7/8

Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agriculture and Fishery Arts
Crop Production
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Perform Estimation and Basic
Calculation
Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7/8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 - Module 2: Perform Estimation and Basic Calculation
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Alejandro A. Rodrigo

Editor: Jose Garry R. Napoles
Reviewer: Analorgie D. Destacamento
Chito Villacampa
Elisa E. Matulac
Illustrator: Maribell J. Fuentes
Layout Artist: Maribell J. Fuentes
Management Team:
Schools Division Superintendent : Marilyn S. Andales
Assistant Schools Div. Superintendent : Leah A. Apao
: Ester A. Futalan
: Cartesa M. Perico
Chief Education Supervisor, CID : Mary Ann Flores
Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS : Isaiash T. Wagas
Education Program Supervisor, TLE : Jose Garry Napoles

Printed in the Philippines by:

Department of Education – Regional Office 7
DepEd-Division of Cebu Province
Office Address : IPHO Building, Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City, Philippines
Telefax : ((032) 520-3216 – 520-3217; SDS Office: (032) 255-6405;
ASDS: (032) 236-4628
E-mail Address : cebu.province@deped.gov.ph; depedcebuprovince@yahoo.com
 7/8
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Agriculture and Fishery Arts
Crop Production
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Perform Estimation and Basic
Calculation
 Key Message
For Educators:

Learning is a constant process. Amidst inevitable circumstances, Department of

Education extends their resources and looks for varied ways to cater your needs and to adapt
to the new system of Education as a fortress of Learning Continuity Plan. One of the probable
solutions is the use of Teacher-made Educational Modules in teaching.
You are reading the Crop Production Grade 7/8: First Quarter Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module on “Perform Estimation and Basic Calculation” as written and found in
the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.
The creation of this module is a combined effort of competent educators from different
levels and various schools of Department of Education-Cebu Province. In addition, this module
is meticulously planned, organized, checked and verified by knowledgeable educators to assist
you in imparting the lessons to the learners while considering the physical, social and
economic restraints in teaching process
The use of Teacher-made Educational Module aims to surpass the challenges of
teaching in a new normal education set-up. Through this module, the students are given
independent learning activities, which embodies in the Most Essential Learning Competencies
based from the K-12 Curriculum Competencies, to work on in accordance to their capability,
efficiency and time. Thus, helping the learners acquire the prerequisite 21 st Century skills
needed with emphasis on utmost effort in considering the whole well-being of the learners.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher!

This part of the module gives you helpful tips,

suggestions or strategies that will make the learning
process easy and efficient to the learners.

As the main source of learning, it is your top priority to explain clearly on how to use
this module to the learners. While using this module, learner’s progress and development
should be recorded verbatim to assess their strengths and weaknesses while doing the
activities presented independently in safety of their homes. Moreover, you are anticipated to
persuade learners .to comply and to finish the modules on or before the scheduled time.

For the Learners:

As a significant stakeholder of learning, Department of Education researched and
explored on innovative ways to address your needs with high consideration on social,
economic, physical and emotional aspects of your well-being. To continue the learning
process, DepEd comes up with an Alternative Delivery mode of teaching using Teacher-Made
Educational Modules.
 You are reading the Crop Production Grade 7/8: First Quarter week 2 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “Perform Estimation and Basic Calculation” as written
and found in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.

This module is especially crafted for you to grasp the opportunity to continue learning
even at home. Using guided and independent learning activities, rest assured that you will be
able to take pleasure as well as to deeply understand the contents of the lesson presented;
recognizing your own capacity and capability in acquiring knowledge.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References Printed in this part is a list of all
reliable and valid resources used in
crafting and designing this module.
In using this module, keep note of the fundamental reminders below.
1. The module is government owned. Handle it with care. Unnecessary marks
are prohibited. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering all the given
exercises.
2. This module is organized according to the level of understanding. Skipping
one part of this module may lead you to confusion and misinterpretation.
3. The instructions are carefully laden for you to understand the given lessons.
Read each item cautiously.
4. This is a Home-Based class, your reliability and honour in doing the tasks
and checking your answers are a must.
5. This module helps you attain and learn lessons at home. Make sure to
clearly comprehend the first activity before proceeding to the next one.
6. This module should be returned in good condition to your teacher/facilitator
once you completed it.
7. Answers should be written on a separate sheet of paper or notebook
especially prepared for TLE subject.

If you wish to talk to your teacher/educator, do not hesitate to keep in touch with him/her
for further discussion. Know that even if this is a home-based class, your teacher is only a call
away. Good communication between the teacher and the student is our priority to flourish your
understanding on the given lesson.
We do hope that in using this material, you will gain ample knowledge and skills for you to
be fully equipped and ready to answer the demands of the globally competitive world. We are
confident in you! Keep soaring high
 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Good day, dear learner!

This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted in your
grade level. The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit your level of
understanding. Indeed, this learning resource is for you to fully comprehend the “Perform
Estimation and Basic Calculation” independently, you are going to go through this module
following its proper sequence. Although you are going to do it alone, this is a guided lesson
and instructions/directions on how to do every activity is plotted for your convenience.

Using this learning resource, you are ought to “Perform Estimation and Basic
Calculation” as inculcated in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies.

This module is composed of information sheets for you to be guided in the activities
that you will perform later on.

At the end of this module, you are expected to achieve the following objectives for this
session:

Perform estimation;
Perform basic calculation

WHAT I KNOW

A. Directions: Kindly identify the following. Write your answer in the space provided.
1. _____________ chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its fertility.
2. _____________ refers to the resources that are used in farm production.
3. _____________ to till or dig-up, mix, and overturn the soil.
4. _____________ to break the soil clods into smaller mass and incorporate plant residue.
5. _____________ are substances used to kill insects.
6. _____________ is the regulation or management of a species defined as a pest.
7. _____________ the practice of supplying land with water so that crops and plants will grow.
8. _____________ is a mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another
solvent.
9. _____________ the activity of picking and collecting crops, plants or fish to eat.
10. ____________ is an important control method practiced in many crops.

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B. Directions: Convert the following.
1. 1000 m = ______ km
2. 12 inches = ______ ft
3. 1meter = ______ cm
4. 100 cm = ______ m
5. 1 km = ______ m
6. 1 inch = ______ cm
7. 1 meter = ______ inches
8. 1 cm = ______ mm
9. 1 hectare = ______ square meter
10. 1 meter = ______ feet

WHAT’S IN
Directions: Based on the previous lesson, name some hand tools and its corresponding
use/function in farming.
Hand Tools Uses/Function
1.
2.
3.

2
 WHAT’S NEW
FARMING IS NICE!!!
Have you visited a farm? What have you noticed? What are the common activities can
you identify that the farmers do? Give action words that best describe farming starting with the
letter found in the word farm. The first one is done for you.
F- fertilizing crops
A-
R-
M-

WHAT IS IT
FARM INPUTS
Farm inputs refers to the resources that are used in farm production such as fertilizers,
insecticides and seeds.
Fertilizers – chemical or natural substance added to soil or land to increase its fertility.
Insecticide – substances used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used
against insect eggs and larvae, respectively.

Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module.

3
 Seeds – an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering. The formation of
the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed plants. Vegetables seeds may
vary in size and variety depending on its classification.

LABOR REQUIREMENTS IN FARMING

A. LAND PREPARATION
Land preparation is important to ensure that the field is ready for planting. It typically
involves plowing, harrowing and levelling the field.
Plowing – to till or dig-up, mix, and overturn the soil.
Harrowing – to break the soil clods into smaller mass and incorporate plant residue.

B. PLANTING
The activity of putting plants into the ground or into a container of soil so that they will
grow is called planting. It involves the pulling of seedlings as well as transplanting.
C. PLANT CARE
An activity that is needed to improve the quality and physical appearance of a plant is
called plant care. The new plant needs to be watered and given plenty of light as it grows. It
involves fertilizer application, pest control and irrigation.
Fertilizer application – is the supplemental application of plant nutrients to plants to
augment the supply from natural sources.
Pest control – is the regulation or management of a species defined as a pest, a
member of the animal kingdom that impacts adversely on human activities.
Irrigation – the practice of supplying land with water so that crops and plants will grow.

D. WEEDING
Weeding is an important control method practiced in many crops. The removal of weeds
is useful because these unwanted plants compete with the crop for space, water and nutrients.

E. HARVESTING
Harvesting is the activity of picking and collecting crops, animals or fish to eat. Harvesting
of plants or crops ca be done manually or with the use of a machine.

F. DRYING
Drying is a mass transfer process consisting of the removal of water or another solvent by
evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid. This process is often used as a final production
step before selling or packaging products.

G. STORING
To keep materials/products/harvested crops in a special place for use in the future is called
storing. Harvested/milled rice and corn can be stored in a safe storage facility to prevent loss
or damage.

Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module.

4
 PERFORM CALCULATION
It is important to measure and calculate surface areas because it has many practical
applications in everyday life.
Most common surface areas are triangle, square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram,
trapezium and circle.
TRIANGLE

The surface area of a triangle is calculated by the following formula:

Area= 0.5 x base x height

height

base
Triangles can have many shapes but the same formula is used for all of them.
PROBLEM:
Calculate the surface area of the triangle.
Given: Solution:
base = 7 cm Formula: A = 0.5 x base x height
height = 8 cm = 0.5 x 7 cm x 8 cm
= 0.5 x 56 cm2
= 28 cm2
SQUARE AND RECTANGLE
The surface area of a square or a rectangle is calculated by the following formula:
Area (square or rectangle) = length x width

Square Rectangle

Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module.

5
 In a square the lengths of all four sides are equal and all four angles are right angles.
In a rectangle, the lengths of the opposite sides are equal and all four angles are right angles.
Note that in a square the length and width are equal and that in rectangle the length
and width are not equal.

PROBLEM
Calculate the surface areas of the square and of the rectangle.
Given: Solution:
Square: length = 4 cm Formula: A = length x width
width = 4 cm = 4 cm x 4 cm
= 16 cm2
Rectangle: length = 8 cm Formula: A = length x width
Width = 4 cm = 8 cm x 4 cm
= 32 cm2
RHOMBUS AND PARALLELOGRAM
The surface area of a rhombus or a parallelogram is calculated by the following
formula:
Area (rhombus or parallelogram) = base x height

height height

rhombus parallelogram
In rhombus, the length of all four sides are equal; none of the angles are right angles;
opposite sides run parallel.
In a parallelogram, the lengths of the opposite sides are equal; none of the angles are
right angles; opposite sides run parallel.
PROBLEM:

Calculate the surface areas of the rhombus and the parallelogram.

Given: Solution:
Rhombus: base = 4 cm Formula: A = base x height
height = 3 cm = 4 cm x 3 cm
= 12 cm2
Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module.

6
Parallelogram: base = 6 cm Formula: A = base x height
height = 5 cm = 6 cm x 5 cm
= 30 cm2
TRAPEZIUM
The surface area of a trapezium is calculated by the following formula:

Area = 0.5 (base + top) x height

top

height

base
The top is the side opposite and to the base. In a trapezium, only the base and the
top run parallel.
PROBLEM:
Calculate the surface area of trapezium.
Given: Solution:
base = 10 cm Formula: A = 0.5 ( base + top) x height
top = 6 cm = 0.5 (10 cm + 6 cm) x 5 cm
height = 5 cm = 0.5 (16 cm) x 5 cm
= 8 cm x 5 cm
= 40 cm2
CIRCLE
The surface area of a circle is calculated by the following formula:

Area = ¼ (π x d x d)
Where: π = 3.14

diameter = d

A diameter (d) is a straight line which divides the circle in two equal parts.
Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module.

7
PROBLEM
Calculate the surface area of a circle with a diameter of 3 m.
Given: Solution:

d=3m Formula: A = ¼ (π x d x d)
= ¼ (3.14 x 3 m x 3 m)
= 7.07m2
DETERMINATION OF THE SURFACE AREA OF A FARM
It may be necessary to determine the surface area of a farmer’s field. For example,
when calculating how many vegetable seedlings that will be needed to a certain field, the size
of the field must be known. Also, when the field is a regular shape (rectangle or square),
calculation of the area is quite simple.
Field of regular shape.

Proposed Vegetable Planting Site

EXAMPLE
Given: Solution:
length of the field = 40 m Formula: A = length x width
width of the field = 30 m = 40 m x 30 m
= 1,200 m2
QUESTION:
What is the area of the same field, expressed in hectares?
ANSWER:
A hectare is equal to 10,000 square meter. Thus, the formula to calculate the surface
area in hectares is:

Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module.

8
 Area = surface area in square meter/10,000
= 1,200 square meters/10,000
= 0.12 hectare
Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

COMPLETE ME. In performing estimations or calculations, the cost of inputs needed in

producing crops would include seeds,__________, ___________, __________, and etc.

WHAT I CAN DO

FILL ME UP. Estimate the cost of growing a one-hectare corn. Present it on the prescribed
table below.
Cost
Labor
Farm No. (price)
Cost Per No. of TOTAL
Activities of Quantity per
day Application (PESOS)
/Material Worker Quantity
(PESOS)
(PESOS)

Disclaimer: The contents and the set of pictures above are borrowed from the online sources. Department of Education does not claim or
own the presented contents and set of pictures. Links for the sources are found in the reference part of the module

9
 ASSESSMENT

A. Directions: Enumerate the answers of the following questions:

Give at least (3) examples of farm inputs
1.
2
3.
Enumerate (5) farm activities that require labor force
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
B. Directions: Convert the following:
1. 16 meters = _________ cm 6. 8 feet = _________inches
2. 16 feet = _________ meters 7. 125 cm = _________ meters
3. 26 inches = _________ feet 8. 0.15 ha. = _________ square meter
4. 2.5 km = _________meters 9. 22,000 sq.m. =_________ hectare
5. 5 meters = _________ cm 10. 50 inches =_________ meters

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 11
ASSESSMENT ASSESSMENT WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
B.
1. 1,600 cm A. Seeds,
2. 4.88 meters
Vegetable seeds Fertilizers,
3. 2.2 feet
Fertilizer
4. 2,500 meters Pesticides,
Insecticide
5. 500 cm
6. 96 inches Insecticides
7. 1.25 meters Land preparation
8. 1,500 square meters Planting
9. 2.2 hectares Plant care
10. 1.27 meters Weeding
Harvesting
WHAT’S IN, WHAT’S NEW, , WHAT I KNOW WHAT I KNOW
WHAT I CAN DO B. A.
1. 1 km 1. Fertilizers
Answers vary (use RUBRICS 2. 1 km 2. Farm inputs
for checking outputs). 3. 100 cm 3. Plowing
4. Harrowing
4. 1 meter
5. Insecticide
5. 1000 meters
6. Pest Control
6. 2.54 cm 7. Irrigation
7. 39.37 inches 8. Drying
8. 10 mm 9. Harvesting
9. 10,000 square meters 10.. Weeding
10. 3.28 feet
ANSWER KEYS
REFERENCES:
A. Printed Materials

Department of Education. Agricultural Crop Production and Horticulture Modules.

B. Online Sources
http://www.environmentdata.org/archive/vocabpref:19893
https://www.google.com/search?q=meaning+of+fertilizers&rlz=1C1GGRV_enPH913PH913&
oq=meaning+of+fertilizers&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l7.22848j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com/search?q=meaning+of+insecticide&rlz=1C1GGRV_enPH913PH913
&oq=meaning+of+insecticide&aqs=chrome.0.69i59j0l7.22874j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UT
F-8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed
https://www.google.com/search?q=meaning+of+land+preparation&rlz=1C1GGRV_enPH913
PH913&oq=meaning+of+land+preparation&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l7.16701j1j7&sourceid=chr
ome&ie=UTF-8
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/planting
https://www.google.com/search?q=plant+care+define&rlz=1C1GGRV_enPH913PH913&oq=
plant+care+define&aqs=chrome..69i57.8117j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com/search?q=importance+of+weeding&rlz=1C1GGRV_enPH913PH91
3&oq=importance+of+weeding&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l7.12995j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UT
F-8
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/harvesting
https://www.definitions.net/definition/drying

12
For inquiries or feedback write or call:
Department of Education – Regional Office 7
DepEd-Division of Cebu Province

Office Address: Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City

Telefax: (032) 256-6405: (032) 255-4401
E-mail Address: depedcebu@deped.ph