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Design Project
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GROUP 17

Presentation is carried out by

Anju PS (8)
Sanjay P(50)
Vivek VV(62)
Nabeel Aboobacker(38)

Under the guidance of

Vishnu Rach KR
Assistant Professor/Department of EEE/VAST

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List of products

1. Microphone
2. Air purifier
3. Air conditioner
4. Incandescent bulb

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PRODUCT 1

Microphone
-ANJU PS

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Objective

 To convert sound waves into electrical energy variations which may then
be amplified, transmitted, or recorded.

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Working principle

 The sound waves created by your voice

carry energy toward the microphone.

 When the sound waves hit it, the diaphragm

moves back and forth along with the coil
attached to it.

 Then the permanent magnet produces a

magnetic field that cuts through the coil.

 As the coil moves back and forth through

the magnetic field, an electric current flows
through it.

Fig.1.Dynamic Microphone  Then this electric current flows out from the
microphone to an amplifier or sound
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Classifications

 Condenser: High-fidelity, detailed sound with lots of clean high

frequencies. Popular for studio vocals, stage vocals, acoustic instruments
and cymbals.
 Dynamic: Good sound quality, rugged. Popular for guitar amps and drums.
 Ribbon: Warm, smooth sound quality, delicate and are popular for horns
and guitar amps

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Advantages

 Rugged and able to handle high sound pressure levels

 Provide good sound quality in all areas of microphone performance
 They are relatively cheap
 Simple construction
 They don't require external supply
 Dynamic microphones are also scalable and can be built in various sizes.

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Disadvantages

 Heavy microphone diaphragm and wire coil limits the movement of the
assembly, which in turn restricts the frequency and transient response of
the microphone
 Generally not as suitable as condenser microphones for recording
instruments with higher frequencies, such as a violin
 Reduced accuracy compared to the other types.
 Overall efficiency of a dynamic microphone remains lower compared to
other types of microphones
 The output current of a dynamic microphone is very low, and so it requires
a lot of amplification

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PRODUCT 2

Air purifier
-Sanjay p

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Objective

 To remove contaminants from the surrounding air

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Working principle

Fig.2-Purification Process
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 Air filters in the Air purifiers utilize fine sieves that filter
particles from circulating air finer
 Filters remove smaller allergens like dust, smoke,
chemicals etc.
 The more times the air passes through the filter, the
cleaner the air becomes.
 The active system in Air Purifiers is known as the
Plasma cluster Ion technology. This technology works
in a form closest to how nature cleans the outdoor air
by emitting both positive and negative Ions.
 The ions eliminate all gasses, toxins and harmful illness
spreading biological carriers. The technology also
moistens and hydrates your skin.
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Classification

 High efficiency particulate air technology (HPEV)

 Activate carbon technology
 UV technology
 Negative ion
 Ozone

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Advantages

 Can render 99.9% of air dust free

 Helps to get rid of all particles that causes allergies or asthma
 It prevents hazards of fire from heating equipment
 Effective in eliminating bad odour and harmful gases from air
 Smart purifier has friendly user interface that indicate when to
change the filter

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Disadvantages

 Air purifiers that are good at eliminating dust are not

that precise in getting rid of bad odour and vice versa
 Some air filters releases excess amount of ions in air and
ozone gases that can be harmful
 Have high maintenance
 High cost

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PRODUCT 3

Air conditioner

-Vivek VV

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Objective

 To be able to control the humidity, ventilation, and temperature in a

building or vehicle, typically to maintain a cool atmosphere in warm
conditions.

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Fig.3-Air conditioning process

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Classifications

 Window AC
 Split AC
 Central AC
 Ceiling AC
 Ductless AC

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Advantages

 Increased comfort level

 Gives constant temperature throughout
 Simple control
 Easy maintenance
 Easy installation
 Reduces the humidity level
 Prevents the dust entering the room

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Disadvantages

 Use a substantial amount of energy

 High cost
 Habitat spending time indoors instead of out
 Encourage laziness
 Cold temperature will lead to improper blood
circulation
 Effects the environment by releasing CFC’s

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PRODUCT 4

Electric Bulb
-Nabeel Aboobacker

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Objective

 To be able to produce visible light from electric current

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Elements of bulb

 Glass bulb : Protect the inner components and block

infrared or Ultra violet light. It's made from Quartz glass
 Tungsten filament : This is the filament that produce heat
and light. It's has more resistance because it's thin.
 Contact Wire : This contact wire that connect to live and
neutral that complete one loop to light up the bulb.
 Stem : It's a glass mold that holds the contact wire and
supports wire.
 Support wire : This will support the tungsten filament. If the
filament is not in fixed place or fall off. The bulb will not light
Fig.4-Parts of bulb up.

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Classifications

Incandescent light bulbs come in three flavors:

 The General Service, the Reflectorized, and the Halogen
 General service (A), or basic incandescent, are the General, the Globe,
and the Decorative.
 Reflectorized incandescent light bulbs are internally coated with a
reflective substance.
 Halogen lights are superior to any other kind of incandescent light bulb.
They produce a brighter light per watt than the standard bulb and have a
longer life.

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Advantages

 It is less expensive due to lower initial cost

 It is easy to install.
 It can be dimmed or controlled.
 It produces warmer color compare to fluorescent and tungsten-
halogen lamps.
 Cheap to produce
 No toxic elements such as mercury, toxic alloys etc are released to
atmosphere

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Disadvantages

 It is very fragile and hence needs to be handled very carefully.

 Warm source
 It has very short lamp life time i.e. about 1000 hours typically.
 Consumes high power
 Not used as street lights as the luminous intensity is very lower than
CFL or LED
 Involves many parts to assemble
 It has higher operating cost

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References

 Google images
 Wikipedia
 Quora

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