Josué Yerena López 22/10/2021

Activity 1
Participle Adjectives
Some participles (like 'bored' or 'boring') can be used as adjectives. These are used in a slightly different way
from normal adjectives.
We usually use the past participle (ending in -ed) to We usually use the present participle (ending in -ing)
talk about how someone feels: to talk about the person, thing, or situation which has
caused the feeling:
 I was really bored during the flight (NOT: I was  It was such a long, boring flight (so I was bored).
really boring during the flight).  I read a really interesting book about history (so I
 She's interested in history (NOT: She's really was interested).
interesting in history).  Many people find spiders frightening (so they're
 John's frightened of spiders (NOT: John's frightened when they see spiders).
frightening of spiders).

These participle adjectives make their comparative by using 'more' (not -er) and their superlative by using
'most' (not -est):
 I was more frightened of dogs than spiders when I  That book is more boring than this one.
was a child.  I think Dr Smith's lesson was more interesting
 For 24 hours on the flight to Australia, I was the than Dr Brown's.
most bored I've ever been.

Examples
alarmed alarming
I was alarmed by the loud bang. What an alarming noise!
amused amusing
He was amused to hear his little son singing in the bath. That TV programm is really amusing.
bored boring
The students looked bored as the teacher talked and talked. I've never seen such a boring film!
confused confusing
I was confused, because I asked two people and they told me two I find these instructions very confusing! Could you come and help
different things. me?
depressed depressing
I was feeling depressed, so I stayed at home with hot chocolate This weather is depressing! Is it ever going to stop raining?
and a good book.
embarrassed embarrassing
John was really embarrassed when he fell over in front of his new That is the most embarrassing photo! I look terrible!
girlfriend.
excited exciting
I'm so excited! I'm going on holiday tomorrow! It's a really exciting book. I couldn't wait to find out what
happened at the end.
exhausted exhausting
Julie was so exhausted after her exams; she spent the next three I hate doing housework! It's exhausting!
days sleeping.
fascinated fascinating
Joan was fascinated by her grandmother's stories of life in the The brain is fascinating, isn't it? It's amazing how much it can do.
1920s.
frightened frightening
I was really frightened of bees when I was little, but I don't mind What a frightening film! I don't want to walk home on my own
them now. now!
Josué Yerena López 22/10/2021

Activity 2
Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses. The most common relative pronouns are
who, whom, whose, which, that. The relative pronoun we use depends on what we are
referring to and the type of relative clause.

who people and sometimes pet animals defining and non-defining

defining and non-defining;
which animals and things clause referring to a whole
sentence
that people, animals and things; informal defining only
possessive meaning;
whose defining and non-defining
for people and animals usually;
sometimes for things in formal situations
people in formal styles or in writing; often
whom with a preposition; rarely in conversation; defining and non-defining
used instead of who if who is the object
no relative when the relative pronoun defines the
defining only
pronoun object of the clause

Examples

 We don’t know the person who donated this money.

 We drove past my old school, which is celebrating its 100th anniversary this year.
 He went to the school (that) my father went to.
 The Kingfisher group, whose name was changed from Woolworths earlier this year,
includes about 720 high street shops. Superdrug, which last week announced that it is
buying Medicare, is also part of the group.
 The parents (whom/who/that) we interviewed were all involved in education in some
way.
 I think there’d be a lot of children who’d love to have a climbing wall in school.
(defining)
 The first book was a terrible historical novel for children which was turned down by
every publisher to whom it was sent.
 He’s marrying a girl whose family don’t seem to like him.
 She had to get up and walk all the way to the other side of the room, which isn’t easy
with a bad back.
 We met somebody last night that did the speech therapy course two years after you.