BASICS

Ideal gas : Equation of state

Where:
n: number of moles considered; P: oressure; V: volume;
T: Temperature
Knowing that the molar volume of a perfect gas is 22.4 L under
"normal" conditions of temperature (0 ° C) and pressure (101325
Pa), the perfect gas constant des “R” is expressed by: :

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 BASICS
• Air = dry air + water vapor
• dry air, constitutes 79% Nitrogen & 21% Oxygen, by volume
• water vapor: variable in quantity.
• Law of Dalton: The total pressure of a mixture is equal to the sum
of partial pressures of all constituents.
• Consider a mixture of three gases at the same temperature and
occupying the same total volume:

• Atmospheric pressure:

Where H: altitude [m] 2

 SATURATION CURVE
• When heating water at constant pressure, it is found that
throughout the duration of boiling, the temperature does not vary.
Each value of the pressure corresponds to a value of the liquid-
vapor change of state temperature. There is coexistence of the
liquid state and the vapor state, it is the saturating temperature

• The curve connecting Ts to P is the saturation curve. It also allows,

reciprocally, to determine at which pressure Ps (saturation
pressure) liquid-vapor coexistence is possible for a given
temperature T.

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SATURATION CURVE

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 HUMID AIR
• The quantity of water vapor in air may vary
as a result of humidification or drying air.
• Absolute Humidity:

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 RELATIVE HUMIDITY
Relative humidity, or hygrometric degree, is defined as the ratio of the
vapor partial pressure in air to the saturation vapor partial pressure at
the same temperature:

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SPECIFIC VOLUME

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 SPECIFIC ENTHALPY
hair = hdry,air + w.hwater,vapor

hdry,air = Cpa . Ta (Cpa ≈ 1.006 kJ/kg.K)

(Note: specific enthalpy of dry air at 0°C = 0 kJ/kg)

hwater,vapor = hfg + Cpv . Tv

hfg ≈ 2500 kJ/kg: latent heat of vaporization (specific enthalpy of
water vapor at 0°C),
Cpv ≈ 1.84 kJ/kg.K

hair = Cpa . Ta + w.(hfg + Cpv . Tv)

For temperatures encountered in air conditioning:

hair ≈ Ta + 2500w 8
MELANGE

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rapport des longueurs

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