ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY

Exercise No. 2 Cells

NAME:_______________________________

1. Using the list of terms , correctly label all cell parts indicated by leader lines. Write only the letter in
the space provided.

A. PLASMA MEMBRANE F. SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

B. CENTRIOLES G. NUCLEUS
C. GOLGI APPARATUS H. RIBOSOMES
D. MICROVILLI I. MITOCHONDRIA
E. NUCLEOLUS J. CYTOPLASM

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 2. Different organelles are abundant in different cell types. Match the cell types with their abundant organelles
by selecting a letter from the key choices.

A. Mitochondria E. Microfilaments
B. Smooth ER F. Lysosomes
C. Rough ER G. Intermediate Filaments
D. Peroxisomes H. Golgi Apparatus

____________1. Cell lining the small intestine (assemble fats)

____________2. White blood cell, a phagocyte
____________3. Liver cells that detoxifies carcinogens
____________4. Muscle cell (contractile cell)
____________5. Mucus-secreting cell (secretes a protein product)
____________6. Cell at external skin surface (withstands friction and tension
____________7. Kidney tubule cell (makes and uses large amounts of ATP

3. Select the key choices that characterize each of the following statements. Insert the appropriate letter in the
answer blanks.

A. Active transport F. Filtration

B. Diffusion, simple G. phagocytosis
C. Diffusion, osmosis H. pinocytosis
D. Exocytosis I. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
E. Facilitated diffusion

_______________________1. Engulfment processes that require ATP

_______________________2. Driven by molecular energy
_______________________3. Driven by hydrostatic (fluid) pressure (typically blood pressure in the body)
_______________________4. Moves down a concentration gradient
_______________________5. Moves up (against) a concentration gradient ; requires a carrier
_______________________6. Moves small or lipid-soluble solutes through the membrane
_______________________7. Transport amino acid and Na+ through the plasma membrane
_______________________8. Examples of vesicular transport
_______________________9. A means of bringing fairly large particles into the cell
_______________________10. Used to eject wastes and to secrete cell products

4. Identify the phases of mitosis depicted in the pictures below.

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 5. The following statements describe events that occur during the different phases of mitosis. Identify
the phase by choosing the correct response from the key choices and inserting the letter(s) or
term(s) in the answer blanks.

Key Choices

A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase E. None of these

_________________________1. Chromatin coils and condenses to form deeply staining bodies

_________________________2. Centromeres break and chromosomes begin migration toward opposite poles
of the cell
_________________________3. The nuclear membrane and nucleoli re appear
_________________________4. When chromosomes cease their poleward movement, this phase begins
_________________________5. Chromosomes align on the equator of the spindle
_________________________6. The nucleoli and nuclear membrane disappear
_________________________7. The spindle forms through the migration of the centrioles
_________________________8. Chromosomal material replicates
_________________________9. Chromosomes first appear to be duplex structures
_________________________10. Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers
_________________________11. A cleavage furrow forms during this phase
_________________________12. The nuclear membrane is absent during the entire phase
_________________________13. A cell carries out its usual metabolic activities

6. Complete the following statements. Insert your answers in the answer blanks.

Division of the (1)_______________________ is referred to as mitosis. Cytokinesis is the division of the

(2)_________________________. The major structural difference between chromatin and chromosomes is
that the latter are (3) __________________________. Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers by undivided
structures called (4)____________________________. If a cell undergoes nuclear division but not cytoplasmic
division, the product is a (5)___________________________. The structure that acts as a scaffolding for
chromosomal attachment and movement is called the (6)__________________________.
(7)_____________________________ is the period of cell life when the cell is not involved division.

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 7. Identify each tissue type by inserting the correct name in the blank below the diagram.

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 8. Using the key choices, correctly identify the major tissue types described. Enter the appropriate
letter of tissue type in the answer blanks.
Key Choices
A. Connective B. Epithelium C. Muscle D. nervous

___________________________1. Forms mucous, serious and epidermal membranes

___________________________2. Allows for organ movements within the body
___________________________3. Transmits electrochemical impulses
___________________________4. Supports the organs
___________________________5. Cells of this tissue may absorb and or secrete substances
___________________________6. Basis of the major controlling system of the body
___________________________7. The cells of this tissue shorten to exert force
___________________________8. Forms hormones
___________________________9. Packages and protects body organs
___________________________10. Characterized by having large amounts of non-living matrix
___________________________11. Allows you to smile, grasp. Swim ski and shoot an arrow
___________________________12. Most widely distributed tissue type in the body
___________________________13. Forms the brain and spinal cord

9. Using the key, choose the best response to identify the connective tissues described below. Write only
the letter of your choice

Key: A. adipose connective tissue B. reticular connective tissues C. fibrocartilage

D. Areolar connective tissue E. hyaline cartilage F. blood
G. dense connective tissues H. osseous tissue

______1. Attaches the bones and muscles

______2. Forms your hip bone
______3. Composes basement membranes; a soft packaging tissues with jelly matrix
______4. Forms the larynx and the costal cartilages of the ribs
______5. Firm matrix heavily invaded with fibers; appears glassy and smooth
______6. Matrix hard; provides levers for muscle to act on
______7. Insulates against heat loss; provides reverse fuel
______8. Makes up the intervertebral discs

10. the terms and phrases in the key relate to the muscle tissues. For each of the three muscle tissues, select
the terms or phrases that characterize it, and write the corresponding letter of each term on the answer line.
Key: A. Skeletal Muscle B. Cardiac Muscle C. Smooth Muscle

_______1. Striated ________6. Voluntary ________11. Attached to bones

_______2. Branching cells ________7. Involuntary ________12. Intercalated discs
_______3. Spindle-shaped cells ________8. One nucleus ________13. In wall of bladder and stomach
________4. Cylindrical cells _________9. Many nuclei _________14. Moves limbs, produces smiles
________5. Active during birth _________10. Forms heart walls ___________15. Arranged in sheets

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