wdPo ÖH *Fwd zaóm? zóypö,m a0'em? a0'emypö,m
wPSm)? tJ'h D ]wPSm} a&mufomG ;w,f? bmjyKvw Ykd ;kH qdak wmh ]vl} wif&yfraeawmhb;l ?
]wPSm} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]wPSm}}u ae&m,lomG ;vdu k af wmh 'Djh yif ]orm"dawG}? ]or®m
'd|ad wG} u tJ'h aD e&m ra&mufawmhb;l ? ]wPSm}}eJyY J ]Oyg'gef} jzpfomG ;w,f? ]wPSm}
u bmjzpfomG ;wH;k (Oyg'gefjzpfomG ;ygw,fb&k m;)? uJ ]vl} vd, Yk v kd af wmh ]Oyg'gef}
l u
awGjzpfvmw,f? ]vl[kr,l emrf½kyf,l xkdol Oyg'gefuif;ownf;}/
em;uMum;wmvnf; t&dyyf J
jym}? ]pdwf}xJxifwmu raem?
]rsufpdu t&dyfjrif pdwfxJxifvdkY yg;pyfajym}
yg;pyfu ajymwmu ]0dwuf}? [kwfw,f r[kwfvm;? tJ'gav;u ]y#dpöorkyÜg'f}
ac:w,f? yg;pyfuajymvdu k af wmh ]ocFg&} jzpfomG ;w,f/
tJh'gudk ]tedrw d Íå ö bma0[d}? ]rsupf }d ujrifwm ]t&dy}f jrifwmaemf? ]em;}

u Mum;wmvnf; t&dyyf MJ um;wmyJ? tckem; rMum;bl;vm; (Mum;ygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'D
Mum;wmBu;D u b,fEh , S ahf ewH;k ? 0rf;xJrmS ]pdw}f xJa&mufomG ;w,f? qJv&Ykd &dS if ]pdw}f
xJrmS rcHcsib f ;l rcHEikd b f ;l ? tJ oabmuswmajymrS aumif;w,f/ tJ'guvnf; ]em;}
eJMY um;wm uvnf; y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fy?J ]em;}
]em;}eJMY um;wmbmwH;k (y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fygbk&m;)? ]ESmacgif;}
eJY eHwmaum bmwH;k (y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fygbk&m;)? tJ'g olY ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f} eJY olac:w,f/
tJ'h D ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f}r&Sw d m bmac:wH;k ]tedrw d å bm0em}
bm0em}? tJ'D ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f}
r&Sdwm bm bm0emwHk; (tedrdwåbm0emygbk&m;)? tJh'gudk jrwfpGmbk&m;u
]&m[kvmokw}f wJ?h bmwJw h ;kH (&m[kvmokwyf gbk&m;)? ]&m[kvmokw}f ac:w,f? tJ'v D kd
t"dymÜ ,fo&d UJ vm; (rodygbl;bk&m;)? ]rod} awmh ]&m*} rjzpfb;l vm; (jzpfygw,fb&k m;)/
]od} awmh ]&m*} ]&m*}jzpfao;vm; (rjzpfawmhygbl;bk&m;)? tJv h ]&m*}
kd]&m*} rjzpfatmif ]&m*}
rjzpfawmh bmwH;k (0d&m*ygbk&m;)/
]0d&ma*gaoa|m "r®meH}? ]"r®meH- w&m;taygif;wdw Yk iG ?f 0d&ma*g
ma*g-&m* uif;aom
w&m;onf? aoa|m - tjrwfq;kH aywnf;}? ]&m*} ]&m*}u w&m;a[mNy;D oGm;&if ]&m*} ]&m*}udk
uif;&w,f/ 'grS&,fwmawG armwmawG 'gawGr[kwb f ;l ? ]vlawG} r&Sad wmh ]&m*}
uif;oGm;w,f? ]vl} r&S&d if bmuif;oGm;wH;k (&m*uif;oGm;ygw,f)? ]&m*uif;wJh w&m;}
raumif;bl;vm;? aumif;ovm; (aumif;ygw,fbk&m;)? bmjyKvdkY &m*uif;wHk;
(vlr&Sv d yYkd gbk&m;)? ]vl}qdw k m bmwH;k (pdwx f x J ifvYkd yg;pyfajymygbk&m;)? ]vl} &Sw d ,f
qdw k mbmwH;k (pdwx J ifwmygbk&m;)? uJ 'D]pd
f x ]pdw}f u rSm;ovm;? rSeo f vm; (rSm;ygw,f
bk&m;)/
t0dZmÆ aMumifh vIyw

f mac:w,f
uJ trSwrf &bl;vm;? awmawG &GmawG aecJw h mawG trSwrf &bl;vm; (&ygw,f
bk&m;)? tJ aoawmh tJ'aD e&moGm; vl0ifpm;jzpfwmyJ? tJ'[ D m rSwx f m;? tJawmh
b0jywfao;vm; (rjywfygbl;)? vl0ifpm;awGyjJ zpfwmrsm;w,f? Ny;D awmh e*g;jynfu
vmoav; bmav;qdw k mvnf; tJ'uD jzpfwmyJ? ]pdw}f xJxifvYkd yg;pyf ajymwmawG
ac:w,f? wu,frrSwef YJ [kww f ,frvYkd m; ([kwyf gw,fb&k m;)/
rsupf u d awmh t&dyjf rif? pdwx f x J ifvYkd yg;pyfajym? "mwfoabmu y#dp?ö

ry#dpaö wmh bmawG&?dS 'gawGord S oabmjrif? oabmjrifrS ocFw/
tJvh kd ]y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f} a&mufomG ;&if ]ocFw} a&mufomG ;w,f? tJ'D ]ocFwH
tbdocFga&mEÅDwd ocFg&m}? ]ocFw} udk jyKjyifvdkufwJh/ ]t0dZÆmypö,m ocFwH
tbdocFga&mEÅw D d ocFg&m}
&m}? ]t0dZmÆ ypö,mm- t0dZmÆ wnf;[laom taMumif;aMumif?h
ocFwH- ocFwud}k ? ]ocFw}H qdw k m pdwf apwoduf ½ky?f rsupf ad v;awG [dMk unfh
'DMunfh ]½ky}f udjk yKjyifwm? ]pdw}f uav;awGuvnf; [dv f nfvyI ?f ]t0dZmÆ } aMumifh
k yI o
vnf; vIyw f mac:w,f/
pifppf t&dyBf u;D 0ifwmyJ

t0dZÆm&Sd vlawG&Sd vIyf\ pdwfxJrSm/
t0dZmÆ r&Sd vlawGr&Sd Nird ;f \ pdwx
f rJ mS /
tJ'h uD kd w&m;u a&mufa&mufomG ;w,f [kww f ,frv
Ykd m;? tJ'D oabma&muf
atmifv?Ykd ]rsupf }d ujrifvnf; bmjrifw;kH (t&dyjf rifygw,fb&k m;)? ]em;} uMum;&if
bmMum;wH;k (t&dyyf MJ um;ygw,fb&k m;)? ]ESmacgif;} ueH&ifaum bmudek w H ;kH (t&dyyf J
eHygw,fb&k m;)/ uJ ESmacgif;xJ ig;ydew YH ?hJ tJ'tD eHBY u;D u ESmacgif;xJ b,fv0kd ifomG ;wH;k ?
t&dyyf J odwmyJ? ig;ydBu;D 0ifovm; (r0ifygbl;bk&m;)? aocsmajymrS aocsmodwm?
atmifrm 'gawmif [d[ k merf;? onf[merf;Munfeh ?YJ ESmacgif;xJ erf;Munfv h v
Ykd nf;
]tm½H}k 0if? ]t&dy}f 0ifw,fqw kd m rodb;l / wpfcgwnf; ]ig;ydBu;D 0ifomG ;w,f? ig;yd
apmfevH ukd wf m? bmapmf eHvu
kd w
f m} eJY tJvh kd [mawG? pifppft&dyBf u;D 0ifwmyJ? ESmacgif;u
eH&if bm0ifw;kH (t&dy0f ifygw,fb&k m;)? bmeHw;kH (t&dyyf eJ yH gw,f)? 'ghaMumifh t&dyf
d f aysmuf&if bmjzpfomG ;wH;k ]tedrw
edrw d }å ac:w,f? ]tedrw d Íå b
ö ma0[d}/
tJ'D]ted
]tedrdwå}- edrdwfaysmufoGm;vdkY&Sd&if ]rmemEko, rkZÆa[} [}? ]rme}
r&Sad wmhb;l ? ]rme} qdw k m vl? ]rme} qdwk mbmwH;k (vlygbk&m;)? ]'d|}d uvnf;bmwH;k
(vlygbk&m;)? ]arm[}
]arm[}uvnf; bmwH;k vly?J tJv h kd ]vl}aysmufatmif vlaysmufrS ]t&dyf
edrw
d }f aysmufrmS ? tJ'h ]vl
D]vl}aysmufaewJh ]pdw}f u b,fuakd &mufaewH;k (edAmÁ efa&muf
h vdk y&dowfBu;D yxrwef;jzpfw,f? tJ'aD &muf&r,f? ]t&dyef rd w

aeygw,f)? tJo d }f
aysmuf&if b,fa&mufw;kH (edAmÁ efa&mufygw,fb&k m;)? ]tedrw
d Íå ö bma0[d} bk&m;
ra[mbl;vm; (a[mygw,fb&k m;)/
tedrwd Íå bö ma0[d rmeEko, rkZaÆ [ --- qdv k u
kd pf rf;? ig;acguf/
(tedrw d Íå ö bma0[d rmemEko, rkZaÆ [)5 tJ'gav;qdq k akd e? tJ'g ]Oyorm
Ekówd} yJ? ]t&dyfedrdwf} aysmufatmifvdkY a,mufsm;awG rdef;rawG acgif;xJvm
rxifatmif tJ'h g rxifatmif ]tedrw d Íå ö bma0[d}? tedrw d å tedp?ö ]tedp?ö tedp}ö qdk
tJ'h g ]tedrw
d }å ac:w,f/
t&dyef rd w
d af ysmufaom bm0em
]azmufjyeftm½HkrjyKukef ac:wHktedpö}? ]tedpö}? ]tedpö} qdkwm ]tedrdwå
bm0em} ac:w,f? rsupf x d u J kd ]t&dyef rd w
d }f rxifatmif? ]rsupf }d xJrxif&if ]raem}
xJrxifb;l ? ]em;}
]em;}xJrMum;&if ]raem} ]raem}xJ rMum;bl;? ]ESmacgif;}}xJreH&if ]raem}
]raem}xJreHb;l ?
]eHwm}m}u b,fueHw;kH (ESmacgif;uygbk&m;)/ ig;ydqw kd m b,fuwH;k ]pdw}f u? ajymajym
jyrS odwm? ig;ydqw kd m b,fuwH;k (pdwu f ygbk&m;)? tJ ig;ydqw kd m ]pdw}f xJrmS &Sw
d m?
ig;ydu ]ynwf} rygbl;vm; (ygygw,fb&k m;)? tJ'g ]tw¬pmä ,m} ac:w,f? ]t&dyf
edrw
d }f ac:w,f? ig;ydr&Sb d ;l qdak wmh uJ b,fa&mufomG ;wH;k ? edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;w,f?
]teH}Y a&mr&Sb d ;l ? ]ig;yd}a&mr&Sb d ;l ? b,fa&mufomG ;wH;k (edAmÁ efa&mufomG ;ygw,f)? tJ'g
]tedrw d Íå ö bma0[d}? ]tw¬pmä ,m} ac:w,f? ]t&dyef rd w d af ysmufaom bm0em}
bm0em}udk
]bma0[d- yGm;avmh} wJ/h
vlxifwmawG tukeEf w k yf pfvukd w f ,f

]tedrw
d Íå ö bma0[d? rmemEko, rkZaÆ [}? ]tedrw d Íå ö-t&dyef rd w
d rf &Sad om
0dyóemtm½Hu k ?kd bma0[d-yGm;avmh? rmemEko,H- igigolol vlyJ ewfyJ txifví JG ?
jzpfqjJ zpfaom rmeud?k OZÆ[- y,fEw k af vmh}? ]vl} xifwmawG tukeEf w k yf pf vdu k w
f ,f?
]pdw}f xJ vlray:apeJ?Y uJ b,fEh ,S ahf ewH;k ? tJ'g ]rmemEko, rkZ[Æ } vkyw
f myJ? a&S;wke;f u
w&m;- jrwfpmG bk&m;w&m;? wu,fo&d if wu,faumif;wm? wpfv;kH wnf;eJaY umif;wm?
trsm;Bu;D rvdbk ;l ? ]rmemEko, rkZ[

Æ } qdak wmh vlawG bmawG a,mufsm;awG rde;f rawG
rxifb;l / ]vl} eJY ywfoufwmawG bmrSrxifb;l ? ]vl} eJyY wfoufwmawGu ]twåe, d }
ac:w,f? ]vl} qkw d m ]twå}ac:w,f/
0drw
k u
då dk &ifu
h suaf tmif vky&f r,f
]wawmrmembdor,m} --- qdkprf; ig;acguf (wawmrmembdor,m)5/
]vl}xifw[
hJ mudk ]rmemEko,} y,fvu
kd w
f myJ/
]tedrw d Íå ö bma0[d? rmemEko,rkZaÆ [? wawmrmembdor,m? 'kuo © aEÅm
p&dówd}? ]tedrdwåÍö- t&dyfedrdwfr&Sdaom 0dyóemtm½Hkudk? bma0[d -yGm;avmh?
rmemEko,H -igigololvlyJ ewfyJ txifvGJí? jzpfqJjzpfaom rmeudk? OZÆ[-
y,fEw k af vmh? wawmrmembdor,m r,m-xdk ig ig [laom txiftjrifukd y,fEw k rf S
omvQi?f 'kuo © aEÅm-'kuN© ird ;f aomedAmÁ efu?kd p&dówd-jyKvwåUH /
]tedrdwåÍöbma0[d? rmemEko,rkZÆa[? wawmrmembdor,m? 'ku©
oaEÅm p&dówd} ---qdv k u
kd pf rf;? ig;acguf (tedrw d Íå bö ma0[d? rmemEko,rkZaÆ [?
wawmrmembdor,m? 'kuo © aEÅm p&dówd)5? tJh'g ]&Sif&m[kavm0g'okwf} yJ?
wpfcgwnf;eJYyJ [efoGm;w,f? ]0drkwådy&dygped,} ac:w,f? ]0drkwåd&ifhusufjcif;&JU
taMumif;} jzpfw,f? tJ'[ D mav; ]0drw k }då ESv;kH oGi;f awmhrS jzpfw,f? tJ'h D ]0drw
k }då
ESv;kH oGi;f awmhrS ]0drw
k då &ifuh suw f ,f} ac:w,f/
]0drwk adå wG} &ifu
h surf S wpfcgwnf; bk&m;&[EÅmawG jzpfomG ;w,f? tJ'g ]0drw k då
y&dygped,} ac:w,f? ]0drkwåd} udk&ifhusufatmifvkyfwm? ]0drkwådawG}u enf;enf;
av;eJY yd;k pke;f MuL;avmufuav;jzpfaeawmh tJ'D ]0drw k }då [m r&ifu
h sub
f ;l ? vif;ae
atmifvyk af wmhrS ]0drw k }då u &ifu
h suo
f mG ;w,f? tJ'grS bk&m; &[EÅmjzpfomG ;w,f?
tJv
h rkd w
S /f uJ --- awmfMuOD;pd/Yk
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omoemawmfESpf - 2553? aumZmouú&mZf - 1371?

]] vlr&Sad ompdw?f pdwrf &Sad omvl w&m;awmf }}

£ro®ð owd £'H a[mwd? £ro®ð towd £'H ea[mwd/

vlr&Sad ompdw?f pdwrf &Sad omvl

rsupf jd rifwkH ½lyg½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? rsupf u

em;uMum;wHk o'´g½Hk vlyY rkH rSw&f ? em;uMum;vQif rEdiI ;f ,SOf þwGiw

om"k ... om"k ... om"k

]] tmo0jywfvQif edAmÁ efjrifw&m;awmf }}

odwmu rZÑrd y#dy'g usw,f

odwmu emrf? xdik w

od odav; [d[k m 'D[mawG avQmufow d mr[kwb f ;l ? odwmu ]emrf} qd&k if odwmu

owå0gaysmufrS edAmÁ efa&mufrmS

]vl r&Sad om pdw}f u b,fvakd ewk;H qdak wmh ]eifEh ,S [

aew,fq&kd if ]ighukd w&m;a[maew,f} qdpk rf; (ighuw

tif; ]ESmacgif;} ueHwm? ]i

]Oyg'gef} jzpfwmaygh? tck tJ'DoHk;ckr&SdvdkY&Sd&if ]aemufb0eJY Zmwd Z&m r&P}

'Gg& ajcmufyg;? tm½Hk ajcmufyg;rSm avmujzpfw,f

qdak wmh opfyifawG awmawmifawGuvnf; ]tqif;} awG? 'Dv,

avmau)? ]½lyavmau} (½lyavmau)? ]tqif;}}uvnf; avmuBu;D wpfc?k ]rsupf }d

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