War and Peace

July 13th

Английский язык. “Экспедиция” (B2-C1)

History phrasals
History phrasals

bring about happy memories

bring back a change in policy

bring down the patient

bring forward the date

bring in the government

bring out a new law

bring round the issue of

bring up a new model

Vocabulary
 War and peace

http://www.debate.org/opinions/are-there-better-alternatives-t
o-war

http://www.vernalproject.org/papers/understanding/Nonviolen
tAlternatives.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7cBNvQlCP4

http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/10/03/the-alternative-to-war/
War and peace
War idioms
War idioms
War idioms
Britain at war
Evacuation
People expected cities to be bombed, as enemy planes tried to destroy factories. But
bombs would hit homes and schools too, so children would be in danger. The
government tried at the start of the war to 'empty the cities' of children and mothers.
This was 'evacuation', to protect them from air raids.
The plan was put into action in September 1939. About 800,000 children left their
homes. However, many returned home after a few weeks. Others stayed in the
countryside for the rest of the war.
Many London children went to Devon, Cornwall and Wales. Other children moved to
villages in the North, East Anglia and Scotland.
Evacuees went to live with host families. Their new homes were called 'billets'.
'Billeting officers' arranged for people to look after the children. Things did not always
go to plan. Some children ended up in the wrong places. Sometimes evacuees just stood
in a line, and local people picked which children to take.
A smaller number of children (perhaps 10,000) went to other countries such as Canada,
Australia and the United States.
Air raids
Air raids on London began in September 1940. This was the start of the
Blitz. Lots of other places were bombed, including industrial cities and
ports such as Birmingham, Coventry, Southampton, Sheffield,
Manchester, Liverpool, Hull and Glasgow. There were air raids on
seaside towns, such as Eastbourne, and on cathedral cities such as
Canterbury.
In 1944, Britain faced attacks from new weapons. First came the V-1, a
robot 'flying bomb'. Then there was the V-2, a rocket which flew so fast
no-one could see or hear it coming. London was the main target for V-1
and V-2 attacks.
Many people had their own air raid shelter. Called an Anderson
Shelter, it could be built in a small garden. It was made of steel panels.
The panels were 'corrugated' (made wavy), which made the shelter
strong, especially with soil spread over the top. In London, more than
150,000 people went into Underground stations every night for shelter.
They slept on the platforms.
Rationing
Food rationing began in 1940 and lasted till 1954. This meant each
person could buy only a fixed amount of certain foods each week.
Much of Britain's food came from other countries in ships. Enemy
submarines sank so many ships that there was a shortage of some foods.
Rationing made sure everyone got a fair share. You had to hand over
coupons from your ration book, as well as money, when you went
shopping.
People had to register with local shops to use their ration books. Often Weekly ration for 1 adult
long queues formed as soon as people heard that shops had more ● Bacon & Ham 4 oz
supplies. The first foods rationed were bacon, sugar, tea, butter and ● Meat to the value of 1 shilling and sixpence (around about
1/2 lb minced beef)
meat. Lots more foods were rationed later, including sweets! One egg a ● Butter 2 oz
week was the ration in 1941. There were no bananas, so younger ● Cheese 2 oz
children did not see their first banana until the war ended. ● Margarine 4 oz
● Cooking fat 4 oz
Clothes were rationed too, so clothing factories could switch to war ● Milk 3 pints
● Sugar 8 oz
work. Paper, petrol and other things, such as soap (one bar a month) and ● Preserves 1 lb every 2 months
washing powder, were also rationed. ● Tea 2 oz
● Eggs 1 fresh egg per week
*1 Ounce = 28.3495231 Grams; 1 ● Sweets/Candy 12 oz every 4 weeks
pound = 0,45359237 Kg
❏ The Women of World War
❏ Battle of Britain Memorial,
Capel-le-Ferne
❏ Battle of Britain Museum, Kent
❏ Bletchley Park Museum
Winston Churchill Occupation: Prime Minister of Great Britain
Born: November 30th, 1874 in Oxfordshire, England in
Blenheim Palace.
Died: 24 January 1965 in London, England
Best known for: Standing up to the Germans in World
War II

Famous quotes:
In his first speech as Prime Minister he said "I have
nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat."

In a speech about fighting the Germans he said "We

shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in
the hills; we shall never surrender."

Churchill Museum and Cabinet War Rooms, London

 Remembrance Day (11.11)

The Armistice of 11 November 1918 effectively ended the Great

War, and many hoped that “all wars” had ended that day.

a staggering 888,246 poppies appear in the grounds of the Tower

- one for every soldier from the UK, Australia and the
Commonwealth killed during the First World War