Environmental Design

Urban professions
Lesson 4 - Part 1:
- Architecture
- Urban and Regional Planning

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Architecture
(Definition)

Architecture is the
art and science of
designing and
constructing
buildings and their
interior spaces.

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Architecture
(History)

1st Shelter - Tent (30,000 BC) Then… Sumerian & Pharaonic

civilizations (5000 BC - 4000 BC)

Then…
Greek civilization (700 BC)
Then…
Then… Circular Buildings (8,000 BC) Roman Civilization (200 BC)
Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani
 Architecture
(History) Continue…

Then… Then…
Roman Civilization (200 BC) Islamic Civilization (600 AD)

- Vitruvius and his books “De Architectura” Then… Middle Ages (800-1200 AD)

- 3 Elements: Arch, Vault and Dome Then… Renaissance (1300-1600)

Then… Industrial Rev. (1750)
- Reinforced Concete (1850)
- Construction Tech.

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Architecture
(Types of Projects)

Hospitals Religious Buildings

Schools Homes
Universities
Shopping Centers
Industrial Buildings Sport Buildings
Resorts
Residential Projects
Recreation Buildings

and much more…

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani
 Architecture
(Scales of Work)

From: Single Room/space … To: large buildings, skyscrapers, hospitals, airports …

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Architecture
(Design Stages)

Inventory
Project Functional Working
Base Map & Program Design Design
Accept. Relations Drawings
Analysis Concept

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Architecture
(Clients type/communication)
 Private Sector:
Types of Clients: -
-
Landscape Architecture firms…
Architecture firms…
- Engineering & Construction firms…
- Investment & Development firms,
-Private Sector - Consultation firms
-Public Sector (third-party-users) - Planning firms.
- Research Centers.
-Who approach first?
-Understanding and healthy relations
 Public Sectors:
- Ministries…
- Municipalities…
- Transportation…
- Environmental…
- Planning…
- Educational…
- Research Centers…
Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani
 Architecture
(Needed Skills)

Some Needed Basic Skills:

-Appreciating engineering sciences

- Ideas conceptualization and realization

- Communication skills
- Graphical: (Free-hand & Computer)
- Verbal

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Architecture

- Short Video Clips :

Green Ninga
Green Buildings

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Urban & Regional Planning
(‫)اﻟﺘﺨﻄﯿﻂ اﳊﴬي وا ٕﻻﻗﻠﳰﻲ‬

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Urban & Regional Planning
(Definition of Planning)

• What is Planning (in general)… ?

It is to work out in advance how
something is to be done or
organized.

• Planning is like a map.

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistaniv

 Urban & Regional Planning
(Definition of Urban Planning)

•What is Urban and Regional

Planning?

It is the science and art of organizing

and policy-making of land uses,
Buildings and transportation over a
medium/long-term (5-20 years or
more and) and over a large area to
provide the best possible economy,
comfort, and beauty.
Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani
 Urban & Regional Planning
(History)

•Old:
- Mesopotamia

- Egypt

•Recent:
- Industrial Revolution (1750 to 1850):

- Urban Planning 1890s •The worker's settelment at ancient town of

Kahun, near Giza.
- 1909: 1st Academic Program Source: Raymnd Unwin,"Town Planning in Practice"

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Urban & Regional Planning
(Scales of Work)

•From: Land Parcel scale … To: National Scale…

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Urban & Regional Planning
(Specialization)

Urban & Regional Planning concerns a wide range of

aspects including…

- Land use - Suburbanization

- Urban growth - Transportation
- Urban decay & renewal - Development plans
- Slums
- Utilities
- Facilities
Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani
 Urban & Regional Planning
(Clients)

•Types of Clients:  Public Sectors:

-Public Sector (Mostly)
-Private Sector
- Ministries…
- Municipalities…
- Transportation…
- Environmental…
- Planning…
- Educational…
- Research Centers…
 Private Sector:
• - Urban Planning firms
- Real Estate firms
- Investment & Development firms,
- Consultation firms
- Research Centers

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani

 Urban & Regional Planning
(Needed Skills)

•Some Needed Basic Skills:

-Appreciating engineering, Economy and Statistics.

- Ability to interrelate between multifaceted urban living aspects .

-Ability to prepare mid-term and long-term plans

-Understanding and implementing laws and regulations

- Communication skills
- Graphical: (Free-hand & Computer)
- Verbal

Prepared by Dr. Farouk Daghistani