NON-FINITE AND VERBLESS CLAUSE

 Finite and non-finite clause ( infinite clause)

- Finite clauses have conjugated verbs

Ex: i forgot that i bought foods

- Nonfinite clause are verb phrases which do not show tense.

 There are 4 types of nonfinite clause:

1) Infinitve with to
With subject : we find difficult to solve this puzzzel.
Without subject: to solve this puzzel is impossible .
2) Infinitive without to
With subject: rather than John have it, i’d prefer to give the money to Edd.
Without subject: all she did was make him happy.
3) Gerund
Acting is fun
Killing is a crime
4) Present practicipal
With subject: Mr. Smith finding nothing in the box, he went back to the shop to complain.
With out subject: finding nothing in the box, he went back to the shop to complain
5) Past practicipla
With subject: we left the school and went home, the class finished .
Without subject: covered with confusion, i left the room.
 Function:

+Post-modifier: the letter for you to type is on your desk.

+ subject : drawing trees is easy

+ direct object : i wanted to draw the tree

+ adverbial :

o Whistling cheerfully, he typed the letter.

o Exhausted by his efforts, he left early.
o To type the letter accurately, he worked hard

+Complement of adjective: he is tall enough to touch the ceiling

 Verbless clauses
A verbless clause is a subordinate clause that has no verb in it at all

Compare:

1. John believes that the prisoner is innocent .( finite )

 2. John believes the prisoner to be innocent. ( non-finite )

3. John believes the prisoner innocent . ( verbless)

Ex : 1) Too tall to enter the room, he remained standing at the door

~ Being too tall to enter the room, he . . .
~ He was too tall to enter the room, and so he . . .
~ Because he was too tall to enter the room, he . . .
2) Whether successful or unsuccessful he always . . .
~ Whether he is successful or unsuccessful, he always . . .

3) Too nervous to move, she stood trembling.

~ Being too nervous to move, she stood trembling.
~ She was too nervous to move, and so she stood trembling.

 Function
 As complement to a preposition
While in Boston, i lived with my aunt
 As adjunct
The meeting finally over, they all adjoured to the local cafe

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Nonfinite and verbless https://123docz.net/document/2752077-tai-lieu-giao-trinh-english-grammar-

4.htm?fbclid=IwAR3CrPiy07RSMdw7R7f2DhYC8kXzTJwCc5lnRc_JMUhN3O1yGgYQdOxf4IM

Funtion of nonfinite

 https://www.slideshare.net/studentsandteachers/1-4270087?qid=bb926e01-d36c-4c09-aee2-
a875ba90c03a&v=&b=&from_search=16&fbclid=IwAR1GJto1OG0IznA7_gYE3kRNrkpY729b4aWQO
RX11CWwaT_DMRoXlnWTSeQ
 https://www.slideshare.net/NadraNasuha/non-finite-clause-sic?
fbclid=IwAR1ale0w4slEg7FIga7XavVde3SGAaumEW-AD9HbOM-AU9BN9SN7XWJ3nhI

Function of Verbless https://www.slideshare.net/jessicaedemy/non-finite-clauses-and-clauses-without-

verbs-chapter-13?fbclid=IwAR06lTaaNKaLZxXJ7lTR65CqANcVfB44hNc6mZW0czyjmNiz1tscueKnEBs