Senior High School

Lesson 2:
Representative Texts and Authors
from the Regions in Visayas
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1—Module 5, Lesson 2: Representative Texts and Authors from the Regions
in Visayas
First Edition, 2020

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not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Danna Lee I. Teleron and Vershyl A. Mendoza

Editor: Dr. Elmalou L. Orandoy
Reviewers: Dr. Clavel D. Salinas
Mrs. Marivic M. Yballe (Moderator)
Illustrators: Danna Lee I. Teleron and Vershyl A. Mendoza
Layout Artists: Danna Lee I. Teleron and Vershyl A. Mendoza
Management Team:
Dr. Marilyn S. Andales Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Leah B. Apao Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Ester A. Futalan Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Cartesa M. Perico Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Mary Ann P. Flores CID Chief
Mr. Isaiash T. Wagas Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS
Dr. Clavel D. Salinas PSDS/SHS Division Coordinator

Printed in the Philippines by:

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Office Address: IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City
Telefax: (032) 255-6405
E-mail Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph
 Senior High School

Lesson 2:
Representative Texts and Authors
from the Regions in Visayas
 Key Message

For the Facilitators:

Learning is a constant process. Amidst inevitable circumstances, Department of Edu-

cation extends their resources and looks for varied ways to cater your needs and to adapt to
the new system of Education as a fortress of Learning Continuity Plan. One of the probable
solutions is the use of Teacher-made Educational Modules in teaching.

You are reading the 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World:
First Quarter Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “identifying representative
texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral history research with focus on key
personalities from the students’ region/province/town) (EN12Lit-Ib-22)” as written and
found in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.

The creation of this module is a combined effort of competent educators from differ-
ent levels and various schools of Department of Education-Cebu Province. This module is
meticulously planned, organized, checked and verified by knowledgeable educators to assist
you in imparting the lessons to the learners while considering the physical, social and eco-
nomical restraints in teaching process.

The use of Teacher-Made Educational Module aims to overcome the challenges of

teaching in a new normal education set-up. Through this, the students are given independent
learning activities based on the Most Essential Learning Competencies which are anchored
in the K-12 Curriculum Competencies, to work on them in accordance with their capability,
efficiency and time. Thus, this is helping the learners acquire the prerequisite 21 st Century
skills needed by considering the holistic well-being of the learners.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher!

This part of the module gives you helpful tips,

suggestions or strategies that will make the
learning process easy and efficient to the
learners.

It is your top priority to explain clearly to the learners on how to use this module as
the main source of learning. You are to assess learners' progress and development which
should be recorded verbatim to evaluate their strengths and weaknesses while they are inde-
pendently doing the activities presented in the safety of their homes. In addition, you are
anticipated to encourage learners to comply and to finish the modules on or before the
scheduled time.

iv
For the Learners:

Because you are a significant stakeholder of learning, the Department of Education

researched and explored on innovative ways to address your needs with high consideration
on social, economic, physical and emotional aspects of your well-being. To continue the
learning process, DepEd comes up with an Alternative Delivery mode of teaching using
Teacher-Made Educational Modules.

You are reading the 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World:
First Quarter Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “identifying representative
texts and authors from each region (e.g. engage in oral history research with focus on key
personalities from the students’ region/province/town) (EN12Lit-Ib-22)” as written and
found in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.

This module is especially crafted for you to grasp the opportunity to continue learning
even at home. Using guided and independent learning activities, rest assured, you will be
able to take pleasure as well as to deeply understand the contents of the lesson presented;
you will recognize your own capacity and capability in acquiring knowledge.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

The first part of the module presents the Com-

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW petencies, Objectives and Skills expected to be
developed and mastered.

WHAT I KNOW This part aims to check the prior knowledge on

the lesson to be taken.

WHAT’S IN This part helps in linking the previous lesson to

the current one through a short exercise/drill.

The lesson to be partaken is introduced in this

WHAT’S NEW part of the module creatively. It may be
through a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity, a situation or the like.

A brief discussion of the lesson can be read in

WHAT IS IT this part. It guides and helps you unlock the
lesson presented.

A comprehensive activity/ies for independent

practice is in this part to solidify your
WHAT’S MORE knowledge and skills of the given topic.

v
 This part of the module is used to process the
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
learning and understanding on the given topic.

A transfer of newly acquired knowledge and

WHAT I CAN DO skills to a real life situation is present in this
part of the module.

ASSESSMENT This activity assesses the level of mastery to-

wards the topic.

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES In this section, enhancement activities will be

given to further grasp the lessons.

ANSWER KEYS This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References Printed in this part is a list of all reliable and valid resources
used in crafting and designing this module.

In using this module, keep note of the fundamental reminders below.

1. The module is government owned. Handle it with care. Unnecessary marks

are prohibited. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering all the given ex-
ercises.
2. This module is organized according to the level of understanding. Skipping
one part of this module may lead you to confusion and misinterpretation.
3. The instructions are carefully laden for you to understand the given lessons.
Read each items cautiously.
4. This is a Home-Based class, your reliability and honor in doing the tasks
and checking your answers are a must.
5. This module helps you attain and learn lessons at home. Make sure to clear-
ly comprehend the first activity before proceeding to the next one.
6. This module should be returned in good condition to your teacher/facilitator
once you completed it.
7. Answers should be written on a separate sheet of paper or notebook espe-
cially prepared for this subject.

vi
 If you wish to talk to your teacher/educator, do not hesitate to keep in touch with him/
her for further discussion. Know that even if this is a home-based class, your teacher is only
a call away. Good communication between the teacher and the student is our priority to
flourish your understanding on the given lessons.

We do hope that in using this material, you will gain ample knowledge and skills for
you to be fully equipped and ready to answer the demands of the globally competitive
world. We are confident in you! Keep soaring high!

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Good day dear learner!

This course aims to engage students in appreciation and critical study of 21st Century
Literature from the Philippines and the World encompassing their various dimensions,
genres, elements, structures, contexts, and traditions. It is a study and appreciation of the
literature of the region where the school is located in relation to the literature of the other
regions of the country.

This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted in
your grade level. The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit your level
of understanding. Indeed, this learning resource is for you to fully comprehend the Repre-
sentative Texts and Authors from Different Regions. You are going to go through this
module following its proper sequence. Although you are going to do it independently, this is
a guided lesson and instructions/directions are provided for your convenience.

Using this learning resource, you are ought to identify representative texts and authors
from each region (e.g. engage in oral history research with focus on key personalities from
the students’ region/province/town) (EN12Lit-Ib-22) as inculcated in the K-12 Most Essen-
tial Learning Competencies.

Using separate modules, this competency is divided into two lessons, as follows:

Lesson 1: Representative Texts and Authors from Luzon and Mindanao Regions
Lesson 2: Representative texts and authors from Visayas regions

At the end of this module, you are expected to achieve the following objectives:

 Recognize the different regions and provinces of the Philippines and

their representative authors
 Examine different literary pieces from the Visayas regions
 Compare and contrast literary texts according to the elements used
 Present possible solutions to resolve the character’s predicament

1
 WHAT I KNOW
They say It is More Fun in the Philippines! Below
are 10 different places in the Visayas. Try to match
TAG THAT PLACE these to their taglines.

1. Cebu a. Queen City of the Orient Seas

2. Leyte b. Queen City of the South
3. Iloilo c. Heritage City of Cebu
4. Siquijor d. Land of Gentle People
5. Negros Occidental e. City of Smiles
6. Carcar City f. City of Peace and Friendship
7. Bacolod City g. Sugar Bowl of the Philippines
8. Tacloban City h. Mystic Island
9. Tagbilaran City i. Land of History
10.Dumaguete City j. City of Love

WHAT’S IN How many languages can you speak? This activity will
check how good you are in translating the following
greetings/expressions in your native tongue. Have fun in
LINGO MASTER
translating them!

Bicolano Ilocano Hiligaynon Waray-waray Bisaya

Marhay na aga Naimbag a bigat Maayo nga aga Maupay nga aga

Guina higugma ko
Namomotan ta ka Ayayatenka Pina-ura ta ikaw
ikaw

Daing ano man Awan ania man Wala sang anuman Waray ano man

Malipayon nga
Masadya gid nga
Maogmang Naragsak nga pa- pagsalin-urog sa
adlaw sa imo
pagkamundag nagkasangay imo adlaw nga
pagkatawo
natawhan

Paayad ka gid Pagpaupay

Magparahay ka na Agpalaingkan
dayon

2
 WHAT’S NEW
Decode the hidden message in each item by listing
BLACKOUT BINGO down the corresponding word/s found in the Bingo
board. Write you answers in the box.

B I N G O
gitipig- maghanoy-
1 tipigan 17 is 33 man 46 hanoy 62 maong

3 ko 19 dughan 34 na 47 Gitika 63 witch

4 midaog
20 unya 35 gera 49 disgrasyada 64 bay

6 old 22 akong 36 pagtukaw, 51 ang 67 :

7 usab 23 — 38 in 52 paabota 68 nay

8 Leyte.
24 Apan
39 tinuod
53 southern
70 ulipon

9 pamato
25 kining
40 estorya, 56 nga
71 lang

12 imong
26 Awok
42 mga 57 duna
73 little

14 sa 28 gabii 43 ? 59 Ayaw 74 bolsa

helpless-
15 woman 29 Mao 44 looking 60 dula 75 kinsa

1. I-24 G-57 O-64 B-4 B-14 N-35 N-43

2. O-70 N-34 B-7 B-14 O-62 G-60

3. B-1 B-14 I-22 O-74 I-23 G-51 I-22 B-9

4. I-29 O-68 N-40 G-46

5. I-26 I-17 O-63 N-38 G-53 N-8

6. N-44 O-73 B-6 B-15

7. G-47 I-25 I-22 I-19

8. G-51 N-42 I-28 B-14 B-12 N-36

9. O-75 N-33 I-20 G-51 N-39 G-56 N-49 O-67

10. G-59 N-34 O-71 B-3 G-52

3
 WHAT IS IT
Read the sample selections from the regions in the
BASA AGIG LAKBAY Visayas and do the activities that follow.

SELECTION 1

Bingo
Sugilanon ni Edgar S. Godin

BINGO!

Sigeng gipakagay ni Lailah nga mas ilado pa sa angga niyang ‘Balat’ ang mga bolilyo sa setentay
singko ka numero sa Bingo nga nanagsingkiay ug nanagtinabuylog sa ilawom sa bolahan agig sang-
yaw sa pagsugod na usab sa naandan nilang lingaw-lingaw. Lingaw-lingaw lang alang kanila ang du-
lang Bingo ug walay nakaamgo nga sama silag ming-apil sa gera.

Giuyog ug giuyog ni Balat ang bolahan aron mokusog pa gayod ang namugnang kasikas niini kansang
kaalingisig nga misibaw sa nagkagidlay nilang dapit daw matahom nga huni nga kusganong nagdapit
sa nakadungog.

Si Loling nga nanghugas sa ilang kinan-an sa paniudto mikiros gilayon, biniyaan ang buhat sa banggi-
ra, pagkadungog sa kinagilkil sa mga bolilyo — ingog nalisang pag-ayo nga dili makatambong sa pag-
sugod sa kada palis nilang sesyon. Ug sama kang Loling, ang ubang mga silingan nga ulipon na usab
sa maong dula nanagkarakara paghugop sa sonata ni Balat. Nanag-iyahay silag pahiluna sa lingkoran-
an samtang nagpahimutang usab sa napili nilang karton o baraha. Diha na si Linda Pandak, si Ingkong
Budlat, si Miguela Pahungaw, si Ronnie Pahac, si Tinoy Bungol, si Lyn Butod ug si Saria Bakang.

"Hoy, Aldo, tawga si Gracia Tigasin ug si Chona Maanghit," mando ni Balat sa singko anyos niyang
anak. "Ingna nga magsugod na!"

Gilunggong na usab ni Balat ang mga bolilyo samtang naghinay-hinayg pangobra sa mga pusta.
Gisanasana niya ang tanang mga karton nga gipustahan sa mga magduduwa. Wala madugay, nahiabot
si Chona nga nagsinaplid sa iyang masusong anak samtang ang duha pa nga maantigo nang molakaw,
nanagsunod kaniya.

"Nganong nadugay ka man, Chona?" nangutana si Saria Bakang. "Ay, da! Naglung-ag kong daan, uy!
Engkasog maglami ta ron— maabtan tag gabii, aw, may kan-on na. Sud-an na lay pangitaon," tubag
usab sa angkan nga naghikyad sa iyang baraha.

"Sige, bola na," mipahibalo si Balat.

Giyugyog gilayon sa mibola ang sudlanan-bolahan ug dayon: "Sa letrang ‘N’— sipag buto, kuwatro
nga may singko— numero kuwarentay singko..."
Isigduko ang mga magduduwa sa ilang mga karton. Mahinamon nilang gitiman-an ang numerong
migula pinaagi sa pagbutang og bato. Samtang nalingaw ang mga dagko nga miapil sa Bingo, ang
gagmayng mga bata usab naninguha sag duwag ila. Nagyagaw ang tibuok palibot. Dihay mga batang
nanggiaway, may mingaab paghilak ug ang uban nangatawa. Ang ilang kabanha miilog sa kinagulkol
sa mga bolilyo nga padayong gibola.
"Sa letrang ‘B’— Valentine’s Day, numero katorse," milanog na usab ang tingog sa bolador. "Hinay-
hinay lang, daghan ring akong karton," mireklamo si Lyn Butod. "Naa pa, o, katorse," mitudlo si

4
Ingkong Budlat. "Sige, bola na..." mituaw si Loling.

Gilunggong sa bolador ang bolahan. Human makakuot og usa ka bolilyo, "Sa letrang ‘O’," matod ni-
ini, "numero saysentay singko." "Unsa to? Kusga pod na pagbasa," mingulob si Tinoy Bungol. Giotro
pagbasa sa bolador apan pinasinggit na. Ug nangatawa ang tanan gawas kang Tinoy. "Kamo kunoy
mabungol, lalim ba!" misikmat ang hamtong. Ug nanghugyaw na usab pagpangatawa ang uban.

Ning tungora, si Nestly, anak ni Balat nga magduha pa ka tuig, miparayeg sa inahan. Mibaiid kini.
Naghingihingi. "Ayawg samok!" Gisingkahan ni Balat ang bata. Apan inay mopatuo, mingaab hinuon
kini. "Langasa ana, uy!" Dihay mibadlong.

"Oo, pagpalit ngadto sa tindahan," gitunolan ni Balat ang iyang anak og tibuok peso. Gidawat sa bata
ang kuwarta apan nagpadayon pa kini paghilak. "Hilom na!" Mipiti ang sampot sa bata nga gihapak ni
Balat sa iyang pa’d. "Lakaw, pagpalit na ngadto!"
Makamao nang mopalit si Nestly sa tindahan sa duol bisan lugsanay pa kining makalitok. Apan wala
kini molakaw aron pagpalit. Gikumkom lamang sa bulingit niining kamot ang pesong gihatag sa
inahan. Sa nalingaw na ang bata, miduol kini sa ubang mga batang nanagdula ug iya kining gipakitaan
sa gigunitan niyang kuwarta.

"Sa letrang ‘G’— si Ghodong Bombay, ang hari sa payb siks," padayon sa nagbola.

"Uy, pilay kuwarta aning Ronie?" Nakurat ang tanan sa singkang pangutana sa nahibuthong si Nang
Ondang. "Tibuok gatos may da’ ana," tug-an usab ni Balat.

"Peste kang bataa, ka! Daan pa ko nga ikaw maoy nagkuha," dayong lunggob niini sa kuwartang diha
sa kamot sa batan-ong gianggaag pahak. "Hala, pauli kay adto tas ba’y magtiwas!" Gipugnit ni Nang
Ondang ang dunggan sa anak ug gibitad pauli sa ilaha.

Nagpadayon ang duwa. Unya takulahaw lang, may mituaw: "Unsa man nang nag-aso?"
Nakayanghag ang tanan. "Uy, Marino, susiha kuno," sugo ni Chona sa anak. "Morag sa atoa man na."
Midagan ang bata paingon sa ila.

"Sa letrang ‘B’— Hudas!" sa bolador na usab nga ang numero 13 maoy gipasabot.

"Hoy, Balat," ni Linda pa sa dakong tingog, "ang imong anak, minglurat ang mata!"

"Naunsa man na?" ni Balat pa.

"Gikaon man niya ang peso," tug-an sa usa ka bata. Mao usay pagdangadanga sa anak ni Chona nga
nagpaninggit: "Mama... ang atong balay nagsiga!"

Midagan si Chona pagkadungog sa gitaho sa anak samtang si Balat usab daling mitindog ug gipukpok
ang tangkugo sa anak nga nakatulon og peso.

"BINGO!" Misibaw ang tingog ni Gracia taliwala sa kaguliyang. Unya nanaguto si Miguela Pahungaw
dayong ingon: "Giatay! Dako na kog pilde, da!"

Apan duna bay midaog sa gera?

Source: Godin, E.S. “Bingo.” Kamalig ni Egay, December 13, 2008. http://kamalig-
egaytalipsai.blogspot. com/2008/12/bingo.html.

5
 LITERARY SHOP

Edgar S. Godin was born on February 28,1971 in Bogo, Cebu. He is an Associate

Editor, Bisaya magazine. He is an honorary member of Bathalad-Mindanao, a group of
Mindanao-based writers whose mother organization (Bathalad Inc.) is based in Cebu.
His shorty story “Ang Salamin, Ang Liso Ug Ang Kalibotan Ni Iyo Henyo” won 3rd Prize
in Bathalad- Mindanao Literary Awards.

Characters— are to whom the events in the story happen. They are the people in the sto-
ry that guide you through the plot and setting as you explore the theme and conflicts,
among other elements, in the story. Characters can be major or minor. A major charac-
ter is usually given much development, more conflicts to resolve, more background, and
usually more action; a minor character usually serves a certain purpose to move a plot,
but is not as developed and explored as major character.

Characterization— is the method by which a writer shows that kind of person each
character is. writers can characterize a person by means of direct description. More of-
ten, however, writers characterize a person by showing what he or she thinks and says
and does. Finally, a writer can characterize a person by showing how others feel about
him or her.

Were you satisfied with how the story “Bingo” ended? Were you
wondering what happened to the characters? If you were the author
AS YOU LIKE IT of the story, how are you going to end it? Briefly, write your own
ending of the story.

6
SELECTION 2

Pamato
Sugilanon ni Merlie Alunan

1
INGON ani ang pagduwag bikubiko.
Magkuha og lipak ug magbagis sa yuta. Ang bagis porma og balay nga may mga kuwarto. May gi-
kasabotang mga pamaagi ug mga agianan pasulod ug paguwa aning balaya. Aron mahibawog asa
moagi pasaka ug pakanaog, ilabay ang usa ka bato sulod sa bagis. Kon asa tugpa ang imong bato,
mao nay kuwarto nga una nimong adtoon.

Kinahanglang ang imong bato, hamis. Haom sa imong palad. Hustos gibug-aton. Kini aron iniglabay
unya nimo niini, dili kini molasik bisag asa, motugpa gyod sa imong tumong. Di sayon mangitag
bato nga tukma sa imong panginahanglan. Kon makakita kag sakto nga bato, ampingi gyod ni pag-
ayo. Mao na ni himoang pamato. Isulod sa imong bolsa, hikap-hikapa panagsa, hunghongig sineguro
aron makaambit kinig dagon ug motuo gyod sa imong mando.

2
ANG sakayanon maghupot sad sa iyang baruto og usa ka putol nga puthaw, o usahay usa ka bilog
nga bato. Way sapayan og unsay porma basta kini may igong gidak-on ug gibug-aton. Sa
pagdunggo, ihulog ang bato sa tubig aron ang sakayan dili danason sa sulog o sa balod. Aron
motulin ang sakayan, haw-asa ang bato dayon larga.

Apan labing tinuod, kining akong giasoy way kalabotan sa bikubiko o sa panakayan. Mao gyod nay
laktod sa estorya, magsugod sa baryo unya moabot sa langit.

3
ANG lungsod sa Dueñas giila sa Iloilo nga pinuy-anan ni Tenyente Gimo. Si Gimo maoy bantogang
ungo sa tibuok Kailonggohan. Sa Dueñas ko natawo ug didto sad ko magtubo. Mao ra nig moingon
ka, ikaw taga Sugbo nga taga Parian ka o taga Naga ba hinuon, nga gibantog sad nga lugar sa mga
gamhanan dinhi sa ato.

Didto sa Dueñas, ang among tawag sa lagas, “mal-am”. Si Mal-am Tikyo, si Mal-am Tonyang, ug
ako, sa akong pangedaron karon nga saysentahon, hayan tawgon na ko didto sa Dueñas nga Mal-am
Milay.

“Haay, masakit ya akon tuhod. Mal-am na gid.” (Sakit akong tuhod. Lagas na gyod.) Mao ni sinulti-
han nga Kinaray-a. Sinultihan sa amoa sa Dueñas. Binisaya ra man hinuon ni gihapon.

Si Mal-am Silay among silingan. Ang tawag namo niya Ma-am Silay, pinayungit. Dili siya ungo, uy,
apan dagway siyag ungo kon kaming mga bata ray pasultihon. Usahay silas Idik ug Botsoy managan
og makakita niya nga magpadulong.

Ang panit ni Mal-am Silay nanguyos, morag dahon sa tabako nga gibulad sa Adlaw. Iyang mga bu-
kog nangulbo sa iyang siko ug tuhod. Niwang kaayo siya ug tikuko na gyod kaayo, halos di na
makabarog, ug lugos na makatuyhad kon molakaw. Buta si Ma-am Silay.

Bisan pa niini, adlaw-adlaw, si Ma-am Silay manaog sa iyang balay ug magbaklay padulong sa
tubod aron maligo. Inagak siya sa iyang duha ka apo nga dalagahay. Mag-una si Daday, nga maoy
magbitbit sa hungot nga sinudlan sa sabon ug lugod ug sa kinagod nga lubi nga maoy iyang ihiso sa
iyang nangugis ug taas nga buhok. Magsunod si Talya, ang ikaduha niyang apo. Si Ma-am Silay
magkupot sa abaga ni Talya, ug silang duha mag-aginod ngadto sa tubod. Duol ra man sa ilang balay
ang atabay sa tubod. Apan tagtunga sa dangaw na lang ang lakang sa lagas nga buta, mao nga ang
duol morag lima ka kilometro ang kadugayon sa pagbaktas.

Kalagmitan, labyan mi nilang magduwag bikubiko sa daplin sa dalan. Gipaningot. Nanimahong

adlaw. Way ligo, siyempre.

7
Magbaga ang yuta sa kaudtohon sa among mga lapalapa kay wa man miy mga tsinelas. Bisan si Ma-
am Silay, magtiniil. Adtong panahona wa pay uso ang esmagol. Parehas namo, tungod sa labihang
kabaga sa kubal sa iyang lapalapa, wa ray bale ang dagaang sa yuta sa among pag-iniktin. Si Daday
ug si Talya magbakya. Madungog kaayo namo ang kagulkol sa kahoy kon mosantik sa bato sa ilang
paglakaw. Kaming tulo ka babaye, si Caring, Melinda ug ako, mohunong og iktin-iktin ug
magpadaplin, magnganga nga magatan-aw sa ilang hinay uyamot nga prosesyon.

Usahay mosunod ko ngadto sa atabay aron motan-aw sa mal-am nga maligo. Nahibawo ko nga
inadlaw ang tubig sa atabay gikan sa kainit sa yuta diin kini maggikan. Magtimba si Talya og tubig
ug buboan niya ang iyang apoy. Lugoran ni Daday ang iyang likod, sabonan ang nanguyos niyang
mga bukton, bitiis, tutoy. Ilang tabangan og bubho sa pinaugang lubi ug dinukdok nga dahon sa lem-
on ang iyang puti nga buhok.

Manaligdig ang tubig sa iyang nanguyos nga panit. Unya mohuros ang bugnawng hangin gikan sa
nag-alirong nga kakahoyan. Manglimbawot akong balhibo. Unsa pa kaha kadtong mal-am nga hubo?
Way tagad ang lagas kon kinsay naglibot ug nakakita sa iyang nahikyad nga kalawasan. Di parehas
kang Talya, ang patadyong maayong pagkabilikis sa iyang lawas samtang siya naligo. Siya ug si Da-
day.

Inigkahuman nilag waswas sa tigulang, sudlayon ni Talya ang iyang buhok para matangtang ang
nanghibilin nga sapal sa lubi. Magsinaw ang iyang buhok ug manimahong dinukdok nga dahon sa
lemon. Iya kining ipadunghay aron mauga sa hangin ug sa Adlaw. Ug maghinay-hinay na sad silag
baktas pauli.

4
SA Dueñas niadtong panahona, ang among kawsanan sa tubig ginganlag bayong. Usa ni ka putol
nga kawayan nga gitangtangag buko sa taliwa, usag tunga sa dupa ang gitas-on. Pun-on ni sa tubig
sa atabay ug pas-anon pauli, unya ihuwad sa tadyaw.

Magkawos og usa ka bayong, igo nang ikaligo sa mal-am. Di ba mas masayon buhaton?

Wa ni mosulod sa akong hunahuna kaniadtong walo pa lay akong edad ug igo lang magpalutok sa
akong mata inigsagadsad sa tiil ni Mal-am Silay sa bagis sa akong bikubiko. Wa sad ko kahunahuna
ani samtang nag-atang ko sa mal-am nga maligo. Kainit sa Adlaw, kabugnaw sa hangin, kanindot sa
tubig nga mipasinaw sa nanguyos na nga panit ni Mal-am Silay— mao ra ni akong nasabtan adtong
panahona.

Dili gugma. Kanang pulonga ihalas pa sa dila sa usa ka batang sip-onon.

5
USA ka adlaw ana, namutos mi sa among kabtangan, tanan, banig, unlan, kaldero ug kulon, lakip
mga plato ug luwag, ug ang among diyotay nga sinina. Si Nanay, si Tatay, ug ang akong tulo ka ig-
soon. Nanakay mig bus, dala ang among tanang putos. Nanghilak ang akong nanay ug akong mga
igsoon. Nanghilak ang among kapartidosan nga nagpalarga namo.

Ambot ngano to, apan ako, wa gyod ko mohilak, uy.

Bisag mawa na ang atabay sa tubod. Mawa na si Caring, si Melinda, si Botsoy ug si Idik nga akong
kaduwa og siyatom ug bikubiko. Di na ko makakita nilang Ma-am Silay, Daday ug Talya sa ilang
inadlaw-adlawng prosesyon aron maligo.

Bisan pa niana, wa gyod ko mohilak. Akong hunahuna, ah, mobalik ra nya ko. Pagbalik nako naa ra
na gihapon sila.

Dugay na to kaayo.

Ug wa gyod ko makabalik.

8
6
LABANG sa Siquijor, sa mga isla sa Kabisay-an, layo-layo sa nag-aso nga tuktok sa Kanlaon, padu-
ol sa Parian, lahos pa gani ngadto sa Naga. Naabot ko sa Iligan, sa lugar sa mga Muslim. Nakapasi-
long kog pila ka tuig ilawom sa landong sa Cuernos de Negros, diha sa naglawod-lawod nga mga
katubhan.

Pagkalayo na nako sa Dueñas nga akong gigikanan. Bisan didto ko natawo ug nagtubo, ang Dueñas,
wa tuyoa, lugar nga akong tinalikdan. Daghan na kog balayng gisak-an ug gikanaogan. Nakaamgo
ug unsay gugma gumikan sa paghandom sa mga nangawala, mga biniyaan ug wa na hipalging mga
butang.

Dugay nang napulbos sa katuigan si Ma-am Silay. Di na gyod kabalikan ang kabatan-on, kalaski,
katin-aw sa mata, kahamis ug kaambongan. Apan sa akong panumdoman, hagtik lang gihapon ang
tagaktak sa bakya ni Talya ug ni Daday sa kabatoan sa dalan. Ang lapalapa sa buta nga lagas nagka-
naas lang gihapon sa yuta sa iyang inadlaw-adlawng pagsimba sa atabay, paghandom sa kainit sa
tubig sa atabay, kabugnaw sa hangin nga gikan sa kakahoyan, singgit ug katawa sa mga bata nga
nanagduwa. Kadtong panahona di na gyod kabalikan.

Pagkalayo na gyod sa Dueñas. Bisan ang karaang sinultihan nga kanhi haniti ko mosulti, nalimas na
sa akong dila.

Apan sayod ko sa dalan pabalik sa akong mga biniyaan. Ako kining gibalon, bisan diin pa ko gidag-
sa, wa buhii sa alimpatakan, bisag unsa pay gipanglayat, gipangtungas o gipanglugsong man. Bisag
sila wa na diha, nahibawo kog asa ko sila hikaplagi. Sa akong alimpatakan, timgas ang tanan, am-
bongan, tibuok ang kahulogan.

Sa usa ka sakayan, ang pamato batok sa balod ug andam alang sa haros sa panahon. Paglarga sa
among bus, akong gihilam ang akong gitipig-tipigan sa akong bolsa— ang akong pamato, akong
duwa-duwaan, haom sa palad, hamis, balanse ug may igong gibug-aton. Di molasik kon ilabay, mo-
tugpa gyod sa akong tumong.

Mao nay estorya, maghanoy-hanoy man, motuyok ra gyod sa iyang gisugdan.

Source: Merlie M. Alunan, “Pamato,” Merlie M. Alunan, June 30, 2016, https://merliemalunan.word
press.com/2016/06/30/pamato/.

LITERARY SHOP

Merlie M. Alunan (born December 14, 1943, in Dingle, Iloilo) is a Filipina poet. She
spent time in different places in the Visayas and Mindanao at different times in her life and thus
acquired a level of fluency in the major Visayan languages. She finished her Bachelor’s Degree
in Education at the University of the Visayas, major in English and her Master’s Degree at Silli-
man University as a Fellow for Literature. She teaches at the Creative Writing Center, University
of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College. She lives in Tacloban City.

Edilberto Tiempo was born in 1913. He obtained his M.F.A. from the University of
Iowa and his Ph.D. in English from the University of Denver. In addition to having been a
Guggenheim and Rockefeller fellow, Ed Tiempo, alongside wife Edith L. Tiempo, spent
around four years studying literature and creative writing in the Iowa Writers Workshop.
Upon returning to the Philippines in 1962, the Tiempos founded the Silliman National Writ-
ers Workshop after the objectives of the Iowa writers’ clinic. The annual writing workshop
in Dumaguete City is the longest running in Asia.

9
SELECTION 3
The Witch
By Edilberto K. Tiempo

When I was twelve years old, I used to go to Libas, about nine kilometers from the town, to visit my
favorite uncle, Tio Sabelo, the head teacher of the barrio school there. I like going to Libas because
of the many things to eat at my uncle’s house: cane sugar syrup, candied meat of young coconut,
corn and rice cakes, ripe jackfruit, guavas from trees growing wild on a hill not far from Tio Sa-
belo’s house. It was through these visits that I heard many strange stories about Minggay Awok.
Awok is the word for witch in southern Leyte. Minggay was known as a witch even beyond Libas, in
five outlying sitios, and considering that not uncommonly a man’s nearest neighbor was two or three
hills away, her notoriety was wide. Minggay lived in a small, low hut as the back of the creek sepa-
rating the barrios of Libas and Sinit-an. It squatted like a soaked hen on a steep incline and below it,
six or seven meters away, two trails forked, one going to Libas and the other to Mahangin, a moun-
tain sitio. The hut leaned dangerously to the side where the creek water ate away large chunks of
earth during the rainy season. It had two small openings, a small door through which Minggay prob-
ably had to stoop to pass, and a window about two feet square facing the creek. The window was
screened by a frayed jute sacking which fluttered eerily even in the daytime.

What she had in the hut nobody seemed to know definitely. One daring fellow who boasted of hav-
ing gone inside it when Minggay was out in her clearing on a hill nearby said he had seen dirty stop-
pered bottles hanging from the bamboo slats of the cogon thatch. Some of the bottles contained scor-
pions, centipedes, beetles, bumble bees, and other insects; others were filled with ash-colored pow-
der and dark liquids. These bottles contained the paraphernalia of her witchcraft. Two or three small
bottles she always had with her hanging on her waistband with a bunch of iron keys, whether she
went to her clearing or to the creek to catch shrimps or gather fresh-water shells, or even when she
slept.

It was said that those who had done her wrong never escaped her vengeance, in the form of festering
carbuncles, chronic fevers that caused withering of the skin, or a certain disease of the nose that
eventually ate the nose out. Using an incantation known only to her, Minggay would take out one
insect from a bottle, soak it in colored liquid or roll it in powder, and with a curse let it go to the
body of her victim; the insect might be removed and the disease cured only rarely through intricate
rituals of an expensive tambalan.

Thus Minggay was feared in Libas and the surrounding barrios. There had been attempts to murder
her, but in some mysterious way she always came out unscathed. A man set fire to her hut one night,
thinking to burn her with it. The hut quickly burned down, but Minggay was unharmed. On another
occasion a man openly declared that he had killed her, showing the blood-stained bolo with which he
had stabbed her; a week later she was seen hobbling to her clearing. This man believed Minggay was
the cause of the rash that his only child had been carrying for over a year. One day, so the story
went, meeting his wife, Minggay asked to hold her child. She didn’t want to offend Minggay. As the
witch gave the child back she said, “He has a very smooth skin.” A few days later the boy had skin
eruptions all over his body that never left him.

Minggay’s only companions were a lean, barren sow and a few chickens, all of them charcoal black.
The sow and the chickens were allowed to wander in the fields, and even if the sow dug up sweet
potatoes and the chickens pecked rice or corn grain drying in the sun, they were not driven away by
the neighbors because they were afraid to arouse Minggay’s wrath.

10
Besides the sow and the chickens, Minggay was known to have a wakwak and a sigbin. Those who
claimed to have seen the sigbin described it as a queer animal resembling a kangaroo: the forelegs
were shorter than the hind ones: its fanlike ears made a flapping sound when it walked. The wakwak
was a nocturnal bird, as big and black as a crow. It gave out raucous cries when a person in the neigh-
borhood had just died. The bird was supposed to be Minggay’s messenger, and the sigbin caried her
to the grave; then the witch dug up the corpse and feasted on it. The times when I passed by the hut
and saw her lean sow and her black chickens, I wondered if they transformed themselves into fantas-
tic creatures at night. Even in the daytime I dreaded the possibility of meeting her; she might accost
me on the trail near her hut, say something about my face or any part of it, and then I might live the
rest of my life with a harelip, a sunken nose, or crossed eyes. But I never saw Minggay in her house
or near the premises. There were times when I thought she was only a legend, a name to frighten chil-
dren from doing mischief. But then I almost always saw her sow digging banana roots or wallowing
near the trail and the black chickens scratching for worms or pecking grains in her yard, and the
witch became very real indeed.

Once I was told to go to Libas with a bottle of medicine for Tio Sabelo’s sick wife. I started from the
town at half past five and by the time I saw the balete tree across the creek from Minggay’s hut, I
could hardly see the trail before me. The balete was called Minggay’s tree, for she was known to sit
on one of the numerous twisting vines that formed its grotesque trunk to wait for a belated passer-by.
The balete was a towering monstrous shadow; a firefly that flitted among the vines was an evil eye
plucked out searching for its socket. I wanted to run back, but the medicine had to get to Tio Sabelo’s
wife that night. I wanted to push through the thick underbrush to the dry part of the creek to avoid the
balete, but I was afraid of snakes. I had discarded the idea of a coconut frond torch because the light
would catch the attention of the witch, and when she saw it was only a little boy... Steeling myself I
tried to whistle as I passed in the shadow of the balete, its overhanging vines like hairy arms ready to
hoist and strangle me among the branches.

Emerging into the stony bed of the creek, I saw Minggay’s hut. The screen in the window waved in
the faint light of the room and I thought I saw the witch peering behind it. As I started going up the
trail by the hut, each moving clump and shadow was a crouching old woman. I had heard stories of
Minggay’s attempts to waylay travelers in the dark and suck their blood. Closing my eyes twenty
yards from the hut of the witch, I ran up the hill. A few meters past the hut I stumbled on a low
stump. I got up at once and ran again. When I reached Tio Sabelo’s house I was very tired and badly
shaken.

Somehow after the terror of the balete and the hut of the witch had lessened, although I always had
the goose flesh whenever I passed by them after dusk. One moonlight night going home to town I
heard a splashing of the water below Minggay’s house. I thought the sound was made by the witch,
for she was seen to bathe on moonlit nights in the creek, her loose hair falling on her face. It was not
Minggay I saw. It was a huge animal. I was about to run thinking it was the sigbin of the witch, but
when I looked at it again, I saw that it was a carabao wallowing in the creek.

One morning I thought of bringing home shrimps to my mother, and so I went to a creek a hundred
yards from Tio Sabelo’s house. I had with me my cousin’s pana, made of a long steel rod pointed at
one end and cleft at the other and shot through the hollow of a bamboo joint the size of a finger by
means of a rubber band attached to one end of the joint. After wading for two hours in the creek
which meandered around bamboo groves and banban and ipil clumps with only three small shrimps
strung on a coconut midrib dangling from my belt, I came upon an old woman taking a bath in the

11
shade of a catmon tree. A brown tapis was wound around her to three fingers width above her thin
chest. The bank of her left was a foot-wide ledge of unbroken boulder on which she had set a wood-
en basin half full of wet but still unwashed clothes.

In front of her was a submerged stone pile topped by a platter size rock; on it were a heap of shred-
ded coconut meat, a small discolored tin basin, a few lemon rinds, and bits of pounded gogo bark.
The woman was soaking her sparse gray hair with the gogo suds. She must have seen me coming
because she did not look surprised.

Seeing the three small shrimps hanging at my side she said, “You have a poor catch.”

She looked kind. She was probably as old as my grandmother; smaller, for this old woman was two
or three inches below five feet. Her eyes looked surprisingly young, but her mouth, just a thin line
above the little chin, seemed to have tasted many bitter years.

“Why don’t you bait them out of their hiding? Take some of this.” She gave me a handful of shred-
ded coconut meat whose milk she had squeezed out and with the gogo suds used on her hair.

She exuded a sweet wood fragrance of gogo bark and the rind of lemons. “Beyond the first bend,”
she said pointing, “the water is still. Scatter the shreds there. That’s where I get my shrimps. You
will see some traps. If you find shrimps in them they are yours.”

I mumbled my thanks and waded to the bend she had indicated. That part of the creek was like a
small lake. One bank was lined by huge boulders showing long, deep fissures where the roots of
gnarled dapdap trees had penetrated. The other bank was sandy, with bamboo and catmon trees lean-
ing over, their roots sticking out in the water. There was good shade and the air had a twilight chilli-
ness. The water was shallow except on the rocky side, which was deep and murky.

I scattered the coconut shreds around, and not long after they had settled down shrimps crawled from
boles under the bamboo and catmon roots and from crevices of the boulders. It did not take me an
hour to catch a midribful, some hairy with age, some heavy with eggs, moulters, dark magus, leaf-
green shrimps, speckled.

I saw three traps of woven bamboo strips, round-bellied and about two feet long, two hidden behind
a catmon root. I did not disturb them because I had enough shrimps for myself.

“No, no, iti. Your mother will need them. You don’t have enough. Besides I have freshwater crabs at
home.” She looked up at me with her strange young eyes and asked, “Do you still have a mother?”

I told her I had, and a grandmother, too.

“You are not from Libas, I think. This is the first time I have seen you.”

I said I was from the town and my uncle was the head teacher of the Libas barrio school.

“You remind me of my son when he was your age. He had bright eyes like you, and his voice was
soft like yours. I think you are a good boy.”

“Where is your son now?”

“I have not heard from him since he left. He went away when he was seventeen. He left in anger,

12
because I didn’t want him to marry so young. I don’t know where he went, where he is.”

She spread the length of a kimona on the water for a last rinsing. The flesh hanging from her skinny
arms was loose and flabby.

“If he’s still living,” she went on, “he’d be as old as your father maybe. Many times I feel in my
bones he is alive, and will come back before I die.”

“Your husband is still living?”

“He died a long time ago, when my boy was eleven.”

She twisted the kimona like a rope to wring out the water.

“I’m glad he died early. He was very cruel.”

I looked at her, at the thin mouth, wondering about her husband’s cruelty, disturbed by the manner
she spoke about it.

“Do you have other children?”

“I wish I had. Then I wouldn’t be living alone.”

A woman her age, I thought, should be a grandmother and live among many children.

“Where do you live?”

She did not speak, but her strange young eyes were probing and looked grotesque in the old woman’s
face. “Not far from here--the house on the high bank, across the balete.”

She must have seen the fright that suddenly leaped into my face, for I thought she smiled at me
queerly.

“I’m going now,” I said.

I felt her following me with her eyes; indeed they seemed to bore a hot hole between my shoulder
blades. I did not look back. Don’t run, I told myself. But at the first bend of the creek, when I knew
she couldn’t see me, I ran. After a while I stopped, feeling a little foolish. Such a helpless-looking
little old woman couldn’t be Minggay, couldn’t be the witch. I remembered her kind voice and the
wood fragrance. She could be my own grandmother.

As I walked the string of shrimps kept brushing against the side of my leg. I detached it from my belt
and looked at the shrimps. Except for the three small ones, all of them belonged to the old wom-
an. Her coconut shreds had coaxed them as by magic out of their hiding. The protruding eyes of the
biggest, which was still alive, seemed to glare at me---and then they became the eyes of the witch.
Angrily, I hurled the shrimps back into the creek.
Source: Edilberto K. Tiempo, “The Witch,” Short Stories, Accessed August 7, 2020, http://
www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Literature/Short%20Stories/The%20witch.htm.

13
 What have you noticed between the two stories “Pamato’’ and
WHICH IS WITCH? “The Witch”? Look closely and take note of the similarities and
differences of the two by answering the graphic organizer below .

Title (Selection 2) Title (Selection 3)

Setting 1 Setting 2

SETTING SIMILARITIES

SETTING DIFFERENCES

Character 1 Character 2

CHARACTER SIMILARITIES

CHARACTER DIFFERENCES

14
SELECTION 4 SELECTION 5

Balaki Ko ‘Day Samtang Gasakay Binangkal, Penelope

Ta’g Habalhabal Corazon Almerino
Adonis G. Durado
Penelope, kaon og binangkal.*
Balaki ko day Walay pulos kanang magsige’g
Samtang gasakay ta’g habalhabal. Ginansilyo – kanang magsige’g
Idat-ol og samut Paabut nianang tawo nga galisud
Kanang imong dughan Og tultol sa iyang panimalay.
Nganhi sa akong bukobuko
Aron mas mabatyagan ko ang hinagubtob Wala to siya gilamat uy. Daghan tong
Gihapit-hapit. Daghan pud
Sa imong kasingkasing.
Ang nangapyot ato niya.
Sa mga libaong nga atong malabyan.
Gaksa ko paghugot
Barug dinha ug sulunga
Sama sa lastikong
Ang tindahan nilang Nang Kikay
Mipungpong sa imong buhok.
Ug pakyawa ang iyang mga
Ug sa kainit sa imong ginhawa Binangkal. Kon kahibalo ka
Gitika kining akong dughan. Moluto, hala, pagluto og
Ang mga balili unya Daghan.
Nga naghalok sa ‘tong batiis
Isipon tang kaugaligong mga dila. Haay, Penelope. Kon tinuod man gani
Dayon samtang nagakatulin Nga nasaag o gilamat gyud siya,
Kining atong dagan, Dili gihapon niya mapanas
Mamiyong tag maghangad Ang mga gabii sa imong pagtukaw,
Ngadto sa kawanangan Ang imong mga daman,
Aron sugaton ang taligsik Ang imong kahingawa.
Sa uwan, dahon, ug bulak.
Kit-kita ug ub-uba
Source: Adonis G. Durado, “Cebuano – Ba- Unya ang mga binangkal.
laki Ko 'Day Samtang Gasakay Ta'g Habalha- Kit-kita gyud. Ub-uba.
bal,” Ethnic Groups of the Philippines, 2020.
http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/arts-
and-culture/filipino-voices/cebuano%E2% Ang sobra, tipigi.
80%93balaki-ko-%E2%80%98day-samtang-
gasakay-ta%E2%80%99 g-habalhabal/ Inig uli ato niya, inig tungtong
Niya tungod nianang pultahan,
Gubata dayon og binangkal.

* binangkal is a delicacy made of leftover bread or

cookies with sugar made into a ball, covered with
sesame seeds, and fried

Source: Corazon Almerino, “Binangkal, Penelo-

pe,” oocities.org, Accessed August 7, 2020, https://
www. oocities.org/phil_poetry/almerino_penelope

Source: Boy and Girl Riding Motorcycle. Gettyimages. Accessed August

10, 2020. https://www.gettyimages. no/detail/illustration/boy-and-girl-
riding-motorcycle-royalty-free-illustration/152405507?ad ppopup=true.

15
SELECTION 6

Sulat Alang kang Berting

Ting,

Ayaw na lang ko paabota. Nasaag nako sa akong mga pan-

gandoy, ug lisod na ang pagpangita sa dalan paingon kanimo.
Nahimo na kining libon, lasang. Ang ilado kaayong dalan sa
akong pagbati kaniadto, nahanaw na, natabonan sa mga nag
pangamay nga paglaom nga makakitag makahikap og
snow. Gikapoy nakog puyo sa gamay natong baryo, Ting.
Kapoy sigeg ugmad sa yuta nga di ato. Naay nagtudlo nako og
chat diri sa 7. Naay koy nakit-ang Kano nga ganahan kaayo sa
akong kutis nga morag kolor sa kugal nga sambag. Ingon siya,
Ting, he likes me. He want to marry me. And he brings me to
America. Maong kon papilion ko sa libong da’n ug sa hi way,
sa hi way nalang ko, Ting. Naa pay purohan maka-SUV ko.
By way, di na ka kinahanglang magtago-tago padu’ng sa
balay nila ni Celia. Kahibaw na sila Nanay ug Tatay sa akong
desisyon. Ug nalipay kaayo sila.

Ang imong ex,

Sinda

Source: Jona Branzuela Bering, Alang Sa Nasaag (CebuCity, Philippines:

BATHALAD INC., 2016)

SELECTION 7

Disgrasyada
by Erlinda K. Alburo

Mao kana ang pasundayag sa unahang karsada.

Apan ngano man diay Inday kon mailhan kang disgrasyada
kay kuno ikaw na-inahan apan dili diay asawa?
May nag-ingon baya nga taga-diin tong magbabalak
nga ang rosas nga laig ngalan humot rosas gihapon ang pagkabulak .
Kaayo ba lang nianang may anak nga gipadako
nga masugo-sugo sa paglukot og lumboyng tabako
labi nag babaye kay mopukaw kon ikaw gibangungot
maga-awit nga manulsi sa agi sa imong singot
ug kon malalaki man maantigo kanang mokalos
mopadailos sa lubi ug mopasayaw sa kawayang bulos.
Nan, kinsa man unya ang tinuod nga disgrasyada:
kadto bang na-inahan nga dili intawon asawa
o ang asawang wala nay anak wala pa gyuy bana?
Source: Kathrynne, Mother Child
Mother And Child LoveSource:
FamilySolitude.
Parent, File:United Airlines Aircraft Taking off at Schiphol Airport.jpg, Octo-
Source:
ber 16, 2004, Alburo,
Wikimedia Erlinda K.
Commons. “Disgrasyada.” Literature, July 26,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
Pixabay, Accessed August 7, 2020. 2015. http://litprelimprojgroup5.blog spot.com/2015/07/disgrasyada-
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/mother File:United_Airlines_aircraft_tak ing_off_at_Schiphol_Airport.jpg
by-erlinda-k.html.
-child-mother-and-child-love-3208577/.

16
 LITERARY SHOP

Adonis Durado is an award-winning Cebuano poet, visual journalist, and graphic de-
signer. He was born on August 25, 1975, in Cebu City, Philippines. He is a fine arts graduate
from the University of San Carlos. In 2017, he received the Knight Fellowship from the School
of Visual Communication from Ohio University. Durado has published four books of Cebuano
poems. His recent collection To Whom It May Not Concern (Pahinungod sa Di Hintungdan)
was a finalist of the 2019 International Book Awards.

Corazon Almerino is a well-known Cebuano Visayan writer. Her poems were included
in Sinug-ang: A Cebuano trio published by Women in Literary Arts in 1999.

Jona Branzuela Bering is from Tuburan, Cebu but is currently based in Ha Noi, Vi-
etnam. She primarily writes poetry and short stories in Cebuano and lengthy travel essays in
English. She maintains a travel column on TV5’s Interaksyon.com and writes for Rappler’s and
Sun.Star Cebu’s travel section. Her poetry collection Alang sa Nasaag (For the Lost), swings
between the beauty of the domestic life and the lure of the vagabond.

Erlinda Kintanar Alburo is a prolific and important contemporary Cebuano scholar and
promoter of the language. She has a Ph.D. in Silliman University where she teaches English,
literature and research. She is the Director of the Cebuano Studies Center of the University of
San Carlos, Cebu City and she coordinates the annual Faigao Memorial Writers Workshop of
Cebu. She is an active member of Women in Literary Arts (WILA) and used to be its chairper-
son. She writes poetry both in English and Cebuano.

Choose one poem from the sample selections and analyze it by

POEM IN CHECK providing the information needed. Do not be afraid to step out of
the box with your answers. Be imaginative and critical!

TOPIC SUMMARY

What is the poem mainly about? What happens in the poem?

LITERARY TERMS LITERARY TERMS

Rhyme, Imagery, Symbols, etc. Sample lines from the poem

OPINION

Did you enjoy the poem? Why or why not?

17
 WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
REFLECTION JOURNAL
What I learn...
What I enjoy...
What I need to do...
WHAT I CAN DO
HELP CENTER
CHARACTER/
DESCRIPTION
PERSONA
Time to reflect on your journey for this module.
What are the new things you have learned and
discovered? Did you enjoy learning them?
What will you do with these learnings? Write
your thoughts below.
Choose three characters/personas from the selections you
have read and give your own description according to
how you see them. They have their own struggles in life.
Think of a way on how you can help them. Write your an-
swers in the appropriate columns.
WAYS TO HELP HIM/HER
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 ASSESSMENT
Read each question about the selections
COMPREHENSION CHECK carefully and answer them critically.

1. Why do the bingo players consider the game as “gera?”

2. Where do you think is the setting of the story “Bingo?” Describe it briefly.

3. How did Merlie Alunan compare herself with pamato?

4. What sentence/s of the story “Pamato” summarizes the journey of the author?

5. In you opinion, is Minggay Awok really a witch? Why or not?

6. What do you think was Minggay Awok’s reaction after the boy learned who she was and hurriedly
went home?
7. What line in Adonis G. Durado’s poem speaks of troubles and struggles?

8. What is Penelope’s problem?

9. Why does Sinda send Berting a letter?
10. Who is the real disgrasyada?
11. - 15. Give five Visayan cultures that are reflected in the selections you’ve read.

Choose the letter of the correct answer by writing them down

MULTIPLE CHOICE at the end of each sentence.

1. It is the method by which a writer shows what kind of person each character is.
a. characters b. characterization c. major character d. minor character
2. This type of character is usually given much development, more conflicts to resolve, more back-
ground, and usually more action.
a. characters b. characterization c. major character d. minor character
3. He co-founded the Silliman National Writers Workshop, the annual writing workshop in
Dumaguete City.
a. Adonis Dorado b. Edgar S. Godin c. Edilberto Tiempo d. Merlie Alunan
4. She is a poet born in Iloilo but now lives in Tacloban City and teaches at the Creative Writing Cen-
ter, University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College.
a. Corazon Almerino b. Jona B. Bering c. Merlie Alunan d. Erlinda Alburo
5. She is the Director of the Cebuano Studies Center of the University of San Carlos, Cebu City and
she coordinates the annual Faigao Memorial Writers Workshop of Cebu.
a. Corazon Almerino b. Jona B. Bering c. Merlie Alunan d. Erlinda Alburo
6. She is a writer from Tuburan, Cebu but is currently based in Ha Noi, Vietnam.
a. Corazon Almerino b. Jona B. Bering c. Merlie Alunan d. Erlinda Alburo
7. This character is feared in Libas and the surrounding barrios.
a. Mingay Awok b. Mal-am Silay c. Mal-am Tonyang d. Talya
8. Minggay Awok is said to have owned this queer animal resembling a kangaroo: the forelegs were
shorter than the hind ones; its fanlike ears made a flapping sound when it walked.
a. Wakwak b. Sigbin c. Shrimp d. Owl
9. “Sulat Alang kang Berting” is an example of ____________
a. Narrative Poem b. Lyric Poem c. Epistolary Poem d. Dramatic Poetry
10. This is a game of chance in which players mark off numbers on cards as numbers are drawn ran-
domly by a caller. a. Biko-biko b. Lotto c. Bingo d. Raffle Draw

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 20
WHAT I KNOW TAG THAT PLACE 1. b 6. c
2. i 7. e
3. j 8. a
4. h 9. f
5. g 10. d
WHAT’S IN LINGO MASTER Answers vary.
Maayung buntag.
Gihigugma tika.
Walay sapayan.
Malipayong adlawang natawhan.
Pagpaayo.
WHAT’S NEW BLACKOUT BINGO
1. Apan duna bay midaog sa gera?
2. ulipon na usab sa maong dula
3. gitipig-tipigan sa akong bolsa—ang akong pamato
4. Mao nay estorya, maghanoy-hanoy
5. Awok is witch in southern Leyte.
6. helpless-looking little old woman
7. Gitika kining akong dughan
8. ang mga gabii sa imong pagtukaw,
9. kinsa man unya ang tinuod nga disgrasyada:
10. Ayaw na lang ko paabota
WHAT IS IT AS YOU LIKE IT Answers vary.
WHICH IS WITCH Answers vary.
POEM IN CHECK Answers vary.
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED REFLECTION JOURNAL Answers vary.
WHAT I CAN DO HELP CENTER Answers vary.
ASSESSMENT COMPREHENSION CHECK Answers vary.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. b 3. c. 5. d 7. a 9. c
2. c 4. c 6. b 8. b 10. c
ANSWER KEYS
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books

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Baronda, Andrew John C. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World. Pasay City,
Philippines: JFS Publishing Services, 2016.
Bering, Jona Branzuela. Alang Sa Nasaag. CebuCity, Philippines: BATHALAD INC., 2016.
Chin, Beverly Ann., Denny Wolfe, Jeffrey Copeland, Mary Ann Dudzinski, William Ray, Jacqueline
Jones Royster, and Jeffrey Wilhelm. Glencoe Literature: the Reader's Choice, Course 4.
New York, New York: Glencoe McGraw-Hill, 2002.

Electronic Source

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Images

Boy and Girl Riding Motorcycle. Gettyimages. Accessed August 10, 2020. https://www.gettyimages.
no/detail/illustration/boy-and-girl-riding-motorcycle-royalty-free-illustration/152405507?ad
ppopup=true.
Kathrynne. Mother Child Mother And Child Love Family Parent. Pixabay. Accessed August 7,
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For inquiries or feedback, please write of call:

Department of Education, Region VII, Division of Cebu Province

Office Address: IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City

Telefax: (032) 255-6405

E-mail Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph

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