Detailed Lesson Plan

Science

Name of Teachers : Crystal Blench O. Daita, Claudia B. Inoc, Ivy lou B. Campo
Grade/Year Level : Grade 5
Quarter : Fourth Quarter
Learning Competency : Investigate extent of weathering and soil erosion in the community
and its effects on living and non-living things and the environment.
Code : S5FE-Ivb-2
Lesson : What process shape the earth’s surface.
Duration : 1 hour

I. Learning Objectives: At the end of this lesson the students are able to;
a. Define weathering
b. Define soil erosion
c. explain the effects of soil erosion
d. Enumerate and explain the different ways to control soil erosion

II. A. Materials : Charts, Jumbled letters, laptop

B. References
C. Process Skills
D. Values Integration
: Science-CG_with tagged-sci-equipment_revised_pdf,
Science Beyond Borders Textbook page 153-169
: Describing and identifying
: Appreciating the positive and negative effects of weathering and
soil erosion.

III. Procedure
A. Preliminary Activities

Teachers Task Students Tasks

Class kindly stand up for the opening (Stand up)
prayer.

May I call on Ana to lead the prayer? (Our Father Payer)

Good morning class! Good morning ma’am!
Before you take you seats kindly arrange (Picking up the pieces of garbage/s)
your chairs properly and pick up the
pieces of trash under your chairs.

If your done you may now take your seats’ (Taking their respective seats)
Now, Ms. Grace is everyone present Yes ma’am, there is no absent today.
today?
Very good!

B. Motivation

Teachers Task Students Tasks

Now, before we will start our lesson today (Go to their respective groups)
we will have a group activity. I’ll give you 1
minute to go to your respective groups.
Our activity for today is called “Guess Me”.
I have here jumbled letters which each
group are going to arrange to create the
word that are being asked.

Each group should have one (Get their jumbled letters)

representative to get your jumbled letters
here in front.
Every word that you can guess is
equivalent to 10 points a total of 20 points
since you have 2 groups of jumbled letters
to form. The first group who can get the
correct answer will have additional 5
points, the second group will have 4
points, third group will have 3 points,
fourth group will have 2 points and the last
group will have additional 1 point.
Are we all clear? Yes ma’am!
I’ll give you 5 minutes to do the activity. (Doing the activity)
Your time starts now!
(After 1 minute group 3 raise their hands)

Yes group 3? (Checking the answer).

Very good group 3 you got the additional 5
points. Hurry up students to get the 2nd
highest additional points.

Yes group 1 what word do you have Weathering and soil erosion ma’am.
there?
Correct! Group 1 plus 4
Next we have group 2, what word do you Mechanical weathering and chemical
have there? weathering ma’am.
Very good, group 2 plus 3 points
Now we have group 4, what word do you Strip cropping and terracing
have there?
Correct, group 4 got the additional 2 points
Last but not the least, yes group 5? What Crop rotation and riprapping ma’am
word do you have there?
Correct, group 5 got additional 1 point.
Total all your scores and put it in your (Total their scores and after go back to
index card, the same format and after you their respective seats)
can go back to your respective seats.

C. Discussion

Teachers Task Students Tasks

Class, arrange your seats first. (Arrange their seats)
Now, let’s start our discussion. What have It’s all about the earth surface ma,am.
you noticed with the words that I gave to
you?
Your right! What else? No one? Ok! Let’s
just proceed.
We’re now at chapter 10: What Processes
Shape the Earth’s Surface? Our objectives
for today’s lessons are at the end of this
lesson the students are able to; Define
weathering, define soil erosion, explain the
effects of soil erosion and lastly
enumerate and explain the different ways
to control soil erosion.
Let’s have first weathering. Weathering is
an important process that helps shape the
Earth’s surface. The breaking of the rocks
results in the formation of soil and different
landforms.

Any clarifications about weathering so that None ma’am

we can continue?
Ok! Weathering has two types:
Mechanical weathering and chemical
weathering. When we say mechanical
weathering it also known as physical
weathering. It is the process through
which large rocks are broken into
increasingly smaller pieces, the process
normally happens near earth’s surface
and doesn’t change the chemical nature of
rocks.

When we say chemical weathering it

involves a change in the composition of
rocks that allows them to breakdown into
tiny pieces and occurs when reactions
between rock and another substance
dissolve the rock, causing parts of it to fall
away.

Next, we have the different agents of

weathering.

Who among you here have any ideas Water, wind, temperature, plants,
about the different agents of weathering or animals and humans ma’am.
you can give some examples.
Very good! How can the water be one of (Silence)
the agents of weathering? Anyone from
the class? No one?
Ok! Water can break rocks in different Yes ma’am!
ways for example the strong waves hitting
the rocks can make it break also water
can seep in to the cracks of the rocks and
when it’s get colder, these water can
expand and turn into ice which can trigger
rocks to break. Understood?
How about the wind? The wind causes Yes, ma’am
many beautiful formations like the
Mahayaw Arch in Sabtang Isalnd,
Batanes, Philippines. As the wind blows, it
carries sand or small rock particles that
scratch the rocks’ surface. This can bring
about mechanical weathering which can
also result to different rock formations. Did
understand?
Next we have temperature, when rocks None ma’am
are exposed to varying temperature, it
expands. If rocks are exposed to a low
temperature, it contracts. The repeated
expansion and contraction of rocks due to
changes in temperature results in
weathering. Questions?
Next are plants, some plants, like lichens, Ma’am how about the trees ma’am is it
ferns, and mosses, can also trigger included to the agents that can trigger
weathering. How? It can grow on rocks weathering?
and cause it to break into pieces.
Eventually, metabolic or life process of
these plants will cause the gradual
breakage of rocks into smaller pieces.
Questions?
Yes, tress can also trigger weathering. Its Yes ma’am!
growing roots can break the cemented
ground in search for more minerals in the
soil. Understand?
Now, let’s proceed to the animals. Animals None ma’am!
that live underground also contributes to
weathering. As borrowing animals dig
deeper, they cause rocks to break into
pieces, too. Question or clarifications
about the animals?
Very good! Last but not the least is Ma’am can you give more examples?
humans. For example, subdivision
developers use bulldozers to flatten
mountains or hills to build houses. Some
construction workers use jackhammer to
break boulders of rock as they repair
roads. Understand? Clarifications?
Ok! Another example, mining companies.
Mining companies extract stones or rocks
from quarry or just like an open-pit mine.
Some miners throw dynamites and other
explosives on quarry sites to get more
rocks or stones, this mining activity can
trigger landslides.

Questions? Clarifications? None ma’am

Are you sure? Yes ma’am!
Ok very good! Now, let’s proceed to soil Erosion ma’am is movement of rocks
erosion. Who among you here have any from one place to another.
ideas about soil erosion? Yes, Brent?
Very good! Brent is correct, when we say
soil erosion it is when rocks are broken
down into different pieces and it does not
stay in one place. Some rock fragments
become part of the soil; others are
transferred from one place to another.
Again, just like what Brent said that
movement of rock fragments and soil from
one place to another is called erosion. The
materials that are transported due to
erosion are called sediments.

Understand? Yes ma’am!

Again when we say erosion it is the Yes ma’am!
movement of rock fragments and soil from
one place to another and the materials
that are transported due to erosion are
called sediments. Is that clear?
Very good and just like in weathering there
are different agents of soil erosion. It
includes water, wind, animals, and
humans.

Water-as water flows, it transports rock Yes ma’am!

and soil particles from one place to
another. The speed of the flowing water
affects the rate of soil erosion. The faster
the water flows, the faster and the farther
the erosion would be. Faster movement
of water can cause many sediments to be
carried away by water. Get it?
Next is the wind, as wind blows it carries No, Ma’am!
light particles of rocks and soil,
transporting and depositing them in
another place. Erosion by the wind
contributes a lot in shaping the Earth’s
surface. An example of this is the
formation of sand dunes. Are you familiar
with sand dunes?
When we say sand dunes it is ridges of
sand formed by the wind and are usually
found in deserts or shore lines. Dunes are
formed when the wind blows sand into a
secluded area.
Next, we have animals. How? When Yes ma’am!
borrowing animals dig the ground, some
rock and soil particles stick to their bodies
as they move from one place to another
they carry such particles too. Understand?
Lastly we have humans. Just like animals, Yes ma’am!
whenever we walk, the soil clings to our
shoes, so the soil gets transported from
place to place. Also other human activities
like gardening can also cause erosion
since soil moves as we dig the ground.
Do you understand it class?
Very good! Now I have a question for you Yes ma’am!
here. Are you ready?
Nice, so the question is how land slope Me ma’am
affects erosion? Anyone from the class?
Yes Miss Gilig? Ma’am I think if the surface is greatly
slanted the water that flows has greater
force and thus carries more soil.
Yes very good, thank you Miss Gilig. Ma’am what is slope?
She’s right, in continuation to what your
classmate said those results to greater
and faster erosion.
Good question! A slope is an inclined Ok ma’am!
surface of land and again just like what
your classmate said this slope of land
affects the rate of soil erosion. We all
know that roots of trees and other plants
absorb water as it rains, but some
unabsorbed water flows downward since
we’re talking here an inclined surface or a
slope, washing away soil.
Ok now, l am going to discuss to you the None ma’am!
effects of soil erosion but before that do
you have any idea the effects of soil
erosion, anyone?
Every natural process here on earth, like None ma’am!
soil erosion affects both living and non-
living things. Soil erosion does not only
shape Earth’s landforms, it also affects
ecosystem especially if it happens
abruptly. First, let me discuss the effects
of soil erosion on landforms. The
appearance and structure of landform do
not change overnight. Soil erosion can
destroy large masses of land. It can also
transform a mountain to a hill or plateau.
Deforestation, mining, and conversion of
mountains to residential or commercial
lands. Question?
Good! Now, let’s proceed to the effects of Yes ma’am1
soil erosion on living things.
Too much soil erosion makes the soil
unable to hold or absorb water. This
makes the soil dry, coarse, and eventually
unfit for vegetation. Sediments that are
washed away by water can clog irrigation
systems and can further inhibit the plants
water supply. Less food production, that
can affect animals and humans since
plants are their main source of food and
nutrients. People who depend on farming
as their source of livelihood will have
problems if they don’t have a healthy and
fertile soil to plant. Erosion bought by
water can wash mine tailings to nearby
bodies of water and pollute them.
Any question or clarification about the None ma’am!
effects of soil erosion on living things
before we proceed on the ways to control
soil erosion?
Ok good! We know that soil erosion is a Ok ma’am!
natural phenomenon in the environment
so we cannot prevent it however; there are
practices that can help control soil erosion
and its harmful effects. First in line is the
natural vegetation, this is allowing plants
and trees to grow naturally without human
interference. By letting these plants grow,
root systems will be developed and these
root system grip on the soil and make it
more stable, thereby minimizing the
movement of soil throughout the ground.
Next is contour plowing, since erosion Yes ma’am, but we didn’t know it is
usually occurs on slopes, farmers who called contour plowing now, we know
plant on mountainsides follow the contours already.
or curves of the land instead of planting
the crops up and down the slope so as to
slow down the flow of water and the soil
that it carries. Are you familiar with this
one?
Very good! Next we have strip cropping, I Now we know already what it is called
know just like contour plowing you are all ma’am!
familiar with this one but didn’t know what
it is called. This method involves
alternately planting different crops in
strips. These crops are planted across the
slope, too. In this method grass and other
plants that grow close to the ground are
planted in strips between bands of grain
crops. The strip crops lessen soil erosion
since they hold much water in the soil.
Good! Next is terracing, have you been to Yes ma’am, but in photos only!
or seen photos of the Banaue Rice
Terraces in Mountain Province?
Same here! I just also seen it in photos Now I know ma’am I thought it is only for
and video so Banaue Rice Terraces is a tourist attraction.
very good example of terracing, which
involves planting on terraces or steps built
on the slopes of mountainsides. Farmers
build terraces to act as a ridge to help
slow down the flow of water that carries
soil. By doing so, the rate of erosion also
slows down.
No it is not just to attract tourist. Now you Yes ma’am!
know that it is to help slow down the rate
of erosion.
Good! Now, let’s proceed to the next one Ok ma’am!
 which is crop rotation. When we say crop
rotation this refers to planting crops in
different spot each year. Doing so helps
the soil maintain its good quality of soil, a
good quality of soil is moist and a moist
soil cannot be carried away easily by the
wind. Farmers use crop rotation not just to
prevent pests from destroying the plants
but also to maintain the good quality of the
soil.
Lastly is the riprapping, it is building Yes ma’am!
ripraps or chunks of stones or rocks
arranged on the edge of a slope. This
arrangement of stones does not just serve
as a foundation but also a ridge to control
soil erosion. Like for example when rain
pours down, most of the soil carried down
the slope is deposited on the ripraps. Do
get it?

D. Generalization
Teachers Task Students Tasks
Very good! And that ends our discussion None ma’am!
for today. Questions or clarifications?
Sure? What do you call an important Weathering ma’am!
process that helps shape the Earth’s
surface and the breaking of the rocks
results in the formation of soil and different
landforms?
Very good! Next, what are the 2 types of Mechanical and Chemical weathering
weathering? ma’am!
Good! What is the difference between the Mechanical weathering ma’am is the
two? Yes Abigail? physical wearing of rocks while chemical
weathering involves change in
composition of rocks that allows them to
break into pieces.
Right! And what are the different agents of Water, wind, temperature, plants,
weathering? animals and humans ma’am!
Good! What do we call when rocks are Soil erosion ma’am!
broken down into different pieces and it
does not stay in one place
Very good! And what are the different Water, wind, animals, and humans
agents of soil erosion? ma’am!
Good! What do you call an inclined plane Slope ma’am!
or surface of a land?
Very good! And what are the different Natural vegetation, contour plowing, strip
ways to control soil erosion? cropping, terracing, crop rotation and
riprapping ma’am!
Very good! I think you really understand Yes ma’am!
our lesson for today

E. Application
Teachers Task Students Tasks
Now, let’s find out if you really understand Okay ma’am!
our discussion today. Get your quiz
notebook in science because we are going
to have a quiz.
(Dictates the questions to the class, see
the quiz number 1 )
IV: Assignment
1. Define what is weather disturbances and give the causes of weather disturbances.
 Quiz # 1

LET’S CHECK!

A. Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Write FALSE, if the statement is wrong and change
the underlined word to make the statement correct.

1. The movement of rocks from one place to another is called weathering.

2. Sediments are materials transported due to erosion.

3. The faster the running water is, the slower the soil erosion would be.
4. Sand dunes are ridges of sand formed by waves.
5. Erosion is faster and greater on land surfaces with gradual slope.
6. Gardening can also cause erosion because soil moves as we mine the
ground.
7. A slope is a flat surface of land.
8. Small volumes of soil and sand are transported when they are used in the
construction of houses.
9. When burrowing animals dig the ground, some rocks and soil particles stick to
their bodies.
10. Landslide can be caused by water, wind animals, and humans.

B. Draw if the situation shows good effects of soil erosion and if not.

1. shaping of land forms

2. deposition of mine tailings
3. formation of soil
4. removal of top soil
5. clogging of irrigation canals
6. decrease in food production
7. pollution of water
8. inability of soil to hold water
9. change in appearance or mountains
10.large masses becoming wonders of nature

C. Give the correct answer to the question being asked.

1. allowing plants to grow naturally without human interference

2. instead of plowing up and down, farmers should plow across the slope to form
ridges
3. alternately planting different crops in strips
4. involves planting on terraces or steps built on slopes of mountainside
5. planting crops on a different spot each year
6. chunks of stones or rocks are arrange in the edge of the slope