ALKALINE

BATTERY
GROUP 3: BENEDICTUS OWEN WIJAYA, ANGELINA ARIEF,
ABDIEL CHRISTIAN ARAPENTA SURBAKTI, AILEEN NATHANIA
HO, CASSANDRA

 It is a type of primary battery that derives its

energy from the reaction between zinc metal and
manganese dioxide.

What is an The alkaline battery gets its name because it has

an alkaline electrolyte of potassium hydroxide

Alkaline
(KOH) instead of the acidic ammonium chloride
(NH4Cl) or zinc chloride (ZnCl2) electrolyte of the
zinc–carbon batteries.

battery? It's a precise combination of zinc, high-density

manganese dioxide, and potassium hydroxide. An
alkaline battery produces electricity when the
manganese dioxide cathode is reduced and the
zinc anode becomes oxidized.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN
ALKALINE AND OTHER BATTERIES
Alkaline Battery
Chemically, a typical alkaline dry cell battery has a zinc
anode and a manganese dioxide cathode. The electrolyte
is a non-acidic basic paste. A typical electrolyte used in
alkaline batteries is potassium hydroxide. Physically, a
typical alkaline battery consists of a steel can packed with
manganese dioxide in its outermost internal cathode
region and is filled with zinc and the electrolyte within the
center-most internal anode region. The electrolyte
surrounding the anode mediates the chemical reaction
between the anode and the cathode.
COMPARISON BETWEEN ALKALINE
AND OTHER BATTERIES
Non-Alkaline Battery
Chemically, a typical non-alkaline dry cell battery has a
zinc anode and a carbon rod/manganese dioxide
cathode. The electrolyte is typically an acidic paste. A
typical electrolyte consists of a mixture of ammonium
chloride and zinc chloride. Physically, a typical non-
alkaline battery is constructed the reverse of an alkaline
battery. The zinc container serves as an outer anode
whereas the carbon rod/manganese dioxide occupies
the inner region as the cathode. The electrolyte is mixed
with the cathode and mediates the chemical reaction
between the cathode and the anode.
Reactions in
alkaline battery
In an alkaline battery, the negative electrode is zinc and the positive electrode is manganese dioxide(MnO2).
The alkaline electrolyte of potassium hydroxide is not consumed during the reaction, only the zinc and MnO2
The half
are consumed during discharge. The alkaline electrolyte of potassium hydroxide remains, as there are equal
amounts of OH−consumed and produced. reactions are:

The half Overall

reactions are: Reaction:
Zn(s) + 2OH−(aq)→ ZnO(s) + H2O(l) + 2e−
[oxidation= +1.28 V] Zn(s) + 2MnO2(s) ⇌ ZnO(s) + Mn2O3(s)
2MnO2(s) + H2O(l) + 2e−→ Mn2O3(s) + 2OH−(aq) [e° = +1.43 V]
[reduction= +0.15 V]
ANODE & CATHODE
At the anode (-) oxidation of the zinc case produces
electrons according to the equation below :
Zn(s) => Zn2+(aq) + 2e-

At the cathode (+) reduction of MnO2 occurs pretty

much according according to the equation below:
2MnO2 + 2NH4+(aq) + 2e- => Mn2O3(s) + 2NH3(aq) + H2O(l)
USAGE OF ALKALINE BATTERIES
IN OUR DAILY LIFE

Usage of alkaline batteries for low-drain applications offers

commendable performance with very low replacement rate.
Low-drain applications include flashlights, portable radios, alarm
clocks, remote controls, toys and the like.
Low-drain applications dominate the alkaline battery market.
THANK YOU!