Professional Documents
Culture Documents
W2 - Number System - MODULE PDF
W2 - Number System - MODULE PDF
Number System
In mathematics, a 'number system' is a set of numbers, with one or more operations that
can perform like addition and multiplication.
Course Module
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
5 5 5
6 6 6
7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9
10 A
B
C
D
E
F
Step 2: Add all decimal digit value where the binary digit value is 1
64 + 16 + 2 + 1 = 83
Step 3: add the base 10 in the final answer
8310
Another way to convert is to directly get the nth power of a binary number then add all the
decimal numbers to get the final results. See figure 1.0 for example
Course Module
Figure 1.0 Convert 1010011 base 2 to base 10
1. Group the given binary value into three starting from the right. Note that you have to
pad the digits to three in order to meet the requirement of 3 per group.
2. Add 4,2 and 1 underneath each binary number per group.
3. Add the octal value of a number system represented by 1’s
Example: Convert 1010011 to octal/ base 8
4. Then read the final answer from right to left.
Step 1: Group the given binary value into three starting from the right
1|01 0|01 1
Note that we have to left pad the value to three therefore the grouped value
is:
001 | 0 1 0 | 0 1 1– The zero’s in blue text are the added value
Step 2: Add 4,2 and 1 underneath the binary value
001 | 0 1 0 | 0 1 1
4 21 | 4 2 1 | 4 2 1
Step 3: Add all octal where the number system is 1’s. Note all text in red in step 2 are
the octal value with 1’s
4 21 | 4 2 1 | 4 2 1
1 2 3
Step 4: Read the value from right to left.
1 23
Therefore, 10100112 = 1238
A shortcut version of converting binary to octal is to group the given binary number to 3
starting right then add all raise value that is equal to 1. The raise power is 4,2,and 1 to complete
the 8 values of octal including the 0. See figure 2.0 below for example.
Step 1: Group the given binary value into four starting from the right
1 01 |0 0 11
Note that we have to left pad the value to four therefore the grouped value is:
01 0 1 | 0 0 1 1– The zero’s in blue text are the added value
Step 2: Add 8,4,2 and 1 underneath the binary value
01 0 1 | 0 0 1 1
84 2 1 | 8 4 2 1
Course Module
Step 3: Add all hexadecimal value where the number system is 1’s. Note all text in red in
step 2 are the hexadecimal value with 1’s
84 2 1 | 8 4 2 1
5 3
Step 4: Read the value from right to left.
53
Therefore, 10100112= 5316
Decimal system
The decimal (base ten) numeral system has ten possible values (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, or 9) for
each place-value.
1. Write the decimal number as the dividend. Then add a slash (/) and write the base of the
destination system (in our case, "2" for binary) as the divisor outside the curve of the division
symbol.
2. Divide the decimal number to binary number and write the remainder as 0 or 1. Continue to
divide until you reach the last digit
3. Read the remainder upward from bottom to top.
Note: In converting decimal to binary every remainder that is greater than to zero is consider one.
Since binary only accept two values which is 0 and 1.
1. Divide the given decimal value to 8 until we reach 0 value. To get the remainder multiple the
quotient by 8 minus the given number. The result from the subtraction is the remainder.
2. Read the values upward
1. Divide the given decimal value to 16 until we reach 0 value. To get the remainder multiple the
quotient by 16 minus the given number. The result from the subtraction is the remainder.
2. Read the values upward
128 + 0 + 6 = 134
Therefore: 2068 = 13410
84 21 84 21 842 1
0|1000 |0110
0 86
Therefore: 2068 = 8616
Hexadecimal system
The hexadecimal (base 16) numeral system has 16 possible values (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and
A,E,C,D,E,F) for each place-value. Below is the value of hexadecimal to binary.
Hexadecimal 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
value
Binary Value 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1110
512 + 0 + 6 = 518
Therefore: 20616 = 51810
42 1 4 214 21 4 21
001| 000|000| 1 10
100 6
Course Module
Therefore: 20616 = 10068
Summary:
A 'number system' is a set of numbers, together with one or more operations, such as addition or
multiplication.
A binary digit is called a bit. There are two possible states in a bit, usually expressed as 0 and 1.
In the binary system, there can be only two choices for this number -- either a "0" or a "1".
In the octal system, there can be eight possibilities: "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7".
In the decimal system, there are ten different numbers that can enter the digit box: "0", "1",
"2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9".
In the hexadecimal system, we allow 16 numbers: "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9",
"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", and "F".
The binary numeral system, or base-2 number system represents numeric values using two
symbols, 0 and 1.
The decimal (base ten) number system, used in mathematics for writing numbers and performing
arithmetic.
Course Module