OF

Mrs. BASUNDHARA UPADHAYAYA

SUBMITTED TO:
Chandragiri Municipality
Building Permit Section

MaGH 2077

1
1.0 BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................3
2.0 INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
3.0 ASSUMPTION AND DATA:....................................................................................................4
3.1 LOADS:.....................................................................................................................................................4
3.1.1 Dead Load:.................................................................................................................................4
3.1.2 Live load:....................................................................................................................................5
3.1.3 Seismic Load:.....................................................................................................................................5
3.2 Load Cases and Load combinations used:................................................................................................5
3.2.1 Static and Lateral Load cases:.....................................................................................................5
3.2.2 Design Load Combinations:........................................................................................................6
4.0 DESIGN:..........................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Bearing Capacity of SOIL:...................................................................................................................9
4.2 Slab Design:........................................................................................................................................9
4.3 Columns:..........................................................................................................................................10
4.4 Beams:..............................................................................................................................................10
4.5 Staircases:..............................................................................................................................................10
5.0 Conclusions:.............................................................................................................................10
Appendix 1: References.......................................................................................................................11
Appendix 2: Salient Features of Project..............................................................................................12
Salient Features:..........................................................................................................................................13
Sub soil PARAMETERS:.................................................................................................................................13
BUILDING PARAMETERS:..............................................................................................................................13
Loading and Design Parameters:..................................................................................................................13
BASIC DESIGN COMPONENTS:.....................................................................................................................15
Appendix 3: Model and Load calculation sheet and Load Input.........................................................16
Appendix 4: Output Data.....................................................................................................................21
Appendix 5: Sample design data.........................................................................................................30

2
1.0 BACKGROUND
Earthquakes are defined as earth’s surface vibrations caused by waves originating from a source of
disturbance in the earth mass. Earthquake is caused by volcanic eruption, slipping of faults i.e.
tectonic activities, big reservoirs, explosions etc.

In case of Nepal, slipping of faults i.e. tectonic activities cause earthquake because there are number
of active faults and thrusts in Nepal. Nepal’s geology is very young and hazardous. Also it lies in the
boundary of two seismically very active tectonic plates of the world i.e. Indian plate and Tibetan
plate. It is also said that the Indian plate is moving towards the Tibetan plate, which cause the
slippage of the faults causing the big earthquake. Thus Nepal is very vulnerable with respect to
seismic activities.

Though the time of shaking of earth mass is very small in fraction of seconds, it causes very severe
damages of properties as well as the lives. Nepal has so many experiences about such destructive
earthquakes. Out of them 1990 B.S. and 2045 B.S. are the recently known ones. Recently, 12th
baishak 2072, the massive earthquake which strike Nepal with epicenter at Barpak , Gorkha has
killed many lifes and destroyed the structures. The aftershocks created terror to the people as well.

Thus the seismic design of structure i.e. Earthquake resistant design of structure is found to be very
essential for countries like Nepal. The structures need to be designed and detailed so as to
counteract, the internal forces induce due to the earth mass shaking in base of these structures. The
design should ensure the structure against stability, strength and serviceability with acceptable levels
of seismic safety.

However, it would not be economically feasible to design the building so as to ensure that they
remain elastic and damage-free because the occurrence of maximum earthquakes is low, say one in
75 yrs. Thus it is reliable to design the ductile structure and not to design damage free structure but
non-collapsible structure for minimum destruction in lives and properties.

Thus the building is analyzed and Designed for earthquake safety and the brief report has been
prepared.

3
2.0 INTRODUCTION
The Structural design of residential building has been carried out using Etabs 18.1.1 by Limit State
Method of design.

The Literature review consists of standard literatures like national building code of India (IS code)
and Nepal national building code (NBC), other standard books of RCC structures. The dead load and
live loads are taken as per the recommendations of NBC and IS code. The seismic load i.e. base
shear is calculated by static seismic coefficient method using the procedures and guidelines provided
by NBC. Load bearing capacity and the soil data are assumed as per site condition.

The 3-D modeling of the building is built and the analysis is carried out using Etabs software.
Design load combinations are given as per the IS code.

Design of the structural elements are done by limit state method with the application of Etabs 18.1.1
software following IS code.

The cross beams i.e. secondary beams are provided to reduce the effective span of the panels in
order to reduce the depth of slab. The reduction of depth of slab is very much effective in reducing
the weight of the building, as it is notable that the contribution of slab is 60% out of total load of
building.

The Floor slab and beam combination has made the building stiffer which help in resisting the
distributed seismic load. The weak girder and strong column system has been adopted to facilitate
more stability against the lateral load.

The frames are designed for the total vertical load coming to individual column with ignoring the
stiffness of the infill wall but the considering its load.

3.0 ASSUMPTION AND DATA:

3.1 LOADS:
All the loads are extracted from the IS code.

3.1.1 Dead Load:

The Dead load on the frame is calculated floor wise and it comprises of the Self weight of
beams, columns, slabs, foundations, and partition wall floor finishes etc. The dead load due to the self weight
is auto calculated by the software itself from material properties assigned and the size of the section. In case
of the dead load of the wall the calculation is shown in the table.

As per IS 875 part I:

Self Weight of all the components of the building:
Columns
Beams

4
Slab with Floor finishes and other finishing
Stairs
Partition Wall
Main Wall and all components

2) Partition Wall Load:

It comprises the unit load of partition wall of 110mm/230mm th. brick wall including plaster.

3) Floor finishing load:

It comprises Marble/tile Flooring and cement plaster on wall and ceiling, including screeding,
punning, IPS flooring etc. it is taken as 1KN/m2

4) Partition Load:
In case the partition is not defined during design the Partition Wall load of 1 KN/m 2
is applied on the floor for future partition wall to be made.

3.1.2 Live load:

The live load for the building is extracted from the IS code 875 part II -1987 for different
occupancies.

For Residential Building:

Live Load Intensity for spaces of different purpose:

Rooms and Kitchen 2 KN/m2

Bath and toilet rooms: 2 KN/m2
Balconies: 3 KN/m2
For staircase, passages and corridor: 3 KN/m2
For Roof:
Slope < 10˚:
Access provided: 1.5 KN/m2
Access not provided: 0.75 KN/m2
Slope > 10˚: (0.75-0.02 for each degree increase in slope) KN/m2

3.1.3 Seismic Load:

Seismic Coefficient Method is applied to calculate the seismic load on the components.
Seismic load on the building is calculated automatically and distributed to each floor diaphragm
from the software Etabs 18.1.1.

3.2 Load Cases and Load combinations used:

3.2.1 Static and Lateral Load cases:

The static load cases including lateral load assigned to the software are as follows

5
 S.no. Load Type Load Cases in Remarks
Etabs 17.0.1

1. Dead Load DEAD Self Weight of building

components
2. Wall Load Wall load, Parapet As per unit weight of wall
wall load and material
Partition wall load.
3. Floor Finishing Floor finish As per unit weight of the
Load finishing materials
4. Live Load Live upto 3 and As per IS 875-2
Live more than 3
5. Staircase Dead load Dead As per unit weight of concrete.

6. Staircase Live load Live As per IS 875-2

7. Earth quake load in EQx As per IS 1893:2002

X-X dir
8. Earth quake load in EQy As per IS 1893:200
Y-Y dir

3.2.2 Design Load Combinations:

Design Load combinations define the various factored combinations of thee load cases for which the
structure is to be designed. The design loading combinations are obtained by multiplying the
characteristic loads by appropriate partial factor of safety.

The Load Combinations used as per IS 1893-2002 is as follows:

TABLE: Load
Combination
Definitions        
Name Type Is Auto Load Name SF
         
Linear
DCon1 Add Yes Dead 1.5
DCon1     Floor Finish 1.5
DCon1     Wall/Parapet Load 1.5
Partition Wall
DCon1     Load 1.5
DCon1     Staircase Dead 1.5
Linear
DCon2 Add Yes Dead 1.5
DCon2     Live 1.5
DCon2     Floor Finish 1.5
DCon2     Wall/Parapet Load 1.5

6
 Partition Wall
DCon2     Load 1.5
Staircase Dead
DCon2     1.5
DCon2     Staircase Live 1.5
Linear
DCon3 Add Yes Dead 1.2
DCon3     Live 1.2
DCon3     Floor Finish 1.2
DCon3     Wall/Parapet Load 1.2
Partition Wall
DCon3     Load 1.2
DCon3     Staircase Dead 1.2
DCon3     Staircase Live 1.2
DCon3     EQx 1.2
Linear
DCon4 Add Yes Dead 1.2
DCon4     Live 1.2
DCon4     Floor Finish 1.2
DCon4     Wall/Parapet Load 1.2
Partition Wall
DCon4     Load 1.2
DCon4     Staircase Dead 1.2
DCon4     Staircase Live 1.2
DCon4     EQx -1.2
Linear
DCon5 Add Yes Dead 1.2
DCon5     Live 1.2
DCon5     Floor Finish 1.2
DCon5     Wall/Parapet Load 1.2
Partition Wall
DCon5     Load 1.2
DCon5     Staircase Dead 1.2
DCon5     Staircase Live 1.2
DCon5     EQy 1.2
Linear
DCon6 Add Yes Dead 1.2
DCon6     Live 1.2
DCon6     Floor Finish 1.2
DCon6     Wall/Parapet Load 1.2
Partition Wall
DCon6     Load 1.2
DCon6     Staircase Dead 1.2
DCon6     Staircase Live 1.2

7
DCon6     EQy -1.2
Linear
DCon7 Add Yes Dead 1.5
DCon7     Floor Finish 1.5
DCon7     Wall/Parapet Load 1.5
Partition Wall
DCon7     Load 1.5
DCon7     Staircase Dead 1.5
DCon7     EQx 1.5
Linear
DCon8 Add Yes Dead 1.5
DCon8     Floor Finish 1.5
DCon8     Wall/Parapet Load 1.5
Partition Wall
DCon8     Load 1.5
DCon8     Staircase Dead 1.5
DCon8     EQx -1.5
Linear
DCon9 Add Yes Dead 1.5
DCon9     Floor Finish 1.5
DCon9     Wall/Parapet Load 1.5
Partition Wall
DCon9     Load 1.5
DCon9     Staircase Dead 1.5
DCon9     EQy 1.5
Linear
DCon10 Add Yes Dead 1.5
DCon10     Floor Finish 1.5
DCon10     Wall/Parapet Load 1.5
Partition Wall
DCon10     Load 1.5
DCon10     Staircase Dead 1.5
DCon10     EQy -1.5
Linear
DCon11 Add Yes Dead 0.9
DCon11     Floor Finish 0.9
DCon11     Wall/Parapet Load 0.9
Partition Wall
DCon11     Load 0.9
DCon11     Staircase Dead 0.9
DCon11     EQx 1.5
Linear
DCon12 Add Yes Dead 0.9
DCon12     Floor Finish 0.9
DCon12     Wall/Parapet Load 0.9

8
 Partition Wall
DCon12     Load 0.9
DCon12     Staircase Dead 0.9
DCon12     EQx -1.5
Linear
DCon13 Add Yes Dead 0.9
DCon13     Floor Finish 0.9
DCon13     Wall/Parapet Load 0.9
Partition Wall
DCon13     Load 0.9
DCon13     Staircase Dead 0.9
DCon13     EQy 1.5
Linear
DCon14 Add Yes Dead 0.9
DCon14     Floor Finish 0.9
DCon14     Wall/Parapet Load 0.9
Partition Wall
DCon14     Load 0.9
DCon14     Staircase Dead 0.9
DCon14     EQy -1.5

4.0 DESIGN:
The design for structural components beam, column, secondary beam is carried out with the help of Etabs
18.1.1 and the design of slab, staircase and footing was done manually and the design calculation sheet is
attached herewith the report.

4.1 Bearing Capacity of SOIL:

Allowable Bearing Capacity of the soil is assumed as 130 KN/m2.
The grade of concrete used is M20 for all structural members including footing. The Tor steel bars of
Fe 500 is used for all the structural elements.

4.2 Slab Design:

The Slabs Are Designed as two-way slab by bending moments coefficient method for different
existing boundary conditions as per the code IS 456-2000.The boundary conditions considered are as
follows:
1. Interior Panels
2. One long edge discontinuous
The straight bars are used at bottom with out any bent up. And the extra cut pieces are used for extra
top bar.

9
 4.3 Columns:
Columns are designed with the help of Etabs 18.1.1. Each Column was designed for the total
vertical load coming on to the individual column. The percentage of steel is checked as per Limit
governed by IS 456.The stirrup Area is checked for the spacing provided.

The spacing of stirrups is as per the requirement of seismic criteria given in seismic code and
seismic detailing code. Also the lapping and any other detailing requirement of IS 13920 is followed.

4.4 Beams:
Beams are designed with the software Etabs 18.1.1 considering the reversible effect due to
the seismic force. The most critical value of seismic force of all possible direction has been
considered.
The Shear Stirrups are designed as per the requirements and instruction of code and area of
the stirrups are checked for provided spacing. The spacing of the stirrups is governed by the seismic
detailing requirements.

4.5 Staircases:
Stair case is designed for the live load 3 KN/m2 as per the code and standard RCC books.

5.0 Conclusions:
The Seismic design of the Residential Building is done as per the relevant IS codes. The
Dead and Live Load of the building is taken as per the IS code 875. The Seismic load is as per the IS
code 1893-2002 by seismic coefficient method assigned to the Analysis and Design software Etabs
18.1.1 .
The Analysis of the 3-D model after assigning all the Dead, live and seismic load is done in
Etabs. And also the Design of each and every member of column and beam is done from the Etabs
using IS code Isolated footing is designed manually.
The other detailing Rules for column, beam, foundation and the beam column junction etc
concerning the stirrups size, spacing, lap length, confining of joints are done as per the IS code
13920 for ductile design.
Check for deflection limit and storey drift was done which was found satisfactory.
After design of all members the structural drawing is drawn as per design and other detailing
rules for earthquake resistant building.
Hence Safe, stable and the economical seismic design of the building is done.

10
11
Appendix 1: References

REFERENCES:
1.0 IS code 456-2000: Plain and Reinforced Concrete code of Practice
2.0 IS code 1893 (part I)-2002: Criteria for earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
3.0 IS code 875-1987: Code of Practice for Design Loads
Part 1 Dead Loads
Part 2 Imposed Loads
Part 5 Special loads and Load combination
4.0 IS code 13920-1993: Ductile Detailing of RCC structures subjected to seismic Force-Code
of practice
5.0 RCC structures by A.K. Jain
6.0 RCC structures by S.N. Sinha
7.0 Limit State Design by Vargees
8.0 Structural Design of Multistoried building by U.H. Varyani
9.0 IS code SP 16 Design guidelines for RCC Structures
10.0 IS code SP 34 for detailing of RCC structures

12
Appendix 2: Salient Features of Project

13
 Salient Features:

PROJECT: Structural Analysis and Design of Residential Building

LOCATION: Chandragiri Municipality, Ward no. 03
CLIENT: Mrs. BASUNDHARA UPADHAYAYA

Sub soil PARAMETERS:

SOIL TYPE: stiff silty clay
ALLOWABLE BEARING CAPACITY: 130 KN/m2 Assumed
WATER TABLE:
DEPTH OF FOUNDATION: 1.6m

BUILDING PARAMETERS:
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM: RCC Framed structure
NO. OF STOREY: 3 storey and staircase cover
PROVISION FOR FUTURE EXTENSION: CONSIDERED
STOREY HEIGHT: 2.84m

Loading and Design Parameters:

Materials Used:
Cement: 53 Grade Ordinary Portland cement
Steel: Tor steel bars of Fe 500 Grade
Brick: Local bricks with compressive strength of 10 KN/m2
Sand: Specification as per IS Code
Aggregate: Specification as per IS Code
Wood: Sal wood/ Sishaum wood

Grade of Concrete: M20 for all structural components including footing i.e. Beams, slabs,
foundation and staircases etc.

Grade of Steel: Tor steel bars of Fe 500 Grade

Design and Analysis: Etabs 18.1.1 design and analysis software
Design Method: Limit State of Design method with IS code 456:2000 and
Other relevant IS codes.

14
LOADING PARAMETERS:

1) DEAD LOAD: Comprises of all the self weight of all the components of
the building each floor wise.

2) LIVE LOAD: For rooms: 2 KN/m2

For Bath rooms and toilets: 2 KN/m2
For Staircase, corridor and passages: 3 KN/m2
For Roof : 1.5 KN/m2

3) WALL LOAD: As per the weight of the brick wall

4) FLOOR FINISHING LOAD: As per the weight of Floor finishing materials

5) PARTITION LOAD: As per code for partition wall not conformed during the
design taken as 1 KN/m2

6) SEISMIC LOAD: As per the recommendation and guide lines provided

in IS 1893-2002.
a) Seismic Weight: Comprises of dead load +25 % Live load
For (Live Load <=3 KN/m2, IS code, Clause 5.5.1
seismic load)

TABLE: Load Pattern Definitions - Auto Seismic - IS 1893 2002

Is
Auto Ecc Top Bottom Site Period Coeff Weight Base
Name Load Ratio Story Story Z Type I R Used Used Used Shear
                  sec   kN kN
EQx No 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5        
EQx(1/3) Yes 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5 0.464 0.09 4040.10 363.61
EQx(2/3) Yes 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5 0.464 0.09 4040.10 363.61
EQx(3/3) Yes 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5 0.464 0.09 4040.10 363.61
EQy No 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5        
EQy(1/3) Yes 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5 0.464 0.09 4040.10 363.61
EQy(2/3) Yes 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5 0.464 0.09 4040.10 363.61
EQy(3/3) Yes 0.05 Story4 Base 0.36 II 1 5 0.464 0.09 4040.10 363.61

15
BASIC DESIGN COMPONENTS:

 Foundations: Isolated Footing and Strap Beam

 Columns: Square Column of size 300 X 300mm

 Beams: Rectangular beam of Size 350 X 230mm

 Slabs: 125mm thick two-way Slab

 Staircase: Open well Type Stair, Riser = 175mm, Tread = 250 Waist Slab = 150mm

 Wall: 110 and 230 mm thick brick masonry in 1:4 and 1:6 cement sand mortar

 Door/Window: Sal wood door and Aluminum windows frame and shutter

16
Appendix 3: Model and Load calculation sheet and Load Input

17
3D Model

18
 a) STATIC LOAD ON BUILDING:
i) DEAD LOAD:
Unit wt. of Materials:
As per IS 875 Part I:
Reinforced Cement Concrete= 25 KN/m³
Brick Masonry= 18.85 KN/m³
Finishing Works:
Cement Plaster= 20.40 KN/m³
Screeding= 20.40 KN/m³
Marble Floor Finishing= 26.70 KN/m³

Dead Load due to the walls on the beam of the Building:

Dimensions
Depth (D) Total
Finishing Self
S.No. Building Components Width (B) or Height Unit Units Remarks
Load Weight
mm (H) Weight
mm
1 9"outer wall without opening 230 2500 1.28 10.84 12.11 KN/m
30% opening
2 9" outer wall with opening 230 2500 0.89 7.59 8.48 KN/m outer wall
40% opening
3 9" outer wall with opening 230 2500 0.77 6.50 7.27 KN/m outer wall
60% opening
outer wall
4 9" outer wall with opening 230 2500 0.51 4.34 4.85 KN/m
10% opening
inner wall
5 9" inner wall with opening 230 2500 1.15 9.75 10.90 KN/m
6 4"inner wall without opening 110 2500 1.28 5.18 6.46 KN/m
20% opening
7 4" outer wall with opening 110 2500 1.02 4.15 5.17 KN/m outer wall
40% opening
8 4" outer wall with opening 110 2500 0.77 3.11 3.88 KN/m outer wall

9 4" parapet wall 110 600 0.28 1.24 1.52 KN/m

ii) LIVE LOAD:

Imposed Floor load For Residential Building:
As per IS 875 part II:
Live Load Intensity for rooms= 2 KN/m²
Live Load for Staircase,Corridors,Passages and Lobbies= 3 KN/m²
Live Load for Bath and Toilet Rooms = 2 KN/m²
Live Load for Balconies = 3 KN/m² same as per the rooms that serves
Live Load for flat , sloping or curved Roof with slope upto 10
degree and Access Provided= 1.5 KN/m²
Loads due to light Partitions= 1 KN/m² Minimum loading for partition walls

19
iii) STAIRCASE LOAD:
Staircase Between Ground Floor and First Floor

Size of Staircase Feet metre

Length = 13.84 4.22
Breadth = 8.17 2.49
Average of slab and steps thickness = 0.58 0.18
Dead load of slab and steps Total 46.46 kN
Length of beam supporting staircase = 8.17 2.49 m
Self Weight
Load per m 9.33 kN/m
Floor finish load on staircase = Total 15.77
Floor Finish
load per m 3.16 kN/m

Total Dead load per m span of beam = 12.49 kN/m

Live Load of Staircase = Total 31.53 kN

Live load per
m 6.33 kN/m

iv) PARTITION WALL LOAD:

Load on
Storey Wall Load Per Total Area of floor Floor
Length of Wall (m) metre (KN/m) Load(KN) (m2) (KN/m2)

First Floor and

Second floor
wall at North
West side Bed
Room 4.09 6.46 26.41 14.34 1.84
First Floor &
Second Floor
wall at East
side
Kitchen/Dining 2.34 6.46 15.11 13.5 1.12
First Floor &
Second Floor
wall at West
side
Kitchen/Dining 1.60 6.46 10.34 12.91 0.80

20
Live Load

21
Floor Finish

22
Staircase Dead Load

23
Staircase Live Load

24
Partition Wall Load

25
Wall Load

26
Appendix 4: Output Data

27
Deformed Shape

28
Bending Moment Diagram

29
Shear Force Diagram

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
Appendix 5: Sample design data

52
 Design of Two way slab
Critical Slab (First Floor Bed room)
Dimension of Slab
c-c length along longer span, ly 4572 mm
c-c length along shorter span, lx 3200 mm
support width 230 mm
clear span ly 4342 mm
clear span lx 2970 mm
ly+.5d 4397
lx+.5d 3025
effective span
along longer span, ly 4397 mm IS 456 Cl. 22.2.b.2
along shorter span, lx 3025 mm IS 456 Cl. 22.2.b.2
thickness of slab 110 mm
clear cover 15 mm
total thickness 125 mm
Reinforced used, Fy 500 N/mm2
fck 20 N/mm2
self wt. of concrete (γ) 25 KN/m3

ly/lx 1.454 <2

type of slab <2 two way slab
One Short Edge Discontinuous

Load Calculation
Self Weight 3.125 KN/m2
live load 2 KN/m2
floor finish 1.5 KN/m2
Partition Wall load 1.84 KN/m2
FOS 8.465
total load 1.5 12.6975 KN/m2

provide the reinforcement of dia 8 mm

Shorter Direction Longer Direction
S. No. Description
Support mid Support mid
1 αx & αy 0.056071 0.042607 0.037 0.028
2 BM 6.514902 4.950465 4.299032 3.253322
3 Ast required 140.6474 106.0116 91.757 69.07414
4 Ast min 150 150 150 150
5 Spacing reqd 335.2381 335.2381 335.2381 335.2381
6 Spacing prov. 150 150 150 150
7 Ast provided 335.2381 335.2381 335.2381 335.2381
8 % of steel provided 0.26819 0.26819 0.26819 0.26819

53
 Check for deflection control criteria
lx 3025
d 110
lx/d 27.500
(l/d)basic 26
γ 1 from fig 6 of IS456
β 1 from fig 5 of IS456
Fs 129.759 N/mm2
% of tensional reinforcement 0.268
α 2 from fig 4 of IS456
now, (l/d)basic*αβγ 52 OK Safe

Check Shear
Vumax 15.690 KN
Nominal Shear Stress 0.143 N/mm2
From table 20 of IS 456
fck 20
τcmax 2.8 OK Safe
overall depth,D 125

From table 19 of IS 456

100*Ast/(bd) 0.152
τc 0.281905 from table 19 of IS 456
k 1.3 From cl. 40.2.1.1
τ'c 0.366476 OK Safe

Results
Overall depth of slab = 125 mm
Main bar along short span at support 8mm φ @ 150 mm c/c
Main bar along short span at mid 8mm φ @ 150 mm c/c
Main bar along long span at support 8mm φ @ 150 mm c/c
Main bar along long span at mid 8mm φ @ 150 mm c/c

54
55
 Design of Isolated Foundation (F4)

Load from column, P (unfactored) 419.13 kN

Self Weight of footing (15% of column Load) 62.87 kN
Total Load on soil 482.00 kN
Safe bearing capacity of Soil (SBC) 130 KN/m2
Column (L) 300 mm
Grade of concrete, fck M20 20 N/mm2
Grade of steel, fy 500 N/mm2

Area required 3.708 m2

Length and width required 1.93 m
Length provided 1.98 m
Net upward soil pressure (qu) 0.160 N/mm2

Bending Moment Calculation

Area for bending moment calculation 957600.00 mm2
Upward force from soil on above area 153565.70 N
Centroid of this force from face of column 523.16 mm
B.M about x-x passing through face of column 80339106.480 Nmm
From moment,
Mu=0.36fck*b*Xu,lim(d-0.42Xu,lim)
Mu=0.138fckbd2
Depth required 311.493 mm
Increase the depth required by 30% 404.941
Provide overall depth, D 400 mm
Depth at edge 200 mm

Check for one way shear

At distance d from face of column,
Depth at critical section 337.50 mm
Top width of footing at critical section 1100.00 mm
Average width (b) 1540.00 mm
Design moment at critical section 30736231.88 Nmm
TanB 0.238
Shear force, Vu 139710.145 N
Nominal Shear stress, Tv 0.227 N/mm2
Minimum strength of M20 concrete 0.280 N/mm2
Since, Nominal Shear stress < Minimum concrete strength Safe in one way shear

56
Check for two way shear
At distance d/2 from face of column,
Length at critical section 700.00 mm
Perimeter at this section 2800.00 mm
Depth at critical section 400.00 mm
Area of concrete resisting two way shear 1120000.00 mm2
Two way shear (Punching shear) at critical section 550116.71 N
Nominal Shear stress, Tv 0.49 N/mm2
Permitted two way shear stress 1.118 N/mm2
Since, Nominal shear stress < Permitted two way shear stress Safe in two way shear

Calculation of Reinforcement
From the expression
Mu = 0.87fy*Ast*d(1-(Astfy/bdfck))
Then,
Ast required 517.50 mm2
Let us provide rein. Of φ 12 mm
Spacing required 432.72 mm
Provide spacing 150 mm Ok

Check For Development Length

Dia of bar from column, φ 16 mm
Development Length Ld, required 778.25 mm For M20 Concrete
Clear cover for footing 50 mm
Available Length for Ld 1240 Ok

Final Design Result

Size of footing (L x B) 1.98 X 1.98 m
Depth at column Face (D) 400 mm
Depth at edge 200 mm
Reinforcement 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c

57
 Design of Dog Legged Staircase First Flight

Span of Staircae 4000 mm

Width of Staircase 1020 mm
Tread (T) 250 mm
Riser ( R) 175 mm
thickness of slab (trial) 160 mm
Thickness of Waist Slab Adopted 129 mm
clear cover 15 mm
Bar Diameter (Trial) 12 mm
total thickness 150 mm
Reinforced used, Fy 500 N/mm2
fck 20 N/mm2
self wt. of concrete (γ) 25 KN/m3

Load Calculation (Per m Span of Staircase)

Load on going
Weight of Waist Slab 4.58 KN/m
Weight of Steps 2.19 KN/m
Floor Finish 1.50 KN/m
Live Load 3.00 KN/m

Total Factored Load on Going (FOS = 1.5) 16.90 KN/m

Load on Landing Slab

Weight of Slab 3.75 KN/m
Floor Finish 1.50 KN/m
Live Load 3.00 KN/m

Total Factored Load on Landing (FOS = 1.5) 12.38 KN/m

Length of first landing (L1) 1.1 m

Length of Going (G1) 1.8 m
Length of Second Landing (L2) 1.1 m

Ra = 28.82 KN
Maximum Moment occurs at Distance 2.00 m
Maximum Moment = 31.06 KN-m

provide the reinforcement of dia Main Bar 12 mm Dist bar 10

1 BM 31.06
2 Ast required 482.635498
3 Ast min 180 180
4 Spacing reqd 234.427135 436.5079
5 Spacing prov. 150 150
6 Ast provided 754.285714 523.8095
7 % of steel provided 0.50285714 0.349206

58
 Check for deflection control criteria
Span 4000
d 129
lx/d 31.008
(l/d)basic 20
γ 1 from fig 6 of IS456
β 1 from fig 5 of IS456
Fs 185.559 N/mm2
% of tensional reinforcement 0.503
α 1.6 from fig 4 of IS456
now, (l/d)basic*αβγ 32 OK Safe

Check Shear
Vu 1.09 KN
τv 0.073 N/mm2
From table 20 of IS 456
fck 25 N/mm2
100As/bd 0.003 N/mm2
τc 0.42084 interpolate
For Slab with D=175 τc 0.483966 N/mm2

τv < τc

τcmax 3.1 N/mm2 OK Safe

0.5*τcmax 1.55 N/mm2

Results
Overall depth of slab = 150 mm
Main bar 12mm φ @ 150 mm c/c
Distribution Bars 10mm φ @ 150 mm c/c

59
Appendix 6: Column and Beam Reinforcement Detail

60
Column Reinforcement :
Concrete Grade=M20
Steel Grade=Fe 500
Ast
Width Depth Total Total
Col. Reqd from No of No of
Story Lvl. Column Grid b D A st Prov Ast Prov
ID Etabs 20Ø 16Ø 2
(mm ) %
(mm) (mm) (mm2) Remarks
Second Floor 300 300 2,376.00 8 2513.27 2.79
First Floor C1 F3 & G3 300 300 2,407.00 8 2513.27 2.79
Ground Floor 300 300 2,024.00 8 2513.27 2.79

Second Floor 300 300 1,781.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29

First Floor C2 F1 300 300 2,156.00 8 2513.27 2.79
Ground Floor 300 300 1,740.00 8 2513.27 2.79

Second Floor E1, G1, F4, 300 300 1,990.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29
First Floor C3 G4, E6, F6 & 300 300 1,890.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29
Ground Floor G6 300 300 1,614.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29

Second Floor 300 300 1,356.00 8 1608.50 1.79

First Floor C4 D1 & C6 300 300 1,468.00 8 1608.50 1.79
Ground Floor 300 300 1,342.00 8 1608.50 1.79

Third Floor 300 300 1,771.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29

Second Floor 300 300 1,602.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29
C5 E2, B5 & E5
First Floor 300 300 1,701.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29
Ground Floor 300 300 1,705.00 4 4 2060.88 2.29

Third Floor 300 300 1,586.00 8 1608.50 1.79

Second Floor 300 300 1,317.00 8 1608.50 1.79
C6 A2 & D2
First Floor 300 300 1,545.00 8 1608.50 1.79
Ground Floor 300 300 1,582.00 8 1608.50 1.79

61
 Beam Reinforcement:
Concrete Grade=M20
Steel Grade=Fe 500

Bars Bars Total

Area from
Story Lvl. Beam Locatio Width Depth Positio 2
No of 16Ø No of 12Ø Ast Prov Stirrups
Etabs (mm ) 2
n n (mm )
Remarks
th ex th ex
X-X Direction Beam (Grid A-B-C, D-D, E-E, F-F & G-G)
Stair Top 162.00 2 226.19
Support
Cover Bot 158.00 2 226.19
Top 158.00 2 226.19 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 158.00 2 226.19 in drawing.
Top 169.00 2 226.19
Support
Bot 158.00 2 226.19
Third Top 333.00 3 339.29
Support
Floor Bot 235.00 3 339.29
Top 158.00 3 339.29 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 237.00 3 339.29 in drawing.
Top 321.00 3 339.29
Support
Bot 210.00 3 339.29
Second Top 564.00 2 1 603.19
Support
Floor Bot 352.00 1 2 427.26
Top 183.00 2 402.12 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 337.00 1 2 427.26 in drawing.
Top 556.00 2 1 603.19
Support
Bot 315.00 1 2 427.26
First Top 601.00 2 1 603.19
Support
Floor Bot 409.00 1 2 427.26
Top 209.00 2 402.12 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 378.00 1 2 427.26 in drawing.
Top 598.00 2 1 603.19
Support
Bot 388.00 1 2 427.26

62
Y-Y Direction Beam (Grid 1-1, 2-3, 5-4 & 6-6)
Stair Top 183.00 2 226.19
Support
Cover Bot 158.00 2 226.19
Top 158.00 2 226.19 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 158.00 2 226.19 in drawing.
Top 208.00 2 226.19
Support
Bot 158.00 2 226.19
Third Top 289.00 3 339.29
Support
Floor Bot 223.00 3 339.29
Top 158.00 3 339.29 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 158.00 3 339.29 in drawing.
Top 337.00 3 339.29
Support
Bot 168.00 3 339.29

Second Top 477.00 2 1 603.19

Support
Floor Bot 396.00 1 2 427.26
Top 172.00 2 402.12 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 224.00 1 2 427.26 in drawing.
Top 531.00 2 1 603.19
Support
Bot 268.00 1 2 427.26
First Top 550.00 2 1 603.19
Support
Floor Bot 399.00 1 2 427.26
Top 221.00 2 402.12 As indicated
Mid 9" 14"
Bot 263.00 1 2 427.26 in drawing.
Top 599.00 2 1 603.19
Support
Bot 365.00 1 2 427.26

63