Name: Jalil B.

Dimasangkay

CD1, QUIZ 1-Part 1

 Supposed you are a police officer affecting an arrest, how will you explain the three basic
Miranda rights?
Supposed, I am a police officer affecting an arrest, I will explain the three basic Miranda
rights by informing the defendant of the rights that he/she has; The right to consult with an
attorney before questioning, the right to have an attorney present during questioning, and the
right to have an attorney appointed if the suspect cannot afford one.

 Cite one actual experience of any or news clip about police brutality and express your views as
a criminology student.
There was this one viral video of a policeman, Senior Master Sergeant Jonel Nuezca,
who shot his neighbors, Sonya Gregorio and her son, Frank Anthony. As a criminology student,
studying the law and human rights, I don’t see any way the accused should be shown any mercy.
He does not have the right to kill and end the life of his neighbors, whether he is a policeman or
with much higher position than that. He was supposed to give protection to people and
property because that is his job, to enforce the law. As a future Policeman, I am obliged to serve
to maintain law and order in local areas by protecting members of the public, preventing crime,
and reducing the fear of crime. Unfortunately, Senior Master Sergeant Jonel Nuezca failed on
that.

 Mr. A expressed to enter an extrajudicial confession. Without the presence of counsel the
police officer immediately executed the said confession. Is the act made by the police officer
correct? Why?
The act made by the Police officer is not correct. First, he must have recited to Mr. A the
Miranda rights. When police question someone in custody without first Mirandizing them,
anything the person says is presumed to be involuntary and cannot be used against them in any
criminal case.

 Mr. Y was invited to the police station for questioning. Can he involve his right against self-
incrimination? Why?
Yes, Mr. Y can. The right against self-incrimination is found in Art. III, Sec. 17 of the 1987
Philippine Constitution which states that “No person shall be compelled to be a witness against
himself”.

 An extrajudicial confession to be considered admissible must be VOLUNTARY.

CD1 QUIZ cp 1-Part2

 Explain in less than 50 words your own understanding about CRIMINAL/ CRIME
INVESTIGATION.
In my own understanding, criminal investigation or crime investigation, is the process of
studying facts by collecting informations for evidences that can be used to inform criminal trials
in order to identify who is the guilty, if a crime is committed or not, and in order to apprehend
the perpetrator.This process includes searching, interrogations, interviews, collecting of
evidences and preservation, and different more methods of investigation.

 Give example on each stage of the three stages of crime.

 Intention
The intention is the first stage of any offense. In this stage, the offender decides the
motive and decides his course or direction towards the offense. For example, Mr. W
wants to poison his friend. But he didn’t do anything more. Ironically, the law cannot
punish Mr.W just for having an intention to do any illegal act.
 Preparation
Preparation is the second stage of any offense. It means to arrange the necessary
resources for the execution of the intentional criminal act. For example, If Mr. X buys a
poison and keeps the same in his pocket everyday in order to kill his enemy, but does
nothing more. Mr. X has not committed any offense because he is at the stage of
preparation and it will be impossible for the prosecution to prove that Mr. X is carrying a
poison in his pocket for the purpose of killing someone.
 Accomplishment
The last stage in the commission of an offense is its successful completion. For example,
Mr. X poisoned Mr. B with the intention to kill him, if B dies, A will be guilty of
committing the offense of murder and if B is only injured, it will be a case of attempt to
murder.

 Based on your understanding, differentiate murder, homicide, parricide and infanticide.

Based on my own understanding, Murder is the task of unlawfully committing crime by
killing one person by another. Homicide, on the other hand is a neutral term. It onlyu describes
the act that was committed. It can be lawful or unlawful. Parricide, another term, is the killing
of a parent or other near relative. And then, infanticide, or also known as infant homicide is
the killing of infants or offspring.