Physics: Grade 2, Semester 1

General Law of Gravitation

Weeks: Week 01 - Week 02
PH.2.01:
Use Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation when considering effects of gravity far
from the Earth's surface, or near other planets
Concepts Skills

•1. Newton's Law of Universal •1. Determine the gravitational force

Gravitation
•2. Gravitation constant.
•3. Gravitational field
•4. Field Force
•5. Inverse square law
•6. Launching velocity of satellites.
•7. Orbital velocity of satellites.
between any two bodies - both celestial
or earthly
•2. Deduce the factors affect the
gravitational field intensity at a point.
•3. Use universal gravitation to explain
why g near earth is 98m/s^2
•4. Calculate the ratio between the
gravitational field strength on two
different planets
•5. Calculate the escape velocity for
different planets
•6. Calculate the orbital velocity of
satellite at a certain height.
•7. Compare the free fall acceleration
on Earth and on the Moon

Essential Question(s): •On what planet in the solar system would you weigh the most
and what ramifications does this have for human colonies on that planet?
•What velocity must a satellite have to be in a geosynchronous orbit 100 km above the
Earth's surface?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.

Textbook and Resource Materials:

Holt Physics page: 242, 246, 247, & 253
Evidence of Learning:
BA1: Holt Physics page: 242
BA1: 1-3
ST1: Holt Physics page: 246
ST1: 1, 2

Capstone Connection:
apply gravity to water treatment processes

SEC Topic:
gravity, Earth, planets, gravitational field
Electric Fields and Forces
Weeks: Week 03 - Week 04
PH.2.02:
Use concept of a field to analyze the similarities and differences between electrostatic
and gravitational forces via Coulomb's Law and Newtons' Gravitational Law.
Concepts Skills

•1. Static electricity •1. Explain the repulsion and attraction

•2. Coulomb's Law force between two charges
•3. Electric Field •2. Explain methods of electrification
•4. Conservation of electric charge. •3. Identify the type of accumulated
•5. Repulsion and attraction of electric electric charge on an object by using
charges. electroscope.
•6. Methods of electrification •4. Compare electrostatic force between
•7. Electroscope two objects to the gravitational force
•8. Field Lines between them
•5. Determine direction of total
electrostatic force on a charge in
presence of other charges using vector
addition
•6. Determine direction of total
electrostatic field at a point in space in
presence of electric charges using
vector addition
•7. Qualitatively describe electric field
near a dipole
•8. Draw field lines near a charge
distribution
•9. determine where (if any) field-free
regions exist near a charge distribution

Essential Question(s): •How does gravitational force betwen electron and proton in a
hydrogen atom compare to the electrostatic force?
•How do lightning rods protect structures? Was the great pyramid a giant lightning rod?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.
Textbook and Resource Materials:
R: Holt Physics page: 666
BA1: Holt Physics page: 650
BA2: Holt Physics page: 655
BA3: Holt Physics page: 659
BA4: Holt Physics page: 662

ST1: Holt Physics page: 656

ST2: Holt Physics page:663
Evidence of Learning:
R: Q2
BA1: Q: 1-6
BA2: Q 1-4
BA3: Q: 1,2
BA4: Practice D

ST1: Q 5
ST2: Q 7

Capstone Connection:
Draw connections between circuit diagrams and water flow in plumbing models

SEC Topic:
field, gravity, Coulomb's Law, Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Direct Current Circuits
Weeks: Week 05 - Week 06
PH.2.03:
Use the concepts of electric potential energy and voltage to analyze the flow of current
through conductors and resistors
Concepts Skills

•1. Dynamic electricity •1. Explain the required conditions for

•2. Electric current
•3. Current density
•4. Potential difference & voltage
•5. Electrical resistors
•6. Electromotive force (emf)
•7. Resistivity & conductivity
•8. Ohm's law
•9. Ohmic vs. non-Ohmic materials.
•10. Superconductors
•11. Electric energy and power
continuous flow of electric charge.
•2. Measure some physical quantities as
voltage, current intensity and ohmic
resistance of a conductor.
•3. Verify Ohm’s law practically and
draw V-I graph
•4. Use the previous graph to find the
EMF of the cell
•5. Solve physics problems that require
use of Ohm's law
•6. Differentiate between Ohmic and
non-Ohmic materials
•7. Give some examples of
superconductor applications
•8. Understand how length and cross-
sectional area of a wire affects
resistance

Essential Question(s): How dangerous is it to touch a live wire at 220 volts? And how
does this compare to 5000 Volts?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.

Textbook and Resource Materials:

R: Holt Physics page: 601
BA1: Holt Physics page: 599
ST: Holt Physics page: 601
Evidence of Learning:
R: Q 2-4
BA: Q 1-3
ST: Q 11, 12

Capstone Connection:
Apply ohmic properties to water purity measurement
SEC Topic:
electrical potential energy, voltage, current, resistance, conductors
Weeks: Week 06 - Week 07
PH.2.04:
Analyze DC circuits with simple resistive elements (i.e. ohmic devices)
Concepts Skills

•1. Connections of resistors (series &
parallel)
•2. Kirchhoff’s current law
•3. Kirchhoff’s voltage law
•4. internal resistance
•5. terminal voltage
•1. Determine the net resistance of
series and parallel combinations of
resistors in a DC circuit
•2. Analyze a DC circuit containing
only series and/or parallel resistors to
predict current, power and voltage
through all devices
•3. Design an electric circuit to obtain
the largest value and smallest value of
combination of the group of resistors.
•4. Use Kirchhoff’s Laws to solve for
current, voltage, power in a multi-loop
circuit

Essential Question(s): •How would you design a string of 100 street lights so that if
one bulb burns out the others stay lit? Is this the most efficient way to do this in terms of
electrical energy usage?
•How are electrical devices connected in a home & why?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.

Textbook and Resource Materials:

R: Holt Physics page 586, 587
BA1: Holt Physics page: 566
BA2: page: 575
ST: Holt Physics page: 563

Evidence of Learning:
R: Q 1-6
BA1: Q 1-3
BA2: Q 1-3
ST: Q 2, 5 &6

Capstone Connection:
Apply electric fields and forces to water treatment

SEC Topic:
DC circuits, current, resistance
Weeks: Week 07 - Week 08
PH.2.05:
Apply the concept of power to analyze energy transfer in DC circuits.
Concepts Skills

•1. Power dissipation in resistive •1. Determine total power requirements

circuits of power supplies in basic DC circuits
•2. Power ratings for home electronic •2. Understand connectin between
devices power dissipation and resistance in
•3. Protection from power surges ohmic materials
•3. Design simple circuits that
maximize or minimize power
dissipation.

Essential Question(s): •How can you estimate the electrical energy needs for a family
of 4 living in a 3-bedroom house?
•How and why would you protect this same house with circuit breakers?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.

Textbook and Resource Materials:

BA1: Holt Physics page: 700
ST1: Holt Physics page: 701

Evidence of Learning:
BA1: Q 1-7
ST1: 8-14

Capstone Connection:
Building electric circuits for water purification.

SEC Topic:
power, energy transfer, DC circuits
Capacitors & Inductors
Weeks: Week 09 - Week 10
PH.2.06:
Analyze the effects on time dependence and energy storage due to simple capacitive
elements in DC circuits.
Concepts Skills

•1. Capacitor charging and discharging
•2. Energy storage
•3. Charge separation
•4. Time constant
•5. Exponential charge/discharge
•1. Use the fact that capacitance
increases with size of surface, but
decreases with increasing separation to
explain why capacitors in parallel
•2. Use the fact that capacitance
increases with size of surface, but
decreases with increasing separation to
explain why capacitors in series add
reciprocally.
•3. Calculate charge and voltage across
capacitors in DC circuits once
equilibrium is reached
•4. Measure i-v characteristics of
capacitor in DC circuit
•5. Measure and predict time constants
in simple RC circuits
•6. Calculate the energy stored in the
electric field inside a fully charged
capacitor

Essential Question(s): •How much charge needs to be present in a storm cloud in order
for lightning to strike earth?
•How large a capacitor is needed for a family to store enough electrical energy for one
day?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.
Textbook and Resource Materials:
R1: Holt Physics page: 682
R2: Holt Physics page: 695
R3: Active Physics page: 784

BA1: Holt Physics page: 686

BA2: Holt Physics page: 695
BA3: Active Physics page: 785

ST1: Holt Physics page: 682

ST2: Holt Physics page: 686
ST3: Holt Physics page: 695

Evidence of Learning:
R1: Q1
R2: Q 1, 2, 5, 6
R3: Q 1, 3, 5

BA1: Q 2,3
BA2: Q 3, 4, 7, 8
BA3: Q 9, 10

ST1: Q 4, 5
ST2: Q 4
ST3: Q 9 – 13

Capstone Connection:
Compare and contrast traditional generator operation to other forms of alternative
energy conversion

SEC Topic:
capacitance, time constant, energy storage
Weeks: Week 11 - Week 12
PH.2.07:
Analyze the effects on time dependence and energy storage due to simple inductive
elements in DC circuits.
Concepts Skills

•1. Inductor •1. Use the fact that inductors act like
•2. Lenz's Law resistors once current begins flowing to
•3. Back emf why inductors in series add and
•4. Inductor charging and discharging inductors in parallel add reciprocally
•5. Energy storage •2. Calculate current through and
•6. RL circuit voltage across inductors in DC circuits
•7. time constant once equilibrium is reached
•8. Exponential charge/discharge •3. Measure i-v characteristics of
inductor in a DC circuit
•4. Measure and predict time constants
in simple RL circuits
•5. Calculate the energy stored in the
magnetic field of an inductor when
fully charged

Essential Question(s): Are coils of wire with many loops more dangerous than those
with fewer loops when provided electrical power?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.

Textbook and Resource Materials:

● "Giancolli" Ch: 21 p: 584 - 614
● "Holt" Ch: 20 p: 707 - 749
● "Serway" Ch: 31 - 33 p: 893 - 982
● "Physics: Principles and problems" Ch: 25 p: 670 - 695
● "SAT II physics by Spark notes" p: 262 – 272

Evidence of Learning:
* the student can calculate induced EMF in a generator.
* the student can determine the polarity of the coil.
* Student explains the difference between motor and AC generator

SEC Topic:
inductance, time constant, energy storage
AC Circuits
Weeks: Week 12 - Week 14
PH.2.08:
Analyze simple AC circuits containing resistive elements.
Concepts Skills

•1. AC circuits •1. Determine total impedance of an

•2. Impedance
•3. rms voltage, current, power
AC circuit made up of series and
parallel combinations of resistors
•2. Understand difference between
peak-peak voltage and current
measurements and RMS measurements

Essential Question(s): Do resistors and inductors behave the same or differently when
power sources alternate their polarity?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.

Textbook and Resource Materials:

● "Giancolli" Ch: 21 p: 584 - 614
● "Holt" Ch: 20 p: 707 - 749
● "Serway" Ch: 31 - 33 p: 893 - 982
● "Physics: Principles and problems" Ch: 25 p: 670 - 695
● "SAT II physics by Spark notes" p: 262 – 272

Evidence of Learning:
* the student can calculate induced EMF in a secondary coil of a transformer.
* Student can differentiate between the structure of the two types of transformer.

Capstone Connection:
Production of energy needed to be provided for different industrial processes.
Weeks: Week 13 - Week 14
PH.2.09:
Analyze the filtering characteristics of circuits containing capacitors and/or inductors
Concepts Skills

•1. LCR circuit •1. Measure the resonance behavior of

•2. Resonance a band pass filter
•3. Band-pass filter •2. Calculate the resonant frequency of
•4. Low-pass filter a band-pass filter
•5. High Pass filter •3. Explain how a low pass filter works
•6. Reactance of capacitor based on the reactance of an inductor
•7. Reactance of inductor •4. Explain how a high pass filter
•8. Impedance works based on the reactance of a
capacitor

Essential Question(s): What happens when electrical power that oscillates in time is
provided to circuit elements that display time behavior?
Big Idea:
There are similarities between the gravitational and electrostatic forces of particles.
Textbook and Resource Materials:
● "Giancolli" Ch: 21 p: 584 - 614
● "Holt" Ch: 20 p: 707 - 749
● "Serway" Ch: 31 - 33 p: 893 - 982
● "Physics: Principles and problems" Ch: 25 p: 670 - 695
● "SAT II physics by Spark notes" p: 262 - 272
Evidence of Learning:
* Student can determine self-induction of a coil and compare between the forward and
backward induced emf by self- induction of a coil.
* Student can draw the graph between emf induced in a coil by self-induction and the
time.
Capstone Connection:
Production of energy needed to be provided for different industrial processes.
SEC Topic:
band-pass filter, resonance, reactance