Group 5 Assignment

HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECNOLOGY
FACULTY OF CIVL ENGINEERING

----------
HOMEWORK
REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURE 3
INSTRUCTOR: Assoc.Prof., Ph.D., Hồ Đức Duy
Group 5:
Lê Huy Vinh : 1852872
Dương Minh Khôi : 1852480
Đỗ Phạm Hoàng Long : 1852521
Ho Chi Minh City, October 6th, 2021
CONTENT
PREFACE.................................................................................................................... 3
A. GIVEN DATA......................................................................................................4
B. DESIGNING BY MANUAL METHOD.............................................................8
1. ANALYZE AND SELECT STRUCTURAL SOLUTION AND LAYOUT
BEAMS.....................................................................................................................8
2. STRUCTURAL DIAGRAM..........................................................................10
3. DETERMINE APPLIED LOAD...................................................................12
3.1. Dead load...................................................................................................12
3.2. Live load.....................................................................................................14
3.3. Total load for calculation............................................................................14
4. DETERMINE THE APPLIED LOADS & INTERNAL FORCES FOR
FLIGHT 2:.............................................................................................................15
5. DETERMINE THE APPLIED LOADS, REACTION FORCES &
INTERNAL FORCES FOR FLIGHT 1:.............................................................18
INTERNAL FORCES FOR FLIGHT 3:.............................................................24
7. LANDING BEAM D 3 ANALYSIS................................................................30
7.1. Determine the load applied on D3..............................................................30
7.2. Determine the internal forces.....................................................................34
C. DESIGNING BY SOFTWARES METHOD....................................................36
1. 2D Modeling and Analyzing by SAP2000........................................................36
2. 3D Modeling and Analyzing by SAP2000........................................................47
3. 3D Modeling and Analyzing by ETABS.............................................................53
D. COMPARISON BETWEEN MANUAL AND SOFTWARE METHOD.......62
E. REFERENCES...................................................................................................65
PREFACE
Reinforced Concrete Structure 3 plays a crucial role in the career path for a civil
engineer. This subject covers a variety of knowledge on special structural design,
especially stair, tanks, retaining wall, etc. Through this subject, we have an
opportunity to learn and improve various aspects: analyzing and modeling structures,
defining the appropriate structural diagram, etc. Last but not least, it will help us in
our final project of civil engineering major.
As civil engineering students, we are very grateful to learn from Assoc. Professor
Ho Duc Duy in this subject. Thanks to your lessons and advices in theoretical and
practical problems help us perform better at civil engineers in the future. Finally, we
apologize for the drawbacks of knowledge. Therefore, we are looking forward to
receiving sincere feedback from you.
A. GIVEN DATA
A plan view and the longitudinal section of three-flight stair are shown in figure.
Figure 1. Information and requirement
Material:
 Concrete: C30/37
 Reinforcement bar:
+ d ≤10 mm : CB 300−T
+ d ≥10 mm :CB 300−V
Stair parameter:
 hb ¿ 150 mm
 lb ¿ 300 mm
 α is the inclination
lb 300
( cos α =
√hb
2
+l b 2
=
√150 2+300 2
=0.9
)
 Flight 1 : (150 × 300) × 11 steps
 Flight 2 : (150 × 300) × 5 steps
 Flight 3 : (150 × 300) × 11 steps
Cross – sectional dimensions:
 Thickness of landing:
hs ¿ 100 mm
 Beam:
D1 ; D 2 :(200× 250)mm
 Landing beam:
D3 :(200× 250)mm
 Column:
C1 :(200× 200)mm
Elevation:
 A ¿ ± 0.00
 B ¿ ± 1.65
 C ¿ ± 2.40
 D ¿ ± 4.05
Geometric dimensions:
Figure 2. Plan view of three-flight stair
 B1 ¿ 1200 mm
 B2 ¿ 1500 mm
 L1 ¿ 1300 mm
 L2 ¿ 3400 mm
Applied load:
 Stair landing:
+ Standard load:
q c1 ¿ 6.6 kN /m2
+ Standard load:
q1 ¿ 9.4 kN /m2
 Stair lab:
+ Standard load:
q c2 ¿ 7.9 kN /m 2
+ Standard load:
q2 ¿ 11.1 kN / m2
REQUIREMENT:
1. Design the stair, landing and landing beam according to EC2 standard.
2. Using SAP2000, ETABS to analyze the internal forces that consider the stair,
beams and columns working together. Compare the internal force from software with
the analysis results in question 1.
B. DESIGNING BY MANUAL METHOD
1. ANALYZE AND SELECT STRUCTURAL SOLUTION AND LAYOUT

BEAMS
 Stair Type: Waist slab stair case.
 Flight 1 consists of 2 supports (Beam D1 and landing beam D3)
 Flight 3 consists of 2 supports (Beam D1 and landing beam D3)
 Flight 2 consists of 3 supports (Flight 1&3 and landing beam D3)
 A stair landing is considered as designing a slab. Hence, determining the

working direcection is necessary, according to:
Considering a single slab with thickness of h, rectangular plan with lengths:

L1(short side) and L2 (long side); carry an uniformly distributed load of q in vertical
direction. Depend on the boundary conditions, the slab will work (bend) in one-way or
two-way.
Figure 3. Boundary conditions
Flight 1:
According to boundary condition: 2 supports in long – side direction L2 (Beam D1

and landing beam D3)
→ Flight 1 is determined as one – way slab.
Flight 3:
According to boundary condition: 2 supports in long – side direction L2 (Beam D1

and landing beam D3)
→ Flight 3 is determined as one – way slab.
Flight 2:
 Boundary condition:
+ 2 supports in long – side direction B2 /cos α (Flight 1 and Flight 3)
+ 1 supports in short – side direction L1 (landing beam D3)
B 2 /cos α
 Ratio of long – side and short – side ( L1 ):
B 2 /cos α (1500/0.9)
¿ =1.282<2
L1 1300
→ Flight 2 is determined as two – way slab (with 3 supports).

2. STRUCTURAL DIAGRAM
Cut a strip with b = 1000 mm for calculations.
Flight 1:
Flight 1 is one – way slab working with 2 supports (Beam D1 and landing beam D3
).
hd
 Determine the ratio
hs
hd 1
250
¿ =2.5<3
hs 100
hd 2
250
¿ =2.5<3
hs 100
→ Flight 1 is considered as a simply supported beam with hinge connections at

both ends.
Figure 4. Structural diagram of Flight 1
Flight 3:
Flight 3 is one – way slab working with 2 supports (Beam D1 and landing beam D3
).
hd
hs
hd 1
250
¿ =2.5<3
hs 100
hd 2
250
¿ =2.5<3
hs 100
→ Flight 3 is considered as a simply supported beam with hinge connections at

both ends.
Figure 5. Structural diagram of Flight 3
Flight 2:
Flight 2 is two – way slab working with
+ 2 supports in short – side direction L1 (Beam D1 and landing beam D3).
hd
hs
hs 100
1
¿ =1< 3
hs 100
hs 100
3
¿ =1< 3
hs 100
→ Flight 2 is considered as a simply supported beam working in L1 direction with

hinge connections at both ends.
+ 1 supports in long – side direction B2 × cosα
hd 3
250
¿ =2.5<3
hs 100
→ Flight 2 is considered as a simply supported beam working in B2 × cosα direction

with one hinge connection at one end.
3. DETERMINE APPLIED LOAD
3.1. Dead load
Stair landing:
gc1 ¿ ∑ ( γ i ×δ i )
where:
γi is the unit weight of layer i
δi is the thickness of layer i
Table 1. Calculation of dead load on landing
Component Specific weight Thicknes Standard load

s
( kN /m3 ) ( kN /m2)
(mm)
Granite tile 24 20 0.48
Lining mortar 18 20 0.36
Concrete slab 25 100 2.5
Plastering 18 15 0.27
mortar
Total standard DL on landing gc1 3.6

Waist slab:
The equivalent thickness of constructive layer of waist slab as follow:
+ For granite and mortar lining with the thickness of δ i:
δ1
( hb +lb ) × δ i ×cos α
¿
lb
(150+ 300 ) × 20 ×0.9

δ ¿ =27 mm
300
+ For stair with dimension h b ×l b :
hb ×cos α
δ2 ¿
2
150× 0.9
δ ¿ ≈ 68 mm
2
+ For waist slab with the thickness of h s:
δ3 ¿ h s=100 mm
+ For plaster layer:
δ4 ¿ 15 mm
Table 2. Calculation of dead load on flight
Specific weight Thickness Standard load

Component
( kN /m3 ) (mm) ( kN /m2)
Granite tile 24 27 0.648
Lining mortar 18 27 0.486
Brick step 16 68 1.088
Concrete slab 25 100 2.5
Plastering mortar 18 15 0.27
Total standard load of layer on flight gc'2 5.0

The area load ( kN /m2) of self-weight of handrails of the stairs acting on the structure:
width of the stair ¿ 1.5 m
0.3 kN /m
grail ¿ =0.2 kN /m 2
1.5 m
Therefore, the total self – weight of the flight is calculated as follow:
gc2 ¿ gc'2 + g rail=5+ 0.2=5.2 kN /m2
3.2. Live load
The standard load on stair:
pc ¿ 3 kN /m2
3.3. Total load for calculation
3.3.1. Standard load
Stair landing:
q c1 ¿ gc1 + pc =3.6+3=6.6 kN /m2
Waist slab:
q c2 ¿ gc2 + pc × cos α =5.2+3 ×0.9=7.9 kN /m2
3.3.2. Calculated load
Stair landing:
q tt1 ¿ 1.35 g1c +1.5 pc =1 .35× 3.6+1.5 ×3=9.4 kN /m 2
Waist slab:
q tt2 ¿ 1.35 g c2+ 1.5 p c ×cos α
q tt2 ¿ 1.35 ×5.2+1.5 ×3 ×0.9=11.1 kN /m2

4. DETERMINE THE APPLIED LOADS & INTERNAL FORCES FOR
FLIGHT 2:
Flight 2:
Figure 6. Calculation data for rectangular slab with distributed load (Reinforced
Concrete Structures 3 – Vo Ba Tam)
According to Figure 3:
+ Flight 2 is considered as Diagram 1 (beam with 3 supports – hinge

connections)
+ Ratio of short side and long side:
Lx L1 1300
¿ = =0.8
Ly B2 /cos α 1500/0.9
 Standard load:
 Applied load:
q c2 ¿ 7.9 kN /m2
 Internal forces
→ M x (11) ¿ 0.0207 × p × L x 2
→ Mx ¿ 0.0207 × ( q2c ×cos α ) × L12
→ Mx ¿ 0.0207 × ( 7.9 × 0.9 ) × 1.32
→ Mx ¿ 0.25 kNm
→ M y(22) ¿ 0.058 × p × L y 2
2
B2
→ My c
¿ 0.058 × ( q ×cos α ) ×
2 ( )
cos α
2
1.5
→ My ¿ 0.058 × ( 7.9 ×0.9 ) × ( )
0.9
→ My ¿ 1.15 kNm
→→ M yr (12) ¿ 0.0922 × p × L y 2
2
B2
→ My ¿ 0.0922 × ( qc2 × cos α ) × ( )
cos α
2
1.5
→ My ¿ 0.0922 × ( 7.9 ×0.9 ) × ( )0.9
→ My ¿ 1.82 kNm
 Calculated load
 Applied load:
q tt2 ¿ 11.1 kN / m2
 Internal forces:
→ M x (11) ¿ 0.0207 × p × L x 2
→ Mx ¿ 0.0207 × ( qtt2 × cos α ) × L12
→ Mx ¿ 0.0207 × ( 11.1 × 0.9 ) × 1.32

→ Mx ¿ 0.35 kNm
→ M y(22) ¿ 0.058 × p × L y 2
2
B2
→ My tt
¿ 0.058 × ( q2 ×cos α ) × ( )
cos α
2
1.5
→ My ¿ 0.058 × ( 11.1 × 0.9 ) × ( )
0.9
→ My ¿ 1.61 kNm
→→ M yr (12) ¿ 0.0922 × p × L y 2
2
B2
→ My tt
¿ 0.0922 × ( q ×cos α ) ×
2 ( )
cos α
2
1.5
→ My ¿ 0.0922 × ( 11.1 ×0.9 ) × ( )
0.9
→ My ¿ 2.56 kNm
INTERNAL FORCES FOR FLIGHT 1:
Loads acting on Flight 1:
 Standard Load
 Waist slab
Consider on a strip with width b = 1m
+ Load distribution of waist slab on Flight 1 – qs1-2c:
q s 1−2c ¿ q c2 ×1 m=7.9 ×1=7.9 kN /m
 Landing:

c
+ Load distribution of landing on Flight 1 q cn : 1
q cn c 1
¿ q c1 ×1 m=6.6 × 1=6.6 kN /m
c
+ Load transferring from Flight 2 to landing of Flight 1 q s −s : 1 2
Step 1: Distribution in trapezoid model
(B2 /cosα ) (1.5/0.9)

q s −s c ¿ q c2 × =7.9× =6.6 kN /m
1 2
2 2
Step 2: Convert into concentrated load q s −s , concentrated: 1 2
q s −s , concentratedc
1 2
{ [
L1 + L 1 − ( B /cosα
2
2
)]}×q s 1−s 2
c
¿ Atrapezoid 1=
2
1.5/ 0.9
q s −s , concentrated
1 2
¿
{ [
1.3+ 1.3−(
2
) ×6.6 ]}
=5.8 kN
2
c
Step 3: Mutate to distributed load q s −s , d istribu ted :
1 2
c q s1− s2 , concentrated c q s 1−s 2 ,concentrated c
q s −s , dist ributed ¿ =
1 2
A1 L1 × B 1
5.8
q s −s , dist ributed ¿ =3.7 kN /m 2
1 2
1.3× 1.2
Therefore, the total load acting on the landing of Flight 1:

c
qs 1−1
¿ q cn c + q s −s ,distributed c × 1 m
1 1 2
qs 1−1
¿ 6.6+3.7 × 1=10.3 kN /m
 Calculated load
 Waist slab
+ Load distribution of waist slab on Flight 1 qs1-2
q s 1−2tt ¿ q tt2 × 1m=11.1 × 1=11.1 kN /m
 Landing:
q cn tt 1
¿ q tt1 × 1m=9.4 ×1=9.4 kN /m
tt
(B 2 /cosα) (1.5 /0.9)

q s −s tt tt
¿ q2 × =11.1 × =9.25 kN /m
1 2
2 2
tt
Step 2: Mutating into concentrated load q s −s , concentrated : 1 2
B2 /cosα
1 2
tt
¿ Atrapezoid 1=
{ [ (
L1 + L1 −
2 )]}×q s1−s2
tt
2
1.5/0.9
1 2
¿
{ [
1.3+ 1.3−(
2 ]}
) × 9.25
=8.2 kN
2
tt
Step 3: Distributed load q s −s , distributed : 1 2
q s1− s2 , concentratedtt q s 1−s 2 ,concentrated tt

q s −s , dist ributedtt ¿ =
1 2
A1 L1 × B 1
8.2
1 2
1.3× 1.2

tt
qs 1−1
¿ q cn tt +q s −s ,distributed tt ×1 m
1 1 2
qs 1−1
¿ 9.4 +5.3× 1=14.7 kN / m
Reaction forces of Flight 1
 Standard load
 Dead load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
c
→HD 1 ,g
¿0
 ∑MD 3
¿0
L12 L2 L2
→VD 1 ,g
c
¿
c
g1 ×
2
c
+ g2 ×
cos α
× L1 +
2 ( )
L1 + L 2
1.3 2 3.4 3.4

→VD 1
¿
3.6×
2
+5.2×
0.9
× 1.3+
2 (
=13.2kN
)
1.3+3.4
 ∑ Fy ¿0
c c c L2 c
→VD ¿ g1 × L 1 + g2 × −V D
3 ,g
cos α 1
3.4
→VD ¿ 3.6 ×1.3+5.2 × −13.2=11.12 kN
3
0.9
 Live load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
c
→HD 1, p
¿0
 ∑ MD 3
¿0
L1 2 c L L
→VD 1, p
c
¿
p ×c
2
+ p × 2 × L1 + 2
cos α 2 ( )
L1 + L2
1.32 3.4 3.4

→VD 1
¿
3×
2
+3 ×
0.9
× 1.3+
2
=7.8 kN
( )
1.3+3.4
 ∑ Fy ¿0
L2
→ V D , pc c
¿ p × L1 + p ×
c
−V D
c
3
cos α 1
3.4
→VD ¿ 3 ×1.3+3 × −7.8=7.43 kN
3
0.9
 Total load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
→HD c 1
¿0
 ∑MD 3
¿0
L1 2 L2 L2
→VD 1
c
¿
qs
1−1
c
×
2
+ qs1−2
c
×
cos α
× L1 +
2 ( )
L1 + L2
1.32 3.4 3.4

→VD 1
¿
10.3×
2
+7.9×
0.9
× 1.3+
2 (
=20.9 kN
)
1.3+3.4
 ∑ Fy ¿0
L2
→VD c ¿ qs
c
× L1 +q s
c
× −V D
c
3 1−1 1−2
cos α 1
3.4
→VD ¿ 10.3 ×1.3+7.9 × −20.9=22.33 kN
3
0.9
 Calculated load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
→HD 1
¿0
 ∑ MD 3
¿0
2
L1 L L
→VD 1
¿
qs ×
1−1
2
+q s × 2 × L1+ 2
cos α
1−2
2 ( )
L1 + L2
1.3 2 3.4 3.4

→VD 1
¿
14.7×
2
+11.1 ×
0.9
× 1.3+
2( =29.4 kN
)
1.3+3.4
 ∑ Fy ¿0
L2
→VD ¿ q s × L1 +q s × −V D
3 1−1 1−2
cos α 1
3.4
→VD ¿ 14.7 ×1.3+11.1 × −29.4=31.6 kN
3
0.9
Internal forces of Flight 1:
 Standard load
Consider an area which located at x (m) from D1 support
−q s c
M xc ¿ × x 2+ V D c × x
1−2
2× cos α 1
d M xc
M x c reaches maximum when =0
dx
V D c ×cos α
→x ¿ 1
c
qs 1−2
20.9× 0.9
→x ¿ =2.4 m
7.9
At x ¿ 2.4 m
−7.9
→ M max c ¿ ×2.4 2 +20.9× 2.4=24.88 kNm
2× 0.9
At x ¿ L2=3.4 m
−7.9
→ M at 3.4 mc ¿ ×3.4 2 +20.9× 3.4=20.32 kNm
2× 0.9
Shear force at x ¿ 2.4 m
Q xc ¿−q s × x +V D × cos α
1−2 1
Qx ¿−7.9× 2.4+20.9 × 0.9=−0.15 kN ≈ 0 kN
 Calculated load
−qs tt
Mx ¿ × x 2+ V D × x
1−2
2× cos α 1
dMx
M x reaches maximum when =0
dx
V D ×cos α
→x
1
¿ tt
qs 1−2
29.4 ×0.9
→x ¿ =2.4 m
11.1
At x ¿ 2.4 m
−11.1
→ M max ¿ ×2.4 2 +29.4 ×2.4=35 kNm
2× 0.9
At x ¿ L2=3.4 m
−11.1
→M ¿ ×3.4 2 +29.4 ×3.4=28.7 kNm
2× 0.9

tt
Qx ¿−q s 1−2
× x +V D × cos α
1
Qx ¿−11.1 ×2.4+ 29.4 ×0.9=−0.18 kN ≈ 0 kN
Bending moment for reinforcement of Flight 1
M mid−span ¿ 0.7 × M max
M mid ¿ 0.7 ×35=24.5 kNm
M support ¿ 0.4 × M max
M mid ¿ 0.4 × 35=14 kNm
Figure 7. Bending Moment Diagram of Flight 1

INTERNAL FORCES FOR FLIGHT 3:
Loads acting on Flight 3:
 Standard Load
 Waist slab
+ Load distribution of waist slab on Flight 3 q s 3−2c:

q s 3−2c ¿ q c2 ×1 m=7.9 ×1=7.9 kN /m
 Landing:

c
q cn c 3
¿ q c1 ×1 m=6.6 × 1=6.6 kN /m
c
(B2 /cosα ) (1.5/0.9)

q s −s c ¿ q c2 × =7.9× =6.6 kN /m
3 2
2 2
Step 2: Mutating into concentrated load q s −s , concentrated: 3 2
3 2
c
{ [
L1 + L1 − ( B /cosα
2
2 )] }×q s 3−s 2
c
¿ Atrapezoid 3=
2
1.5/ 0.9
1 2
¿
{ [ 1.3+ 1.3−(
2 ]}
) ×6.6
=5.8 kN
2
Step 3: Distributed load q s −s , distributed: 3 2
c q s3 −s 2, concentrated c q s 3−s 2 ,concentrated c

q s −s , dist ributed ¿ =
3 2
A1 L1 × B 1
5.8
1 2
1.3× 1.2

c
qs 3−3
¿ q cn c + q s −s ,distributed c ×1 m
3 3 2
qs 1−1
¿ 6.6+3.7 × 1=10.3 kN /m
 Calculated load
 Waist slab:
Consider on a strip with width b=1 m
+ Load distribution of waist slab on Flight 3 q s 3−2tt

tt
qs 3−2
¿ q tt2 × 1m=11.1 × 1=11.1 kN /m
 Landing:
q cn tt 3
¿ q tt1 × 1m=9.4 ×1=9.4 kN /m
tt
(B 2 /cosα) (1.5 /0.9)

q s −s tt tt
¿ q2 × =11.1 × =9.25 kN /m
3 2
2 2
Step 2: Mutating into concentrated load q s −s , concentrated: 3 2
B 2 / cosα
3 2
tt
¿ Atrapezoid 3=
{ [
L1 + L 1 − ( 2 )] }×q s3−s2
tt
1.5/0.9
1 2
¿
{ [
1.3+ 1.3−(
2
) × 9.25 ]}
=8.2 kN
2
tt
Step 3: Distributed load q s −s , distributed : 3 2
tt q s −s ,concentrated tt qs − s , concentratedtt
q s −s , dist ributed ¿ 3 2
= 3 2
3 2
A1 L1 × B 1
8.2
1 2
1.3× 1.2

tt
qs 3−3
¿ q cn tt +q s −s , distributed tt ×1 m
3 3 2
qs 1−1
¿ 9.4 +5.3× 1=14.7 kN / m
Reaction forces of Flight 3
 Standard load
 Dead load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
→ H D , gc 1
¿0
 ∑MD 3
¿0
L12 L2 L2
→VD 1 ,g
c
¿
c
g1 ×
2
c
+ g2 ×
cos α
× L1 +
2 ( )
L1 + L 2
1.3 2 3.4 3.4

→VD 1
¿
3.6×
2
+5.2×
0.9
× 1.3+
2( =13.2kN
)
1.3+3.4
 ∑ Fy ¿0
c c c L2 c
→VD ¿ g1 × L 1 + g2 × −V D
3 ,g
cos α 1
3.4
→VD ¿ 3.6 ×1.3+5.2 × −13.2=11.12 kN
3
0.9
 Live load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
c
→HD 1, p
¿0
 ∑ MD 3
¿0
c
→VD 1, p
L12 c L L 1.32 3.4 3.4

¿
pc ×
2 cos α 2 (
+ p × 2 × L1 + 2 3 ×
=
2
+3 ×
0.9 )
× 1.3+
2
=7.8 kN
( )
L1 + L2 1.3+3.4
→VD 1
 ∑ Fy ¿0
c c c L2 c
→VD ¿ p × L 1+ p × −V D
3, p
cos α 1, p
3.4
→VD ¿ 3 ×1.3+3 × −7.8=7.43 kN
3
0.9
 Total load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
→HD c 1
¿0
 ∑ MD 3
¿0
L1 2 L2 L
→VD 1
c
¿
qs 3 −3
c
×
2
+ qs 3−2
c
×
cos α
× L1 + 2
2 ( )
L1 + L2
1.32 3.4 3.4

→VD 1
¿
10.3×
2
+7.9×
0.9
× 1.3+
2 (
=20.9 kN
)
1.3+3.4
 ∑ Fy ¿0
L2
→VD c ¿ qs
c
× L1 +q s
c
× −V D
c
3 3−3 3−2
cos α 1
3.4
→VD ¿ 10.3 ×1.3+7.9 × −20.9=22.33 kN
3
0.9
 Calculated load
 ∑ Fx ¿0
→HD 1
¿0
 ∑ MD 3
¿0
L12 L L
→VD 1
¿
qs ×3 −3
2
+q s × 2 × L1 + 2
3−2
cos α 2 ( )
L 1 + L2
1.3 2 3.4 3.4

→VD 1
¿
14.7×
2
+11.1 ×
0.9 (
× 1.3+
2 )
=29.4 kN
1.3+3.4
 ∑ Fy ¿0
L2
→VD ¿ q s × L1 +q s × −V D
3 3−3 3−2
cos α 1
3.4
→VD ¿ 14.7 ×1.3+11.1 × −29.4=31.6 kN
3
0.9
Internal forces of Flight 3:
 Standard load
−q s c
M xc ¿ × x 2+ V D c × x
3−2
2× cos α 1
d M xc
M x c reaches maximum when =0
dx
c
V D ×cos α
→x ¿ 1
c
qs 3−2
20.9× 0.9
→x ¿ =2.4 m
7.9
At x ¿ 2.4 m
−7.9
→ M max c ¿ ×2.4 2 +20.9× 2.4=24.88 kNm
2× 0.9
At x ¿ L2=3.4 m
−7.9
→ M at 3.4 mc ¿ ×3.4 2 +20.9× 3.4=20.32 kNm
2× 0.9
Q xc ¿−q s × x +V D × cos α
3−2 1
Qx ¿−7.9× 2.4+20.9 × 0.9=−0.15 kN ≈ 0 kN
 Calculated load
−qs tt
Mx ¿ 3−2
× x 2+ V D × x
2× cos α 1
dMx
M x reaches maximum when =0
dx
V D ×cos α
→x
1
¿ tt
qs 3−2
29.4 ×0.9
→x ¿ =2.4 m
11.1
At x ¿ 2.4 m
−11.1
→ M max ¿ ×2.4 2 +29.4 ×2.4=35 kNm
2× 0.9
At x ¿ L2=3.4 m
−11.1
→M ¿ ×3.4 2 +29.4 ×3.4=28.7 kNm
2× 0.9

tt
Qx ¿−q s 3−2
× x +V D × cos α
1
Qx ¿−11.1 ×2.4+ 29.4 ×0.9=−0.18 kN ≈ 0 kN
Bending moment for reinforcement of Flight 3
M mid−span ¿ 0.7 × M max

M mid ¿ 0.7 ×35=24.5 kNm
M support ¿ 0.4 × M max
M mid ¿ 0.4 × 35=14 kNm
Figure 8. Bending Moment Diagram Flight 3

7. LANDING BEAM D3 ANALYSIS
D3 beam is a break beam which has the design scheme of a simple beam. The
calculated span is the distance between 2 axes of columns C1, under the effect of:
7.1. Determine the load applied on D3
Self-weight of beam:
Horizontal D3 beam:
gcb =g cb
1 3
¿ b b ×(hb −h s)×n × γ bt
gcb 1
¿ 0.2 × ( 0.25−0.1 ) × 1× 25=0.75 kN /m
Inclined D3 beam:
1
gcb ¿ b b ×(hb −h s) ×n × γ bt ×
2
cos α
1
gcb ¿ 0.2 × ( 0.25−0.1 ) × 1× 25× =0.84 kN /m
1
0.9
Self-weight of wall:
gwall ¿ 0 kN /m2
Load transfer from Flight 2 to D3 inclined beam:
V 2− D 3 , gc ¿ g2c × L1=5.2× 1.3=6.76 kN /m
V 2− D 3 , pc ¿ pc × L1=3 ×1.3=3.9 kN /m
The total load on D3 landing beam:
 Standard load:
Horizontal D3 beam at Landing 1:
V D 3 , gc V D 3 , pc
q cb 1 (
¿ g cb + g wall +
1
1m )
+
1m
11.12 7.43
q cb 1 (
¿ 0.75+0+
1
+
1 )=19.3 kN /m
V D 3 , gc V D 3 , pc
q c
b1 ( c
¿ g + gwall +
b3
1m
+
1m )
11.12 7.43
q cb 1 (
¿ 0.75+0+
1
+) 1
=19.3 kN /m
Inclined D3 beam segment:
q ttb 2
¿ ( g cb + g wall+ V 2−D3 , gc )+V 2− D 3 , p c
2
q cb 1
¿ ( 0.84+ 0+6.76 ) +3.9=11.5 kN /m
 Calculated load:
V D 3 , gc c
V
q ttb 1 (
¿ 1.35 × g cb +g wall +
1
1m )+1.5 × D 3 , p
1m
11.12 7.43
q cb 1 (
¿ 1.35 × 0.75+0+
1 )
+1.5 ×
1
=27.2 kN /m
V D 3 , gc c
V
q ttb 1 (
¿ 1.35 × g cb + gwall +
3
1m )+1.5 × D 3 , p
1m
11.12 7.43
q cb 1 (
¿ 1.35 × 0.75+0+
1 )
+1.5 ×
1
=27.2 kN /m
Inclined D3 beam segment:
q ttb 2
¿ 1.35 × ( g cb + g wall+ V 2−D 3 , gc )+1.5 ×V 2−D 3 , pc
2
q cb 1
¿ 1.35 × ( 0.84+ 0+6.76 ) +1.5 ×3.9=16.11 kN /m
The design scheme and load type are show in figure
From that, we can calculate shear and moment (by hand or program).
Here are the tables show the summary of applied load on each component.
Table 3. Summary of standard load of flight 1 and 3
Dead load Live load Total load

Standard load
(kN/m) (kN/m) (kN/m)
Landing ( gc1) 3.6 3.0 6.6
Waist slab ( gc2) 5.2 2.7 7.9
Table 4. Summary of calculated load of flight 1 and 3
Dead load Live load Total load

Calculated load
(kN/m) (kN/m) (kN/m)
Landing ( gtt1 ) 4.9 4.5 9.4
Waist slab ( gtt2 ) 7.0 4.1 11.1
Table 5. Summary of standard load of flight 2
Total load
Calculated load
(kN/m2)
q c2 7.9
Table 6. Summary of calculated load of flight 2
Total load
Calculated load
(kN/m2)
q tt2 11.1
Table 7. Summary of standard load on D3 landing beam:
Calculated load Total load (kN/m)

c
Horizontal D3 beam at landing 1 (q b )
1
27.2
c
1
27.2
c
Inclined D3 beam segment (q b ):
2
16.11
Table 8. Summary of calculated load on D3 landing beam:
Calculated load Total load (kN/m)
tt
1
27.2
tt
1
27.2
tt
Inclined D3 beam segment (q b ):
2
16.11
7.2. Determine the internal forces
Reaction forces:
∑M ¿0
A
B12 tt B 2 B2 B1
→q
2
tt
+ qb 2
b1
cos α 2 ( tt
)
+B 1 +q b 1 B1 B1 +B 2+
2 (
−R D ( B1+ B 2+ B1 ) =0 )
B12 tt B B B
→ RD
¿
q × tt
b1
2 cos α 2 (
+ qb 2 × 2 × 2 +B 1 +q ttb 1 × B1 × B 1+ B2 + 1
2 ) ( )
( B 1+ B 2 + B 1 )
1.22 1.5 1.5 1.2

→ RD
¿
27.2×
2
+16.11×
0.9
×
2 ( )
+1.2 + 27.2×1.2 × 1.2+1.5+
2 ( )
( 1.2+1.5+1.2 )
→ RD ¿ 46.1 kN
tt tt B2 tt
→RA ¿ q b 1 × B1 +q b 2 × +q b1 × B1−R D
cos α
1.5
→RA ¿ 27.2 ×1.2+16.11 × +27.4 ×1.2−46.1=46.3 kN
0.9
Consider an area to select the random point E which is located away from A
a length, x:
B1 1
ME ¿ R A × x −qttb 1 × B1 x− ( 2 )
−q ttb 2 × ( x−B 1 )2 ×
2 cos α
(1)
Shear force at point E:
1
QE ¿ R A −q ttb 1 × B1−qttb 2 × ( 2 x−2 B1 ) ×
2 cos α
Maximum moment occurs when Q E=0
( R A −q ttb 1 × B1 ) ×cos α
x ¿ + B1
q ttb 2
( 46.3−27.2 ×1.2 ) ×0.9
x ¿ +1.2
16.11
x ¿ 1.96 m (2)
From (1) and (2), we can calculate maximum moment:
1.2 1
M max ¿ 46.3 ×1.96−27.2 ×1.2 × 1.96− ( 2 )−16.11 × ( 1.96−1.2 )2 ×
2× 0.9
M max ¿ 41.2 kNm
The shear force at point E:
QE
1
¿ R A −q ttb 1 × B1−qttb 2 × ( 2 x−2 B1 ) × =46.3−27.2× 1.2−16.11 × ( 2 ×1.96−2× 1.2 )=−10.83 kN
2 cos α

Group 5 Assignment

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HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECNOLOGY

FACULTY OF CIVL ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTOR: Assoc.Prof., Ph.D., Hồ Đức Duy

Lê Huy Vinh : 1852872

Dương Minh Khôi : 1852480

Đỗ Phạm Hoàng Long : 1852521

Ho Chi Minh City, October 6th, 2021

Figure 1. Information and requirement

+ d ≥10 mm :CB 300−V

 Flight 1 : (150 × 300) × 11 steps

 Flight 2 : (150 × 300) × 5 steps

 Flight 3 : (150 × 300) × 11 steps

Cross – sectional dimensions:

Figure 2. Plan view of three-flight stair

1. ANALYZE AND SELECT STRUCTURAL SOLUTION AND LAYOUT

 Stair Type: Waist slab stair case.

 Flight 1 consists of 2 supports (Beam D1 and landing beam D3)

 Flight 3 consists of 2 supports (Beam D1 and landing beam D3)

 Flight 2 consists of 3 supports (Flight 1&3 and landing beam D3)

 A stair landing is considered as designing a slab. Hence, determining the

Considering a single slab with thickness of h, rectangular plan with lengths:

Figure 3. Boundary conditions

According to boundary condition: 2 supports in long – side direction L2 (Beam D1

According to boundary condition: 2 supports in long – side direction L2 (Beam D1

→ Flight 3 is determined as one – way slab.

+ 2 supports in long – side direction B2 /cos α (Flight 1 and Flight 3)

+ 1 supports in short – side direction L1 (landing beam D3)

→ Flight 2 is determined as two – way slab (with 3 supports).

Cut a strip with b = 1000 mm for calculations.

→ Flight 1 is considered as a simply supported beam with hinge connections at

Figure 4. Structural diagram of Flight 1

→ Flight 3 is considered as a simply supported beam with hinge connections at

Figure 5. Structural diagram of Flight 3

Flight 2 is two – way slab working with

+ 2 supports in short – side direction L1 (Beam D1 and landing beam D3).

→ Flight 2 is considered as a simply supported beam working in L1 direction with

 Determine the ratio

→ Flight 2 is considered as a simply supported beam working in B2 × cosα direction

3. DETERMINE APPLIED LOAD

3.1. Dead load

γi is the unit weight of layer i

δi is the thickness of layer i

Table 1. Calculation of dead load on landing

Component Specific weight Thicknes Standard load

Granite tile 24 20 0.48

Lining mortar 18 20 0.36

Concrete slab 25 100 2.5

Total standard DL on landing gc1 3.6

The equivalent thickness of constructive layer of waist slab as follow:

+ For granite and mortar lining with the thickness of δ i:

(150+ 300 ) × 20 ×0.9

+ For stair with dimension h b ×l b :

+ For waist slab with the thickness of h s:

+ For plaster layer:

Table 2. Calculation of dead load on flight

Specific weight Thickness Standard load

Granite tile 24 27 0.648

Lining mortar 18 27 0.486

Brick step 16 68 1.088

Concrete slab 25 100 2.5

Plastering mortar 18 15 0.27

Total standard load of layer on flight gc'2 5.0

Therefore, the total self – weight of the flight is calculated as follow: