TA class (09/04/2021)

Exercise 1: Let’s study a quantity of air:

 p1  1.2bar 
   p1  1.55bar 
t1  35 C  (273  35) K  308 K   
0

  2 t  550
C  328 K 
V
 1  120 l  0.12 m 3

Find Q, W, U

Polytropic:

p1V1n  p2V2n

mRT1 n mRT2 n
 p1 ( )  p2 ( )
p1 p2

 p11 nT1n  p12 nT2n

T 
ln  2 
1 n T
   1
n p 
ln  1 
 p2 
1 n
  0.245
n
 n  1.326

 p1  1, 2.105 ( N / m2 ) 
 
V1  0.12(m )
3

p1V1  mRT1    
R  8314 J
  
 29  kg.K  
 
T1  (35  273) K 
p 1V1
m  0.163(kg )
RT1
Work:
 p2V2  p1V1 mR (T2  T1 )
W   2.866896(kJ )
1 n 1 n
Comment: Work is done on the system (W < 0)

Heat:

 m  0.163(kg ) 
 
 5  kcal  
n  C 
Q  mCv T  v 29  kg.K  
n 1  
 n  1.326 
 T  20 K 
 
= -0.12758(kcal)

= -0.5332(kJ)

Comment: Heat is removed form the system (Q < 0)

Internal energy:

U  mCv T  0.5620689(kcal )  2.349(kJ )

Comment: Temperature is increasing

Exercise 2: Let’s study a mixture consisting of CO2 , N 2 and O2 :

g co2  0.3, g N2  0.45, g O2  0.25

 p1  1.2bar 
  V1  150l 
V 1  100l    
t  300 C  303K   t1  80 0
C  353 K 
1 
Find Q, W, U

p1V1n  p2V2n

mRT1 n mRT2 n
 V1  V2
V1 V2

 T1.V1n 1  T2 .V2n 1

 T1 V2n 1
 
T2 V1n 1

T 
ln  2 
T
 n  1   1   0.3767
V 
ln  1 
 V2 
 n  0.6233
Work:

p1V2
mR(T2  T1 ) RT R (T2  T1 )
W   5.256697(kJ )
1 n 1 n
Comment: Work is done by the system (W > 0)
We have:

Cp

Cv

9 7 7 1609  kcal 
C p   g i C pi  0.3  0.45  0.25   
44 28 32 7040  kg.K 
7 5 5 8237  kcal 
Cv   g i Cvi  0.3  0.45  0.25   
44 28 32 49280  kg.K 

So:

Cp
  1.367
Cv

Heat:

n 
Q  mCv  T  2.559945443(kcal )  10.70057(kJ )
n 1
Comment: Heat is applied to the system (Q > 0)

Internal energy:

U  mCv T  1.296667(kcal )  5.420069(kJ )

Comment: Temperature is increasing
Exercise 3: Let’s study a vessel containing R134a has V=10l, t1=300C, m= 0.5
p ,t ,Q ?
kg, State 2: Dry saturated vapor. Determine: 2 2

At t1  30 C  p1  7.7006(bar )
0

vg  0.0265(m3 / kg )
=>

V 0.01  m3 
v   0.02  
m 0.5  kg 
v f  v  vg  Wet  saturated vapor
v  vf0.02  0.8417.10 3
x   0.74667066
vg  v f 0.0265  0.8417.10 3

q  du  pdv
 Q  m(U 2  U1 )
 U1  (1  x)U f  xU g
 U1  (1  0.746670668)90.84  (0.746670668)243.1  204.528(kJ / kg )
We have the volume is constant:

t2  400 C 
 v1  v2  0.02(m / kg )  
3

 p2  10.164(bar ) 
We can get the value of the pressure in the table because it is in the saturation process

We also have at state 2. It’s dry-saturated vapor:

 U 2  U g  248.06( kJ / kg )

 Q  m(U 2  U1 )  0.5(248.06  204.528)  21.766(kJ )

Comment: Heat is applied to the system (Q > 0)

Exercise on Tuesday, 11/5/2021:

Exercise 1: Let study moist air at t = 300C. pws ?
pws  0.04246(bar )
According to table A-2 =>
  kg of water vapor 
  0.02  
 kg of ma  . H?
Exercise 2: Let study moist air at t = 300C,

H  1.006t   (2500.77  1.84t )  81.2994

Which is approximately the following formula:

H  1.0048t   (2500  1.806t )

Exercise 3: Let study moist air at t = 350C,  =70% . Dew point?

tD1  280 C
According to the psychrometric chart =>

 kg of water vapor 
  0.02  
 kg of ma  . Determine the wet
Exercise 4: Let study moist air at t = 320C,
bulb temp corresponding to moist air at state 1.

t wbA  26.50 C 

 
t  250
C 
According to the psychrometric chart =>  1 D

t  twbA  tdB
Comment: D1