Where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen?

“Different dates and Place of the Cry”

Case study Number 3

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Reading in the Philippine History

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Leader:

Lluvioso, Angelyn L.

Members:

Callera, Lourenz

De Veyra, Irene May

Maroto, Lambert Gual

Miranda, Erica Rose

Ojeda, Vince

Separa, Lyca Mae

2021

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 Table of Contents

I. INTRODUCTION

Statement of the problem………………..………………….…………………....

Presentation of the Problem………………..………………..……………………..

Defining Terms………………..………………..………………..………………......

Hypothesis ………………..………………..………………..………………………..

Assessing Related Literature………………..………………..……………………..

Significance of the Study………………..………………..…………………………

II. BODY

Background of the Research………………..………………..……………………...

Presentation of Data………………..………………..………………..……………

Arguments ………………..………………..………………..……………………….

Evidences………………..………………..………………..…………………………

Valuable and concise information………………..………………..……………….

III. CONCLUSION

Recommendation………………..………………..………………..………………

Concluding statement………………..………………..………………..…………

References………………..………………..………………..………………………

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INTRODUCTION

History signifies us about the unified strength of people for what they’ve been

through and what story they might tell us about, also the awareness or consciousness it

would provide. It is also an instrument for the better understanding of things around us

and the world.

We are connected, united and we reign from the past, providing us the path to

the brighter future ahead and shapes our lives, strengthens our faith, and if we want to

truly understand why something happened, only through the study of history can people

really see and grasp the reasons behind these changes, and only through history can

we understand what prospects we continuously see regardless of infinite change.

This aspect provides us an understanding of the past as to what our ancestors

had experienced during their time specifically in the colonial period, where many had felt

hideous oppressions and inferiority to those who had the power or superior in the era of

the colonial period.

As we go on through this study, we’ll be able to learn things about the Philippine

History and what happened before as we recall on the phenomena that might give us

the idea about our National Heroes’ experiences and gives us the authentic knowledge

for better discovery and identifications of events for certain time and place of the

phenomena.

The Philippine history has a lot to tell stories hidden beyond our knowledge and

compromise the gaps between the reality of the present, the past and the future to

better acknowledge the path that encompasses with the infinite changes of the world

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within us and the world beyond our imagination. This study aims to understand the

history of the Philippines especially to the time of the cry of rebellion where as we go on

to the study, we will be identifying the events happened and the places where it

happened, thus will give us a hint to the cry of the rebellion and it’s additional

information to help us give the awareness to other people to appreciate the efforts that

the Filipino citizens had given their all to claim the victory of the land against the

invaders of the territory.

Statement of the problem

This study aims to know where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen? “Different dates

and places of the cry”.

The findings of this research specifically, it seeks to answer the following

questions:

1. Some of the information that needs to know about “Cry of Rebellion”

1.1 What is the Cry of Rebellion all about?

1.2 Where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen?

1.3 When did the Cry of Rebellion Happen?

1.4 Who lead the Cry of Rebellions?

2. Did the katipuneros gained a success fight for freedom against colonialism of

the spaniards by tearing up the cedula?

Presentation of the Problem

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 The study consists of various concepts of “Cry of Rebellion”. This Presentation of

the Problem contains “Some of the information that need to know about the Cry of

Rebellion” which consist of; What is the Cry of Rebellion all about? Where did the Cry of

Rebellion Happen? When did the Cry of Rebellion Happen? And Who led the Cry of

Rebellions? The result of this case study would be gotten from the internet. And lastly

did the Katipuneros gained a success fight for

freedom against colonialism of the Spaniards

Figure 1. Presentation of the Problem
by tearing up the cedula?

1. Some of the information that needs to know about

“Cry of Rebellion”

Did the katipuneros

1.1 What is the Cry of Rebellion all about?
gained a success fight
for freedom against
1.2 Where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen? colonialism of the
spaniards by tearing
1.3 When did the Cry of Rebellion Happen? up the cedula?

1.4 Who led the Cry of Rebellions?

Defining Terms

 Katipuneros -Katipunero (plural, mga Katipunero) is the demonym of a male

member of the Katipunan. Katipunera (plural, mga Katipunera) refers to female

members.

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  Spaniards - Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a predominantly Romance-

speaking ethnic group native to Spain. Within Spain, there are a number of

national and regional ethnic identities that reflect the country. Spaniards are the

persons born in Spain.

 Rebellion - opposition to one in authority or dominance. It is an open, armed,

and usually unsuccessful defiance of or resistance to an established

government.

 Sycophants - In modern English, sycophant denotes an "insincere flatterer" and

is used to refer to someone practicing sycophancy. The word has its origin in the

legal system of Classical Athens.

Hypothesis

This study will seek to identify the cases of the history where the cry of

rebellion took place and what were the concise actions they had taken up to further

explain their said rebellion and what chances they get in succeeding against the

Spaniards colonizing the territory of the Philippines.

In addition, this study will give us an information in understanding the story or

the lessons behind their rebellion that will serve as guide in identifying other cases

such as the death of the National Heroes of the Philippines and more, thus will help

us see through a wide range of moral acquisition towards a better and intrinsic nature

of human personality or character and changes in existence.

This study will result to give the facts and evidences that will certainly provide

us the knowledge about the cases of the cry of rebellion and will make a general

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conclusion to the result of the rebellion against the Spaniards if they had gained

success and what actions that led to their executions or success in reclaiming back

the territory and the freedom against the invaders of the land.

Assessing Related Literature

According to a case study “where did the Cry of Pugad Rebellion Happened?”

uploaded by Veronica Fabia Molina in the internet states that in nineteenth-century

journalists used the phrase "el grito de rebelion" or "the Cry of Rebellion" to describe the

momentous events sweeping the Spanish colonies. In Mexico, it was the "Cry of

Dolores" (September 16th, 1810), Brazil the "City of Ypiraga" (September 7th, 1822),

and in Cuba the "Cry of Matanza" (February 24th, 1895).

According to a case study uploaded by Veronica Fabia Molina, also states that in

August 1896, northeast of Manila, Filipinos similarly declared their rebellion against the

Spanish colonial government. Manuel Sastron, the Spanish Historian, institutionalized

the phrased for the Philippines in his 1897 book, La Insurreccion en Filipinas. All these

"Cries" were milestones in the several colonial-to-nationalist histories of the world.

The case study also claimed that originally, the term cry referred to the first clash

between the Katipuneros and the Civil Guards (Guardia Civil). The cry could also refer

to the tearing up of community tax certificates (cédulas personales) in defiance of their

allegiance to Spain. The inscriptions of "Viva la Independencia Filipina" can also be

referred as term for the cry. This was literally accompanied by patriotic shouts.

According to Jane Mendoza one of the authors of a document name “The cry of

Pugad Lawin” states that the controversies in differing accounts by participants and

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historians have served to confuse the reader regarding the factual date and place of the

event. An officer of the Spanish guardia civil, Lt. Olegario Diaz, stated that the "Cry"

took place in Balintawak on August 25, 1896. Teodoro Kalaw in his 1925 book The

Filipino Revolution, wrote that the event took place during the last week of August 1896

at Kangkong, Balintawak. Santiago Alvarez, the son of Mariano Alvarez, the leader of

the Magdiwang faction in Cavite, stated in 1927 that the "Cry" took place in Bahay Toro,

now in Quezon City on August 24, 1896. Pio Valenzuela, a close associate of Andrés

Bonifacio declared in 1948 that it happened in Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896.

Gregorio Zaide stated in his books in 1954 that the "Cry" happened in Balintawak on

August 26, 1896. Fellow historian Teodoro Agoncillo reported in 1956 that it took place

in Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896, echoing Pio Valenzuela's statement. Accounts by

Milagros Guerrero, Emmanuel Encarnacion and Ramon Villegas claim the event to

have taken place in Tandang Sora's barn in Gulod, Barangay Banlat, Quezon City. The

National Historical Institute of the Philippines has placed a commemorative plaque

marking the location of the "Cry" in Pugad Lawin, Quezon City. The plaque bears the

date August 23, 1893

According to a case study uploaded by Veronica Fabia Molina that due of

competing accounts and ambiguity of the place where this event took place, the exact

date and place of the Cry is in contention. From 1908 until 1963, the official stance was

that the cry occurred on August 26 in Balintawak. In 1963 the Philippine government

declared a shift to August 23 in Pugad Lawin, Quezon City. On August 23, 1896,

Andrés Bonifacio and his comrades from the Katipunan society tore their cédulas in the

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hills of Balintawak. This event is regarded as the starting signal of the Philippine

Revolution.

Significance of the Study

The outcomes of this study would greatly benefit the following:

 School. This case study would benefit the school to have an existing study on

the research topic, they would be able to understand some of the information

about the Cry of Rebellion.

 Teacher. This study will help them to give some important information to their

students, molding the minds and shaping the information we gathered. The

information gathered will be a concrete evidence of where did the Cry of

Rebellion Happen? “Different dates and Place of the Cry”.

 Students. This study is significant to the students to know, where did the Cry of

Rebellion Happen? “Different dates and Place of the Cry”.

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II. BODY

Background of the Research

According to a case study “where did the Cry of Pugad Rebellion Happened?”

uploaded by Veronica Fabia Molina on the internet that if the expression has taken

literally –the Cry as the shouting of nationalistic slogans in mass assemblies –then there

were scores of such Cries. Some writers refer to a Cry of Montalban in April 1895, in the

Pamitinan Caves, where a group of Katipunan members wrote on the cave walls, "Viva

la indepencia Filipina!" long before the Katipunan decided to launch a nationwide

revolution. The Historian Teodoro Agoncillo chose to emphasize Bonifacio's tearing of

the cedula (tax receipt) before a crowd of Katipuneros, who then broke out in cheers.

However, Guardia Civil Manuel Sityar never mentioned the cedula's tearing or

inspection in his memoirs (1896-1898). Still, he did note the pacto de Sangre (blood

pact) mark on who he met in August 1896 on Balintawak's reconnaissance missions.

The case study also wrote that some writers consider the first military

engagement with the enemy as the defining moment of the Cry. To commemorate this

martial event upon his return from exile in Hong Kong, Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned

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an "Himno de Balintawak" to herald renewed fighting after the failed peace of the pact of

Biak na Bato. It is not clear why the 1911 monument has erected there. It could not

have been to mark Apolonio Samson's house in barrio Kangkong; Katipuneros

observed that site on Kaingin Road, between Balintawak and San Francisco del Monte

Avenue. Neither could the 1911 monument have been erected to mark the site of the

first armed encounter, which, incidentally, the Katipuneros fought and won. A

contemporary map of 1896 shows that the August battle between the Katipunan rebels

and the Spanish forces led by Lt. Ros of the Civil Guards took place at sitio Banlat,

North of Pasong Tamo Road, far from Balintawak. The site has its marker.

According to the case study uploaded by Veronica Fabia Molina that it is quite

clear that first, eyewitnesses cited Balintawak as the better-known reference point for a

larger area. Second, while Katipunan may have been massing in Kangkong, the

revolution has formally launched elsewhere. Moreover, eyewitnesses and, therefore,

historians disagreed on the site and date of the Cry. But the issue did not rest there. In

1970, the Historian Pedro A. Gagelonia pointed out: The controversy among historians

continues to the present day. The "Cry of Pugad Lawin" cannot be accepted as

historically accurate. It lacks positive documentation and supporting evidence from the

witness. The testimony of only one eyewitness (Dr. Pio Valenzuela) is not enough to

authenticate and verify a controversial issue in history. Historians and their living

participants, not politicians and their sycophants, should settle this controversy.

According to Wild Rift the one who uploaded the document Cry of Balintawak or

Pugadlawin Introduction that the “First Cry of Revolution” became the movement of

the Filipinos to fight back on the tyrannical rule of the Spanish regime; it is also called

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 as the “First Cry”, the revolution of independence. In this scenario the Filipinos tore

their cedulas (tax receipt) and proclaimed the start to fight for independence-the main

goal. The news of the existence of Katipunan spread throughout Manila and so,

Andres Bonifacio, the Supreme leader of the Katipunan organized a meeting outside

the city particular in Balintawak to talk about their next movement for the revolution

against Spaniards. According to him, the start of the revolution will begin at the end of

month of August.

Wild Rift’s document also stated that Dr. Pio Valenzuela has been authorized

the ‘’Cry of Pugad Lawin, who happened to eyewitness the event. He was also an

official of the Katipunan and a friend of Andres Bonifacio. There were two versions

presented by him. In his first version, he told that the prime staging point of the Cry

was in Balintawak on Wednesday of August 26, 1896. He held this account when the

happenings or events are still vivid in his memory. On the other hand, later in his life

and with a fading memory, he wrote his Memoirs of the Revolution without consulting

the written documents of the Philippine revolution and claimed that the ‘’Cry’’ took

place at Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896.

According Wild Rift’s document, another version of the “Cry’’ was written by

Santiago Alvarez, a well-known Katipunero from Cavite and a son of Mariano Alvarez.

Santiago is a relative of Gregoria de Jesus, who happened to be the wife of Andres

Bonifacio. Unlike the author of the first version mentioned (Valenzuela), Santiago

Alvarez is not an eyewitness of this event. As a result, this version of him is not given of

equal value as compared with the other versions for authors of other accounts are

actually part of the historic event

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 In 1932, Guillermo Masangkay, a friend and fellow Katipunero of Andres

Bonifacio, recounted his experiences as a member of the revolutionary movement. In

an interview with the Sunday Tribune magazine, Masangkay said that the First Cry

happened in Balintawak on August 26, 1896. In the first decade of American rule, it

was his account that was used by the government and civic officials to fix date and

place of the First Cry which was capped with the erection of the ‘’Monument to the

Heroes of 1896’’ in that place. However, in an interview published in the newspaper

Bagong Buhayon August 26, 1957, Masangkay changed his narrative stating that the

revolution began on August 23, 1896, similar to the assertion of Dr. Pio Valenzuela.

But Masangkay’s date was later changed again when his granddaughter, Soledad

Buehler- Borromeo, cited sources, including the Masangkay papers, that the original

date was August 26.

According Wild Rift’s document, another version was written by no other than

the “Lakambini of the Katipunan” and wife Andres Bonifacio, Gregoria de Jesus. She

has been a participant of this event and became the keeper of the secret documents

of the Katipunan. After the revolution in August 1896, she lived with her parents in

Caloocan then fled to Manila when she was told that the Spanish authorities wanted

to arrest her. Eventually, she joined her husband in the mountains and shared

adversities with him. In her account, the First “Cry” happened near Caloocan on

August 25, 1896.

According to Britannica.com that Philippine Revolution, (1896–98), Filipino

independence struggle that, after more than 300 years of Spanish colonial rule,

exposed the weakness of Spanish administration but failed to evict Spaniards from

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the islands. The Spanish-American War brought Spain’s rule in the Philippines to a

close in 1898 but precipitated the Philippine-American War, a bloody war between

Filipino revolutionaries and the U.S. Army.

Presentation of Data

This study aims to understand the cry of rebellion in the Philippines, where did

the cry happens, when did the cry happens, who lead the cry and lastly did the

katipuneros succeed using arm revolution to fight our freedom against the Spaniards.

Using different data from the internet we gather and collect of that information to come

up with a specific answer. Using the eyewitness accounts of the different eyewitnesses

we compare and contrast their accounts to have an understanding on the exact date

and time of the cry. In this study we referred cry as the katipuneros shouted “Mabuhay

ang katipunan, Mabuhay ang Pilipinas” while tearing their cedulas. This study aims to

spread the truth using the right resource and evidences that will be presented.

By understanding the different perspective of the eyewitness accounts the reader

will realize that it is not easy to study history, it needs a lot of proofs and evidences to

prove history itself. It will make them realize too whether the story is fake or not. This

study aims to make the readers realized that before believing a story you have to prove

it first. This study also aims to strengthen the discipline within ourselves when it comes

to history. We have to know the different information about the cry because somewhat

in the near future some of the historian will find sources and evidences on that particular

event and knowing the different facts of the cry, we connect those evidence to come up

new interpretation of the past and become an historical event.

Arguments

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 The purpose of this study is to understand the facts about the cry of rebellion.

Knowing the facts about this event will get us to clarification of misconception about this

event. We must know the fact using the right evidences and not by gossip. Another

purpose of this study is to know our identity us a Filipino. As a Filipino we have to

understand the facts about what happen in our history specifically the cry of rebellion,

the initiative in fighting the independence of the Philippines during Spanish regime.

Evidences

The Account of Dr. Pio Valenzuela

According Wild Rift’s document the first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio,

Emilio Jacinto, Procopio Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del Rosario, and myself was

Balintawak, the first five arriving there on August 19, and I, on August 20, 1896. The first

place where some 500 members of the Katipunan met on August 22, 1896 was the

house and yard of Apolonio Samson at Kangkong. Aside from the persons mentioned

above, among those who were there were BriccioPantas, Alejandro Santiago, Ramon

Bernardo, Apolonio Samson, and others. Here, views were only exchanged and no

resolution was debated or adopted. It was at PugadLawin, in the house, store- house

and yard of Juan Ramos, son of Melchora Aquino, where over 1,000 members of the

Katipunan met and carried out considerable debate and discussion on August 29, 1896.

Only one man protested and fought against a war and that was Teodoro Plata. Besides

the persons named above, among those present at this meeting were Enrique Cipriano,

Alfonso Pacheco, Tomas Remigio, Sinforoso San Pedro, and others. After the

tumultuous meeting many of those present tore their cedula certificates and shouted “

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Long live the Philippines! Long live the Philippines!’ Source: Wild Rift the one who

uploaded the document Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlawin Introduction in pdfcoffee.com.

The Account of Santiago Alvarez

We started our trek to Kangkong at about eleven that night. We walked through

the rain over dark expanses of muddy meadows and fields. Our clothes drenched and

our bodies numbed by the cold wind, we plodded wordlessly. It was nearly two in the

morning when we reached the house of Brother Apolonio Samson in Kangkong. We

crowded into the house to rest and warm ourselves. We were so tired that, after

hanging our clothes out to dry, we soon asleep…

The Supremo began assigning guards at five o’ clock the following morning,

Saturday 22 August 1896. He placed a detachment at the Balintawak boundary and

another at the backyard to the north of the house where we were gathered…No less

than three hundred men assembled at the bidding of the Supremo Andres Bonifacio.

Altogether, they carried assorted weapons, bolos, spears, daggers, a dozen small

revolvers and a rifle used by its owner, one Lieutenant Manuel, for hunting birds. The

Supremo Bonifacio was restless because of fear of a sudden attack by the enemy. He

was worried over the thought that any of the couriers carrying the letter sent by Emilio

Jacinto could have been intercepted; and in that eventuality, the enemy would surely

know their whereabouts and attack them on the sly. He decided that it was better to

move to a site called Bahay Toro At ten o’ clock that Sunday morning, 23 August

1896, we arrived at Bahay Toro. Our number had grown to more than 500 and the

house, yard, and warehouse of Cabesang Melchora was crowded with us

Katipuneros. The generous hospitality of Cabesang Melchora was no less than that of

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Apolonio Samson. Like him, she also opened her granary and he had plenty of rice

pounded and animals slaughtered to feed us.

The following day, Monday, 24 August, more Katipuneros came and increased

our number to more than a thousand. The Supremo called a meeting at ten o ‘ clock

that morning inside CabesangMelchora’s barn. Flanking him on both sides at the head

of the table were Dr. Pio Valenzuela, Emilio Jacinto, BriccioPantas, Enrique Pacheco,

Ramon Bernardo, Pantaleon Torres, Francesco Carreon, Vicente Fernandez, Teodoro

Plata, and others. We were so crowded that some stood outside the barn

The following matters were approved at the meeting:

1. An uprising to defend the people’s freedom was to be started at midnight

of Saturday, 29 August 1896….

2. To be on a state of alert so that the Katipunan forces could strike should

the situation arise where the enemy was at a disadvantage. Thus, the uprising

could be started earlier than the agreed time of midnight 29 August 1896 should

a favorable opportunity arise at that date. Everyone should steel himself and be

resolute in the struggle that was imminent.

3. The immediate objective was the capture of Manila….

After the adjournment of the meeting at twelve noon, there were tumultuous shouts of

‘’ Long live the Sons of the People!’’ Source: Wild Rift the one who uploaded the

document Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlawin Introduction in pdfcoffee.com.

The Account of Guillermo Masangkay

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 On August 26, a big meeting was held in Balintawak, at the house of Apolonio

Samson, then the cabeza of that barrio of Caloocan. Among those who attended, I

remember, were Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Aguedo del Rosario, Tomas Remigio,

BriccioPantas, Teodoro Plata, Pio Valenzuela, Enrique Pacheco, and Francesco

Carreon. They were all leaders of the Katipunan and composed the board of directors

of the organization. Delegates from Bulacan, Cabanatuan, Cavite, and Morong (now

Rizal) were also present.

At about nine o’ clock in the morning of August 26, the meeting was opened

with Andres Bonifacio presiding and Emilio Jacinto acting as secretary. The purpose

was to discuss when the uprising was to take place. Teodoro Plata, Briccio Pantas,

and Pio Valenzuela were all opposed to starting the revolution too early. They

reasoned that the people would be in distress if the revolution were started without

adequate preparation. Plata was very forceful in his argument, stating that the

uprising could not very well be started without arms and food for the soldiers.

Valenzuela used Rizal’s argument about the rich not siding with the Katipunan

organization.

Andres Bonifacio, sensing that he would lose in the discussion then left the

session hall and talked to the people who were waiting outside for the result of the

meeting of the leaders. He told the people that the leaders were arguing against

starting the revolution early, and appealed to them in a fiery speech in which he said:

‘’ You remember the fate of our countrymen who were shot in Bagumbayan. Should

we return now to the towns, the Spaniards will only shoot us. Our organization has

been discovered and we are all marked men. If we don’t start the uprising, the

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Spaniards will get us anyway. What then, do you say? “Revolt,’’ the people shouted

as one.

Bonifacio then asked the people to give a pledge that they were to revolt. He

told that the sign of slavery of the Filipinos were (sic) the cedula tax charged each

citizen. ‘’ If it is true that you are ready to revolt, ‘’ Bonifacio said, ‘’I want to see you

destroyed your cedulas. It will be the sign that all of us have declared our severance

from the Spaniards.’’ With tears in their eyes, the people, as one man, pulled out their

cedulas and tore them to pieces. It was the beginning of the formal declaration of the

separation from Spanish rule….

When the people’s pledge was obtained by Bonifacio, he returned to the session hall

and informed the leaders of what took place outside. ‘’ The people want to revolt, and

they destroyed their cedulas, ‘’ Bonifacio said, ‘’ So now we have to start the uprising,

otherwise the people by hundreds will be shot.” There was no alternative. The board of

directors, in spite of the protest of Plata, Pantas, Valenzuela, voted for the revolution.

And when this was decided, the people outside shouted, “Long live the Philippine

Republic.” Source: Wild Rift the one who uploaded the document Cry of Balintawak or

Pugadlawin Introduction in pdfcoffee.com.

The Account of Gregoria de Jesus

“The activities of the Katipunan had reached nearly all corners of the Philippine

Archipelago, so that when its existence was discovered and some of the members

arrested, we immediately returned to Caloocan. However, as we were closely

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 watched by the agents of the Spanish authorities, Andres Bonifacio and other

Katipuneros left the town after some days. It was then that the uprising began, with

the first cry for freedom on August 25, 1896. Meanwhile, I was with my parents.

Through my friends, I learned that Spanish were coming to arrest me. Immediately, I

fled town at eleven o’ clock at night, secretly going through the rice fields to La Lorna,

with the intention of returning to Manila. I was treated like an apparition, for, sad to

say, in every house where I tried to get a little rest, I was driven away as if people

therein were frightened for their own lives. Later, I found out that the occupants of the

houses which I had visited were seized and severely punished – and some even

exiled. One of them was an uncle of mine whom I had visited on that night to kiss his

hands, and he died in exile.’’ Source: Wild Rift the one who uploaded the document

Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlawin Introduction in pdfcoffee.com.

Valuable and concise information

This study emphasizes the different dates and places of the cry of rebellion.

There is really a conflict when it comes to the date and time of the cry because of the

different information that the eyewitnesses provided. But knowing them all is worth

acquiring because they are primary sources of the event. Acquisition of those

knowledge is in fact valuable for it might possible that in the near future evidence from

the past might show up. Having those knowledge will come up with a better

interpretation of the past.

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III. CONCLUSION

Recommendation

This study recommend to follow the National Historical Institute of the Philippines

standard when it comes to the date and place of the cry of rebellion. As far as this study

concern, they are the one who have a deep understanding about the cry of rebellion it is

because they have the accounts and evidences about that particular event and such

institution has the capability in having the best analysis of the event.

We the researcher of this case study Where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen?

“Different dates and Place of the Cry” recommend to conduct further study on how the

Cry of Rebellion helpful for our new generation or in other term for this millennial

generation.

Concluding statement

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 This study was all about Where did the Cry of Rebellion Happen. The first cry

of rebellion was on August 1896 is one of the most important events in the history.

Where did the Filipinos declared rebellion against the Spanish colonial authorities?

The cry of rebellion happened in August 1896 at the northeast of Manila and there

were a lot of day on when did it really happened and the present dates were between.

August 23 to 26. Using the primary and secondary sources it happened in the four

places: Balintawak, Kangkong, Pugad-Lawin, and Bahay Toro while the dates differ in

23,24,25 and 26th of August 1986. Base in primary source: According to Pio

Valenzuela the cry of rebellion happened on Wednesday, 26th of August in

Balintawak but he also said in his work “Memoirs of the Revolution” it happened at

Pugad-Lawin on 23rd of August. According to Guillermo Masangkay “The Cry”

happened at Balintawak on August 26, 1896 the meeting was held at the house of

Apolinio Samson in Balintawak. The cry of rebellion led by Emilio Aguinaldo and the

members of katipuneros led by Andres Bonifacio. This happening become the

foundation of the Filipinos to become one to fight against the Spanish Government to

fight for the freedom of the Filipinos. We can’t enjoy the freedom that we have right

now without the cry of rebellion.

Another findings of the study is that by referring the cry as the katipuneros

shouted “Mabuhay ang katipunan, Mabuhay ang Pilipinas” while tearing their cedulas,

eyewitness accounts and historian has a different dates on the cry but it is clear that the

majority of those information is echoing to Pio Valenzuela’s statement, one of that is the

historian Teodoro Agoncillo, who reported that it took place in Pugad Lawin on August

23, 1896. Another that support this claim is the interview published in the newspaper

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Bagong Buhayon August 26, 1957, Masangkay changed his narrative stating that the

revolution began on August 23, 1896. Enough information that the Philippine

government declared a shift on the date and place of the cry to August 23 in Pugad

Lawin, Quezon City. The tearing up of cedula didn’t gained success in fighting the

freedom against colonialism of the Spaniards. It is just a remark that the revolutionary

army of the Philippines are ready to fight against the Spanish sovereignty. In fact the

one who defeated the Spaniards are the Americans, the revolutionary army of the

Philippines continue their fight for freedom against Americans which ultimately led to

Philippine Independence in 1898. So by tearing up the cedula in August 23,1896, which

is a remark of the Cry of the Rebellion and led to Philippine Independence in 1898. So

by that the National Historical Institute of the Philippines has placed a commemorative

plaque marking the location of the "Cry" in Pugad Lawin, Quezon City, The plaque

bears the date August 23, 1896.

References

 Candelaria,et’al. 2018. First Edition. Readings in Philippine History. Rex

Bookstore.

 Torres Jose Victor. 2018. BATIS: Sources in the Philippine History. C & E

Publishing, Inc.

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 Zaide, Gregorio and Sonia Zaide. 1990. Documentary Sources of Philippine

History. Vol. 5. Manila: National Book Store

 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Philippine-American

War". Encyclopedia Britannica, 23 Aug. 2021,

https://www.britannica.com/event/Philippine-American-War. Accessed 21

October 2021.

 Sichrovsky, Harry. "An Austrian Life for the Philippines:The Cry of Balintawak".

Retrieved August 29, 2009.

 Borromeo-Buehler, Soledad M. (1998), The cry of Balintawak: a contrived

controversy : a textual analysis with appended documents, Ateneo de Manila

University Press.

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