MEASURED PRICE CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT

CONTRACT DOCUMENTS

VOLUME 2 PART 3
SPECIFICATIONS FOR ROAD WORKS

BOOK 4 OF 12
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_

GENERAL VOLUME INDEX

Volume 1 The Instrument of Agreement, Conditions of

Contract and Schedules (Book 1 of 12)

Volume 2 Specifications

Volume 2 - Part 1 Specifications for Sewerage & Drainage (General

Requirements & Civil Works) (Book 2 of 12)

Volume 2 - Part 2 Specifications for Sewerage & Drainage (Appendices)

(Book 3 of 12)

Volume 2 - Part 3 Specifications for Road Works (Book 4 of 12)

Volume 2 - Part 4 Specifications for Roadway Lighting (Book 5 of 12)

Volume 2 - Part 5 Specifications for Works In Connection with Services

(Electrical Works) (Book 6 of 12)
Volume 2 - Part 6 Specifications for Potable Water (DEWA) (Book 7 of 12)

Volume 2 - Part 7 Landscape Specifications (Book 8 of 12)

Volume 3 Bill of Quantities (Book 9 of 12)

Volume 4 Contract Drawings (Book 10 of 12)

Volume 5 Soil Investigation Report (Book 11 of 12)

Volume 6 Programme and Progress Report

Volume 6 - Part 1 Programme Requirements (Book 12 of 12)
Volume 6 - Part 2 Progress Report (Book 12 of 12)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

ROAD WORKS SPECIFICATIONS

Any Section / Clause in these Specifications which relates to works or materials not required by
the Contract shall be deemed not to apply.

The standards listed in these Specifications shall be the Latest Version at the time of use. The latest
version may differ from the version listed at the time of writing of these Specifications. Tenderers /
Contractor shall acquaint himself to the latest standards during the course of Tender / Contract

1701. SUB-GRADE PREPARATION

A. Description

Subgrade preparation consists of compaction of the subgrade to the required density and finishing the
surface of the subgrade to the required tolerance.

B. Construction

The finished subgrade immediately prior to placing subsequent sub-base or base material thereon shall
be compacted to not less than 95 percent maximum density for a depth of a minimum 15 cm (or as
directed by the Engineer) according to Modified BS 1377 Part 4. The material should have minimum
C.B.R. 30% at 95% maximum dry density or as specified in the drawings. (The method shall be as
directed by the Engineer but generally laboratory CBR tests shall be carried out at optimum moisture
content and after 96 hours soaking and, if required, after 24 and 48 hours of soaking). The subgrade
shall be smooth and uniform, and true to the required grade and cross-section. The surface of the
grading plane at any point shall not vary more than 2 cm above or below the grade established for 3
locations maximum each 100 in. interval. Selected Material shall be added whenever and wherever
needed.

Subgrade that does not conform to the above requirements shall be reshaped to conform to the
specified tolerances and recompacted at the Contractor’s expense. Where the material fails to meet
the required CBR as determined by Laboratory testing at 95% maximum dry density the subgrade shall
be improved by replacement as detailed in Clause 1702 of this specification.

1702. IMPROVEMENT OF SUBGRADE

At all locations of Roadway cut where, in the opinion of the Engineer, unsuitable material is found, or
where the subgrade is not homogeneous roadway cuts shall be excavated to a minimum depth of 15
cm below subgrade elevations. Subgrade material shall be placed on the cut foundation and
compacted to the required density. After compaction the subqrade surface shall conform with the grade
and typical section shown on the Drawings. The Contractor will be paid for the actual quantity of
subgrade material replacing the unsuitable material, under embankment. The subgrade material shall
be as approved by the Engineer but must give a CBR of minimum 30% at 95 percent maximum dry
density using a 96 hour soaked method. The Material and Testing requirement as follows.

Material for Improved Subgrade layer shall meet the following requirements:-

- Moisture content determination in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 2 : Test 3.2.

- Not more than 20% by weight passing 75 micron to BS 1377: Part 2:1990 Clause 9.2

- CBR value at 95% maximum dry density (soaked) BS 1377 Part 4 (Method 3.5) not less than
30% when tested according to BS 1377 Part 4 (method 7)

A chemical analysis of the proposed material shall be carried out to satisfy the following requirements:-

- The material shall be shown to have an acid soluble sulphate content of 2% or less and a
chloride content in the form of acid soluble chloride (Cl) of 2% or less by dry weight. The
__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -1
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

applicable Test methods should be in accordance with BS1377 Part 3 (method 5) and BS 1377
Part 3 (Method 7) respectively.

When approved by the Engineer a sulphate content greater than that specified may be acceptable
when the carbonate content is in the region of 40 - 50% (BS 1377 Part 3 (method 6).

Higher chloride contents may be tolerated provided that the ratio of (carbonate + sulphate) to chloride
contents is maintained at approximately 15:1.

The moisture content of the compacted material shall not vary by more than + 3% of the optimum
moisture content.

The material shall possess satisfactory binding characteristics to enable it to be compacted to give a
smooth well knit surface as judged by the Engineer.

No excavated suitable material shall be removed from the Site without the Engineer's written
permission. Should the Contractor be permitted to remove suitable material from the site to suit his
operational requirements, then he shall make good any consequent filling deficit arising there-from at
his own expense.

All slopes, lines and grades shall be true, correct, and accurate and according to those shown on the
Drawings or otherwise directed and approved by the Engineer. The "earthworks formation level" in
embankments shall be accurate to the authorised profile grade to plus one (1) cm or minus two (2)
centimeters and, the 'top of improved subgrade' level, plus or minus one (1) centimetre for 3 locations
maximum each 100 m interval. Selected material shall be placed wherever required. Where
discrepancies are found in the work the Contractor shall make necessary corrections in a manner
approved by the Engineer.

Samples for Soil classification, laboratory moisture density ship tests and CBR tests shall be taken
prior to use, from any proposed source rial. Each sample shall represent not more than 1,500 Cu.m.,
and sampling shall accordance with ASTM D75.

For every completed layer of subgrade, at least three field density tests shall be carried out per
1000m2.

The frequency of field compaction tests on the shoulders shall be one every 500 Sq.m. constructed or
as directed by the Engineer.

A. RELEVANT TEST AND STANDARDS

The following tests should be carried out unless otherwise directed by the Engineer:-

Test Standard Limit

(i) Material approval
Grain size Analysis of Soils As directed or as
(Sieve Analysis) AASHTO T88 Table 1 AASHTO M57
Relative Density ASTM D854
Liquid Limit AASHTO T89 Max. 25 percent
Plasticity Index AASHTO T90 Max. 6 percent
Linear Shrinkage BS1377 As directed
Compaction Test: BS 1377 part 4
(Modified Proctor)
CBR at 95% of Modified Proctor BS 1377 (96 hour soaked)* Min. 30% or as shown on the
density drgs
Field Density AASHTO T191 As specified but not less than
ASTM D1556 95% for subgrade (Top 150
AASHTO T205 mm)
AASHTO T238
_______________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -2
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

Moisture Content ASTM D2216 --

* Tests may also be required at optimum water content, and after soaking for 24 and 48
hours.

B. Stabilising Crushed Material

In the event the foundation on which the embankment or the subgrade materials will be laid is
saturated by water and unstable, the Engineer may decide to lay crushed granular material to stabilise
the foundation. Stabilising crushed material shall not be laid directly on ground soil but it shall always
be laid on geotextile fabric covering the area to be stabilised as shown on the drawings or directed by
the Engineer.

Such stabilising crushed material when tested in accordance with ASTM C-136 shall have the following
gradation:-

ASTM SIEVE % PASSING

2" 100
1" 80 - 100
1/2" 60 - 85
No.4 40 - 70
No.10 20 - 50
No.20 15 - 25
No.40 0 - 10
No.80 0 - 2

The stabilising crushed material shall have the following characteristics:-

- Los Angeles Abrasion (ASTM C-131 or ASTM C-535) - Not more than 30% loss (after 500
revolutions)
- Bulk Specific Gravity (ASTM C-127 or C-128) - Not less than 2.65
- Absorption (ASTM C-127 or C-128) - Not more than 2.0%

The stabilising crushed material shall be laid in layers of 15cm and compacted until the foundation is
fully stabilised such that the total thickness of the stabilising layer shall not be less than 30cm. Only
after inspection and approval by the Engineer the Contractor may be allowed to continue the
construction of the embankment with other layers of embankment material and/or subgrade material.
The Engineer may decide, after having taken the levels of the existing water table in the area, and
keeping in consideration the finished road levels, to excavate portions of the foundation saturated by
water, disposing of the excavated material, and replacing it with stabilising crushed material.

Before starting any stabilising of the foundation the Engineer will instruct the Contractor specifying the
areas to be stabilised and the final levels to be reached with the stabilising crushed material.

C. Geotextile Fabric

In areas where the Engineer deems the use of geotextile fabric necessary, the Contractor shall furnish
and place geotextile fabric as specified and as directed by the Engineer.

The geotextile fabric furnished by the Contractor shall be of an approved grade suitable for placement
over fine sand. The geotextile fabric shall be a woven or non-woven fabric consisting only of long chain
polymeric filaments or yarns formed into a stable network such that the filaments or yarns retain their
relative position to each other. The fabric shall be stabilised against ultra violet light, inert to commonly
encountered chemicals and chemical properties of the in-situ soil and water, and it shall conform to the
following minimum requirements:

- Weight - 135g/m2
_____________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -3
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

- Thickness under load (2KN/sq.m) - 0.7mm

- Tensile Strength (200mm width) ASTM D1682 - 1.6KN
- Puncture Resilience (DIN 54307) - 1.5KN
- Permeability - 50 L/sq.m/s

The surface to receive the geotextile fabric shall be prepared to a relatively smooth condition free of
obtrusions, depressions, and debris. The geotextile fabric shall not be laid in a stretched condition, but
shall be laid loosely with the long dimension parallel to the centreline of the roadway. In the event that
the width of the proposed area for fabric requires more than one panel width of fabric, the panels shall
be overlapped a minimum 15 percent of the panel width. Longitudinal joints in the fabric shall have an
overlap of 50cm. To prevent slippage of the overlapping fabric, the areas of overlap shall be stabilized
as approved by the Engineer with pins, anchor blocks, or aggregate piles. In the event construction
machinery is used to place the fabric, the working platform for the machinery shall be the soil and not
the previously laid fabric.

Prior to placement of the granular material (Stabilizing crushed material) the Contractor shall spread a
layer of sand over the geotextile fabric as directed by the Engineer. The aggregate material shall
not be dumped directly on the fabric, nor shall haul trucks be run on the fabric. The aggregate
shall be spread by a wheeled front-end loader.

The blade or bucket shall be kept sufficiently high so that the aggregate is not being pulled over the
fabric, but being dropped at a minimum height to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

Fabric damaged or displaced before or during installation or during placement of overlaying aggregate
material shall be replaced or repaired to the satisfaction of the Engineer at the Contractor's expense.

1703. GRANULAR SUB-BASE

A. Description

Granular sub-base shall consist of furnishing, spreading, and compacting sub-base in accordance with
the details shown on drawings and these Specifications.

B. Materials

Granular sub-base material for Road sub-base shall consist of hard, durable natural/screened gravel or
crushed stone, and shall be free from clay balls or other deleterious substances. Granular sub-base
shall be well graded and lie within the grading envelope stated below when tested in accordance with
BS 1377 : Part 2 : Test 9.2. The material should have a minimum 4 days soaked C.B.R. of 30 % at 95
% of maximum dry density and should comply with Clause 3/6.4. Organic impurities (BS 1377 Part 3
Method 3) shall not exceed 0.2% max.

SIEVE SIZE PERCENTAGE PASSING

75 mm 100
37.5 mm 85 - 100
10 mm 40 - 85
5 mm 25 - 45
0.6 mm 8 - 25
0.075 mm 0 - 10

C. Construction

Road sub-base material shall be delivered to the roadbed as uniform mixture and shall be spread in
layers or windrows. Segregation shall be avoided and the sub-base shall be free from pockets of
coarse or fine materials.

__________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -4
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

Each road sub-base layer shall be spread by finisher and or grader or other approved mechanical
methods, watered, shaped to a compacted thickness not exceeding 150 mm and compacted to the
required grade and cross-section.

The compaction procedure and plant shall be to the satisfaction of the Engineer. At the time of
compaction the moisture content of the laid material shall not vary by more that + 2 % from the
optimum moisture content.

The granular sub-base shall be compacted to not less than 95 % of the maximum density determined
in accordance with BS 1377 Part 4 Method 3.6 – 1990. Particle size analysis of soils for sieve analysis
of fine and coarse aggregate shall be carried out in accordance with BS 1377:Part 2:Test 9.2. The
surface on completion of compaction shall be well closed, free from movement under compaction plant
and free from ridges cracks or loose material. The finished surfaces of the road sub-base shall not vary
at any point more than 10mm above or below the grade established by the Engineer. The road sub-
base shall be maintained in a condition satisfactory to receive any subsequent base or surfacing
material. Sub-base which does not conform to the above requirements shall be reshaped or reworked,
watered and thoroughly re-compacted to conform to the specified requirements.

D. RELEVANT TEST AND STANDARDS

The following tests should be carried out and the material shall conform with the requirements stated:

TEST STANDARD LIMIT

Sampling ASTM D-75 --

Los Angeles Abrasion ASTM C-131 or 30 % max.
ASTM C-535

Soundness (Magnesium
Sulphate Solution) ASTM C88 12 % max.
5 cycles

Liquid Limit BS 1377:Part 2 35 % max.

TEST 4.5

Plasticity Index BS 1377:Part 2 6 max.

TEST 5

Compaction Test BS 1377:Part 2 --

(Modified Proctor) Method 3.6

C.B.R. at 95 % of
modified
Proctor density BS 1377
(96 hour soaked) Part 4 Test 7 30 % min.

Field Density BS 1377: 95% min. of MDD

Part 9:Test 2.2

Linear Shrinkage BS 1377:Part 2 3 % max.

Method 6.5

Sulphate Content BS 812 0.5 % max.

(Acid soluble) Part 118

Chloride Content BS 812 1 % max.

(Acid soluble) Part 117

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -5
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

E. MINIMUM TEST REQUIREMENTS

One sample every 1,000 cu.m. shall be tested for Grading, Plasticity Index, Maximum Dry Density,
soaked CBR and Loss by Abrasion, atleast three field density tests shall be carried out per unit as
indicated in ASTM D75 and D979 (one unit being 1,500 sq.m.).

1704. AGGREGATE ROADBASE

Description

This work shall consist of furnishing and placing one or more course of aggregate, including binder, soil
if required, on a prepared subgrade or sub base in accordance with Clause 1704 A to F of their
Specification in conformity with the lines, grades, thickness and typical cross sections shown on the
drawings or established by the Engineer.

A. MATERIAL

All aggregate roadbase material shall be free from dirt, shale or other deleterious matter and shall be of
such quality that it will bind readily to form a stable aggregate roadbase.

The requirements for aggregate roadbase are:-

- Liquid Limit BS1377:Part 2:Test 4.5 25% maximum

- Plasticity Index BS1377:Part 2:Test5 6 maximum

- Sand Equivalent ASTM D-2419 40 minimum

- Loss by Abrasion ASTM C-131 or C-535 30% maximum

- Flakiness Index (BS812 Part 105.1) 35 maximum

(Coarse Aggregate)

- Elongation Index (BS812 Part 105.2) 35 maximum

(Coarse Aggregate)

- Soundness (ASTM C88) 12% maximum

(Magnesium Sulphate 5 cycles)

- Organic Impurities (BS 1377 0.2% maximum

Part 3 Method 3)

Acid Soluble Chlorides (BS 812 1% maximum

Part 117) (Combined Aggregate)

Acid Soluble Sulphates (BS 812 0.5% maximum

Part 118) (Combined Aggregate)

Maximum Dry Density 2.00 gr/cc min.

BS 1377:Part 4:Test 3.6

CBR on Remoulded Samples after 80% minimum

4 days soaking at 100% of the
maximum dry density BS 1377:
Part 4 : Test 7

Sampling method in accordance with ASTM D75 for all tests.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -6
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

At least three field density tests shall be carried out per unit as indicated in ASTM D979.

The gradation limits when tested in accordance with BS 1377 : Part 2 : Test 9.2 shall be as follows:-

SIEVE SIZE (BS) PERCENT PASSING

50 mm 100
37.5 mm 70 - 100
28 mm 55 - 85
20 mm 50 - 80
10 mm 40 - 70
5 mm 30 - 60
2.0 mm 20 - 50
0.425 mm 10 - 30
0.063 mm 5 - 15

Aggregate roadbase shall consist of uniform mixtures of gravel and/or crushed gravel with sand, silt
and clay, conforming to the specified gradation limits.

B. Spreading Aggregate Roadbase

Aggregate roadbase shall be spread on subgrade or sub-base which has been approved by the
Engineer. Aggregate roadbase which has been placed on a subgrade or sub-base not approved by the
Engineer shall be removed at the Contractor's expense.

Aggregate roadbase shall be spread on the approved subgrade in layers not exceeding fifteen (15)
centimeters in compacted depth.

The material shall be handled in a manner which avoids segregation. Segregated materials shall be
remixed until uniform. Suitable precautions shall be taken to prevent rutting of the subgrade or sub-
base during the spreading of aggregate road base materials. No hauling or placement of material will
be permitted when, in the judgment of the Engineer, the weather or road conditions are such that the
hauling operations will cause cutting or rutting of the subgrade or cause contamination of aggregate
roadbase material.

C. Compaction of Aggregate Roadbase

The moisture content of the aggregate roadbase material shall be adjusted prior to compaction, by
watering with approved sprinkler trucks or by drying out, as directed by the Engineer, to that required to
obtain the specified density for aggregate roadbase. Aggregate roadbase shall be compacted to Ninety
Eight (98) percent of the maximum dry density, as determined according to BS 1377:Part 4: Test 3.6 at
a moisture content between + 2 % of the O.M.C. The field density and actual moisture content shall be
determined according to BS 1377:Part 9:Test 2.2.

The aggregate roadbase shall be compacted by means of approved compaction equipment

progressing gradually from the outside of the road towards the centre with each succeeding pass
uniformly overlapping the previous pass. Rolling shall continue until the entire thickness of each layer is
thoroughly and uniformly compacted to the specified density. Rolling shall be accompanied by
sufficient blading in a manner approved by the Engineer, to ensure a smooth surface free from ruts or
ridges and having the proper section and crown.

The surface of the material shall on completion of compaction be well closed, free from movement
under the compaction plant and free from compaction planes, ridges, cracks, or loose material.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -7
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

Any areas inaccessible to normal compaction equipment shall be compacted by means of mechanical
tampers until satisfactory compaction is obtained.

The Contractor shall program his operations to avoid the drying out of the sub-base during
construction. If any layer of aggregate roadbase material, or part thereof, is permitted to dry out after
compaction, or does not conform to the required density or finish, the Contractor shall, at his own
expense, rework, water and recompact the material, as directed by the Engineer, to the density
specified, before the next layer of aggregate roadbase or subsequent pavement layers is placed.

D. COMPACTION TRIALS FOR AGGREGATE ROADBASE

If directed by the Engineer, prior to the commencement of the aggregate roadbase operations, the
Contractor shall construct trial lengths not to exceed 250 meters. The materials used in the trials shall
be those approved for use as aggregate roadbase, and the equipment used shall be that according to
the Contractor's approved detailed program of work.

Trial lengths may not form part of the permanent works but may be permitted in the construction of
temporary detours of sufficient length.

The object of these trials is to determine the adequacy of the Contractor's equipment, the loose depth
measurements necessary to result in the specified compact layers depths, the field moisture content,
and the relationship between the number of compaction passes and the resulting density of the
material.

The Contractor may proceed with the aggregate roadbase work only after the methods and procedures
established in the compaction trials have been approved by the Engineer.

E. FINISHING OF AGGREGATE ROADBASE

Immediately prior to the placing of the first layer of the next pavement course on to the aggregate
roadbase the final layer of aggregate roadbase shall be at the specified density and to the required
grade and section. In order to maintain these requirements while placing the next course it may be
necessary to water and reshape the surface of the aggregate roadbase. This work shall be at the
Contractor's expense.

The surface of the finished aggregate roadbase will be tested with a three (3) metre straightedge by the
Engineer at selected locations. The variations of the surface from the testing edge of the straight edge
between any two (2) contacts with the surface shall at no point exceed twelve (12) millimeters when
placed on or parallel to the centreline, or twelve (12) millimeters when placed perpendicular to the
centreline of the roadway. The aggregate cross section as shown on the drawings and shall not vary
by more than ten (10) millimeters from the required elevation. All humps and depressions and
thickness deficiencies exceeding the specified tolerance shall be corrected by removing the defective
work or by adding new material as directed by the Engineer.

F. MINIMUM TEST REQUIREMENT FOR AGGREGATE ROADBASE

One sample every 1,000 cu. m. shall be tested for Grading Plasticity Index, Sand Equivalent, Maximum
Dry Density, C.B.R. and Loss by Abrasion. Three in-situ Density tests shall be made every 900 sq. m.
of aggregate roadbase laid as per ASTM D979.

1705. PAVING BLOCKS

Paving blocks shall be concrete blocks, coloured where specified, laid on a sand laying course. Their
thickness shall be 6 cm on sidewalks and 8 cm on parking areas unless otherwise shown on the
Drawings or instructed by the Engineer.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -8
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

A. Overall Requirements for Paving Blocks

The materials, dimensions and tolerances, test for compressive strength, test for water absorption and
certificate of compliance for paving blocks shall conform to the requirements of Dubai Municipality
Local Order No.44/90. Water absorption and abrasion resistance shall be carried out in accordance
with the requirements of the particular specification.

1706. BLOCK LAYING REQUIREMENTS

A. Laying Course

The laying course shall consist of sharp black sand containing not more than 3% silt and clay by weight
and not more than 10% retained on 4 mm sieve. The sand shall be obtained from a single source,
allowed to drain before use and shall be covered with suitable sheeting to minimise moisture changes.
Permissible sulphate (as SO3) and chloride (as CL) shall not exceed 0.3% and 0.5% respectively
(expressed as a percentage by weight).

The profile of the laying course before compaction shall be similar to that of the finished surface.
During laying the sand shall be uniform in moisture content and shall be carefully, screened to form a
smooth compacted surface to receive the paving blocks. The maximum deviation from the design
levels shall be 5 mm.

The edge restraints to the paved area shall be laid in advance of the laying course and all permanent
obstacles within the area, such as manhole covers, shall be adjusted to the correct finished levels.

B. Surface Course

The paving blocks shall be laid on the sand laying course in such manner as not to disturb the blocks
already laid. Each block shall be placed firmly against its neighbour so that they fit closely together.
The joints between blocks shall not exceed 3 mm. Laying of the paving blocks shall commence at right
angles to the main pavement axis starting at one end of the area. The paving blocks shall be laid in a
herringbone pattern unless otherwise shown on the drawings or instructed by the Engineer at 45o to
the main pavement axis.

Where blocks do not fit the edge restraints or other obstructions such as manholes or upstands the
gaps shall be filled using cut blocks.

Blocks shall be cut using only a mechanical block splitter.

Dimensional accuracy, uniformity of joint gaps, alignment and squareness shall be checked after laying
the first three rows of blocks and thereafter at regular intervals. If joints begin to open the blocks shall
be knocked together using a hide mallet.

After each 20 sq.m. or such area that has been agreed with the Engineer, has been laid the blocks
shall be compacted to the required levels using a plate vibrator.

The plate vibrator shall have a plate area of 0.20 to 0.35 sq.m. and have a compaction force of 12-24
KN and a frequency of approximately 75 to 100 Hz.

A minimum of two passes of the plate vibrator shall be made in each direction, i.e. at 90 degrees to
each other. Vibration shall continue until no further compaction of the sand layer is apparent. The
laying course shall have a compacted thickness of 50 mm. Fine dry sand with a particle size of 0.3mm
shall then be brushed over the paving, and further passes of the plate vibrator made in each direction,
until the sand is no longer absorbed into the joints.

The plate vibrator shall not pass closer than 1 m to a temporarily unrestrained edge during laying.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -9
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

No paving shall be left un-compacted overnight except for the 1 m strip at the temporarily unrestrained
edge.

On completion, the finished surface level, shall be within 5 mm of the design level and the maximum
deviation within the compacted surface, measured by a 3 m straight edge shall not exceed 3 mm. The
level of any two adjacent blocks shall not differ by more than 1 mm. Any areas of paving which do not
comply with these tolerances shall be removed, the sand laying course adjusted and the paving blocks
relaid to the correct levels.

1707. KERBS DESCRIPTION

This work shall consist of the construction of kerbs in accordance with the Specifications and in
conformity with the lines, grades and typical sections shown on the Drawings or established by the
Engineer. These Specifications refer to the following types of precast kerbs to be constructed: Non-
Mountable Kerbs, Dropped Kerb, Heel Kerb, Quadrants and Flush Kerb. All Kerbs and edgings shall be
hydraulically pressed and shall comply with the requirements of BS7263 Part 1. They shall be uniform
in colour, free from cracks, flaws or other defects and they shall have well defined arises.

A. Materials and Manufacture of Kerbs

Materials shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 03: CONCRETE WORK of the
Specifications and as specified herein.

Kerbs shall be prepared with a concrete mixture containing not less than 400 Kg/m3 of Sulphate
Resisting Portland Cement. The aggregate shall meet the requirements of the General Specifications
and conform to the following gradation.

ASTM SIEVE % PASSING BY WEIGHT

3/4" (19.00 mm) 100

1/2" (12.50 mm) 76 - 100
3/8" (9.51 mm) 60 - 80
No.4 (4.75 mm) 40 - 60
No.8 (2.36 mm) 22 - 42
No.16 (1.18 mm) 12 - 32
No.30 (0.60 mm) 7 - 23
No.50 (0.300 mm) 4 - 15
No.100 (0.150 mm) 2 - 10
No.200 (0.075 mm) 0 - 2

The 28 day characteristics cube strength of the concrete shall be 40 N/mm2 determined on cubes
specimens, and not less than 75% of this figure after 7 days.

Non-Mountable Kerb, Dropped Kerb, Flush Kerb and Heel Kerb elements shall only be precast from
concrete produced in a fully automatic batching plant.

Tests shall be carried out on the concrete mix prior to commencement of manufacture to ascertain the
strength and surface finish requirements can be met. If the required strength and surface finish is not
obtained, then the Engineer may order revisions to be made in order to achieve the specified
requirements. Mix design changes and any other work considered necessary to meet requirements
shall be subsidiary to the pay item.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -10
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

Prior to approval of elements of commercial manufacture cores shall be taken from a random sample
to ascertain that the concrete strength is not less than 280 Kg/cm2 at 7 days. The Contractor shall
submit samples of the various types of concrete kerbs for approval by the Engineer before
commencing this work.

Elements shall be manufactured to the dimensions shown on the Drawings.

Non-Mountable and Dropped Precast Kerbs shall be formed by elements 900 mm long where required
to be laid in straight lines but may be reduced to 250 mm long where required to be laid to curves
depending on the radii of the curves.

The finished product shall be of solid appearance with clean planar faces, be free of segregation,
honeycombing, pits, broken corners or other defects and there shall be no evidence of external
rendering.

Bull noses and curved faces shall be of constant radius with a smooth change from radius to plain face.

Tolerances of manufacture shall be three (3) millimetres in any one dimension and end faces shall be
truly perpendicular to the base.

Transverse strength and water absorption requirements shall be in accordance with BS 7263 Part 1
1990.

B. KERB LAYING

Elements shall be set to the lines and grades shown on the Drawings. Under no circumstances will it
be permitted for levels to be set by direct measurement from pavement layers.

Unless otherwise indicated, elements shall be laid either directly onto a wet concrete base or on to a
sand/cement (3:1) mortar bedding, two and half (2.5) centimetres thick, on a previously laid concrete
base on approved subgrade. The dimensions of the base shall be as shown on the Drawings. The
concrete base shall be constructed of Concrete Class 25/20.

Unless otherwise indicated, after kerbs units have been laid a contiguous backing of Concrete Class
25/20 shall be poured for the elements using steel forms.

No pavement layers shall be laid against kerbing until such time as the backing is complete, back filled
and approved by the Engineer.

Joints between radius kerbs, shall have a clear width of four (4) millimetres and be filled with a
sand/cement (3:1) mortar with one fifth (1/5) part hydrated lime and sufficient water to make the
mixture plastic and easily smoothed. A grooving tool shall be used to produce a smooth, circular
section groove not more than three (3) millimetres deep in all joints. Grouted joints shall be cured by an
approved method to the Engineer's satisfaction. Joints between straight kerbs shall not be filled.

Immediately after any concrete is in place and for 7 days thereafter the kerbs, base backing and
mortared joints shall be fully cured and protected from drying out and against the harmful effects of
weather, including rain and rapid temperature changes. The method of protection shall be subject to
the Engineer's approval. The use of coloured curing membranes will not be permitted. Concrete not
properly cured and protected will be rejected and shall be removed from the works.

At each 9 metres or as directed by the Engineer or shown on the Drawings, the joint between kerbs
shall be filled with an approved joint filler 10 mm thick to form an expansion joint. The filler shall extend
through the kerb, bed, backing and channel, and shall be trimmed to the finished shape of the kerb and
channel.

At access points the kerbs, including the bed backing shall be dropped to show a face of 75 mm or as
otherwise shown on the Drawings.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -11
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

At the end of any kerb run, the end kerb section shall be sloped down to ground level, if applicable, and
angled away from the road at 30 degrees.

All kerbs shall be thoroughly cleaned of all extraneous material prior to approval.

Kerbs shall be laid within a tolerance of plus or minus three (3) millimetres, at each end of an element,
to the lines and grades given on the Drawings. Where specified kerbs shall be painted.

Any excavated surface for the concrete bedding shall be watered and compacted to a minimum of 95%
maximum Dry Density (BS 1377 Part 9 Method 2.1).

C. PAVEMENT MARKING DESCRIPTION (EXTERNAL)

This work shall consist of supplying thermoplastic road marking material for marking of the pavement
as outlined herein. It shall include the marking of the centreline, the shoulder strip or edge, the barrier
lines, the cross walks and any other markings required on the pavement for the control and direction of
the traffic.

The pavement markings shall be painted on the road to the dimensions and in the location as shown
on the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer.

The Contractor shall set out the markings and obtain the Engineer's approval before commencing the
work.

D. MATERIALS FOR PAVEMENT MARKINGS

The material used shall conform to the B.S. (British Standard) Specification for Road Marking Materials
(Superimposed type) BS 3262, (Part I) 1989 except where modified in this Specification. Ballotini shall
be in accordance with BS 6088, 1981.

The road marking material shall consist of light coloured aggregate, pigment and extender, bound
together with hard wearing resins, plasticised with oil as necessary in approximately the following
proportions by weight:

- Aggregate 40 parts
- Ballotini 20 parts
- Pigment and Extender 20 parts
- Binder 20 parts

1708. ROAD SIGNS

A. Description and Scope

This work shall consist of furnishing and installing road signs and posts assemblies as shown on the
drawings and in accordance with the Specifications or as directed by the Engineer. All sign faces and
lettering shall be in accordance with the Employer's sign standards as shown on the drawings or as
directed by the Engineer.

Permanent traffic signs shall be reflectorized or non-reflectorized illuminated and shall, in respect of
quality, comply with the requirements of (i) BS 873 (ii) the Traffic Sign Regulations and General
Directions and the Traffic Sign Manual, published by H M S O U.K. (iii) Dubai Municipality Information
Signs Manual and Current Technical Circulars.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -12
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

All foundations, framing and fixings for Information Sign shall be suitable for local conditions. The
design calculations shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval. The design wind speed shall be
taken as 120 Km/hour with gusts up to 160 Km/hr.

Within 3 weeks of acceptance of the manufacturer's tender the Contractor shall submit for approval
working drawings for signs posts and base plates. Fabrication shall not be commenced until approval
has been given. The Contractor shall submit samples of the proposed materials for approval on
request by the Engineer prior to delivery to site, at his own cost.

Requirements for Road Sign Materials

B. General

Sign plates shall be manufactured either from sheet aluminium to BS 1470, SIC - 1/2H, NS3-3/4N, NS-
1/2H or HS 30-WP with a minimum thickness of 3 mm (11 swg) or from extruded aluminium plank
sections to BS 1476, HE 9-WP, HE 9-P or HE 30-WP or extruded aluminium allow plank sections to
BS 1474, HE 9 TE and HE 30 TF. However, information signs shall be constructed in extruded
aluminium planks, which will either be self-locking or rear fixing, and the aluminium shall be BS 1470,
BS 1474 or BS 1490 or other approved equivalent International Standard.

All sign plates shall have clean, smooth edges cut to the required shape of the sign, and shall be
etched and degreased to the sign sheeting manufacturer's specifications before application of the
sheeting.

Sign shall be covered with "High Intensity" reflective sheeting 3M or equivalent as detailed on the
drawings. The sheeting of the specified colours must have the manufacturer's guarantee for a period of
not less than 7 years. The rear faces shall be non-reflective grey and should give a similar lifespan to
the sign face.

The reflective sheeting shall be fixed to the sign plate either with a heat activated adhesive using
vacuum applicator or with a pressure sensitive adhesive using a pressure roller in accordance with the
sheeting manufacturer's instructions.

Sign faces shall be formed from a single piece of reflective sheeting, but if for any reason the sign face
must be fabricated from more than one piece of material all joints in the material shall be over lapped
by not less than 6 mm and where sheeting is applied to extruded sections it shall extend over the top
and bottom edges of the sections by not less than 3 mm. No butt joints shall be permitted and in
horizontal joints the overlap shall be from the top.

The sheeting, after application to the sign base, will not come off at the edges nor shall it peel off or
warp. The surface shall be smooth, flat and free from any bubbles, pimples, edge chipping or edge
shattering. It shall be washable and weatherproof.

The corners of all direction signs shall be rounded to a radius of 75 mm.

C. Stiffening and Framing

All stiffening and framing shall be of hot dipped galvanised steel of equivalent strength (section
modulus) to that of mild steel tabulated in Chapter 13 of the Dubai Municipality Traffic Sign Manual.

Signs constructed of aluminium sheet shall, when recommended by the Traffic Sign Manual, be framed
on all edges using hot dipped galvanised steel angle or angle-channel of equivalent section to that
detailed in Chapter 13 of the Traffic Signs Manual.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -13
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

TABLE V-MINIMUM COEFFICIENT OF RETROREFLECTION (CD/LY/SQ M) FOR TYPE V

SHEETING - FOR USE ON SIGNS WITH LINE OF VISION MORE THAN 150 METERS

Observation Entrance White Yellow Green Red Blue

Angle Angle
0.2° -5° 800 660 65 215 43
0.2° 0° & 15° 650 450 50 150 25
0.2° 40° 200 170 18 50 8
0.33° -5° 550 450 45 150 29
0.33° 0° & 15° 400 200 30 95 16
0.33° 40° 180 100 14 40 6
0.5° -5° 200 160 18 45 9.8
0.5° 0° & 15° 120 90 12 25 6.5
0.5° 40° 75 60 7 18 2.8

TABLE VA–MINIMUM COEFFICIENT OF RETROFLECTION (CD/LX/SQ M FOR TYPE VA

SHEETING-FOR USE ON SIGNS WITH LINE OF VISION LESS THAN 150 METERS

Observation Entrance White Yellow Green Red Blue

Angle Angle
0.33° -5° 300 250 30 75 15
0.33° 0° & 15° 250 200 20 60 12
0.33° 40° 30 25 2.5 7 1.7
0.5° -5° 250 200 25 57 10
0.5° 0° & 15° 220 175 18 50 8
0.5° 40° 35 30 3 9 2
1° -5° 80 65 8 20 4
1° 0° & 15° 60 45 6 14 3.5
1° 40° 15 13 1.2 5 0.8

Stiffening to signs constructed of aluminium sheet, having dimensions less than those given in Chapter
13, paragraph 52 of the Traffic Sign Manual but with an area exceeding 0.10 sq.m. shall be confined to
horizontal lengths at the top and bottom edges of the sign plate.

Signs constructed from extruded aluminium plank sections are to present the same flanged
appearance on all edges of the sign by fitting an aluminium end capping to the exposed ends of the
plank section on both sides of the sign.

Where the specified sign width requires the use of more than one length of plank section, support
beams shall be provided and positioned as approved by the Engineer.

For plank type signs supported on two posts the plank rails and support beams shall be manufactured
from one length of extruded aluminium section. One tie bar shall be fitted between the bottom two
plank rails (or the plank rail and support beam) at the centre of the span between the mounting posts.

Where plank type signs are supported on more than two posts, and the specified sign width is wider
than the plank rail and support beams, the plank rail and support beam may comprise two or three
lengths provided butt joints occur at an inner post. One tie bar shall be fitted between the bottom plank
rail and support beam at the centre of the span between the mounting posts.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -14
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

All stiffening and framing shall be continuous.

All rivets or other devices fixing sign plates to their framework shall be of non-staining steel or other
materials approved by the Engineer and shall have a sufficient cross sectional area to prevent failure
from thermal stresses or wind-pressure or such other stresses as may be specified. All rivet and bolt
holes shall be edge-sealed with clear lacquer after the application of the plastics sheeting. Rivets shall
be spaced at not more than 150 mm apart, around the outside edge of the sign plate and on cross
braces the spacing shall be not more than 300 mm.

Any rivet brought through the sign face shall be coloured to match the sign face. Any rivet or other
device fixing sign plates to their frame work shall have a protective washer of nylon or other approved
insulating material inserted where they would be in contact.

All brackets, clips, screws, bolts, nuts and washers used for mounting sign plates to support posts shall
be manufactured from stainless steel. For plank type signs brackets and clips shall be extruded
aluminium alloy section.

Saddles shall be aluminium alloy or other material approved by the Engineer and shall be provided with
a nylon strip or other approved insulating material.

Details about the mounting and the footing of the different type of signs are shown on the drawings.
Mild steel posts shall be treated with one of the following treatments as approved by the Engineer.

1) Shot blasted, one coat primer (min. thickness 50 microns), one coat micaceous iron oxide (min.
thickness 50 microns), one coat undercoat, and one coat finish of alkyd based oil paint (min.
total thickness of both coats 100 microns).

2) Shot blasted, rustproof with hot wire zinc spray and under coat and finish coat as (1).

3) Shot blasted, hot wire zinc spray rust proofing and wet applied PVC spray giving a minimum
plastic coating of 0.125 mm. The finish colour should be grey.

For both (1) and (2) the finish coat should be black and white hoops as directed by the Engineer.

All bolts and other fittings should be non-ferrous metal or hot dipped galvanised steel type. Connecting
surfaces of different metals should be separated by neoprene washers.

D. Finish

There shall be full adhesion of all sheeting material including letters, symbols and borders and there
shall be no air bubbles, creases or other blemishes.

All panels, cut-out letters, numbers, borders, symbols and background on reflective sheeting shall be
carefully matched for colour at the time of sign fabrication to provide uniform appearance both by day
and night. The sheeting manufacturer's recommendations on colour matching methods shall be
observed. Non uniform shading or undesirable contrast between reflective sheeting on any one sign
will not be accepted.

The edges of all applied sheeting materials including edges of all plates which make up a sign, letters,
symbols and borders shall be sealed as specified by the manufacturer.

Where required by the sheeting manufacturer the face of the sign plate shall have a coat of clear
lacquer of a type specified by him.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -15
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

Construction Requirements for Road Signs

E. Details

All sign faces shall be of the type, colour and size shown on the drawings or as specified by the
Engineer. Sign lettering shall comply to Dubai Municipality Traffic Signs Manual requirements.

The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer and Dubai Traffic Police Department Engineering Section
for approval three (3) copies of his working drawings for all sign faces both in Arabic and English. Size
and style of lettering shall be as shown on the drawings or as otherwise approved by the Engineer.

No order shall be placed without written agreement of the Engineer and the concerned authorities.

The approximate position and mounting height of each sign is indicated on the drawings, the exact sign
position and mounting height shall be determined on site and marked on the ground by pegs or painted
marks. The exact position shall be agreed by the Engineer and approved by the concerned authorities.

Post length shown in the drawings are approximate only. When progress of the work is at the
appropriate stage the Engineer will authorise the location of each sign, with the station and off-set
distance from the edge of the pavement. The Contractor shall be responsible for determination of the
exact post lengths to provide the vertical clearance shown on the drawings. Field cutting of posts shall
be performed by sawing. Welded posts will not be permitted.

All excavations shall be approved by the Engineer before the sign is erected and prior to the backfill
with sand or concrete as shown or directed by the Engineer. The sides of excavation shall be vertical
and any additional excavations carried out beyond that specified, for the particular post and sign being
erected, shall be filled at the Contractor's own expense with Class 25/20 concrete or granular material
as directed by the Engineer.

Where the sign has an area in excess of 10 sq.m. or the posts have a diameter in excess of 110 mm,
each foundation, above the foundation screed, shall be poured with concrete up to the finished
foundation level shown on the drawings.

All posts shall be erected vertically and where two or more posts are provided for any sign the faces of
these posts shall be lined up and their deflection angle checked for compliance with sub-section
5/16.12) of this Clause, before concreting in.

For a period of 14 days after concreting in position, all posts shall be suitably braced to prevent
movement. Sign faces should not be fixed to posts until after the bracing has been removed and the
Engineer has inspected and approved the posts stability and foundations.

All posts shall be of the type specified on the drawings and shall be protected against corrosion by
painting in accordance with sub-section 5/35.

Signs delivered for use in the project shall be in new and unused condition, except where otherwise
specified; and shall be stored off ground and under cover in a manner approved by the Engineer. Any
sign damaged, discoloured or defaced during transportation, storage or erection shall be rejected.

Unless otherwise shown on the drawings all signs shall be erected so that the edge and face of the
sign are truly vertical and the face is at an angle of ninety five (95) degrees to the centreline; that is,
facing slightly away from the centreline of the lane which the sign serves. Where lanes divide or are on
sharp curves, the Contractor shall orient sign faces as indicated on the drawings or by the Engineer so
that they will be most effective both day and night and such to avoid reflection and glare. All sign
supports shall be plumbed vertical.

The distance between the lower edge of the signs and the road surface shall be in accordance with the
drawings.

__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -16
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

Signs shall be fastened to sign supports in accordance with the requirements of the drawings,
specifications and the recommendations of the sign manufacturer to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

F. Covering of Signs

The Contractor shall at his own expense, immediately after erection and approval by the Engineer
cover the sign in order to prevent misleading information being displayed. The covering shall be close
weave hessian securely fixed over the face of the sign using a lacing of nylon cord so as not to
damage the sign. The Contractor shall maintain such coverings in good order until receipt of the
Engineer's instruction for their removal.

G. Cleaning of Signs

Signs shall be thoroughly cleaned immediately prior to being handed over. The cleaning shall be
carried out in the manner described in the Traffic Sign Manual, Chapter 12 (3). The type of detergent
used shall be approved by the Engineer.

H. Identification of Signs, Posts and all Fittings

The reference number of the sign shall be indicated by self adhesive numbers on the reverse side of
the sign in the bottom left hand corner and in a consistent and readily visible position on all posts and
fittings. The manufacturer's name or trade mark will not be permitted on the face of the sign. The
manufacturer's name or trade mark together with the date of manufacture shall be permanently affixed
on the back of the sign, provided approval to the size and colour of the mark has been obtained from
the Engineer.

J. Guarantee of Road Signs by Contractor

All road signs shall be guaranteed by the Contractor against any defect in material and workmanship
for a period of 5 years from the date of completion of the works under the contract. If any defect should
arise due to poor material or workmanship it shall be rectified by the Contractor at his own expense.

If such defect is rectified by other than the Contractor in accordance with the Employer's instruction,
the expense of rectification shall be deducted from any monies due to the Contractor.

K. Pavement Repairs

This work shall consist of the various types of repairs to existing pavement described herein, necessary
to correct structural failures, grade elevations, and deterioration and/or to prepare the existing
pavement surface prior to placing bituminous pavement overlays. The Engineer on site shall
investigate and find out causes of failure and he shall instruct the Contractor on the type of repair. The
Contractor shall provide assistance in such investigation as instructed by the Engineer.

The materials required for the various pavement repair items shall be as specified and shall be in
accordance with the requirements of Section 3: CONCRETE WORK of these Specifications.

The Contractor shall be responsible for the supply of all the equipment and labour necessary to
perform the work described for the various types of pavement repair items in accordance with these
Specifications and as directed by the Engineer.

L. Speed Breaker Humps

The Product manufactured from 100% recycled Rubber in Black Colour shall be suitable for
indoor/outdoor applications, not liable to warp, crack, chip or rot and resistant to ultraviolet light,
moisture, oil and extreme temperature changes. It shall be flexible to conform to surface contours of
the Road/driveway where it is installed. Speed breaker hump shall be of visible design and
maintenance free type. The size shall be 6000mm long x 470mm wide x 75mm high suitable for speed
upto 16 Kms/hour, with chequered surface for easy grip and with Yellow markings in Polyurethane
__________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -17
Road Works Specifications

__________________________________________________________________________________

based, Glass beaded reflective paint. Provide end-caps to complete the installation.

M. Traffic Control Mirror

Provide proprietary 600 mm dia. Convex type Traffic Surveillance Mirror to assist motorists in viewing
on-coming vehicles at locations indicated on drawings. Mirror shall be made out of Sturdy
Polycarbonate Material covered with 100% aluminium outer foil treated with anti-graffiti chemical
coating. Mirror shall contain Hexagonal layer reflexes for dipped lights and shall be mounted in rugged
polymer perimeter frame featuring white edging strip and red short-wave light reflectors. The fixing
shall be hot dip galvanized steel adjustable arm with ball-socket type joint to permit ceiling and/or wall-
mounted installation at desired angle. Prior to assembly/erection the Contractor shall verify all
dimensions on site and Report discrepancies to Engineer if any. Ensure installation in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions securing accurate line, level and position to Engineer satisfaction.

N. Traffic Marking (Internal)

Internal Traffic marking shall be as detailed in Section 07 18 00 - Traffic Coatings of this Specifications.

-- End --

________________________________________________________________________________
Road Works Specifications

Page -18