DANICA A.

REAL 1st Year – Second Semester

Entrepreneurship and Global Enterprise Sunday Class – 7:00–10:00AM

LOCAL ENTERPRENEURS

1. DR. CECILIO KWOK POWER – LAMOIYAN CORPORATION

Summary
Cecilio Kwok Pedro, of Chinese descent, was born on 1953 in the Philippines. Even
when he was young, Pedro already has a knack for business, selling pens to his
schoolmates. Dr. Pedro’s story is not the rags-to-riches type, but his success is
nevertheless admirable.
He graduated from Ateneo de Manila with a degree in Business Management. It was
around 1975 when Cecilio to put up his own business. He borrowed twenty thousand
pesos (P20,000.00) from his father and founded Aluminum Containers, Inc., supplying
collapsible aluminum toothpaste tubes to Colgate-Palmolive, Procter & Gamble, and
Philippine Refining Company. But due to environmental concerns, the companies
decided to use plastic-laminated toothpaste tubes instead in 1985. Cecilio’s company
took a huge blow, prompting him to close his business in the same year.
Dr. Cecilio did not allow this problem to put him down. In 1985, he decided to start
again and established Lamoiyan Corporation. Lamoiyan was the Cantonese name of
her grandmother, whom he loved and look up to. It was her that introduced their family
to Christianity.
The initial plan was to use the machines from his defunct company for epoxy but he
thought that the market was too small. Since he used to be a supplier for a toothpaste
company, this is where he focused the business instead, much to the disapproval of
many. He developed his own brand of toothpaste, Hapee. Contending against well-
known, international brands is a tough one, so Dr. Pedro realized that the only way that
his toothpaste can get noticed is to sell them at a lower price, 50% less that of Colgate
and Close up. The company also developed different fruity flavors of Hapee which
enticed the children. They also manufactured the toothpaste in smaller packs and
sachets; hence, catering to different markets.
It was they took Lea Salonga as their first celebrity endorser to further improve brand
awareness. Hapee was getting 15% of the market already and getting a famous
endorser increased it. In later years they also introduced other variety of products like
dishwashing pastes and fabric detergents.
Not only is Lamoiyan Corporation known for creating a Filipino brand of toothpaste,
but also for its commitment to supporting the deaf community. Lamoiyan’s employment
program includes free housing for more than 30 deaf-mute staff, while the company’s
managers are required to learn sign-language as a means of communicating with the
hearing-impaired staff. Since the founding of the Lamoiyan Corporation, about 180 deaf-
mute students have received a free college education through D.E.A.F. which stands for
Deaf Evangelistic Alliance Foundation, founded and chaired by Cecilio K. Pedro and
officially recognized by the Philippine government’s Department of Education and
Culture.
Cecilio K. Pedro was awarded with an Honorary Doctor of Philosophy in
Technological Management by the Technological University of the Philippines in
recognition of his corporate and social achievements. Dr. Pedro ingrained his own belief
through the company’s corporate motto: “Making the difference for the Glory of God”.
Characteristics

A. Determined – In spite of the problem, companies decided to use plastic-

laminated toothpaste tubes, that caused Dr. Cecilio’s company took a huge blow,
prompting him to close his business in the same year but he is still determined to
continue doing business and decided to start again and established Lamoiyan
Corporation. His determination put him in the top of the business industry.

B. Helpful – Establishing Lamoiyan Corporation is a big help to the Filipino citizen

because it gives everyone the opportunity to work for their future, especially to
our beloved deaf community who find it hard to get a good job due to their
disability. The Lamoiyan Corporation employed hearing-impaired people, and
required employees to learn how to communicate with the deaf. Dr. Cecilio
Diokno also founded and chaired the Deaf Evangelistic Alliance Foundation
(DEAF) which gave scholarship to the deaf community and introduced them to
Christianity, standing by the company’s motto, “To make a difference for the
glory of God.”

C. Business Minded – When he was young, Dr. Diokno has a knack for business.
He even sells pen to his classmates to make money. Until now that he grows old
he is still in to business. He is the Chief Executive Officer (CEO)/President of
Lamoiyan Corporation. He was elected as Director of the Philippine National
Bank (“PNB”) in February 2014. Chairman and CEO of Pneumatic Equipment
Corporation and Action Container, Inc. Director of CATS Motors, Manila Doctors
Hospital and Philippine Business for Social Progress. Independent Director of
PNB Savings Bank. Chairman of the Deaf Evangelistic Alliance Foundation, Inc.
Vice President of the Federation of Filipino-Chinese Chambers of Commerce and
Industry, Inc. Recipient of the Ten Outstanding Young Men in the field of
Business Entrepreneurship, Aurelio Periquet Award on Business Leadership,
Ateneo Sports Hall of Fame, CEO Excel Award, Ozanam Award for Service,
Entrepreneur of the Year for Social Responsibility, Ten Outstanding Manileños,
and PLDT SME Nation and Go Negosyo’s Grand MVP Bossing Award.
 2. MARIANO QUE - FOUNDER OF MERCURY DRUG STORE

Summary
When Filipinos need medication, a couple of names usually come up: Generika, The
Generics Pharmacy, Watsons, and the most well-known of them all, Mercury Drug.
Mercury Drug has been synonymous with quality pharmaceuticals and it owes its
success to one man who recently left us: its founder, the late Mariano Que. His
company may not have been the first drugstore in the country, but his pioneering spirit
behind the pharmaceutical retail industry paved the way for all the rest that followed.
Mariano Que once started as a regular employee at a drugstore located in Manila
during the prewar period. As a dedicated employee, he learned to love his job, the role it
plays in the everyday living of the Filipinos. Then came the war who took all, and
destroyed everything that there is in the busy streets of the city. The drugstore where he
used to work was also severely destructed, leaving Mariano completely jobless. When
the war was over, everything went scarce, including the medicine. Being knowledgeable
about medical prescriptions, Mariano realized that this period could be a good
opportunity for him to help others and also, improve his finances. He then started
retailing sulfa drugs, like the sulfathiazole tablets for a capital of P100. He peddled this
in the poorest streets of the city where medicine was really not available. And since his
business was retail, he sold out his items in no time. He used to peddle this items down
the streets, but when he has accumulated enough capital, he then bought a push cart or
“kariton” and sell even more medical products.
Many others has saw the potential in that retailing business, so they copied Mariano.
But instead of selling fresh and legit medicine like Mariano, other peddlers resorted to
selling fake and expired medicine. Through this, Mariano gained a respectable
reputation about selling medicine which are not yet expired. People started to trust him
more.
By the formal end of the war, in 1945 Mariano has gained enough capital to put up a
physical store which he named Mercury Drug. The Roman god Mercury carried the
caduceus symbol, which was largely associated with the medical profession. However,
despite the physical store, he still hired motorized vehicles to deliver medicines to his
valued customers. He also made his store hours 17 hours a day for the whole week,
because he believed that medication may be needed in anytime of the day. In 1952, the
stores were open 24/7, which made the drugstore become a valuable part of the
community. As a matter of fact, because of this scheme, Mercury Drug has been the go-
to medical store of the Filipino people.
In 1960, the Ayala Group of Companies offered Mariano Que a space to lease in the
shopping center that was about to be developed in the heart of Makati. Thus, the
second Mercury Drug opened, this time as a self-service pharmacy. The rest is a history
of more innovations and technological adoption of computer-guided controls and
biological refrigerators. These improvements allowed the drugstore’s expansion into
other life-saving medications. The newer branches of today are superstores as they
carry more than just medicines but other consumer products from food to household to
health and beauty items. Mercury Drugstore has been continuously expanding even
until now. And today, aside from offering medical products, Mercury Drugstore also has
been a convenience store.
More than 70 years later, Mercury Drug is still at the forefront of Philippine
pharmaceutical services, with over 1,000 stores nationwide. It’s also the first to use a
central computerized and temperature-controlled warehouse, 24-hour service, and
pharmacy counseling. In return for their customers’ unwavering loyalty, Mercury Drug
celebrates their annual anniversaries by holding a free clinic to the indigent, for which
the appropriate medications for their illnesses are likewise given for free.
Que proved to be more than just an enterprising businessman. He founded the
Mercury Drug Foundation (MDFI) as a way of giving back to Filipinos for their support
throughout the company’s 70-year existence.
 Today, MDFI helps Filipinos across the country mainly through these programs:
• Operation Bigay Lunas – free medical services and medicines to underserved
communities
• Operation Pa-Tubig – access to water for marginalized waterless communities
nationwide, done in partnership with the Philippine Business for Social Progress
• Bantay Kalusugan – free health profiling, screening, counseling, and education
activities for non-communicable diseases
• Pharmacy Scholarship – full scholarships given to third and fourth year
Pharmacy students enrolled in member schools of the Philippine Association of
Colleges of Pharmacy (PACOP).
They also give out awards of excellence for Math and Science (Gawad Talino);
search for, nurture, and train future leaders (Sagip Talento); and provide immediate
relief assistance in the form of medicines or hygiene packs.
He has also been conferred an honorary Doctor of Humanities degree by the
University of Sto. Tomas College of Medicine for his pioneering spirit behind the
pharmaceutical retail industry and his advocacy for affordable medicine and assistance
to the needy.
Apart from the honorary degree, he has also received a lot of awards, including:
• President’s Award: Plaque of Merit, Most Prestigious Drugs Manufacturer and
Distinguished Civic Leader in 1973
• Award of Distinction by the Philippine Chamber of Health and Pharmaceutical
and Non-Pharmaceutical Industry in 1986
• Father of Philippine Health and Wellness Retailing by the Philippine Retailers
Association in 2012

Characteristics

A. Patient - All great things come to those who works and waits patiently for it. This
is the quote which best fits the story of how Mariano Que became a successful
person. Starting from the bottom, he made his way up by working passionately,
and waiting for the perfect timing patiently. Let us all be inspire by the story of the
person who made the success of Mercury Drugstore.

B. Opportunity taker – Mr. Que was an employee of a drugstore prior to the war,
Que knew that Filipinos would need the “miracle” drug sulfathiazole, believed to
cure many (if not all) sorts of diseases and illnesses. He saw an opportunity to
help his countrymen by buying the bottle from a peddler in Bambang Street. He
then sold these tablets (which he knew was genuine sulfathiazole thanks to the
‘W’ on the tablets) per piece to make it more affordable. After making a profit, he
was able purchase other medicines and a pushcart so he can sell his medicines
to the public. He continued selling medicines off of his pushcart until he was able
to save enough to put up the first Mercury Drug store on March 1 along Bambang
Street.

C. Helpful - In return for their customers’ unwavering loyalty, Mercury Drug

celebrates their annual anniversaries by holding a free clinic to the indigent, for
which the appropriate medications for their illnesses are likewise given for free.
More than that, Mariano has also different efforts to help the local communities.
Some of his programs are “Bantay Kalusugan”, “Operation Bigay Lunas”,
“Operation Patubig” and “Pharmacy Scholarship Program”. More than the need
for financial success, Mariano really aimed to help the Filipino people.
FOREIGN ENTREPRENEURS

1. SARAH BREEDLOVE (MADAM C.J. WALKER)

Entrepreneur, Civil Rights Activist, Philanthropist (1867–1919)

Summary
Madam C.J. Walker was born Sarah Breedlove on December 23, 1867, on a
cotton plantation near Delta, Louisiana. Her parents, Owen and Minerva, were recently
freed slaves, and Sarah, who was their fifth child, was the first in her family to be free-
born.
Minerva Breedlove died in 1874 and Owen passed away the following year, both
due to unknown causes, leaving Sarah an orphan at the age of seven. After her parents'
passing, Sarah was sent to live with her sister, Louvinia, and her brother-in-law.
After suffering from a scalp ailment that resulted in her own hair loss, she
invented a line of African-American hair care products in 1905. She promoted her
products by traveling around the country giving lecture-demonstrations and eventually
established Madame C.J. Walker Laboratories to manufacture cosmetics and train sales
beauticians.
In 1905, Breedlove was hired as a commission agent by Annie Turnbo Malone —
a successful, black, hair-care product entrepreneur. While there, Breedlove's husband
Charles helped her create advertisements for a hair care treatment for African
Americans that she was perfecting. Her husband also encouraged her to use the more
recognizable name "Madam C.J. Walker," by which she was thereafter known.
In 1907 Walker and her husband traveled around the South and Southeast
promoting her products and giving lecture demonstrations of her "Walker Method" —
involving her own formula for pomade, brushing and the use of heated combs.
As profits continued to grow, in 1908 Walker opened a factory and a beauty
school in Pittsburgh, and by 1910, when Walker transferred her business operations to
Indianapolis, the Madam C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company had become wildly
successful, with profits that were the modern-day equivalent of several million dollars.
In Indianapolis, the company not only manufactured cosmetics but also trained
sales beauticians. These "Walker Agents" became well known throughout the black
communities of the United States. In turn, they promoted Walker's philosophy of
"cleanliness and loveliness" as a means of advancing the status of African Americans.
An innovator, Walker organized clubs and conventions for her representatives,
which recognized not only successful sales, but also philanthropic and educational
efforts among African Americans.
In 1913, Walker and Charles divorced, and she traveled throughout Latin
America and the Caribbean promoting her business and recruiting others to teach her
hair care methods. While her mother traveled, A'Lelia Walker helped facilitate the
purchase of property in Harlem, New York, recognizing that the area would be an
important base for future business operations.
In 1916, upon returning from her travels, Walker moved to her new townhouse in
Harlem. From there, she would continue to operate her business, while leaving the day-
to-day operations of her factory in Indianapolis to its forelady.
Walker quickly immersed herself in the social and political culture of the Harlem
Renaissance. She founded philanthropies that included educational scholarships and
donations to homes for the elderly, the National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People, and the National Conference on Lynching, among other organizations
focused on improving the lives of African Americans.
 She also donated the largest amount of money by an African American toward
the construction of an Indianapolis YMCA in 1913.
Walker left one-third of her estate to her daughter, A'Lelia Walker — who would
also become well-known as an important part of the Harlem Renaissance — and the
remainder to various charities. Walker's funeral took place at Villa Lewaro, and she was
buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, New York.

Characteristics

A. Perseverance – Her perseverance to cure her illness put herself to the top of the
business, becoming the first black female millionaire while helping other
countrymen who experienced the same illness as she had. “Perseverance gave
us the telegraph, telephone and wireless. It gave to the world an Abraham
Lincoln, and to a race freedom.” —Madam C.J. Walker

B. Humble – Walker's humble and devastating post-Civil War beginnings through

harsh economic and social struggles to world-wide acclaim as the first black
female millionaire. “I am not ashamed of my humble beginning. Don't think
because you have to go down in the washtub that you are any less of a lady!” —
Madam C.J. Walker

C. Hard working – “I had to make my own living and my own opportunity. But I
made it! Don’t sit down and wait for the opportunities to come. Get up and make
them.” “There is no royal flower-strewn path to success. And if there is, I have not
found it for if I have accomplished anything in life it is because I have been willing
to work hard.” —Madam C.J. Walker
 2. ANDREW CARNEGIE

Summary
Andrew Carnegie, (born November 25, 1835, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland—died
August 11, 1919, Lenox, Massachusetts, U.S.), Scottish-born American industrialist who
led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. He
was also one of the most important philanthropists of his era.
Young Andrew began work at age 12 as a bobbin boy in a cotton factory. He
quickly became enthusiastically Americanized, educating himself by reading and writing
and attending night school.
At age 14 Carnegie became a messenger in a telegraph office, where he
eventually caught the notice of Thomas Scott, a superintendent of the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company, who made Carnegie his private secretary and personal telegrapher
in 1853. Carnegie’s subsequent rise was rapid, and in 1859 he succeeded Scott as
superintendent of the railroad’s Pittsburgh division. While in this post he invested in the
Woodruff Sleeping Car Company (the original holder of the Pullman patents) and
introduced the first successful sleeping car on American railroads. He had meanwhile
begun making shrewd investments in such industrial concerns as the Keystone Bridge
Company, the Superior Rail Mill and Blast Furnaces, the Union Iron Mills, and the
Pittsburgh Locomotive Works. He also profitably invested in a Pennsylvania oilfield, and
he took several trips to Europe, selling railroad securities. By the age of 30 he had an
annual income of $50,000.
During his trips to Britain he came to meet steelmakers. Foreseeing the future
demand for iron and steel, Carnegie left the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1865 and started
managing the Keystone Bridge Company. From about 1872–73, at about age 38, he
began concentrating on steel, founding near Pittsburgh the J. Edgar Thomson Steel
Works, which would eventually evolve into the Carnegie Steel Company. In the 1870s
Carnegie’s new company built the first steel plants in the United States to use the new
Bessemer steelmaking process, borrowed from Britain. Other innovations followed,
including detailed cost- and production-accounting procedures that enabled the
company to achieve greater efficiencies than any other manufacturing industry of the
time. Any technological innovation that could reduce the cost of making steel was
speedily adopted, and in the 1890s Carnegie’s mills introduced the basic open-hearth
furnace into American steelmaking. Carnegie also obtained greater efficiency by
purchasing the coke fields and iron-ore deposits that furnished the raw materials for
steelmaking, as well as the ships and railroads that transported these supplies to his
mills. The vertical integration thus achieved was another milestone in American
manufacturing. Carnegie also recruited extremely capable subordinates to work for him,
including the administrator Henry Clay Frick, the steel master and inventor Captain Bill
Jones, and his own brother Thomas M. Carnegie.
In 1889 Carnegie’s vast holdings were consolidated into the Carnegie Steel
Company, a limited partnership that henceforth dominated the American steel industry.
In 1890 the American steel industry’s output surpassed that of Great Britain’s for the
first time, largely owing to Carnegie’s successes. The Carnegie Steel Company
continued to prosper even during the depression of 1892, which was marked by the
bloody Homestead strike. (Although Carnegie professed support for the rights of unions,
his goals of economy and efficiency may have made him favour local management at
the Homestead plant, which used Pinkerton guards to try to break the Amalgamated
Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers.)
In 1900 the profits of Carnegie Steel (which became a corporation) were
$40,000,000, of which Carnegie’s share was $25,000,000. Carnegie sold his company
to J.P. Morgan’s newly formed United States Steel Corporation for $480,000,000 in
1901. He subsequently retired and devoted himself to his philanthropic activities, which
were themselves vast.
Carnegie wrote frequently about political and social matters, and his most
famous article, “Wealth,” appearing in the June 1889 issue of the North American
Review, outlined what came to be called the Gospel of Wealth. This doctrine held that a
man who accumulates great wealth has a duty to use his surplus wealth for “the
improvement of mankind” in philanthropic causes. “A man who dies rich dies
disgraced.”

Characteristics

A. Curiosity - In the nineteenth century, Sunday was reserved for church. Saturday
night was the only time to have fun. Rather than spending his money on drinking
and dance halls, Carnegie took advantage of an offer from Colonel James
Anderson to read the 400 books in his personal library for self-improvement.

B. Intense desire - When Andrew Carnegie was a boy, his family lived in just half of
a one-room cottage in Dunfermline, Scotland. This room also contained the loom
on which they made cloth for their livelihood. Carnegie’s father, however, was not
content for them to spend their lives in poverty. He learned to weave damask, for
which there was greater demand. This allowed the Carnegies to save enough
money to make the voyage to America. When Andrew was 13 his family moved
to Allegheny, Pennsylvania. He soon got a job as a “bobbin boy” in a textile mill
paying $1.20 a week for 72 hours of work. This tough start in life gave Carnegie a
burning desire to succeed and become rise out of poverty.

C. Luck - In 1864, Carnegie invested $40,000 in Story Farm on Oil Creek in

Venango County, Pennsylvania. His driller struck oil, and within twelve months,
the 25-year-old Carnegie had collected over $1 million in royalties and other
payments. This allowed him to buy his first steel mill at a time when demand for
the metal for making railroad cars and railroad tracks was at its greatest. His
empire grew until he became one of the wealthiest persons in American history,
second only to John Rockefeller.